2023年考研考博考博英語(yǔ)遼寧大學(xué)考試高頻考點(diǎn)參考題庫(kù)帶答案（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）答案解析附后第1卷一.綜合題(共20題)1.單選題HeclaimedthathewouldcompileanEnglishmasterpieceifhecouldfinda(n)______todealwiththelessessentialparts.問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)A.accompliceB.collaboratorC.confederateD.cobber2.單選題Yourexcusethatanelephantfellonyouandmadeyoulateisjust（

）.問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)A.inevitableB.incredibleC.indispensableD.incurable3.單選題Toiletwaters,colognes（科隆水）andperfumesallhavepleasingaromas（香味）.Whenpurchasingthematastore,however,youwillfindthateachofthethreehasadifferentpricerange.Theiraromasarecreatedbyperfumeoils.Thesecanbeverycostly.Toiletwater,whichistheleastexpensive,containsabouttwopercentperfumeoil.Cologne,whichisslightlymoreexpensive,hasthreetofivepercentperfumeoil.Perfume,containingfromtentotwentypercentperfumeoil,isthemostexpensive.Perfumeoils,alsocalled"essentialoils",providethespecialodorsofperfumes.Theseoilscomefromtheflowers,leaves,stems,roots,andseedsofplants.Oneofthemostdesirableessentialoilscomesfromthejasmine.Attarisoneofthemostexpensiveoils.Itisobtainedfromauniquerose.ThisspecialflowergrowsonlyinBulgariaandTurkey.Anotheringredientofperfumeiscalledafixative——asubstancethatmakesthearomaoftheessentialoilslong-lasting.Thebestfixativesarequiteexpensive.Thisisbecausetheycanbeobtainedonlyfromcertainanimals.MuskcomesfromthescentglandofthemuskdeerthatlivesinAsia.Castorcomesfrombeavers,andcivetistakenfromcivetcats.Ambergris,therarestoffixatives,isasubstancesometimesfoundinspermwhales.Thelasttwoingredientsinperfumes,however,arenotcostly.Almostallperfumescontainsyntheticsubstancesthatareobtainedfromcoaltarorchemicals.Allperfumesalsocontainalcohol,inwhichtheotheringredientsaredissolved.Thegreatertheamountofsyntheticmaterialsandalcohol,thecheapertheperfumeistomake.Someperfumes,thereforecanbeveryexpensive,whileotherscancostless.Themoreexpensiveonesareusedforcosmetics:lipsticks,powders,lotions,andofcourse,thefragrantliquiddabbedorsprayedonthebody.Thelessexpensiveonesareusedinindustry.Theyarekeyingredientsinthemakingofpaper,plastics,paint,andrubberproducts,whichotherwisewouldhaveunpleasantodors.1.Toiletwaters,colognesandperfumesaredifferentinpricesbecause（

）.2.Themajoringredientsofperfumesare（

）.

3.Thebestfixativesareveryexpensivebecause（

）.

4.Thefunctionofalcoholinperfumesisto（

）.

5.Peopleuseperfumesinpaper-makinginorderto（

）.問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)A.theycontaindifferentpercentageofperfumeoilB.theiraromasarecreatedbyperfumeoilsC.theirperfumeoilsareveryexpensiveD.youbuythematdifferentstores問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)A.perfumeoils,essentialoils,jasmine,attarB.oilsfromtheflowers,leaves,stems,rootsandseedsofplantsC.perfumeoils,fixative,syntheticsubstancesandalcoholD.musk,castor,civet,ambergris問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)A.animalsareveryexpensiveandrareB.animalsliveindifferentareasC.noteveryanimalcontainsperfumeD.itishardtogetthem問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)A.makeotheringredientsmixedwiththeliquidB.makeotheringredientsdisappearC.fadeawayD.makeotheringredientsbecomesolid問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)A.reducethecostB.makethepapermoreattractiveC.getridoftheunpleasantsmellsD.softenthepaper4.翻譯題清潔的空氣對(duì)于健康是至關(guān)重要的。如果空氣中含有雜質(zhì)，這些雜質(zhì)就有可能被我們的身體吸收，使人生病。我們需要清潔的空氣，但不幸的是，目前普遍存在著空氣污染，尤其是在城市里。城市里有許多食品廠、服裝廠和制造其他東西的工廠。每天這些工廠把千百萬(wàn)噸的煙灰排放到空氣中。工廠產(chǎn)生的東西過(guò)一個(gè)時(shí)期就會(huì)損壞，然后就作為垃圾扔掉。我們燒掉許多垃圾，煙灰就增多了。還有工廠生產(chǎn)的汽車，一旦出廠在街上行駛，將會(huì)吸進(jìn)空氣，排出有毒氣體，并增加空氣中的煙塵。世界上沒(méi)有任何一個(gè)地方可以徹底擺脫空氣污染，我們必須采取措施來(lái)控制空氣污染?，F(xiàn)在越來(lái)越多的人正在認(rèn)識(shí)到清潔空氣的重要性。學(xué)校開(kāi)設(shè)了關(guān)于污染問(wèn)題的課程。企業(yè)開(kāi)始幫著凈化空氣，他們安裝了特別的設(shè)備來(lái)清除自己排放的煙霧?？茖W(xué)家和發(fā)明家正在努力開(kāi)發(fā)更清潔的汽車和火車引擎。或許，人們?cè)诔鞘欣锬芎粑迈r空氣的日子終將到來(lái)。5.翻譯題TranslatethefollowingintoEnglish

