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第=page11頁,共=sectionpages11頁2023年四川省內江市高考英語三模試卷一、閱讀理解(本大題共15小題,共30.0分)AHerearesomeuniquebridges.
TheWildlifeBridge
In2018,UtahbuiltawildlifebridgeoverthebusyhighwayI-80.A4.8kilometerfencewascreatedtohelpguideanimalstothebridge.Normally,animalstakealongtimetodiscoverandbeginusingwildlifebridges,soexpertsdidn'texpectthebridgetogetmuchtrafficforseveralyears.Butrecently,they'vediscoveredmanydifferentkindsofanimalsarebeginningtomovebyusingthebridge.
TheRopeBridge
OnChina'sHainanIslandin2015,scientistscreatedabridgeforHainangibbons(長臂猿)thatistheworld'smostendangeredprimatesandnormallycrosstheforestbyswinginghighinthetrees.Butaftera2014typhoon,landslidescausedhugegapsintheforest,whichwereforcingthegibbonstomakedangerousjumps.Scientistscreatedasimpleandcheapropebridge,whichsettledtheproblem.
TheEco-Bridge
InUttarakhandstateinIndia,theforestdepartmenthasbuiltaspecial"eco-bridge",madefromall-naturalmaterials.It's27.5meterslongandrunsoveroneofthebusiesthighwaysinthearea.Thoughthebridgeishighinthetrees,forestdepartmentworkershopethebridgewillhelpsmalleranimalsontheground,too.Already,thebridgehasgottenalotofattentionontheInternet,withmanypeopletakingphotosinfrontofiteveryday.
TheParkBridge
ThePhilHardbergerParkliesinSanAntonio,Texas,andrecentlyitopenedwhattheysayisthelargestwildlifebridgeintheUS.Thisbridge,unliketheothersmentionedhere,wasbuiltforusebybothanimalsandhumans.Theparksaystheyhavealreadyseendeerusingthebridge.1.WhathasmadeexpertsfeelunexpectedabouttheWildlifeBridge?______A.It'sbeingusedbyanimalsalready.
B.It'sbeencompletedwithin2years.
C.It'sbecomeanInternet-famoussite.
D.It'sAmerica'sbiggestwildlifebridge.2.Whichbridgesrunoverhighways?______A.TheEco-BridgeandtheParkBridge.
B.TheRopeBridgeandtheParkBridge.
C.TheWildlifeBridgeandtheEco-Bridge.
D.TheWildlifeBridgeandtheRopeBridge.3.Whatisthecommonpurposeinbuildingthebridges?______A.Toattractmoretourists. B.Tocreatewildlifepassageways.
C.Tosaveendangeredanimals. D.Toreducetrafficaccidents.BKathySullivanandanunderwaterexplorernamedVictorVescovodived10,915metersbelowthesurfaceofthePacificOceaninasubmarine(潛艇),makingthe68-year-oldex-astronautthefirstwomanevertoreachthatdepthandVescovotheonlypersontohavedivedtotheplacethreetimes.Dr.SullivanwasamongthefirstwomentojoinNASAasanastronaut.In1984,shetookpartina3.5hourspacewalkandbecamethefirstAmericanwomantotakepartinactivitiesinspaceoutsideofaspacecraft.Butshehasalsointendedtocontributesomethingtotheocean.AftersheleftNASAin1993,shebeganworkingforNOAA(NationalOceanicandAtmosphericAdministration)asitschiefscientist.
ThegoalofthesubmarinedivewastheMarianaTrench,thedeepestvalleyintheoceanfloor.Anditsdeepestpart,alsothedeepestpointonEarthisknownasChallengerDeepthatisnearly11kilometersbelowthesurfaceoftheocean.
