經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)常用英語詞匯Aaccounting會計(jì)accountingcost會計(jì)成本accountingprofit會計(jì)利潤adverseselection逆向選擇allocation配置allocationofresources資源配置allocativeefficiency配置效率antitrustlegislation反托拉斯法arcelasticity弧彈性Assumption假設(shè)asymetricinformation非對稱性信息average平均averagecost平均成本averagecostpricing平均成本定價(jià)法averagefixedcost平均固定成本averageproductofcapital資本平均產(chǎn)量averageproductoflabour勞動平均產(chǎn)量averagerevenue平均收益averagetotalcost平均總成本averagevariablecost平均可變成本Bbarrierstoentry進(jìn)入壁壘baseyear基年bilateralmonopoly雙邊壟斷benefit收益blackmarket黑市blisspoint極樂點(diǎn)boundarypoint邊界點(diǎn)breakevenpoint收支相抵點(diǎn)budget預(yù)算budgetconstraint預(yù)算約束budgetline預(yù)算線budgetset預(yù)算集Ccapital資本capitalstock資本存量capitaloutputratio資本產(chǎn)出比率capitalism資本主義cardinalutilitytheory基數(shù)效用論cartel卡特爾ceterispuribusassumption“其他條件不變”的假設(shè)ceterispuribusdemandcurve其他因素不變的需求曲線Chamberlinmodel張伯倫模型changeindemand需求變化changeinquantitydemanded需求量變化changeinquantitysupplied供給量變化changeinsupply供給變化choice選擇closedset閉集Coasetheorem科斯定理cobwebmodel蛛網(wǎng)模型collectivebargaining集體協(xié)議工資collusion合謀commandeconomy指令經(jīng)濟(jì)commodity商品commoditycombination商品組合commoditymarket商品市場commodityspace商品空間commonproperty公用財(cái)產(chǎn)comparativestaticanalysis比較靜態(tài)分析compensatedbudgetline補(bǔ)償預(yù)算線compensateddemandfunction補(bǔ)償需求函數(shù)compensationprinciples補(bǔ)償原則compensatingvariationinincome收入補(bǔ)償變量competition競爭competitivemarket競爭性市場complementgoods互補(bǔ)品completeinformation完全信息completeness完備性conditionforefficiencyinproduction生產(chǎn)的最優(yōu)條件concave凹concavefunction凹函數(shù)concavepreference凹偏好consistence一致性constantcostindustry成本不變產(chǎn)業(yè)constantreturnstoscale規(guī)模報(bào)酬不變constraints約束consumer消費(fèi)者consumerbehavior消費(fèi)者行為consumerchoice消費(fèi)者選擇consumerequilibrium消費(fèi)者均衡consumeroptimization消費(fèi)者優(yōu)化consumerpreference消費(fèi)者偏好consumersurplus消費(fèi)者剩余consumertheory消費(fèi)者理論consumption消費(fèi)consumptionbundle消費(fèi)束consumptioncombination消費(fèi)組合consumptionpossibilitycurve消費(fèi)可能曲線consumptionpossibilityfrontier消費(fèi)可能性前沿consumptionset消費(fèi)集consumptionspace消費(fèi)空間continuity連續(xù)性continuousfunction連續(xù)函數(shù)contractcurve契約曲線convex凸convexfunction凸函數(shù)convexpreference凸偏好convexset凸集corporatlon公司cost成本costbenefitanalysis成本收益分costfunction成本函數(shù)costminimization成本極小化Cournotequilihrium古諾均衡Cross—priceelasticity交叉價(jià)格彈性Ddead—weightsloss重負(fù)損失decreasingcostindustry成本遞減產(chǎn)業(yè)decreasingreturnstoscale規(guī)模報(bào)酬遞減deduction演繹法demand需求demandcurve需求曲線demandelasticity需求彈性demandfunction需求函數(shù)demandprice需求價(jià)格demandschedule需求表depreciation折舊derivative導(dǎo)數(shù)derivedemand派生需求differenceequation差分方程differentialequation微分方程differentiatedgood差異商品differentiatedoligoply差異寡頭diminishingmarginalsubstitution邊際替代率遞減diminishingmarginalreturn收益遞減diminishingmarginalutility邊際效用遞減directapproach直接法directtaxes直接稅discounting貼稅、折扣diseconomiesofscale規(guī)模不經(jīng)濟(jì)disequilibrium非均衡distribution分配divisionoflabour勞動分工distributiontheoryofmarginalproductivity邊際生產(chǎn)率分配論duoupoly雙頭壟斷、雙寡duality對偶durablegoods耐用品dynamicanalysis動態(tài)分析dynamicmodels動態(tài)模型EEconomicagents經(jīng)濟(jì)行為者economiccost經(jīng)濟(jì)成本economicefficiency經(jīng)濟(jì)效率economicgoods經(jīng)濟(jì)物品economicman經(jīng)濟(jì)人economicmode經(jīng)濟(jì)模型economicprofit經(jīng)濟(jì)利潤economicregionofproduction生產(chǎn)的經(jīng)濟(jì)區(qū)域economicregulation經(jīng)濟(jì)調(diào)節(jié)economicrent經(jīng)濟(jì)租金exchange交換economics經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)exchangeefficiency交換效率economy經(jīng)濟(jì)exchangecontractcurve交換契約曲線economyofscale規(guī)模經(jīng)濟(jì)Edgeworthboxdiagram埃奇沃思圖exclusion排斥性、排他性Edgeworthcontractcurve埃奇沃思契約線Edgeworthmodel埃奇沃思模型efficiency效率，效益efficiencyparameter效率參數(shù)elasticity彈性elasticityofsubstitution替代彈性endogenousvariable內(nèi)生變量endowment稟賦endowmentofresources資源稟賦entrepreneur企業(yè)家entrepreneurship企業(yè)家才能entrybarriers進(jìn)入壁壘entry/exitdecision進(jìn)出決策envolopecurve包絡(luò)線equilibrium均衡equilibriumcondition均衡條件equilibriumprice均衡價(jià)格equilibriumquantity均衡產(chǎn)量eqity公平equivalentvariationinincome收入等價(jià)變量excess—capacitytheorem過度生產(chǎn)能力定理excesssupply過度供給exchange交換exchangecontractcurve交換契約曲線exclusion排斥性、排他性exclusionprinciple排他性原則existence存在性existenceofgeneralequilibrium總體均衡的存在性exogenousvariables外生變量expansionpaths擴(kuò)展徑expectation期望expectedutility期望效用expectedvalue期望值expenditure支出explicitcost顯性成本externalbenefit外部收益externalcost外部成本externaleconomy外部經(jīng)濟(jì)externaldiseconomy外部不經(jīng)濟(jì)externalities外部性FFactor要素factordemand要素需求factormarket要素市場factorsofproduction生產(chǎn)要素factorsubstitution要素替代factorsupply要素供給fallacyofcomposition合成謬誤finalgoods最終產(chǎn)品firm企業(yè)firms’demandcurveforlabor企業(yè)勞動需求曲線firmsupplycurve企業(yè)供給曲線parameter參數(shù)partialderivative偏導(dǎo)數(shù)partialequilibrium局部均衡patent專利payoffmatrix收益矩陣、支付矩陣perceiveddemandcurve感覺到的需求曲線perfectcompetition完全競爭perfectcomplement完全互補(bǔ)品perfectmonopoly完全壟斷perfectpricediscrimination完全價(jià)格歧視perfectsubstitution完全替代品perfectinelasticity完全無彈性perfectlyelastic完全有彈性perfectlyinelastic完全無彈性plantsize工廠規(guī)模pointelasticity點(diǎn)彈性positiveeconomics實(shí)證經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)prediction預(yù)測preference偏好preferencerelation偏好關(guān)系presentvalue現(xiàn)值price價(jià)格priceadjustmentmodel價(jià)格調(diào)整模型priceceiling最高限價(jià)priceconsumptioncurve價(jià)格費(fèi)曲線pricecontrol價(jià)格管制pricedifference價(jià)格差別pricediscrimination價(jià)格歧視priceelasticityofdemand需求價(jià)格彈性priceelasticityofsupply供給價(jià)格彈性pricefloor最低限價(jià)pricemaker價(jià)格制定者pricerigidity價(jià)格剛性priceseeker價(jià)格搜求者pricetaker價(jià)格接受者pricetax從價(jià)稅privatebenefit私人收益principal—agentissues委托--代理問題privatecost私人成本privategoods私人用品privateproperty私人財(cái)產(chǎn)producerequilibrium生產(chǎn)者均衡producertheory生產(chǎn)者理論product產(chǎn)品producttransformationcurve產(chǎn)品轉(zhuǎn)換曲線productdifferentiation產(chǎn)品差異productgroup產(chǎn)品集團(tuán)production生產(chǎn)productioncontractcurve生產(chǎn)契約曲線productionefficiency生產(chǎn)效率productionfunction生產(chǎn)函數(shù)productionpossibilitycurve生產(chǎn)可能性曲線productivity生產(chǎn)率productivityofcapital資本生產(chǎn)率productivityoflabor勞動生產(chǎn)率profit利潤profitfunction利潤函數(shù)profitmaximization利潤極大化propertyrights產(chǎn)權(quán)propertyrightseconomics產(chǎn)權(quán)經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)proposition定理proportionaldemandcurve成比例的需求曲線publicbenefits公共收益publicchoice公共選擇publicgoods公共商品purecompetition純粹競爭rivalry對抗性、競爭pureexchange純交換puremonopoly純粹壟斷Qquantity—adjustmentmodel數(shù)量調(diào)整模型quantitytax從量稅quasi—rent準(zhǔn)租金Rrateofproducttransformation產(chǎn)品轉(zhuǎn)換率rationality理性reactionfunction反應(yīng)函數(shù)regulation調(diào)節(jié)，調(diào)控relativeprice相對價(jià)格rent租金rentcontrol規(guī)模報(bào)酬rentseeking尋租rentseekingeconomics尋租經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)resource資源resourceallocation資源配置returns報(bào)酬、回報(bào)returnstoscale規(guī)模報(bào)酬revealedpreference顯示性偏好revenue收益revenuecurve收益曲線revenuefunction收益函數(shù)revenuemaximization收益極大化ridgeline脊線risk風(fēng)險(xiǎn)Ssatiation飽和，滿足saving儲蓄scarcity稀缺性lawofscarcity稀缺法則second—degreepricediscrimination二級價(jià)格歧視secondderivative--階導(dǎo)數(shù)second—ordercondition二階條件service勞務(wù)set集shadowprices影子價(jià)格short—run短期short—runcostcurve短期成本曲線short—runequilibrium短期均衡short—runsupplycurve短期供給曲線shutdowndecision關(guān)閉決策shortage短缺shutdownpoint關(guān)閉點(diǎn)singlepricemonopoly單一定價(jià)壟斷slope斜率socialbenefit社會收益socialcost社會成本socialindifferencecurve社會無差異曲線socialpreference社會偏好socialsecurity社會保障socialwelfarefunction社會福利函數(shù)socialism社會主義solution解space空間stability穩(wěn)定性stableequilibrium穩(wěn)定的均衡staticanalysis靜態(tài)分析stock存量stockmarket股票市場strategy策略subsidy津貼substitutes替代品substitutioneffect替代效應(yīng)substitutionparameter替代參數(shù)sufficientcondition充分條件supply供給supplycurve供給曲線supplyfunction供給函數(shù)supplyschedule供給表symmetry對稱性symmetryofinformation信息對稱Ttangency相切taste興致technicalefficiency技術(shù)效率technologicalconstraints技術(shù)約束technologicalprogress技術(shù)進(jìn)步technology技術(shù)third—degreepricedi