SectionⅣOtherPartsoftheModule[原文呈現(xiàn)][讀文清障]DizzyHeightsofSchoolBasketballBasketballisoneofthesafestsports.Unlikewrestling①orboxing②，it'snotusuallydangerous.Onereasonforthisis③thattheplayers'energyispartlydirectedupwards④，ata90-degreeangle⑤totheground,andovertheheadsoftheothers.Sothere'slessriskofacollision⑥betweentwoplayers.Inothersports,suchasbaseballandAmericanfootball,theplayers'energymovesparallel⑦tothegroundandtowardstheiropponents,sotheywearhelmetswhichgiveadequate⑧protectiontotheirheads⑨.Butalthoughbasketballplayerswearsocks⑩andsneakers?whicharespeciallydesignedto?absorb?energywhentheybound?intotheair,theywearnootherprotection,justavest?andshorts.Ifthereisanabrupt?changeofdirectionintheirenergy,fromvertical?tohorizontal?，suchaswhentheyaccelerate?acrossthecourt,bouncing?theball,thereisarealdangerofpersonalinjury.①wrestling/'reslI?/n.摔跤(運(yùn)動(dòng))②boxing/'b?ksI?/n.拳擊(運(yùn)動(dòng))③thattheplayers'energy...是表語從句。④upwards/'?pw?dz/adv.向上地⑤angle/'??ɡl/n.角，角度⑥collision/k?'lI?n/n.碰撞⑦parallel/'p?r?lel/adj.平行的，并行的⑧adequate/'?dIkw?t/adj.適當(dāng)?shù)?，足夠的，充分的⑨whichgiveadequate...是定語從句，修飾helmets。⑩sock/s?k/n.短襪?sneaker/'sni?k?/n.膠底運(yùn)動(dòng)鞋?bedesignedtodo被設(shè)計(jì)做?absorb/?b'z??b/v.消減，緩沖?bound/ba?nd/v.跳動(dòng)?vest/vest/n.內(nèi)衣背心；汗衫?abrupt/?'br?pt/adj.突出的，出其不意的?verticaladj.垂直的?horizontal/?h?rI'z?ntl/adj.水平的，與地平線平行的?accelerate/?k'sel??reIt/v.加快，加速?bounce/ba?ns/v.&n．(使球等)反彈，(使)彈回學(xué)校籃球令人眩暈的高度[第1～3段譯文]籃球是最平安的體育運(yùn)動(dòng)之一。不像摔跤和拳擊，通常它是沒有危急的。緣由之一是球員的力氣局部是向上的，與地面形成90度的角，而且在其他人頭部的上方。所以兩個(gè)球員之間碰撞的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)是比擬小的。在其他的運(yùn)動(dòng)中，比方棒球和美式足球，球員力氣的運(yùn)行方向與地面是平行的，并且朝著他們的對手，所以他們戴著給他們頭部充分愛護(hù)的頭盔。但是盡管籃球運(yùn)發(fā)動(dòng)穿著特地設(shè)計(jì)的用于緩沖跳動(dòng)時(shí)能量的短襪和膠底運(yùn)動(dòng)鞋，但他們沒有其他的愛護(hù)，只有一件背心和一條短褲。假如他們身體能量的方向有一個(gè)突然的轉(zhuǎn)變，從垂直到水平，比方當(dāng)他們運(yùn)球加速穿過球場時(shí)，造成人身損害的危急性會(huì)很大。Forexample,intheKentStateHighSchoolBasketballtournamenteq\o(○,\s\up1(21))，ChandlerHighwasplayingStMaryCentralandattheintervaleq\o(○,\s\up1(22))thescorewas50－StMaryhadappointedeq\o(○,\s\up1(23))acaptainwhowasnotatypicaleq\o(○,\s\up1(24))basketballplayer.Whereaseveryoneelsewastallandslimeq\o(○,\s\up1(25))withshorthaircuts,JoeJohannsenwasshortandstouteq\o(○,\s\up1(26))，withlonghairandalargebellyeq\o(○,\s\up1(27)).Buthewasreallyfast,andwhenheobtainedeq\o(○,\s\up1(28))controloftheball,hecouldmakeacircuiteq\o(○,\s\up1(29))ofthecourtandreachtheopposingteam'sboundaryeq\o(○,\s\up1(30))withinseconds.Anyhoweq\o(○,\s\up1(31))，twelveminutesintothesecondhalfeq\o(○,\s\up1(32))，F(xiàn)rankSackler,theChandlerstarplayer,madeacontroversialeq\o(○,\s\up1(33))passeq\o(○,\s\up1(34))overJoe'shead.Joesteppedasideeq\o(○,\s\up1(35))anddippedeq\o(○,\s\up1(36))hisheaddown.Sacklerbouncedoffhimandmittedeq\o(○,\s\up1(37))afouleq\o(○,\s\up1(38)).Therefereeinterruptedeq\o(○,\s\up1(39))thematch,andtherewasasuspensioneq\o(○,\s\up1(40))ofplay.ButJoewasunhurt,shotthepenaltyeq\o(○,\s\up1(41))，andthescorewas88－90.Therewerethreeminutestogoeq\o(○,\s\up1(42)).eq\o(○,\s\up1(21))tournament/'t??n?m?nt/n.