Atpresent,there'sonlyonesubmarinecalledLimitingFactorintheworldthatcantaketwopeopledownthatfar.ItwasbuiltforVescovo.Lastyear,Vescovousedittomapthedeepestpointsinallfiveoftheworld'soceans.Heisthefirstpersontohavedonethis.Becauseit'ssohardtogetdowntoChallengerDeep,beforeDr.Sullivan,onlysevenpeoplehadeverreachedit.Thistime,thetwospentaboutanhourandahalfatthebottom,takingpicturesoftheareatobeusedforSullivan'sstudies.Thetimeisrequiredtoadjusttothechangingpressurefromtheweightofthewaterabove,andittookfourhoursforthesubmarinetocomebacktothesurface.Afterthat,theymadeaphonecalltotheInternationalSpaceStation(ISS)tocompareideaswiththeastronautsaboutwhatwassimilarbetweentheirexperiences.ForDr.Sullivan,thisexperiencewasa"once-in-a-lifetimeday".4.HowmanytimeshadVescovodivedtoChallengerDeepbeforeSullivan?______A.1. B.2. C.3. D.4.5.WhichofthefollowingcanbestdescribeSullivan?______A.Ambitious. B.Considerate. C.Modest. D.Cautious.6.WhydidittakeSullivanandVescovo4hourstoreturntothesurface?______A.Theymappedthedeepestpoints.
B.Theytookpicturesinthesubmarine.
C.TheyphonedtheISStoexchangeideas.
D.Theyhadtodealwiththewaterpressure.7.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?______A.FortheDeepestOceanDive B.TheDeepestPointonEarth
C.FromSpacetotheOceanDeep D.AOnce-in-a-lifetimeDayCAgreatamountofdark,stickytar(焦油)wasreportedalongIsrael'scoastlastweek.Anoff-shoreoiltankerisbelievedtohaveleakedout.
Thefloatingoilcanformtarballsasitispushedbywindandwavesontheocean'ssurface.Afteraviolentstorm,thetarballswereseenashore.Israelhasabout190kilometersofbeaches.Thetarhasalreadyhadabigeffectonthelocalwildlife.Volunteerswereworkingquicklytorescueseabirds,turtles,andfish.Someanimalswerecoveredinoilortar.Othershadswallowedit.Thebodyofayoungwhalewasfoundwasheduponshore.Thewhaleappearedtohavediedafterswallowingablackoilyliquid.
Thegovernmenthasaskedpeopletoavoidgoingtothebeach,sincetarexposurecanmakepeoplesickanddoharmtotheskin.Anumberofvolunteershadtobetakentothehospitalafterbreathingintheairpollutedbychemicalsfromthetar.
ExpertsfromIsraelandEuropearestilltryingtofigureoutexactlywhathappened.Theleakisbelievedtohavetakenplaceaboutaweekago,whentherewerestrongstormsinthearea.IsraelbelievedthatashipleakedtensorevenhundredsoftonsofoilintheMediterranean.Expertsareworkingtogethertoreviewsatelliteimages(圖像)ofshipsthatpassedthroughthearea,andtheyhavealistofabout10shipsthatarethemostlikelyonestoleakout.
TheIsraelNatureandParksAuthoritywarnedthatthe"consequenceswillbeseenforyearstocome."IsraelienvironmentalministerGilaGamlielsaidonSaturdaythatthereisnomorefloatingoilvisibleoffIsrael'scoast,"whichisaveryanimativecondition."However,theministrywarnedthatlargewavesareforecastthisweek.Thewavescouldcarrythestickytarfrombeachtobeach,whichcouldmakecleanupeffortsmoredifficult.8.Whatbroughtthetarballstotheshore?______A.Anoilship. B.Theseaanimals.
C.Astrongstorm. D.Thefloatingoil.9.Whatcanbelearntabouttheoiltankerleak?______A.Whenittookplacehasn'tbeensure.
B.Israelhasfoundoutthecauseofit.
C.Who'sresponsibleforitisunclear.
D.Volunteershavetriedhardtostopit.10.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"animative"inthelastparagraphmean?______A.Challenging. B.Natural. C.Rare. D.Encouraging.11.Inwhichsectionofanewspaperisthistextmostlikelytoappear?______A.Health. B.Environment. C.Science. D.Trade.DTherainforestsofeasternAustraliaarehometoastinging(刺人的)treeknownasDendrocnide.Manypeoplecallitthegympie-gympietree—anamegiventothetreebyindigenousAustralians.Thoughitlooksliketheleaves,it'sactuallycoveredwithsharp,needle-likehairsthatcarrypoison.Ifyoubrushupagainstagympie-gympietree,youwon'tforgetthepainanytimesoon.ScientistsdoingresearchonitattheUniversityofQueenslandhavelongstudiedthesourceofthispowerfulsting,lookingforaneurotoxin—apoisonthataffectshumanbodies.