隨著年歲的增長(zhǎng)，精力日減，效率漸低，作風(fēng)漸延：激情有失，理智有增?？磥?lái)，這樣的互易不可能總是得失相當(dāng)?shù)摹５?，一定的年齡總有一定的長(zhǎng)處。因此，可以告慰的是，即使你已度過(guò)了部分盛年，在未來(lái)的經(jīng)歷中，依然會(huì)有另一種盛年期的出現(xiàn)。某些重要的盛年期似乎在人生后期才達(dá)到頂峰。原始人一旦由于周圍的許多令人愉快的情景而第一次開(kāi)口大笑了，又由于笑對(duì)周圍所產(chǎn)生的那些明顯的愉快的效果，笑就開(kāi)始具有了人類社會(huì)所特有的價(jià)值。具有用爽朗的笑聲來(lái)傳播愉快能力的人，開(kāi)始比他的較為嚴(yán)肅、古板的同事更能享受到社會(huì)的優(yōu)惠，從而使自己處于有利的地位。他成了個(gè)“善于交際的人”，在社交方面成了大家所推舉的人，受到社會(huì)的喜愛(ài)。當(dāng)今的世界，即非絲綢之路的吋代，亦非馬可波羅(MarcoPolo)吋代。從上海去東京，只需兩個(gè)多小時(shí)。從中國(guó)區(qū)地球另一端的美國(guó)，也能在日歷的同一天到達(dá)。昔日遙遠(yuǎn)的地理距離，被現(xiàn)代科學(xué)技術(shù)一下縮短到令人難以置信的程度。這是人類文明的共同成果。6.單選題ForthousandsofCanadians,badserviceisneithermake-believenoramusing.Itisanaggravatingandworseningreal-lifephenomenonthatencompassesbehaviorrangingfromindifferenceandrudenesstonakedhostilityandevenphysicalviolence.Acrossthecountry,betterbusinessbureausreportalengtheninglitanyofcomplaintsaboutcontractors,cardealers,repairshops,movingcompanies,airlinesanddepartmentstores.Thereisalmostanadversarialfeelingbetweenbusinessesandconsumers.Expertssaythereareseveralexplanationsforillfeelinginthemarketplace.Oneisthatcustomerservicewasanearlyandinevitablecasualtywhenretailersrespondedtobrutalcompetitionbyreplacingemployeeswithtechnologysuchas1~800numbersandvoicemail.Anotherfactoristhatbusinessgenerallyhasbegunplacingmoreemphasisongettingcustomersthanonkeepingthem.Stillanotheristhatstrident,frustratedandimpatientshoppersvexshopownersandmakethemevenlesshospitable—especiallyatbusiertimesoftheyearlikeChristmas.Onbothsides,simplecourtesyhasgonebytheboard.Andforamultitudeofconsumers,servicewentwithit.TheBetterBusinessBureauatVancouvergets250complaintsaweek,twiceasmanyasfiveyearsago.Thebureauthenhadonecomplaintscounselorandnowhasfour.Peoplecomplainaboutbeinginsulted,havingtheirintelligenceandintegrityquestioned,andbeingthreatened.Onewillhearaboutpeoplebeinghauledalmostbodilyoutthedoorbysomebodysayingthingslike“Idon’thavetoserveyou!”or“thisisprivateproperty,getoutanddon’tcomeback!”Whatcancustomersdo?Ifthebureau’sarbitrationprocessfailstosettleadispute,acustomer’sonlyrecourseistosueinsmallclaimscourt.Butbecauseofthecostsandtimeittakes,relativelyfeweverdo.Thereisalotofsupportforthenotionthatservicehas,inpart,fallenvictimtogenerationalchange.Manyyoungpeopleregardretailing“asjustadead-endjobthatyou’rejustgoingtodotemporarilyonyourwaytoarealjob”.Youngclerksoftenlackbothknowledgeandcivility.Employersarehavingtotrainyoungpeopleinsimplemannersbecausethatisnotbeingdoneathome.Salespeopletoday,especiallytheyoungerones,havegrownupinatelevision-computersocietywherethey’veinteractedlargelywithmachines.Oneofthebiggestcomplaintsfrombusinessesaboutgraduatesisthelackofinterpersonalskills.Whatcustomersreallywantisaccess.Theywanttogetthroughwhentheycall,theydon’twantbusysignals,theydon’twantinteractivesystemstellingthemtopushoneforthisandtwoforthat—theydon’twantvoicemail.Andifcustomersdonotgetwhattheywant,theydefect.Somepeoplegobacktolocalsmallbusinesses:theAsiangreengrocer,aGreekbakerandaGreekfishmonger.Theydon’twearnametags,butonegetstoknowthem,allbyname.46.Atabusinessplaceofbadservice,theworstonecangetis（）.47.Oneofthereasonsforsuchillfeelinginthemarketplaceisthat（）.48.WhathaschangedatVancouverBelerServiceBurcauinthepastfiveyears?（）49.Youngclerksoftenlackinterpersonalskillschieflybecausethey（）.50.Theauthor’sattitudetowardsbusinessesandbadserviceis（）them.問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)A.indifferenceandrudenessB.nakedhostilityandphysicalviolenceC.havingintelligenceandintegrityquestionedD.beinginsultedandthreatened問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)A.shoppersareusuallystrident,frustratedandimpatientB.shoppersoftentakebusinessestocourttosettlethemC.businessesusenewtechnologyinsteadofemployeeD.businessesarekeenonkeepingcustomers,notgettingthem問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)A.Moreeffective.B.Lessbureaucracy.C.Morebusiness.D.Betterstaff.問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)A.areskilledindealingwithmachinesnotpeopleB.arenottrainedinsimplemannersathomeC.fallvictimstogenerationalchangeD.takeretailingtobeatemporaryjob問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)A.attackingB.understandingC.regrettingD.warning7.單選題Thedirectionswereso（