錦標(biāo)賽，聯(lián)賽；競賽eq\o(○,\s\up1(22))interval/'Int?vl/n.(球賽的)中場休息eq\o(○,\s\up1(23))appoint/?'p?Int/v.任命，委派eq\o(○,\s\up1(24))typical/'tIpIkl/adj.典型的，具有代表性的，獨(dú)特的eq\o(○,\s\up1(25))slim/slIm/adj.苗條的，修長的eq\o(○,\s\up1(26))stout/sta?t/adj.(軀體)胖的，粗大的eq\o(○,\s\up1(27))belly/'beli/n.肚子，腹部eq\o(○,\s\up1(28))obtain/?b'teIn/v.獲得，得到eq\o(○,\s\up1(29))circuit/'s??kIt/n.環(huán)形eq\o(○,\s\up1(30))boundary/'ba?ndri/n.界限，范圍eq\o(○,\s\up1(31))anyhowadv.(用于轉(zhuǎn)換話題)無論如何，反正eq\o(○,\s\up1(32))thesecondhalf下半場eq\o(○,\s\up1(33))controversial/?k?ntr?'v???l/adj.有爭議的eq\o(○,\s\up1(34))makea...pass此處指“運(yùn)球通過〞。eq\o(○,\s\up1(35))aside/?'saId/adv.靠一邊，站到一邊eq\o(○,\s\up1(36))dip/dIp/v.下降eq\o(○,\s\up1(37))mit/k?'mIt/v.犯(錯(cuò)誤，罪行)eq\o(○,\s\up1(38))foul/fa?l/n.(運(yùn)動(dòng)競賽中的)犯規(guī)動(dòng)作eq\o(○,\s\up1(39))interruptvt.打斷，中止eq\o(○,\s\up1(40))suspension/s?'spen?n/n.暫停，中止eq\o(○,\s\up1(41))penalty/'penlti/n.(體育競賽中對犯規(guī)的)處分eq\o(○,\s\up1(42))Therebe...to……[第4～5段譯文]例如，在肯特州立高中籃球聯(lián)賽中，查得勒高中和圣·瑪麗中心學(xué)校競賽，中場休息時(shí)比分是50∶52。但是圣·瑪麗中心學(xué)校任命了一位非典型的籃球運(yùn)發(fā)動(dòng)擔(dān)當(dāng)隊(duì)長。其他每個(gè)人又高又瘦，留著短發(fā)，但喬·約翰遜又矮又胖，留著長頭發(fā)，還是大肚子?？墒撬拇_速度很快，當(dāng)他得到球的掌握權(quán)時(shí)，他能圍著球場跑一圈，且在數(shù)秒內(nèi)到達(dá)對方的邊界。然而，在下半場進(jìn)行到12分鐘時(shí)，弗蘭克·賽克勒，查得勒的明星球員，越過喬的頭做了一個(gè)有爭議的運(yùn)球。喬閃到一邊，低下了頭。賽克勒跳起來繞過他，犯了規(guī)。裁判中斷了競賽，球賽暫停。但是喬并沒有受傷，他罰了球，比分是88∶90，競賽還剩下3分鐘。Joeimmediatelytookpossessionofeq\o(○,\s\up1(43))theballandran,...andsuddenly80kiloseq\o(○,\s\up1(44))hittheChandlerstar,eq\o(○,\s\up1(45))whohowledeq\o(○,\s\up1(46))loudlyinpaineq\o(○,\s\up1(47))andfell，eq\o(○,\s\up1(48))withhisnosebleedingeq\o(○,\s\up1(49))andacutonhisleftcheekeq\o(○,\s\up1(50)).Foramoment,helayverystilleq\o(○,\s\up1(51))，andtherefereeevencheckedhispulseeq\o(○,\s\up1(52))，butsoonconfirmedeq\o(○,\s\up1(53))hewaswhenSacklerstooduphewasdizzyeq\o(○,\s\up1(54))，sotheyputabandageeq\o(○,\s\up1(55))roundeq\o(○,\s\up1(56))hishead,ablanketeq\o(○,\s\up1(57))roundhisshoulders,andcalledanambulanceeq\o(○,\s\up1(58))totakehimtothehospital.Joewasaconsiderateeq\o(○,\s\up1(59))guy,andapologisedeq\o(○,\s\up1(60))asSacklerleft,sniffingeq\o(○,\s\up1(61))andweepingeq\o(○,\s\up1(62))，eitherinpainorinfrustrationeq\o(○,\s\up1(63)).Chandlerscoredwitheq\o(○,\s\up1(64))thepenalty,andtheirteamworkeq\o(○,\s\up1(65))hadwonthematch.ButFrankSacklerstillhasthescareq\o(○,\s\up1(66))onhisfaceasasouvenirofthetournament.eq\o(○,\s\up1(43))takepossessionof占有，占據(jù)，擁有eq\o(○,\s\up1(44))80kilos此處指Joe的體重。eq\o(○,\s\up1(45))who引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句，修飾theChandlerstar。eq\o(○,\s\up1(46))howl/'ha?l/v.(因哀痛、苦痛、生氣而)不停地嚎哭；咆哮eq\o(○,\s\up1(47))inpain苦痛地eq\o(○,\s\up1(48))withhisnose...是伴隨狀語。eq\o(○,\s\up1(49))bleed/bli?d/v.(尤指因受傷而)流血，出血eq\o(○,\s\up1(50))cheek/t?i?k/n.臉頰，臉蛋eq\o(○,\s\up1(51))stilladv.