Aftercarefullystudyingdifferentkindsofgympie-gympietrees,thescientistswereabletoseparateoutdifferentchemicalsthatthetreesproduce.Thisallowedthemtoidentifyagroupofchemicalsthattheybelievedwasresponsibleforthepain.Theresearcherscreatedtheman-madeversionsofthem,whichtheycall"gympietides".Sureenough,whenthescientistsinjected(注射)micewithgympietides,themicebitgentlytheplaceswherethey'dbeeninjected—indicatingthattheyhurtinthoseplaces.
Whenthescientistsstudiedthewaygympietideswerebuilt,theyfoundthattheyformedaknot-likeshape.Theshapemakesthechemicalverystable,whichhelpsexplainhowthepainlastssolong.Theknot-likeshapeofthegympietideswassimilartotheshapeofpoisonsproducedbypoisonousspidersandconesnails(錐形蝸牛).Thescientistsfoundoutthefinalfactthatthreeverydifferentkindsoflifeallusesimilarpoisons,whichwasbeyondtheirimagination.
Thoughitsstingmaystopsomeanimalsfromeatingit,itdoesn'tstopallanimals.Beetlesandsmallrelativesofthekangaroocalledpademelonsareabletoeattheplantwithouttrouble.12.What'sthepurposeoftheresearchonthestingtrees?______A.Tostopthemhurtingpeople. B.Toidentifythetypesofthem.
C.Toexplainwhytheysting. D.Tofindouttheirpoisons.13.Whatdoweknowaboutgympietides?______A.Theyaremadeinthelabartificially.
B.Theyaretakenfromthestingtrees.
C.Theyareoftenusedtotreatthemice.
D.Theyarepoisonsfromotheranimals.14.Howdidtheresearchersfeelabouttheirfinalfinding?______A.Itwasunsatisfying. B.Itwasnormal.
C.Itwasdoubtful. D.Itwasunexpected.15.Whatisthetextmainlyabout?______A.Treesgivingoffpoison. B.Stingtrees'secret.
C.Poisonandpainoftrees. D.Trees'powerfulstings.二、閱讀七選五(本大題共5小題,共10.0分)Peopleoftenseemeasytopickupinfectionsandcatchcoldswherevertheygo.Butalittlepreventioncangoalongwayforkidsandadults.Justfollowthesetips:
(1)______Toreallysendbacteriaaway,aquickwashwon'tcutit.Takeyourtimelathering(涂肥皂泡沫)up,andpayextraattentiontothebacksofyourhands,betweenyourfingers,andunderyournails.(2)______Teachyourkids(andyourself)tosingatthesink:Whenyou'vefinishedtworoundsof"HappyBirthday",it'stimetowash.
Gotobedearly.Researchhasshownthatnotgettingenoughsleepcanmakeyoumorelikelytogetsickwhenyoupickupcoldviruses.(3)______Adultsshouldaimforatleast7hoursanight,whileschool-agekidsneed10ormore.
Getaflushot.Everyoneinyourfamilywhoisolderthan6monthsshouldgetoneeachyear.Whataboutbabies?They'retooyoungtogetflushots,buttheycanhaveseriousproblemsiftheygettheflu.(4)______
Eatarainbow.Balanced,healthymealswithplentyoffruitsandvegetablescanhelpkeepeveryone'simmune(免疫)systemintopform.LookforfoodsrichinvitaminA(sweetpotatoes,carrots),vitaminC(fruits),andvitaminE(sunflowerseeds).Leanprotein(seafood,eggs,beans)canalsohelpboostyourbody'sdefenses.Whataboutthoseso-calledhealthproductsthatclaimtoboostyourimmunitywithbigdosesofvitamins?(5)______Ahealthydietismorereliablefuelforyourimmunesystem.
A.Notsureifyou'vewashedenough?
B.Improveyourhand-washingtechnique.
C.Makesureyouhaveenoughsoapsfordailyuse.
D.Andthelessrestyouget,thegreateryourchances.
E.Muchguessworkhappenswhenyourchildhasacoldortheflu.
F.Sciencehasshownthattheywillnotstopyoufromgettingacold.
G.Soobviously,itisextraimportantfortheircaregiverstogetflushotsinstead.16.
A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G H.H17.
A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G H.H18.
A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G H.H19.
A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G H.H20.