）thatitwasimpossibletocompletetheassignment.問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)A.ingeniousB.ambitiousC.notoriousD.ambiguous8.翻譯題Putthefollowing3ChinesesentencesintoEnglishand3EnglishsentencesintoChinese.沒(méi)有永遠(yuǎn)的優(yōu)點(diǎn)，也沒(méi)有永遠(yuǎn)的缺點(diǎn)。這篇文章告訴我們，對(duì)待優(yōu)點(diǎn)和缺點(diǎn)應(yīng)當(dāng)采取客觀的態(tài)度。具體地說(shuō)，盲目地崇拜他人的優(yōu)點(diǎn)必定會(huì)傷害我們的自信，而完全忽略自身缺點(diǎn)則會(huì)導(dǎo)致自負(fù)。總而言之，兩種極端都會(huì)使我們失去充分發(fā)揮自身優(yōu)勢(shì)的機(jī)會(huì)。因此，我們需要找到合適的方法釋放自己的優(yōu)勢(shì)，并且把暫吋的缺點(diǎn)轉(zhuǎn)化成優(yōu)點(diǎn)。數(shù)字表明自我雇傭的英國(guó)人大多為男性，工作的吋間比全職工作的員工長(zhǎng)而且賺得少。事實(shí)上，2007至2016期間，自我雇傭者的實(shí)際薪水要比受雇傭員工下降得更快。這或許能解釋為何英國(guó)近幾年的生產(chǎn)率提高速度如同蝸牛爬行。對(duì)于以音樂(lè)為愛(ài)好的研究者來(lái)說(shuō)，音樂(lè)有助于他們的研究。把他們的頭腦從實(shí)驗(yàn)的結(jié)構(gòu)嚴(yán)密性以及數(shù)據(jù)的乏味中解脫出來(lái)，使之徜徉在韻律與節(jié)奏的世界里會(huì)幫助他發(fā)揮科學(xué)創(chuàng)造性。一位研宄者發(fā)現(xiàn)，令人滿意的表演持續(xù)幾天甚至僅幾個(gè)小吋之后，常給他開(kāi)展研究的靈感。USmilitaryhasbegundeployingamissiledefensesysteminSouthKorea.TheTHAADsystemisdesignedtoshootdownincomingmissiles.Chinasaysitwilltakeunspecifiedmeasuresagainstit.AndmanyKoreanandChineseareirritatedandtheyhavebeenprotestingagainstSouthKorea'sirresponsibleactionofthisdeployment.Insomecases,alongerresumemightbeinorder.Forexample,graphicdesignersorvisualartistsmightbenefitfromcreatinganillustratedresume,andacademics,researchers,orlong-timeexecutivesmayneedmorethanonepagetocapturethebreadthoftheirexperience.Butingeneral,it'sbesttoavoidoverburdeningbusyrecruiterswitharesumethatdragsonandon.Chinaiscomingupwithfinancialincentivestoencouragecouplestohaveasecondchild,assurveysshowmanyarereluctanttoexpandtheirfamiliesduetoeconomicconstraints.AnofficeroftheNationalHealthandFamilyPlanningCommissionrevealedthepotentialmoveatasocialwelfareconference."TohaveasecondchildistherightofeachfamilyinChina,butaffordabilityhasbecomeabottleneckthatunderminethedecision,"hesaid.9.單選題Atthefirstglance,aforestappearstobeahaphazardcollectionoftrees,shrubs,vines,andflowers.問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)A.randomB.totalC.gradedD.synthetic10.翻譯題Vacationsaremorenecessarynowthanbeforebecausetodaytheaveragelifeislesswell-roundedandhasbecomeincreasinglycompartmentalized.Isupposetheideaofvacations,asweconceiveit,mustbeincomprehensibletoprimitivepeoples.Restofsomekindhasofcoursealwaysbeenapartoftherhythmofhumanlife,butearlieragesdidnotfinditnecessarytoorganizeitinthewaythatmodernmanhasdone,holidaysandfeastdaysweresufficient.Withmodernman’sincreasingtensions,withthestultifying(極其單調(diào)乏味的)qualityofsomuchofhiswork,thisbreakintheyear’sroutinebecamesteadilymorenecessary.Vacationsbecamemandatoryforthepurposeofrenewalandrepair.AndsoitcameaboutthatintheUnitedStates,themostself-indulgentofnations,themosttenseandcompartmentalized,vacationshavecometotakeapredominantplaceindomesticconversation.11.單選題Theyoungartistcreates（

）.問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)A.marbletranslucentsculpturesB.translucentmarblesculpturesC.marblesculpturestranslucentD.translucentsculpturesmarble12.單選題TheRomans（

）alargepartofEuropeandtheMiddleFast.問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)A.submittedB.subduedC.oppressedD.predominated13.翻譯題世界不會(huì)缺少貪婪，且很少有人、公司或國(guó)家能例外。企業(yè)和國(guó)家總是相互競(jìng)爭(zhēng)，采用不那么合法的手段獲取優(yōu)勢(shì)。隨著全球網(wǎng)絡(luò)的出現(xiàn)，技術(shù)擴(kuò)散至每個(gè)人，貪婪來(lái)到了那些可能永遠(yuǎn)也不會(huì)犯罪的人旁邊。貪婪在各個(gè)層面上都起作用，而大多數(shù)信息系統(tǒng)存在的薄弱環(huán)節(jié)則為企圖利用這些弱點(diǎn)的人提供了攫取驚人利潤(rùn)的機(jī)會(huì)。14.單選題Therats（