靜止不動(dòng)地eq\o(○,\s\up1(52))pulse/p?ls/n.脈搏eq\o(○,\s\up1(53))confirm/k?n'f??m/v.(尤指通過供應(yīng)更多證據(jù))證明，進(jìn)一步確定eq\o(○,\s\up1(54))dizzy/'dIzi/adj.頭暈?zāi)垦５?，眩暈的eq\o(○,\s\up1(55))bandage/'b?ndId?/n.繃帶eq\o(○,\s\up1(56))put...round用……纏住eq\o(○,\s\up1(57))blanket/'bl??kIt/n.毯子，毛氈eq\o(○,\s\up1(58))ambulance/'?mbj?l?ns/n.搶救車eq\o(○,\s\up1(59))considerate/k?n'sIdr?t/adj.體諒的，考慮周到的eq\o(○,\s\up1(60))apologise/?'p?l??d?aIz/v.抱歉，謝罪eq\o(○,\s\up1(61))sniff/snIf/v.(短促有聲地)以鼻吸氣eq\o(○,\s\up1(62))weep/wI?p/v.哭泣，流淚eq\o(○,\s\up1(63))frustration/fr?'streI?n/n.挫折，絕望，失意eq\o(○,\s\up1(64))scorewith因……而得分eq\o(○,\s\up1(65))teamwork/'ti?m?w??k/n.合作，協(xié)作，協(xié)作eq\o(○,\s\up1(66))scar/ska?/n.(傷)疤[第6～7段譯文]喬馬上抓住球跑起來，……突然他80千克的體重撞到了查得勒的明星球員，這位球員疼得大叫起來，摔倒在地上，他的鼻子流著血，左臉頰上有道傷口。有一段時(shí)間，他躺在地上一動(dòng)不動(dòng)，裁判甚至檢查了他的脈搏，不過很快確定他沒事。但是當(dāng)賽克勒站起來時(shí)他感到頭暈?zāi)垦?，所以他們用繃帶纏住他的頭，用毯子裹住他的雙肩，然后叫了輛搶救車把他送往醫(yī)院。喬是一個(gè)很愛護(hù)的小伙子，在賽克勒離開時(shí)他不停地抱歉，同時(shí)抽泣著，或許由于苦痛，或許由于失意。查得勒由于罰球而得分，他們靠合作贏得了這場競賽。但是弗蘭克·賽克勒臉上仍留著疤痕，作為這次聯(lián)賽的紀(jì)念。Step1Readthepassageandanswerthefollowingquestions.(PassageonP9)1．WhatdoestheheadcoachoftheteamthinkofYaoMing?答案：Heisaselflessandkindperson.2．IfYaoMingwantstobeastar,whatdoeshehavetodo?答案：Hehastobemoreaggressiveandtoberudetohisteammatesifnecessary.3．IsthereanythingYaoMingisnotveryusedto？Whatisit?答案：isnotusedtobeingimpoliteandselfish.Step2Choosethebestanswersaccordingtothepassage.(PassageonP11)1．Basketballisoneofthesafestsportsbecause.A．thedirectionoftheplayers'energymeansthereislesschanceofacollisionB．theplayersarewell-protectedC．theplayersmakeabruptchangesofdirectionD．theplayersaccelerateacrossthecourt,bouncingtheball2．Accordingtothewriter,atypicalbasketballplayerwouldbe.A．a(chǎn)bletoaccelerateandbouncetheballatthesametimeB．fastandweighingabout80kilosC．tallandslimD．shortandstout3．Thefoulwascausedby.A．therefereeinterruptingthematchB．SacklerpassingtheballoverJoe'sheadC．JoeloweringhisheadD．SacklerfallingoverJoe4．TherefereethoughtSacklerwasseriouslyinjuredbecause.A．JoeranintohimB．Sackler'snosewasbleedingandhelayverystillC．SacklerwasdizzywhenhestoodupD．theyputabandageroundhishead,ablanketroundhisshoulders,andcalledanambulance答案：1～4ACBBStep3True(T)orFalse(F)．(PassageonP13)1．RugbyiscalledfootballinAmericanow.T2．Therewere20peopleplayingfootballineachteam800yearsago.F3．Ateacher,Naismithcreatedamovement,whichlaterbecamethepopularbasketballgame.T4．WilliamWebbElliswrotetherulesforbaseball.F5．Theexactoriginofbasketballisunknown.F一、這樣記單詞記得準(zhǔn)·寫得對記得快·記得多Ⅰ.根底詞匯1.instantadj.馬上的2.hitn.熱門人物3.nationwideadj.全國各地的4.adequateadj.適當(dāng)?shù)?，足夠的，充分?.acceleratev.加快，加速6.typicaladj.典型的，具有代表性的；獨(dú)特的7.slimadj.苗條的，修長的8.obtainv.獲得，得到9.controversialadj.有爭議的10.asideadv.靠一邊，站到一邊11.bleedv.(尤指因受傷而)流血，出血12.cheekn.臉頰，臉蛋13mitv.犯(錯(cuò)誤，罪行)14.weepv.哭泣，流淚15.teamworkn.合作，協(xié)作，協(xié)作16.basisn.根底；依據(jù)Ⅱ.拓展詞匯1.popularityn．流行；普及→popularadj.流行的；普及的2.relyv．信任；信任→reliableadj.