A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G H.H三、完形填空(本大題共20小題,共30.0分)Itwas2o'clockinthemorning.Arichmanstilllayawakeonhisbed,sohewentoutandkept(1)______thehousebutwasstillfeelingunrest.(2)______,hedrovehiscarandwentoutonstreetsofthecity(3)______.
Ontheway,hesawanoldtempleandthought,"IfIgotothetempleandsitthereand(4)______,maybethenIwillfindsome(5)______."
Whentherichmanwent(6)______thetemple,hesawapersonwasalready(7)______onthefloor.Hewaslookingvery(8)______.
Therichmanaskedhim,"Brother,whyareyouhereatsuchatime?What'swrong?Whyareyousad?"
Themanreplied,"Mywifeisinhospital.Ifsheisn't(9)______soon,shewon'tbeableto(10)______anddie.Ihavenomoneyfortheoperation.Ireallyfeel(11)______forthis."
Hearingthis,therichmanputhis(12)______inthepocketandgaveallthemoneyhehadinhispockettothatman.Themansighedwith(13)______.
Aftergivingthemoney,therichmantookouthiscard,saying"Ithasmyphonenumberand(14)______,ifyouneedanythingelse,feel(15)______togetintouchwithme."
Theman(16)______thecardandsaid,"Thecardisnot(17)______.Thankyouforyourconsideration.Withthe(18)______andyourencouragement,I'llfindthewayoutof(19)______times."
Therichmansuddenlyfeltasenseofinnerpeace.Hewenthomeandhada(20)______sleep.21.
A.searchingfor B.escapingfrom C.breakinginto D.walkingaround22.
A.Amazed B.Sleepless C.Curious D.Ashamed23.
A.cautiously B.breathlessly C.randomly D.tirelessly24.
A.sleep B.pray C.dash D.calculate25.
A.peace B.honor C.faith D.darkness26.
A.near B.against C.inside D.under27.
A.weeping B.relaxing C.lying D.sitting28.
A.blue B.wealthy C.angry D.elegant29.
A.runinto B.lookedafter C.sentfor D.operatedon30.
A.stand B.survive C.work D.appear31.
A.blameless B.fearless C.helpless D.homeless32.
A.head B.hand C.foot D.ankle33.
A.relief B.laughter C.energy D.hesitation34.
A.age B.agenda C.address D.summary35.
A.awesome B.desperate C.calm D.free36.
A.measured B.seized C.returned D.held37.
A.needed B.offered C.ignored D.appreciated38.
A.fight B.dream C.success D.cash39.
A.contradictory B.tough C.confidential D.appropriate40.
A.sound B.vague C.permanent D.special四、語法填空(本大題共1小題,共15.0分)41.Mostofusdon'treallytakemuchnoticeofcarlicenseplates.Maybeweshouldlookatthemmorefromnowonbecausetheymaybe(1)______(value).Onelicenseplatesoldfornearly﹩15millioninDubai,UAE,(2)______theeveningofApril8,2023.Itisthe(3)______(world)mostexpensiveplate.TheplatehadtheletterandnumberP7onit.Theprevious(4)______(high)pricewasalsosetintheUAE.Thatwasin2008,(5)______someonepaid﹩14.3millionforalicenseplatewiththenumber"one"onit.Itisnotknownwhobroketherecordearlierthisweek.However,localssay(6)______mightbedifficultfortheperson'sidentitytoremainasecret.ThesaleisbignewsinDubai,somanydriverswillbeawareoftheP7plate.