）bacterialinfectionsoftheblood.問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)A.developB.produceC.stimulateD.induce15.單選題Hehadheardtheverybadnews;butwhenhespoke,he______hisremarkstoafewhintsthatsaleshadslipped.問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)A.boundB.polishedC.optimizedD.confined16.單選題Oneofhiseccentricitiesissleepingunderthebedinsteadofinthebed.問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)A.pedestriansB.peculiaritiesC.pedagoguesD.punctures17.單選題Thosewhoare______ofallcommonsensewouldbeeasilytakeninbytricksthatarefrequentlyexposedbythewise.問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)A.deprivedB.devoidC.strippedD.snatched18.單選題Medievaltravelers'talesoffantasticcreatureswereoftenfascinatingbutnotalways（

）.問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)A.credibleB.creditableC.conceivableD.credulous19.單選題Alltheoff-shoreoilexplorerswereinhighspiritsastheyreadlovinglettersfromthefamilies.問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)A.sentimentalB.affectionateC.intimateD.sensitive20.翻譯題人類文化從整體來(lái)說(shuō)，是各國(guó)、各民族文化匯聚、交流的產(chǎn)物?，F(xiàn)代國(guó)際間的文化交流，更是以空前的規(guī)模、內(nèi)容、形式和手段，在直接間接地進(jìn)行著。交流促進(jìn)發(fā)展。一個(gè)國(guó)家、一個(gè)民族，只要不是由于主觀和客觀的種種原因而長(zhǎng)期處于孤立、閉塞的狀態(tài)之中，或多或少都可以從交流中得到好處。事實(shí)上，在現(xiàn)代國(guó)家中，絕對(duì)不受外來(lái)影響的固有文化是不存在的。一位外國(guó)的著名歷史學(xué)家曾經(jīng)說(shuō)過(guò)：“任何國(guó)家的文明，來(lái)自外來(lái)影響的產(chǎn)物總是多于本國(guó)的發(fā)明創(chuàng)造。如果有人要把英國(guó)文化中任何受外國(guó)影響或來(lái)源于外國(guó)的東西剔除掉，那么，英國(guó)的文化就所剩無(wú)幾了?！钡?卷參考答案一.綜合題1.【答案】B【解析】考查名詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)accomplice“同謀者；共犯”，指在犯罪行為中幫助另一個(gè)人；B選項(xiàng)collaborator“合作者；協(xié)作者；合著者”，指在做好事中幫助另一個(gè)人；C選項(xiàng)confederate“同盟國(guó)，同盟者；幫兇；美國(guó)南部邦聯(lián)支持者”，常指國(guó)家或政府層面的結(jié)盟；D選項(xiàng)cobber“伙伴；朋友”，不常用，屬于澳洲俚語(yǔ)。句意：他聲稱，如果他能找到一位______來(lái)處理不太重要的部分，他將編寫(xiě)一部英語(yǔ)杰作。此處填“合著者”一詞更符合句意，所以B選項(xiàng)正確。2.【答案】B【解析】考查形容詞辨析。inevitable意為“不可避免的”；incredible意為“不能相信的，難以置信的”；indispensable意為“不可或缺的，必不可少的”；incurable意為“無(wú)法治愈的”。由“anelephantfellonyou（一只大象落在你身上）”導(dǎo)致遲到這樣的借口，通常會(huì)讓人覺(jué)得這是難以置信的，因此選B。句意：你找的借口說(shuō)一只大象落在你身上，使你遲到了，這根本是不可信的。3.【答案】第1題:A第2題:C第3題:C第4題:A第5題:C【解析】1.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。由文章第一段中的Toiletwater,whichistheleastexpensive,containsabouttwopercentperfumeoil.Cologne,whichisslightlymoreexpensive,hasthreetofivepercentperfumeoil.Perfume,containingfromtentotwentypercentperfumeoil,isthemostexpensive.（最便宜的花露水含有百分之二的芳香油?？坡∠闼晕①F一點(diǎn)，有百分之三到五的芳香油。香水是最貴的，含有10%到20%的芳香油）可知A選項(xiàng)“它們含有不同百分比的芳香油”符合題意。2.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。由文章第一段中的Theiraromasarecreatedbyperfumeoils.（它們的芳香是由芳香油產(chǎn)生的）、第三段中的Anotheringredientofperfumeiscalledafixative（香水的另一種成分叫做固香劑）和第四段中的Almostallperfumescontainsyntheticsubstancesthatareobtainedfromcoaltarorchemicals.Allperfumesalsocontainalcohol（幾乎所有的香水都含有從煤焦油或化學(xué)物質(zhì)中提取的合成物質(zhì)。所有的香水都含有酒精）可知香水的主要主要成分為芳香油（perfumeoils）、固香劑（fixative）、合成物質(zhì)（syntheticsubstances）和酒精（alcohol），因此選C。3.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。由文章第三段中的Thisisbecausetheycanbeobtainedonlyfromcertainanimals.（這是因?yàn)樗鼈冎荒軓哪承﹦?dòng)物身上獲得）可知C選項(xiàng)“不是所有的動(dòng)物都有香味”符合題意。4.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。由文章倒數(shù)第二段中的Allperfumesalsocontainalcohol,inwhichtheotheringredientsaredissolved.（所有的香水都含有酒精，其他成分都會(huì)溶解在其中）可知A選項(xiàng)“使其它成分混合其中”。5.推理判斷題。Thelessexpensiveonesareusedinindustry.Theyarekeyingredientsinthemakingofpaper,plastics,paint,andrubberproducts,whichotherwisewouldhaveunpleasantodors.（較便宜的香水在工業(yè)上使用。它們是制造紙張、塑料、油漆和橡膠制品的關(guān)鍵原料，否則會(huì)產(chǎn)生難聞的氣味）可知C選項(xiàng)“去除難聞的氣味”符合題意。4.