名校2023版高考英語閱讀理解訓練含答案[2021·上海靜安區二模卷]ARCHAEOLOGISTS(考古學家)GUIDEDBYlaserimagesofaremoteregionofnorthernGuatemalahavediscovered20foothighwalls,watchtowers,andotherevidencethatancientMayasocietieshadbeenannoyedbywarfarethreatovermanyyears.

Thefindshaveupendedlongestablishedimpressionsofacivilizationthatittamedthejungleandbuiltthrivingcities，thendeclinedanddisappearedquietlybeneaththedensetropicalforest.AmongthemostsurprisingdiscoverieswasalargestonecomplexnowcalledLaCuemavilla.Builtonasteepridge,theheavily

fortified

siteincludedhighwalls.Moatswhichservesasthelargestdefensivesystemeverdiscoveredintheregion.Thiswassurprisingsaysanarchaeologist,“becausewehadatendencytoromanticizeMayawarfareassomethingthatwaslargelyritualized.

Butthe

fortifications

wereseeingsuggestanelevatedlevelof

antagonism

overcenturies.Rulersweresodeeplyalarmedthattheyfelttheneedtoinvestinallthesehilltopfortifications.Thereisanalmostvisiblesenseoffearinthislandscape.”AllthesefindingsowecredittoPACUNAMLIDARInitiative,alasersurveyofsome800squaremilesoftheMayaBiosphereReserveinnorthernGuatemala.UsingrevolutionaryLasertechnology,thesurveyrevealedthelonghiddenruinsofasprawlingpreColumbiancivilizationthatwasfarmorecomplexandinterconnectedthanmostMayaspecialistshadsupposed.GuidedbythenewLasertreasuremaps,theLIDARteamdeployedthroughthejungleoverthepastyeartoconducthandsoninvestigationsofmorethanadozenofthemostpromisingsites,mostofwhichwouldhavebeenimperceptiblewithoutLIDAR.“Youcouldwalkoverthetopofamajorruinandmissit,”saysanarchaeologistwho'spartofthePACUNAproject.ButLIDARpicksupthepatternsandmakesthefeaturespopoutwithsurprisingclarity.ThreedimensionalmapsgeneratedbythesurveyyieldedsurprisesevenatTikal,thelargestandmostextensivelyexploredarchaeologicalsiteinGuatemala.Theancientcitywasatleastfourtimesbiggerthanpreviouslythought,andsurroundedbyamassiveditchandfortifiedbasestretchingformiles.ArchaeologistsstressthatLIDAR,forallits

utility,willneverseebelowthegroundoryielddirectdatesof

occupation.Westillneedtodigandhackourwaythroughthe

jungle,butnowwehaveavery

accurate

maptoguideus.5．HowdidpeoplethinkofMayabeforethediscoveryofthedefenseruins?A．Itwasthemostadvancedcivilizationinthehistoryofmankind.B．Itwaslongunderthethreatoflargescalewars.C．Itsriseanddeclinewereunderwaypeacefully.D．Itwasfinallydestroyedbyalargescalewar.6．Theunderlinedword

antagonism

isclosestinmeaningto________.A．miseryB．revolutionC．populationdecreaseD．opposition7．WhichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUEaccordingtothepassage?A．ThemilitarymechanismfoundinLaCuemavillawasintendedforoccupyingmorelands.B．Thenewlasertechnologywasmainlyusedtoenlargetheoriginalsitesize.C．TheLIDARhelpstoavoidthetraditionaldiggingtaskinsiteexploration.D．TheTikalsitewasfoundtobeprotectedbycertaindefenseworks.8．Thepassageismainlyabout________.A．people'slongtimemisunderstandingofMayacivilizationB．discoveryofMayamilitaryworksaidedbynewexploretechnologyC．thefindingofabigwarfareresultinginthedisappearanceofMayacivilizationD．Thevariousadvantagesofnewtechnologiesinthefieldofarchaeology[2021·淄博一模卷]LawrenceFerlinghetti,thepoet,publisher,painter,socialactivistandbookstoreowner,hasbeenSanFrancisco'shonoredpoet.Heturns100thismonth,andthecityismakingpreparationstocelebratehiminstyle.ReadingsandperformancesandanopenhousewilltakeplaceatCityLights,thesacredbookstoreheco－foundedin1953.OnMarch24,1919,LawrenceFerlinghettiwasborninYonkers,NewYork.AfterspendinghisearlychildhoodinFrance,hereceivedhisBAfromtheUniversityofNorthCarolina,anMAfromColumbiaUniversity,andaPhDfromtheSorbonne.Heistheauthorofmorethanthirtybooksofpoetry,including

Poetry

as

Insurgent

Art;A

Coney

Island

of

the

Mind.Hehastranslatedtheworksofanumberofpoets,includingNicanorParra,JacquesPrevert,andPierPaoloPasolini.Inadditiontopoetry,heisalsotheauthorofmorethaneightplaysandthreenovels,including

Little

Boy:A

Novel,Love

in

the

Days

of

Rage

and

Her.In1953,FerlinghettiandPeterMartinopenedtheCityLightsbookstoreinSanFrancisco,California.ItbecameanervecenterfortheBeatsandotherwriters.AllenGinsberg,JackKerouacandotherwritersfromthaterawereEasternerswhodroppedintoSanFranciscoforaspell.In2001itwasmadeanofficialhistoriclandmark.NowCityLightsisalmostcertainlythebestbookstoreintheUnitedStates.It'sfilledwithseriousworldliteratureofallkinds.IfCityLightsisaSanFranciscoinstitution,Ferlinghettihimselfisasmuchofone.Hehasloomedoverthecity'sliterarylife.Asapoet,he'sneverbeenacriticalfavorite.Buthisflexibleandplain－spokenandoftenpowerfulwork—hehaspublishedmorethan50volumes—hasfoundawideaudience.Hiscollection“A

Coney

Island

of

the

Mind”hassoldmorethan1millioncopies,makingitoneofthebestsellingAmericanpoetrybookseverpublished.1．WhatcanwelearnaboutFerlinghettifromParagraph2?A．Hehadahappychildhood.B．Hereceivednormaleducatio