Themoneyfromtherecord-breakinglicenseplatewillhelppoorpeopleworldwide.Thecashwillgotoanorganization(7)______(call)OneBillionMealsEndowment,which(8)______(set)upbyDubai'srulerSheikhMohammedbinRashidin2022.Itbringsfoodtohungrypeopleallaroundtheworld.Theauction(拍賣)housesaiditwashappywiththesale.AspokespersonfromEmiratesAuctionsaid,"Weareproud(9)______(announce)thattheMostNobleNumberscharity(慈善)auctionhassetanewworldrecord.Wearethrilledthatthemoneywillgo(10)______(full)towardssupportingthepoor."(1)(2)(3)(4)(5)(6)(7)(8)(9)(10)五、短文改錯(本大題共1小題,共10.0分)42.假定英語課上老師要求同桌之間交換修改作文,請你修改你同桌寫的以下作文。文中共有10處語言錯誤,每句中最多有兩處。每處錯誤僅涉及一個單詞的增加、刪除或修改。
增加:在缺詞處加一個漏字符號(∧),并在其下面寫出該加的詞。
刪除:把多余的詞用斜線(\)劃掉。
修改:在錯的詞下劃一橫線,并在該詞下面寫出修改后的詞。
注意:
(1)每處錯誤及其修改均僅限一詞;
(2)只允許修改10處,多者(從第11處起)不計分。
Lastsummer,IwenttoDjerba,Tunisia.ItwastrueoneofthemostattractivedestinationIhadevervisited.ImustadmitthatIhaveneverseensuchabeautifulcoastlinebefore.Ispentmostofmydayswalkingonthebeachbutenjoyingthesunandthepeacefulsoundofthewaves.Onmyfourdaythere,Itookatourandvisitedsomelocalattractions,includedtheElGhribaSynagogue.Andthatwasunforgettableexperience.Overall,IfeltsoluckytobetherebecauseofeverythingwasgoodthanIcouldeverimagine.I'mlookingforwardtoexploremoreofthisbeautifulcountrynexttime.六、書面表達(本大題共1小題,共25.0分)43.假定你叫李華,你和你的團隊即將結束在新西蘭某中學的文化交流活動。請代表團隊準備一篇答謝辭在答謝會上致辭,內容包括:
(1)感謝;
(2)收獲;
(3)愿望。
注意:
(1)詞數100左右;
(2)可以適當增加細節,以使行文連貫。
答案和解析1~3.【答案】A、C、B【解析】(1)細節理解題。根據TheWildlifeBridge??部分Normally,animalstakealongtimetodiscoverandbeginusingwildlifebridges???????????,soexpertsdidn'texpectthebridgetogetmuchtrafficforseveralyears.Butrecently?????????????,they'vediscoveredmanydifferentkindsofanimalsarebeginningtomovebyusingthebridge.??????????????(通常情況下,動物要花很長時間才能發現并開始使用野生動物的橋梁,因此專家們沒想到這座橋在幾年內會有很多流量。但最近,他們發現許多不同種類的動物開始利用這座橋移動。)可知,它被動物使用已經讓專家們對這座野生動物橋感到意外。故選A。
(2)細節理解題。根據TheWildlifeBridge??部分A4.8-kilometerfencewascreatedtohelpguideanimalstothebridge.??????????(建造了一道4.8公里長的圍欄,幫助引導動物到橋上。)以及TheEco-Bridge?部分It's27.5meterslongandrunsoveroneofthebusiesthighwaysinthearea.????????????(它長27.5米,橫跨該地區最繁忙的公路之一。)可知,野生動物橋和生態橋橫跨高速公路。故選C。