【答案】【參考譯文】Cleanairisvitaltogoodhealth.Iftheaircontainsimpurities,theymaybeabsorbedbyourbodiesmakeusill.Weneedcleanair,butunfortunately,airpollutionisgenerallypresent,especiallyincities.Therearemanyfoodfactories,garmentfactoriesandfactoriesformakingotherproductsincities.Everydaythesefactoriesdischargemilliontonsofsmokeandsootintotheair.Thingsmadeinfactorieswearoutafterawhileandarethrownawayastrash.Weburnalotoftrash,whichproducesmoresmokeandsoot.Moreover,oncetheautomobilesproducedbyfactoriesareoutonthestreet,theywilltakeinairandreplaceitwithpoisonousgases,whichagainproducemoresmokeandsoot.Noareaintheworldcancompletelyfreeofairpollution.Wemusttakemeasurestocontrolit.Nowmoreandmorepeoplearerealizingtheimportanceofcleanair.Schoolshavetaughtaboutthepollutionproblem.Industriesarebeguntohelpcleanup,byinstallingequipmenttocleanuptheirsmoke.Scientistsandinventorsaremakingeffortstodevelopcleanerautomobilesandtheengineoftrain.Perhapsthedaywhenpeopleareabletobreathefreshairincitieswillcomeatlast.5.【答案】Asweage,wetradestrengthforingenuity,speedforthoroughnessandpassionforreason.Theseexchangesmaynotalwaysseemfair,butateveryage,therearesomeadvantages.Soitisreassuringtonotethatevenifyou’vepassedsomeofyour“primes”,youstillhaveotherprimeyearstoexperienceinthefuture.Itseemsthatsomeprimeperiodwillreachitspeaklaterinourlife.Oncetheprimitivemenburstoutlaughingforthefirsttimebecauseofsomethingpleasantaroundthem,andthenthelaughbringstheobviouslypleasanteffectaround,thelaughhashadvaluethatthehumanbeingsisholding.Thepersonwhopossessestheabilitytospreadhappinessbybrightandclearlaughwillgetmoresocialbenefitsthanhisseriousandstuffycolleagues,whichgetshiminanadvantageousposition.Thushebecomesa“goodmixer”whoiscommendedbyothers,especiallygiftedsocially.TheworldtodayisneithertheeraofSilkRoad,northeageofMarcoPolo.ItjusttakesabouttwohoursfromShanghaitoTokyo.Onthesamedayonthecalendar,youalsocanarriveintheUnitedStatesontheothersideoftheearthfromChina.Thefargeographicdistanceoftheolddayshasbeenshortenedtoanunbelievableextentbymodernscienceandtechnology.It’sthecommonachievementsbroughtaboutbytheprogressofhumancivilization.6.【答案】第1題:B第2題:C第3題:C第4題:A第5題:D【解析】46.【試題答案】B【試題解析】細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)題意定位到文章第一段第二句“Itisanaggravatingandworseningreal-lifephenomenonthatencompassesbehaviorrangingfromindifferenceandrudenesstonakedhostilityandevenphysicalviolence.（它是一個(gè)正在不斷惡化的現(xiàn)實(shí)生活中的現(xiàn)象，包括從漠不關(guān)心、粗俗無(wú)禮到不加掩飾的惡意甚至身體暴力等一系列行為。）”可知，這些劣質(zhì)服務(wù)行為按照嚴(yán)重程度遞增排列。A選項(xiàng)“冷漠和粗魯”；B選項(xiàng)“赤裸裸的敵意和身體暴力”；C選項(xiàng)“智力和正直受到質(zhì)疑”；D選項(xiàng)“被侮辱和威脅”，其中最惡劣的是不加掩飾的惡意甚至身體暴力，因此B選項(xiàng)正確。47.【試題答案】C【試題解析】細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)題意定位到文章第二段，第二段分析了三個(gè)原因。第一個(gè)原因是：零售商應(yīng)對(duì)殘酷的競(jìng)爭(zhēng)采用技術(shù)取代員工。第二個(gè)原因是：商家一般都開(kāi)始把重點(diǎn)更多放在贏得顧客而不是保持顧客上。第三個(gè)原因是：一些吵鬧的、失望的沒(méi)有耐心的購(gòu)買(mǎi)者經(jīng)常惹惱店主。A選項(xiàng)“購(gòu)物者通常是刺耳的、沮喪的和不耐煩的”只是個(gè)別現(xiàn)象；B選項(xiàng)“購(gòu)物者經(jīng)常把商家告上法庭”文中沒(méi)有提到；C選項(xiàng)“商家使用技術(shù)替代員工”符合題意；D選項(xiàng)“企業(yè)熱衷于留住顧客，而不是得到他們”與文意不符，因此C選項(xiàng)正確。48.【試題答案】C【試題解析】細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)題意定位到文章第三段的第一句“TheBetterBusinessBureauatVancouvergets250complaintsaweek,twiceasmanyasfiveyearsago.Thebureauthenhadonecomplaintscounselorandnowhasfour.（溫哥華商業(yè)促進(jìn)局每周接到250起投訴，是五年前的兩倍。該局當(dāng)時(shí)只有一名投訴顧問(wèn)，現(xiàn)在有四名。）”可知，投訴多了，業(yè)務(wù)更加繁忙了。A選項(xiàng)“效率更高”；B選項(xiàng)“官僚作風(fēng)減少”；D選項(xiàng)“更好的職員”文中沒(méi)有提到，C選項(xiàng)“更多的業(yè)務(wù)”符合題意，因此C選項(xiàng)正確。49.【試題答案】A【試題解析】細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)題意可定位到文章第四段，第四段提到了服務(wù)成了代與代之間變化的受害者并對(duì)其進(jìn)行了闡述。A選項(xiàng)“擅長(zhǎng)與機(jī)器而非人打交道”與年輕職員人際交流能力差相關(guān)，而且是直接原因；B選項(xiàng)“在家沒(méi)有接受簡(jiǎn)單的禮儀訓(xùn)練”；C選項(xiàng)“成為代與代之間變化的受害者”；D選項(xiàng)“將零售視為臨時(shí)的工作”都是年輕人其他方面的表現(xiàn)，因此A選項(xiàng)正確。50.【試題答案】D【試題解析】作者意圖題。文中作者主要描述了劣質(zhì)服務(wù)的存在及分析其原因。最后一段作者寫(xiě)到顧客真正想要的是一個(gè)接近的機(jī)會(huì)。如果顧客得不到他們想要的服務(wù)，他們就會(huì)跑掉。由此可見(jiàn)作者是在呼吁并警告服務(wù)行業(yè)要善于找出他們的服務(wù)問(wèn)題并進(jìn)行改善。A選項(xiàng)“攻擊的”；B選項(xiàng)“理解的”；C選項(xiàng)“懊悔的”；D選項(xiàng)“警告的”，因此D選項(xiàng)正確。7.【答案】D【解析】考查形容詞辨析。ingenious意為“精巧的，巧妙的，機(jī)敏的”；ambitious意為“有野心的，有雄心的”，一般形容人；notorious意為“臭名昭著的”；ambiguous意為“含糊的，不明確的”。