可信任的；牢靠的3.selfishadj.自私的；自私自利的→selfishnessn．自私→selflessadj.無私的4.naturen．性格；本性；天性→naturaladj.自然的；本性的；本質(zhì)的5.appointv．任命；委派→appointmentn．任命6.confirmv．(尤指通過供應(yīng)更多證據(jù))證明；進(jìn)一步確定→confirmationn．證明；證明7.considerateadj.體諒的，考慮周到的→considerv．考慮；認(rèn)為→considerationn．考慮；斟酌8.apologisev．抱歉；謝罪→apologyn．抱歉9.frustrationn．挫折，絕望，失意→frustratev．使受挫，使絕望1.acceleratev．加快，加速[同義]①quickenv．(使)變快，(使)加快②hurryv.匆忙，督促，抓緊③rushv.沖，奔，倉促行事④speedv.加速，急行adj.典型的，具有代表性的；獨(dú)特的[詞塊]①atypicalcharacter典型人物②betypicalof是……的特點(diǎn)v．獲得，得到[聯(lián)想]①acquirevt.獲得，學(xué)到，取得②attainv.實(shí)現(xiàn)，獲得，到達(dá)③earnv.賺的，贏得，獲得④gainv.獲得，到達(dá)，增加adj.有爭議的[詞塊]①becontroversialabout對……有爭議②acontroversialissue引起爭辯的問題n．臉頰，臉蛋[聯(lián)想]checkv.檢查，核對n．合作，協(xié)作，協(xié)作[聯(lián)想]teammaten.隊(duì)友n．根底；依據(jù)[同義]①basen.底部，基地，根底②foundationn.根基，根底，建立[聯(lián)想]①crisisn.危機(jī)②thesisn.論文[比擬]①base所指的“根底〞是詳細(xì)的②basis所指的“根底〞是抽象的v．信任；信任[聯(lián)想]dependvi.依靠，依靠，取決于二、這樣記短語記堅(jiān)固定短語多積常用詞塊than多于on依靠；依靠thetime始終up撫養(yǎng)；培育；教育rudeto對……粗魯usedto習(xí)慣于(某事物)sb.'sattentionto引起某人留意(某事物)possessionof占有，占據(jù)，擁有...to...把……固定/粘/系在……上basedon依據(jù)，以……為根底thisway用這種方法necessary假如有必要的話hisnature他的本性instanthit馬上走紅theteamfirst把團(tuán)隊(duì)放在第一位first起初a90-degreeangle成90度的角theinterval在中場休息時(shí)werethreeminutestogo還剩下三分鐘frustration失意地三、這樣記句式先背熟再悟通后仿用dothis,hetoldYaotobemoreaggressiveand,ifnecessary,toberudetohisteammates.要想做到這一點(diǎn)，他告知姚明要更富有攻擊性，假如必要的話，對他的隊(duì)友粗魯一些。ifnecessary“假如必要的話〞，為省略結(jié)構(gòu)，補(bǔ)充完整應(yīng)為ifitwasnecessary。Ifnecessary,Icangoshoppingwithyou.假如有必要的話，我可以跟你一起去購物。2.Onereasonforthisisthattheplayers'energyispartlydirectedupwards...緣由之一是球員的力氣局部是向上的……onereasonfor...isthat...“……的緣由之一是……〞。Onereasonforhissuccessisthatheworkedhard.他勝利的緣由之一是他勤奮工作。3....andsuddenly80kiloshittheChandlerstar,whohowledloudlyinpainandfell,withhisnosebleedingandacutonhisleftcheek.……突然他80千克的體重撞到了查得勒的明星球員，這位球員疼得大叫起來，摔倒在地上，他的鼻子流著血，左臉頰上有道傷口。“with＋賓語＋賓補(bǔ)〞的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)，賓語是hisnose和acut,賓補(bǔ)是現(xiàn)在分詞bleeding和介詞短語onhisleftcheek。Withtimegoingby,herealizedwhatwasthemostimportantinhislife.隨著時(shí)間的消逝，他才意識(shí)到他生命中最重要的東西是什么。1．(教材P8)TheChicagoBullsusedtorelytoomuchonMichaelJordan.芝加哥公牛隊(duì)過去太依靠邁克爾·喬丹了。relyon信任；依靠；依靠relyon/upon＋sb./sth.(＋for...) 希望某人/某物(以獵取……)relyon/upon＋(one's)doingsth. 信任/希望某人做某事relyon/upon＋sb.＋todosth. 信任/希望某人做某事relyon/upon＋itthat... 信任……①Theyhavetorelyontheriverfortheirwater.他們只好依靠這條河用水。②Youcanrelyonhimtorespond(respond)toachallenge.你可以信任他知道如何迎接挑戰(zhàn)。③Youmayrelyonitthattheworkwillbefinishedaheadoftime.你可以放心，這項(xiàng)工作將提前完成。2．(教材P9)WhenhefirstarrivedintheUS,Yaowasaninstanthitamongbasketballfansnationwide.當(dāng)他第一次到時(shí)，姚明馬上成了全國籃球迷中的熱門人物。instantadj.馬上的；緊急的；(食品)速食的，便利的n.[常sing.]瞬間，剎那foraninstant 一會(huì)兒，一時(shí)instantly/theinstant 一……就……①Thefloodvictimswereininstantneedofhelp.洪災(zāi)難民急需救助。②Hestoodforaninstantwithhishandstillraised.他仍舉著手站了一會(huì)兒。③Theinstanthegottothestation,thetrainleft.