(3)目的意圖題。根據TheWildlifeBridge??部分A4.8-kilometerfencewascreatedtohelpguideanimalstothebridge.??????????(建造了一道4.8公里長的圍欄,幫助引導動物到橋上。)TheRopeBridge??部分Butaftera2014typhoon??,landslidescausedhugegapsintheforest??????,whichwereforcingthegibbonstomakedangerousjumps.Scientistscreatedasimpleandcheapropebridge???????????????,whichsettledtheproblem.???(但是在2014年臺風過后,山體滑坡在森林中造成了巨大的缺口,迫使長臂猿做出危險的跳躍。科學家們發明了一種簡單廉價的索橋,解決了這個問題。)TheEco-Bridge?部分Thoughthebridgeishighinthetrees???????,forestdepartmentworkershopethebridgewillhelpsmalleranimalsontheground????????????,too.(盡管橋在樹上很高,森林部門的工作人員希望橋也能幫助地面上的小動物。)TheParkBridge??部分Thisbridge?,unliketheothersmentionedhere????,wasbuiltforusebybothanimalsandhumans.Theparksaystheyhavealreadyseendeerusingthebridge.??????????????????(這座橋與這里提到的其他橋不同,是為動物和人類建造的。公園說他們已經看到鹿在橋上。)可知,建造這四座橋的共同目的是創造野生動物通道。故選B。
本文是一篇應用文。介紹了四座專門為動物搭建的橋的特點和用途。
閱讀理解題測試考生在閱讀基礎上的邏輯推理能力,要求考生根據文章所述事件的邏輯關系,對未說明的趨勢或結局作出合理的推斷;或根據作者所闡述的觀點理論,對文章未涉及的現象、事例給以解釋。考生首先要仔細閱讀短文,完整了解信息,準確把握作者觀點。
4~7.【答案】B、A、D、C【解析】(1)推理判斷題。根據原文第一段KathySullivanandanunderwaterexplorernamedVictorVescovodived10,915metersbelowthesurfaceofthePacificOceaninasubmarine(潛艇),makingthe68-year-oldex-astronautthefirstwomanevertoreachthatdepthandVescovotheonlypersontohavedivedtotheplacethreetimes.(凱西?沙利文和一位名叫維克多?韋斯科沃的水下探險家乘坐潛艇潛入太平洋表面以下10915米處,這使這位68歲的前宇航員成為有史以來第一位到達該深度的女性,維斯科沃也是唯一一位三次潛入該深度的人。)可知在沙利文之前,維斯科沃曾2次潛入挑戰者深海。故選B。
(2)觀點態度題。根據原文第一段Butshehasalsointendedtocontributesomethingtotheocean.(但她也打算為海洋做出一些貢獻。)可知最能描述沙利文的是"A.Ambitious.雄心勃勃的"。A.Ambitious.雄心勃勃的;B.Considerate.考慮周到的;C.Modest.適度的;D.Cautious.謹慎的。故選A。
(3)細節理解題。根據原文最后一段The
time
is
required
to
adjust
to
the
changing
pressure
from
the
weight
of
the
water
above,and
it
took
four
hours
for
the
submarine
to
come
back
to
the
surface.(這需要時間來適應上面水的重量不斷變化的壓力,潛艇花了四個小時才回到水面。)可知沙利文和維斯科沃花了4個小時才返回水面是因為他們不得不處理水壓問題。故選D。
(4)標題確定題。本文主要介紹了一位前宇航員成功到達海底最深處探險的事情,同時為了說明她熱愛探險,簡要介紹了她作為宇航員時的一些非凡成就。因此C項From
space
to
ocean
deep(從太空到深海)作標題最合適。結合題干及選項,故選C。
本文是一篇J記敘文,主要講的是年近古稀的前宇航員KathySllivan一直熱愛探險,是第一位在航天器外進行太空活動的美國女性。最近她又一次做出了創舉成為第一位下潛到海底最深處的女性。
閱讀理解題測試考生在閱讀基礎上的邏輯推理能力,要求考生根據文章所述事件的邏輯關系,對未說明的趨勢或結局作出合理的推斷;或根據作者所闡述的觀點理論,對文章未涉及的現象、事例給以解釋。考生首先要仔細閱讀短文,完整了解信息,準確把握作者觀點。
8~11.【答案】C、C、D、B【解析】(1)細節理解題。根據第二段中的Afteraviolentstorm,thetarballswereseenashore.(在一場猛烈的風暴之后,人們看到焦油球上岸了。)可知一場強烈的風暴把焦油球刮到了岸上,故選C。
(2)推斷判斷題。根據ExpertsfromIsraelandcountriesinEuropearestilltryingtofigureoutexactlywhathappened(來自以色列和歐洲各國的專家仍在試圖弄清到底發生了什么。)以及第四段最后講到了他們有一個十個船的列表,即誰該對此負責還不清楚,故選C。