句意：這些指示太不明確了，以致不可能完成任務(wù)。8.【答案】Therearenopermanentmeritsordefects.Thisarticletellsusthatweshouldtreatthesemeritsanddefectsobjectively.Specifically,itwouldhurtourself-confidencetoadmireother’smeritsblindly,whilecompletelyignoringourownshortcomingswillleadtoself-esteem.Inshort,wewouldloseouropportunitiestogivefullplaytoouradvantagesbecauseoftheseextremes.Therefore,weneedtofindappropriatewaystoreleaseouradvantagesandturnthetemporarydefectsintodefects.Thefiguresshowthatmostself-employedBritonsaremen.Theself-employedworklongerhoursandearnlessthanthefull-timeemployees.Actually,therealsalaryofself-employedfellfasterthanthatofemployedemployeesbetween2007and2016.ThismayexplainwhyBritonproductivityhasgrownatsnail’spaceinrecentyears.Forresearcherinterestedinmusic,musicishelpfultotheirresearch.Releasingtheirmindsfromthestructuralrigoroftheexperimentandthetediousdata,toroamtheworldfullofrhythmwouldbeusefulforhimtoplayscientificcreativity.Oneresearcherfoundthatasatisfactoryperformanceoftenlastedforafewdaysorevenafterseveralhours,andofteninspiredhimtodoresearch.美國(guó)軍方已開(kāi)始在韓國(guó)部署導(dǎo)彈防御系統(tǒng)。薩德系統(tǒng)旨在擊落來(lái)襲導(dǎo)彈。中國(guó)將采取一定措施表示反對(duì)。許多韓國(guó)人和中國(guó)人都很憤怒，他們一直在抗議韓國(guó)不負(fù)責(zé)任的部署行動(dòng)。在某些情況下，可能需要篇幅長(zhǎng)的簡(jiǎn)歷達(dá)到整齊美觀效果。例如，平面設(shè)計(jì)師或視覺(jué)藝術(shù)家可能會(huì)從制作帶插圖的簡(jiǎn)歷中獲益，而學(xué)者、研究人員或資深管理人員可能需要一頁(yè)以上的頁(yè)面來(lái)展示他們的豐富經(jīng)驗(yàn)。但總的來(lái)說(shuō)，最好避免給讓招聘人員在一份冗長(zhǎng)拖沓的簡(jiǎn)歷上花費(fèi)過(guò)多的精力。中國(guó)正在考慮鼓勵(lì)夫婦生育二胎的經(jīng)濟(jì)激勵(lì)措施，因?yàn)檎{(diào)查顯示，由于經(jīng)濟(jì)限制，許多人不愿擴(kuò)大家庭成員。國(guó)家衛(wèi)生和計(jì)劃生育委員會(huì)一位官員在一次社會(huì)福利會(huì)議上透露了這一潛在的舉措。他說(shuō)，“在中國(guó)，生第二個(gè)孩子是每個(gè)家庭的權(quán)利，但負(fù)擔(dān)能力卻成了阻礙這個(gè)決定的瓶頸。”9.【答案】A【解析】考查形容詞辨析。haphazard意為“無(wú)秩序的，無(wú)計(jì)劃的”；random“隨機(jī)的，隨意的”；total意為“總計(jì)的，全部的，徹底的”；graded意為“分級(jí)的”；synthetic意為“合成的”。句意：乍一看，森林似乎是樹(shù)木、灌木、藤蔓的雜亂無(wú)章的組合。10.【答案】【參考譯文】休假比以前任何時(shí)候都更有必要，因?yàn)槿缃褚话闳说纳畈辉傧褚郧澳菢迂S富多彩，相反卻變得越來(lái)越單調(diào)乏味。我想原始人肯定不理解我們現(xiàn)在的休假概念。當(dāng)然，某種方式的休息，歷來(lái)是人生節(jié)奏的一部分，但人類社會(huì)早期認(rèn)為沒(méi)有必要像現(xiàn)代人那樣安排休假。那時(shí)的節(jié)日足已滿足人們的需要。由于現(xiàn)代人生活越來(lái)越緊張，工作要求高，工作量大，因此在一年的日常工作中，休假變得越來(lái)越必要。休假已成為調(diào)節(jié)修整身心的必要手段。因此，在最任性放縱而生活節(jié)奏最緊張單調(diào)的美國(guó)，休假就成了家庭閑談的主要話題。11.【答案】B【解析】考查形容詞詞序。當(dāng)名詞前有多個(gè)形容詞做定語(yǔ)時(shí)，這些形容詞的排序?yàn)椋合薅ㄔ~（冠詞、指示代詞、物主代詞、數(shù)詞等）+表示觀點(diǎn)的描述性形容詞+形狀、大小、長(zhǎng)短、高低+年齡、新舊+顏色+國(guó)籍、地區(qū)+物質(zhì)材料+中心詞。translucent（半透明的）指顏色，marble（大理石）指物質(zhì)材料，sculpture（雕像）是中心詞，因此選B。句意：這位年輕的藝術(shù)家創(chuàng)造了半透明的大理石雕像。12.【答案】B【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。submit意為“順從，服從”；subdue意為“征服”；oppress意為“折磨，壓迫”；predominate意為“占優(yōu)勢(shì)，占主導(dǎo)地位”。句意：羅馬人征服了歐洲大部分地區(qū)以及中東地區(qū)。13.【答案】【參考譯文】Greedisinnoshortsupply,andfewindividuals,business,orcountriesareexempt.Businessandgovernmentsconstantlymaneuveredtogainanadvantageovereachother,relyingonless-than-legaltechniquestogainanedge.WiththeGlobalNetworkinplace,andtheproliferationoftechnologyforeveryone,greedhasfounditswaytopeoplewhomightotherwisenevercommitacrime.Greedoperatesatalllevels,andduetothevulnerabilityofmostinformationsystems,providesopportunitytoexploittheirweaknessforenormousprofits.14.【答案】A【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。develop意為“發(fā)展，患(病)，出現(xiàn)(問(wèn)題)”；produce意為“生產(chǎn)，制造”；stimulate意為“刺激”；induce意為“引誘”。bacterialinfections意為“細(xì)菌感染”，時(shí)一種病癥，主語(yǔ)為“rats（老鼠）”，故只有A選項(xiàng)符合邏輯。句意：老鼠出現(xiàn)了血液細(xì)菌感染。15.【答案】D【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)bound“綁；裝訂；包扎；凝固”；B選項(xiàng)polished“拋光，擦亮；修改，潤(rùn)色；（使）完美，改進(jìn)”；C選項(xiàng)optimized“優(yōu)化；持樂(lè)觀態(tài)度；使最優(yōu)化，使完善”；D選項(xiàng)confined“限制，使局限；禁止離開(kāi)，關(guān)押；臥床分娩”。句意：他聽(tīng)到了這個(gè)壞消息，但當(dāng)他對(duì)員工們講話時(shí)，他把自己的話______在一些暗示銷售下滑的跡象上。此處填“限制”一詞最符合句意，所以D選項(xiàng)正確。16.【答案】B【解析】考查名詞辨析。eccentricity意為“古怪行為，怪癖”；pedestrian意為“行人，步行者”；peculiarity意為“怪異的性質(zhì)(或習(xí)慣)，怪癖”；pedagogue意為“教師，好為人師的人”；puncture意為“小孔，扎孔”。句意：他的怪癖之一是睡在床下而不是床上。17.