他一到車站，火車就離開了。3．(教材P9)I'mnotquiteusedtoityet.我還很不習(xí)慣。be/beeusedto習(xí)慣于(某事物)①Iwasn'tusedtocitylife,butnowIhavegotusedtolivinginthiscity.我以前不習(xí)慣都市生活，但現(xiàn)在已習(xí)慣于住在這個(gè)城市了。②Ihavebeeusedtogetting(get)upearlyinthemorning.我已習(xí)慣早起。[名師點(diǎn)津]beusedto短語中to為介詞，后接名詞、代詞或動(dòng)名詞，be可換為get/bee，相當(dāng)于beaccustomedto。[辨析比擬]usedto,beusedto,beusedtodousedto意為“過去常常(現(xiàn)在已不再這樣了)〞，usedtodosth.“過去常常做某事〞beusedto意為“習(xí)慣于〞，to是介詞，其后接名詞、代詞或動(dòng)名詞，即beusedto(doing)(做)某事beusedtodo意為“被用來做……〞，是usedo的被動(dòng)語態(tài)，其中不定式表示目的選用上述詞語填空I③usedtoplayfootballontheplayground,butnowI④amusedtoreadinginthelibraryandtheknowledgeIgetcan⑤beusedtoequipmyself.4．(教材P9)Ilikethefactthatthearticledrawsattentionto...我寵愛這篇文章讓人們留意……drawsb.'sattentionto...引起某人留意(某事物)give/payattentionto 留意……，傾聽……attract/catchsb.'sattention 吸引某人的留意力callsb.'sattention 讓某人留意……concentrate/fix/focusone'sattentionon 用心于bringsb.'sattention 使某人留意某事①Anarticleinthenewspaperdrewmyattention.報(bào)紙上的一篇文章引起了我的留意。②Herattentionwasfixedontheputeranddidn'tnoticemying.她的留意力集中在電腦上，沒有留意到我來。③You'rejustlookingfortroubleifyoubringittohisattention.假如讓他留意到這件事，你純粹是自找麻煩。5．(教材P11)Butalthoughbasketballplayerswearsocksandsneakerswhicharespeciallydesignedtoabsorbenergywhentheyboundintotheair,theywearnootherprotection,justavestandshorts.但是盡管籃球運(yùn)發(fā)動(dòng)穿著特地設(shè)計(jì)的用于緩沖跳動(dòng)時(shí)能量的短襪和膠底運(yùn)動(dòng)鞋，但他們沒有其他的愛護(hù)，只有一件背心和一條短褲。absorbv．消減，緩沖；汲取(液體、氣體或其他物質(zhì)等)；吸引，使并入；理解，把握；汲取(食物、思想、文化等)(1)absorbone'sattention 吸引某人的留意力(2)absorbingadj. 特別吸引人的；引人入勝的(3)absorbedadj. 精神集中的beabsorbedin 用心致志于，全神貫注于beabsorbedinto... 被汲取(納入)……①Plantsabsorbcarbondioxidefromtheairandmoisturefromthesoil.植物從空氣中汲取二氧化碳，從泥土中汲取水分。②Thefactthatthelargerfirmabsorbedthesmalleroneabsorbedhim.(absorb)那家大公司吞并了那家小公司的事情吸引了他的留意。③KevinwasabsorbedinthecartoonMickey&Donald.凱文全神貫注于卡通片?米老鼠和唐老鴨?。[聯(lián)想發(fā)散]beabsorbedin意為“全神貫注于〞，類似的短語還有：①belostin 深思②bedevotedto 獻(xiàn)身于③beburiedin 埋頭于6．(教材P11)ButStMaryhadappointedacaptainwhowasnotatypicalbasketballplayer.但是圣·瑪麗中心學(xué)校任命了一位非典型的籃球運(yùn)發(fā)動(dòng)擔(dān)當(dāng)隊(duì)長。appointv．任命，委派；商定(時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)等)(1)appointbe/as... 任命/委任某人為……appointdosth. 指定某人做某事(2)appointmentn. 商定；約會(huì)have/makeanappointment 約會(huì)keep/breakone'sappointment 守/違約①isacarefulandexperiencedengineer,soheisoftenappointedtofinishsomechallengingtasks.布萊克先生是一位既細(xì)心又有閱歷的工程師，所以他常常被委任去完成一些具有挑戰(zhàn)性的任務(wù)。②You'retobeappointedasSalesManager!Congratulations!你將被任命為銷售部經(jīng)理，慶賀你！③Pleasemakeanappointmentwithmysecretary.請跟我秘書預(yù)約。7．(教材P11)Sacklerbouncedoffhimandmittedafoul.賽克勒跳起來繞過他，犯了規(guī)。mitv．犯(錯(cuò)誤，罪行)；承諾(1)mitanerror 犯錯(cuò)誤mitacrime 犯罪mitsuicide 自殺eq\b\lc\\rc\}(\a\vs4\al\co1(mitoneself/sb.todoingsth.,mitoneself/sb.todosth.)) eq\a\vs4\al(某人承諾,做某事)(2)mitmentn. 承諾makeamitmentto(do)sth. 承諾(做)某事①Heaccusedthemanofhavingmittingacrime.他指控那個(gè)人有罪。