(3)猜測詞義題。根據前文IsraelienvironmentministerGilaGamlielsaidonSaturdaythatthereisnomorefloatingoilvisibleoffIsrael'scoast??????????????????(以色列環境部長吉拉?加姆列爾周六表示,在以色列海岸已經看不到漂浮的石油了)可知在以色列海岸已經看不到漂浮的石油,這是一個振奮人心的情況,因此animative意為"鼓舞人心的",結合選項A.Challenging有挑戰性的;B.Natural自然的;C.Rare稀罕的;D.Encouraging鼓舞人心的。故選D。
(4)文章出處題。本文主要說了輪船石油泄漏,給環境和人類造成了影響,各國專家正在努力解決問題,所以出自環境版塊。故選B。
本文是一篇新聞報道,主要說了輪船石油泄漏給環境和人類造成了影響,各國專家正在努力解決問題。
閱讀理解題測試考生在閱讀基礎上的邏輯推理能力,要求考生根據文章所述事件的邏輯關系,對未說明的趨勢或結局作出合理的推斷;或根據作者所闡述的觀點理論,對文章未涉及的現象、事例給以解釋。考生首先要仔細閱讀短文,完整了解信息,準確把握作者觀點。
12~15.【答案】B、A、D、B【解析】(1)目的意圖題。根據文章倒數第二段When
the
scientists
studied
the
way
gympietides
were
built,they
found
that
they
formed
a
knot-like
shape.The
shape
makes
the
chemical
very
stable,which
helps
explain
how
the
pain
lasts
so
long.The
knot-like
shape
of
the
gympietides
was
similar
to
the
shape
of
poisons
produced
by
poisonous
spiders
and
cone
snails(錐形蝸牛).The
scientists
found
out
the
final
fact
that
three
very
different
kinds
of
life
all
use
similar
poisons,which
was
beyond
their
imagination.(當科學家們研究gympietides的建造方式時,他們發現它們形成了一個類似結的形狀。這種形狀使得這種化學物質非常穩定,這有助于解釋為什么疼痛會持續這么長時間。金皮肽的結狀形狀類似于毒蜘蛛和蝸牛產生的毒素的形狀。科學家們發現了最終的事實,三種非常不同的生命都使用類似的毒藥,這超出了他們的想象。)可知研究者研究刺人樹的目的是想研究毒素的類型。故選B。
(2)推理判斷題。根據第二段The
researchers
created
the
man-made
versions
of
them,which
they
call"gympietides".(研究人員創造了它們的人造版本,他們稱之為"gympietides"。)可知gympietides是在實驗室人工制造的。故選A。
(3)觀點態度題。根據文章第三段The
scientists
found
out
the
final
fact
that
three
very
different
kinds
of
life
all
use
similar
poisons,which
was
beyond
their
imagination.(科學家們發現了最終的事實,三種非常不同的生命都使用類似的毒藥,這超出了他們的想象。)可知研究人員對他們的最終發現感到意外。A.It
was
unsatisfying.這是不令人滿意的;B.It
was
normal.這很正常;C.It
was
doubtful.令人懷疑的;D.It
was
unexpected.出乎意料的,意外的。故選D。
(4)主旨大意題。文章主要介紹了科學家對澳大利亞的金皮樹進行研究,發現了其刺到人們導致疼痛的原因以及盡管這種樹有毒,它也有天敵。因此本文的主旨大意是B.Sting
trees'
secret.(金皮樹的秘密)。故選B。
這是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了科學家對澳大利亞的金皮樹進行研究,發現了其刺到人們導致疼痛的原因以及盡管這種樹有毒,它也有天敵。
一、速讀全文,了解大意知主題。
閱讀能力一般指閱讀速度和理解能力兩個方面。閱讀速度是閱讀最基本的能力,考生必須在十分有限的時間內運用略讀、掃讀、跳讀等技巧快速閱讀,搜尋關鍵詞、主題句,捕捉時空、順序、情節、人物、觀點,并且理清文章脈絡,把握語篇實質。
二、看題干,帶著問題讀文章。
首先要掌握問題的類型,客觀信息題可以從文章中直接找到答案;而主觀判斷題考查的是對文章的感情基調等,這類題必須經過對作者的態度、意圖以及對整篇文章進行深一層的推理等。其次,了解試題題干以及各個選項所包含的信息,然后有針對性地對文章進行掃讀,對有關信息進行快速定位。此法加強了閱讀的針對性,提高了做題的準確率。
三、邏輯推理,做好深層理解題。
在實際閱讀中,有時作者并未把意圖說出來,閱讀者要根據字面意思,通過語篇邏輯關系,研究細節的暗示,推敲作者的態度,理解文章的寓義。要求讀者對文字的表面信息進行分析、挖掘和邏輯推理,不能就事論事,以偏概全。推理題在提問中常用的詞有:infer,imply,suggest,indicate等。
四、猜詞悟義,掃除閱讀攔路虎。