【答案】B【解析】考查固定搭配。A選項(xiàng)deprived“貧困的，窮苦的，嚴(yán)重匱乏的；（人）喪失的，被剝奪的”；B選項(xiàng)devoid“缺乏的；全無(wú)的”；C選項(xiàng)stripped“剝?nèi)サ摹?；D選項(xiàng)snatched“一把抓起；奪去；抓緊時(shí)間做；反敗為勝”。根據(jù)固定搭配bedevoidof“缺乏；沒(méi)有……的；毫無(wú)……的；沒(méi)有”可知句意為：那些缺乏常識(shí)的人很容易上當(dāng)，而這些花招往往是由智者揭露的。所以B選項(xiàng)正確。18.【答案】A【解析】考查形容詞辨析。credible意為“可信的，可靠的”通常指人物、言語(yǔ)、歷史、故事等的可信；creditable意為“值得稱贊的，帶來(lái)榮譽(yù)的，可信的”，通常指人的行為，表現(xiàn)或工作而言；conceivable意為“可想到的，可想像的”；credulous意為“輕信的，易受騙的”。由句中的but可知前后為轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，tale表示“傳說(shuō)，傳言”，因此選A。句意：中世紀(jì)旅行者關(guān)于神奇生物的故事常常引人入勝，但并不總是可信的。19.【答案】B【解析】考查形容詞辨析。loving意為“愛(ài)的，充滿愛(ài)的”；sentimental意為“傷感的”；affectionate意為“深情的，摯愛(ài)的”；intimate意為“親密的，親近的”；sensitive意為“敏感的”。句意：所有的海上石油探險(xiǎn)家在讀家里寄來(lái)的充滿愛(ài)的信件時(shí)都興高采烈。20.【答案】【參考譯文】Takenasawhole,humancultureistheproductofthemergingofandexchangebetweenthecultureofallnationsandnationalities.Moderninternationalculturalexchangegoesdirectlyandindirectlywithitsscale,content,formandmethodbeingunheardofbefore.Communicationpromotesdevelopment.Acountry,oranation,ifnotinastateofisolationforalongperiodforreasonseithersubjectiveorobjective,willbenefitfromthisexchangetoagreaterorlessextent.Infact,anintrinsiccultureabsolutelyimmunetoforeigninfluenceisnon-existent.Awell-knownforeignhistorianoncesaid:“Thecivilizationofanycountryismuchmoretheproductofexternalinfluencesthanofnativeinvention.VerylittlewouldremainofEnglishcultureifallitselementswhichhaveaforeignoriginorbearssomeforeigninfluencewereeliminated.”第2卷一.綜合題(共20題)1.單選題A______judgeweighsalltheevidenceandexcludesallpersonalfeelings.問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)A.scrupulousB.restlessC.sarcasticD.resourceful2.單選題Thecampershavetomakedowiththeoldequipment.問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)A.dowithoutB.replaceC.managewithD.repair3.單選題Athoroughstudyofbiologyrequires______withthepropertiesoftreesandplants,andthehabitsofbirdsandbeasts.問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)A.acquisitionB.acquaintanceC.discriminationD.justification4.單選題TheeasternslopesoftheCatskillMountainsare（precipitous）,butthewesternslopesdeclinemoregradually.問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)A.erodedB.snowboundC.heavilyforestedD.extremelysteep5.單選題Successfulpoliticiansaregoodatgiving______answerstoquestionsondifficultissues.問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)A.definitiveB.ubiquitousC.ambiguousD.ineffable6.單選題ThefirstcoinstoappearintheWesternworldwereissuedbytheLydiansandtheIonianGreeksintheeighthcenturyB.C.Thesecoins,whichweremadeofelectrum,anaturalcombinationofgoldandsilver,wereirregularinweightandqualityandapparentlyofprivateissue.ThepuregoldandsilvercoinswithrelatedvalueswhichappearedduringthereignofCroesus(560-546B.C)providethefirstundoubtedevidenceofstandardcoinagebystateauthority.Thecoinswerenotperfectlyshaped,however,fortheywerestruckwithahand-wieldedhammer.Thetrendtowardcompletemathematicalsymmetrydidnot,infact,beginuntilthecoiningpress,inventedbyLeonardodaVinciinthesixteenthcentury,wasgenerallyadoptedinthemiddleoftheseventeenthcentury.Oneshouldnotassume,however,thatonlymachine-madecoinsareprizedfortheirworkmanship.ThesilverdekadrachmfromSyracuse,struckabout413B.C.,isconsideredoneofthefinestGreekcoinsandisworthmorethanathousanddollarstoday.AnartisticmasterpieceofamuchlaterperiodisthesilvertalermintedinRatisbon,southernGermany,in1754.Thevalueofacoinisnotprimarilydeterminedbyitsage,asmanypeopleseemtothink.ManyGreekandRomancoinsthatwereissuedinabundancecanbepurchasedforamoderateprice.Ontheotherhand,aGermancoinmadeofshrapnelduringtheFirstWorldWarisveryrareandvaluable.AmongtheespeciallyrareUnitedStatescoinsarethe1804silverdollar,the1822five-dollargoldpiece,andthe1894silverdime.1.WhichofthefollowingstatementsmayNOTberightaboutthecoinsmadeinLydiaduringthereignofCroesus?2.TheauthorityspecificallymentionsallofthefollowingspecificfeaturesoftheSyracusedekadrachmEXCEPTits（