②Bothsidesmittedthemselvestosettling(settle)thedisputepeacefully.雙方承諾和平解決爭端。③Wemadeamitmenttokeep(keep)workingtogether.我們承諾一起連續(xù)工作。8．(教材P11)Joeimmediatelytookpossessionoftheballandran,...喬馬上抓住球跑起來……takepossessionof占有，占據(jù)，擁有inpossessionof 占有inthepossessionofsb. 為某人所擁有eintosb.'spossession＝eintothepossessionofsb.落入某人之手，為某人全部①Youcan'ttakepossessionofthehouseuntilallthepapershavebeensigned.全部文件都簽好之后房子才歸你全部。②Theiropponentswereinpossessionoftheballformostofthematch.他們的對手在競賽的大局部時(shí)間里掌握著球。③Therarediamondisnowinthepossessionofawealthyman.那顆稀有的鉆石現(xiàn)在為一位富翁全部。④Onherfather'sdeath,avastfortunecameintoherpossession.她在父親死后繼承了巨額財(cái)產(chǎn)。[名師點(diǎn)津]inpossessionof與inthepossessionof僅差一個(gè)定冠詞the，但意義卻相反。用法類似的還有：inchargeof負(fù)責(zé)；inthechargeof在……的負(fù)責(zé)下。9．(教材P11)Joewasaconsiderateguy,andapologisedasSacklerleft,sniffingandweeping,eitherinpainorinfrustration.喬是一個(gè)很愛護(hù)的小伙子，在賽克勒離開時(shí)他不停地抱歉，同時(shí)抽泣著，或許由于苦痛，或許由于失意。apologisev．抱歉，謝罪(1)apologisetosb. 向某人抱歉apologisefor(doing)sth. 為(做了)某事抱歉apologisetodoingsth. 為做了某事向某人抱歉(2)apologyn．[C] 抱歉，認(rèn)錯(cuò)makeanapologytosb.forsth. 因某事向某人抱歉①Imustapologisefornotbeingabletomeetyou.我由于沒能接你而向你抱歉。②Heapologisedtoherfornotgoingtoherparty.他因未出席她的派對向她表示歉意。③Youmustmakeanapologytohimforyourfault.你必需為你的過失向他賠罪。10．(教材P13)Theexactoriginofbaseballisunknown,butitisprobablybasedonanoldEnglishgamecalledrounders.棒球的確切起源無人知曉，但它可能是以英國的一項(xiàng)被稱為“圓場棒球〞的嬉戲?yàn)楦椎?。bebasedon依據(jù)，以……為根底(1)basev． 以……為基地basesth.on/uponsth. 以……為根底(2)basen. 基地；根底(3)basisn. 根底；依據(jù)onthebasisof 以……為依據(jù)①Judgmentshouldbebasedonfacts,notonhearsay.推斷應(yīng)當(dāng)以事實(shí)為依據(jù)，而不應(yīng)當(dāng)依靠道聽途說。②Edisonbasedhisideasonscientificexperiments.愛迪生把他的想法建立在科學(xué)試驗(yàn)的根底上。③Ourproductsarepricedonthebasisofreasonableprofit.我們的產(chǎn)品定價(jià)是以合理利潤為根底的。Todothis,hetoldYaotobemoreaggressiveand,ifnecessary,toberudetohisteammates.要想做到這一點(diǎn)，他告知姚明要更富有攻擊性，假如有必要的話，對他的隊(duì)友粗魯一些。(1)ifnecessary“假如必要的話〞，是一個(gè)省略句，補(bǔ)充完整應(yīng)為ifitwasnecessary。(2)在條件狀語從句中，當(dāng)從句的主語是it，謂語動(dòng)詞中又含有be動(dòng)詞時(shí)，可以把it和be動(dòng)詞一起省略，常構(gòu)成“if＋形容詞〞的結(jié)構(gòu)。常見的有：ifnecessary 假如必要的話ifconvenient 假如便利的話ifpossible 假如可能的話ifany 假如有的話ifnot 假如不的話ifso 假如這樣的話ifever 假如曾經(jīng)有過的話①Ifthestepsyoutakeareworking,keepitup.Ifnot,takeanotherlookatothermethodsyoucouldtry.(2017·全國卷Ⅲ)假如你實(shí)行的這些措施有用就連續(xù)下去。假如不這樣的話，看一看你能嘗試的其他方法。②Beingkindtoothersshouldbeeveryone'sprincipleoflife.Ifso,ourworldwillbemorepeacefulandbeautiful.對人友善應(yīng)當(dāng)是每個(gè)人的生活準(zhǔn)那么。假如這樣的話，我們的世界將會(huì)更加和平和漂亮。③Ifpossible,I'mgoingtovisitsomehomesfortheoldinthecity.假如有可能的話，我將去探望市里的幾家敬老院。(3)其他狀語從句省略的狀況：當(dāng)從句的主語和主句的主語全都時(shí)，假設(shè)從句的謂語動(dòng)詞是be動(dòng)詞或包含be的某種形式，此時(shí)從句的主語和be動(dòng)詞通?？梢砸煌÷?。常見于以下幾種形式：連詞＋形容詞/名詞/現(xiàn)在分詞/過去分詞/不定式/介詞短語等。④Workhardwhen(youare)young,oryou'llregret.少壯不努力，老大徒傷悲。⑤While(shewas)walking(walk)alongtheriverbank,shewassingingapopsong.她沿著河堤邊走邊唱著流行歌曲。⑥Hestoodupasif(hewere)tosay(say)something.他站起來好似要說什么。[名師點(diǎn)津]狀語從句省略歌訣省略句，真簡單，符合兩條就可以；從句謂語含有be，兩句主語一樣的；從句假設(shè)有itbe，照樣省去不遲疑；選擇-ed或-ing，主動(dòng)被動(dòng)看認(rèn)真。Ⅰ.單句語法填空1．Wheninformed(inform)ofaseriousproblem,agoodmanagerwilltakecorrectivemeasuresratherthanignoreit.2．Shesawasmallriverwithgreengrassandredflowersonbothsides.3．Thesuccessofthisprojectrelieson/uponeveryonetomakeaneffort.4．Heshookmebythehandandweopenedaconversationinstantly(instant)．5．—Youwillgotowork?Whynottakemycar?—No,thanks.I'musedtowalking(walk)．6．Peopletodaymakechoicesoftheirdietsbased(base)onwhattheybelieve.7．PartofthereasonwhyCharlesDickenslovedhisownnovel,DavidCopperfield,wasthatitwasrathercloselymodeledonhisownlife.8．Theoldcoupleoftentakeawalkaftersupperintheparkwiththeirpetdogfollowing(follow)them.9．Yourrudenesstohimisterrible,forwhichyoushouldapologisetohim.10．Bothsidesmittedthemselves(they)topushingforwardthisvitallyimportantrelationshipbetweenourtwocountries.Ⅱ.完成句子1．Parentsshouldtellthechildtomakeanapology/apologizetoothers(向別人抱歉)whenhedoessomethingwrongtothem.2．Doyouknowwhomthehousewasinthepossessionof(被……擁有)tenyearsago?3．Shewavedtoattracttheattentionofthewaitress(吸引女侍者的留意)．4．IpromiseIcanfinishmyworktoday.Ifnot(假如不的話),youcanpunishme.5．Heisusedtodoing(習(xí)慣做)thatworklittlebylittle.6．Shewassoabsorbedinherjob(如此專注于工作)thatshedidn'thearanybodyknockingatthedoor.一、全練語言點(diǎn)，基穩(wěn)才能樓高[本課語言點(diǎn)針對練習(xí)]Ⅰ.單詞拼寫1．Plantsabsorb(汲取)mineralsandothernutrientsfromthesoil.2．Youcanalsoobtain(得到)knowledgethroughpractice.3．Itistypical(典型的)ofmostnewtechnologiesthattheyoungergenerationisquicktoadoptthem.4．Theoldmanhadnobreathwhentheambulance(搶救車)reachedthehospital.5．Thoughweweep(哭泣)throughthenight,joywilleinthemorning.6．Unemploymenthasbeenanationwide(全國各地的)probleminthelastfewyears.7．Youngpeopleoftendrinkinstant(速溶的)coffeeintheoffice.8．Onecannotescapebeingpunishedifhemits(犯罪)crimes.9．200dollarsamonthisnotadequate(足夠的)tosupportthewholefamily.10．Middleschoolstudentshadbetterreadtheversions(改編本)inChinese.Ⅱ.單句改錯(cuò)1.Heusedtogoingswimminginsummer.Nowheisusedtorunning.going→go2．Theguidedrewourattentiononthemagnificentcarveddesk.on→to3．Hemadeapologytomeforhurtingmyfeelings.made后加an4．Theprogressofthesocietyisbaseonharmony.base→based5．Youcannotlegallytakethepossessionofthepropertyuntilthreeweeksafterthecontractissigned.去掉第一個(gè)theⅢ.選詞填空ifnecessary，makeamitment，haveanappointment，allthetime，berudeto1．IhaveanappointmentwithDr.Smith,butIneedtochangeit.2．Itwouldberudetoremarkuponherappearance.3．Remembertokeepanotebookathandallthetime.4．Theywerereadytodie,ifnecessary,fortheircountry.5．Imadeamitmenttohimtopayoffallofthedebt.[本單元語言點(diǎn)溫故練習(xí)]Ⅰ.單句語法填空1．It'shealthiertoreleasefrustration(frustrate)thantobottleitup.2．Youmightbeathoughtmoreconsiderate(consider)ofotherpeople.3．Amanisnotborninpossessionofknowledge.4．Imadeanapology(apologise)tohimformymisunderstandingofhiskindness.5．Asrainhasfallen,thegoodscannotbeshipped(ship)．6．Asweknow,readingbookswidelycanwiden(wide)yourknowledge.7．Iwasthefirsttoarrive(arrive)attheinnandgotthepickofrooms.8．Whendeeplyabsorbed(absorb)inwork,whichheoftenwas,hewouldforgetallabouteatingorsleeping.9．Hisforeignfriendhasbeeusedtoliving(live)inChina.10．Todoherjustice,wemustadmitthatshediddeservetowin(win)．Ⅱ.完成句子1．Theinstantthebusstopped(公共汽車一停下來),aboutfiftypeopletriedtocrushin.2．Atthebeginningofthestudytherunnersranforaboutfourhoursaweekonaverage(平均)．3．Thereisnodoubtthat(毫無疑問)ithasitsnegativeeffectsaswellaspositiveeffects.4．Imightbeawaynextweek.Ifso(假如這樣的話)Iwon'tbeabletoseeyou.5．Hisstoryisbasedon(以……為根底)hisownexperiencewhenheservedinthearmyintheSecondWorldWar.6．ThePresidentismittedtoreforming(承諾要)healthcare.7．Childrenmustattendschool(上學(xué))betweentheagesof5and16.8.Peoplevaryintaste(在愛好方面不同);somelovemusic,someenjoytakingpictures,andstillothersarefondofclimbingmountains.9．Ifwedon'tconcentrateourattentiononourwork(用心于我們的工作)we'llmakeamistake.10．Hewasappointedas(被任命為)theimageambassadorofthecharityactivity.二、勤練高考題型，多練自能生巧Ⅰ.閱讀理解Thediscussiononrenewableenergyhasbeengoingonforatleastadecadeandpeoplehavereliedonfossilfuelsalmostentirelyformorethana,thesituationwhenfossilfuelswerethemostefficientandthecheapestsourceofenergyhasbeenleftfarinthecountriessuchasGermanyandSwedenhavealreadymadesignificanteffortstofixthissituation,employingnumerouspowerplantsworkingontherenewableresourcesofmosteffectiveamongtheseresourcesisgeothermal(地?zé)岬?energy.Geothermalenergydoesnotdependontheworld'seconomicandpoliticalsituationasstronglyasfossilfuels,extracting(提煉)fossilfuelsaddsuptothepriceofenergyproducedfrom,geothermalenergyismuchcheaperthantraditionalones,savingupto80%ofthecostsoverfossilfuels.Beingarenewableresource,geothermalenergyproduceslesswasteandpollutionthantraditionalenergygeothermalsystems,carbondioxidemakesupabout10%ofair,inordertoproducetheelectricitythatcanbeusedforonehour,thegeothermalsystemsproducepoundofcarbondioxideandotherharmfulaparison,apowerplantproducingelectricityfromgasproducesupto2poundsofcarbondioxideintotheatmosphere,andthosepowerplantsthatworkoncoal(煤)produceanastonishingpoundsofgreenhousegases.Lowcostsmakeanotherreasonwhyusinggeothermalpowerplantsshouldbethefirstchoiceformanyheatsystemsrequire25%to50%lessenergyforworkparedwiththetraditionalsystemsforheatingor,geothermalequipmentislessbulky:duetotheverynatureofgeothermalenergy,geothermalpowerplantshaveonlyafewmovingparts,allofwhichcanbeeasilyshelteredinsidearelativelysmallbuilding.What'smore,thelifespanofgeothermalequipmentisratherthesemakegeothermalpowerstationseasytobuildandkeep.語篇解讀：地?zé)嶙鳛樘貏e重要的可再生清潔能源，將會(huì)給人們帶來巨大的好處。1．Fossilfuelsaremoreexpensivethangeothermalenergypartlybecause.A．fossilfuelsarenearlyusedupB．itisfreetousegeothermalenergyC．theproductionoffossilfuelscostsalotD．geothermalenergydoesn'tdependonpoliticalsituation解析：選C細(xì)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)其次段其次句“Besides,extractin