）.3.TheauthormakesitclearthattheSyracusandekadrachmandtheGermantalermentionedinthepassageare（

）.

4.LeonardodeVinciismentionedinthepassageinconnectionwith（

）.

5.Theauthormakesitclearthatcoinsmadebymachineare（

）.問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)A.TheywereissuedbythegovernmentB.TheyweregivenstandardvaluesC.TheywereallofequalpurityD.Theywereallalikeinshape問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)A.appearanceB.scarcityC.valueD.age問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)A.handmadeWesterncoinsB.worthaboutathousanddollarseachtodayC.madeoutofdifferentmetalsD.notedfortheircraftsmanship問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)A.thefirstgovernmentissueofcoinsB.theartisticaspectofcoinmakingC.coinsissuedinthesixteenthcenturyD.theproductionofuniformcoins問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)A.usuallyofgreatervaluethanhandmadecoinsB.moreuniforminsizeandshapethanhandmadecoinsC.availableinlargequantitiesthanhandmadecoinsD.generallysuperiorinworkmanshiptohandmadecoins7.單選題Hisexpenditureonholidaysandluxuriesisratherhighin（）tohisincome.問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)A.comparisonB.proportionC.associationD.calculation8.單選題Itsoonbecomesclearthattheinteriordesigner'smostimportantbasicconcernisthefunctionoftheparticular（

）.問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)A.circumstancesB.environmentC.surroundingsD.space9.單選題Thecat’shappyexpressionboretestimonythatithadeatenthe