猜詞是應用英語的重要能力。它不但需要準確無誤地理解上下文,而且要有較大的泛讀量,掌握或認識較多的課外詞匯。我們要學會"順藤摸瓜",通過構詞,語法,定義,同位,對比,因果,常識,上下文等線索確定詞義。
我們在做完形填空時,首先需要快速的瀏覽全文,把握文章的主旨大意;其次要學會帶著問題到文中相應的地方,通過細節閱讀來尋找或概括答案;最后理清作者的寫作思路也非常重要;做此類題時,要多注意一些形容詞或動詞的搭配,在平時多積累一些固定搭配。
16~20.【答案】B、A、D、G、F【解析】(1)段落大意題。根據下文Take
your
time
lathering(涂肥皂泡沫)
up,and
pay
extra
attention
to
the
backs
of
your
hands,between
your
fingers,and
under
your
nails.(慢慢地涂上泡沫,特別注意手背、指縫和指甲下面。)可知,本段介紹了正確的洗手方法。B項"提高你的洗手技巧。"最能概括本段大意。故選B。
(2)聯系下文題。根據下文Teach
your
kids(
and
yourself)
to
sing
at
the
sink:When
you've
finished
two
rounds
of"Happy
Birthday",it's
time
to
wash.(教你的孩子,和你自己,在水池邊唱歌:當你唱完兩輪"生日快樂"時,是時候沖洗了。)可知,下文介紹了揉搓泡沫需要的時間。A項"不確定你是否洗夠了?"可以引出下文,符合語境。故選A。
(3)聯系上文題。根據上文Research
has
shown
that
not
getting
enough
sleep
can
make
you
more
likely
to
get
sick
when
you
pick
up
cold
viruses.(研究表明,睡眠不足會讓你在感染感冒病毒時更容易生病。)可知,本段建議我們要注意適當休息,休息不足也會增加我們生病的風險。D項"休息得越少,(生病的)可能性就越大。"符合題意。故選D。
(4)聯系上文題。根據上文What
about
babies?They're
too
young
to
get
flu
shots,but
they
can
have
serious
problems
if
they
get
the
flu.(那嬰兒呢?他們還太小,不能注射流感疫苗,但如果他們得了流感,就會有嚴重的問題。)可知,嬰兒不能注射疫苗,此處應該介紹嬰兒如何預防感冒。G項"所以很明顯,對他們的看護者來說,接種流感疫苗是非常重要的。"可知,嬰兒的看護者注射疫苗可以保護嬰兒。故選G。
(5)推理判斷題。根據上文What
about
those
so-called
health
products
that
claim
to
boost
your
immunity
with
big
doses
of
vitamins?(那些聲稱含有大劑量維生素可以提高免疫力的所謂保健品呢?)以及下文A
healthy
diet
is
more
reliable
fuel
for
your
immune
system.(健康的飲食是免疫系統更可靠的燃料。)可知,這里將保健品和健康飲食進行比較,前者不如后者對我們的身體更有益處。F項"科學表明,它們并不能阻止你得感冒。"說明保健品沒有那么有效,符合語境。故選F。
本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了兒童和成年人為預防傳染病和感冒的注意事項。
七選五閱讀是完成性閱讀,和完形填空很類似,不同的是一個選詞,一個選句子。解題時,要注意上下文語境,充分考慮信息詞(選項中和空格前后句子中相同或相近的詞),選出最符合語境的句子。
21~40.【答案】D、B、C、B、A、C、D、A、D、B、C、B、A、C、D、C、A、D、B、A【解析】(1)考查動詞短語及語境理解。A.searchingfor尋找;B.escapingfrom逃離;C.breakinginto闖入;D.walkingaround四處走動。根據上文It
was
2
o'clock
in
the
morning.(那是凌晨兩點。)以及Arich
man
still
lay
awake
on
his
bed(一個富人仍然醒著躺在床上),所以他走出去,在房子周圍"走來走去",故答案為D。
(2)考查形容詞及語境理解。A.Amazed驚訝的;B.Sleepless失眠的;C.Curious好奇的;D.Ashamed羞愧的。根據前文A
rich
man
still
lay
awakeon
his
bed,so
he
went
out
and
kept
walkingaround
the
house
but
was
still
feeling
unrest.(一個富人仍然醒著躺在床上,所以他出去在房子里走來走去,但仍然感到不安。)可知他"睡不著覺",故答案為B。
(3)考查副詞及語境理解。A.cautiously謹慎地;B.breathlessly氣喘吁吁地;C.randomly隨意地;D.tirelessly不知疲倦地。根據下文On
the
way,he
sawan
old
temple(在路上,他看到一座古老的寺廟),無意看到的寺廟,說明是沒有目的地開著車,"隨意地"行駛在城市的街道上,故答案為C。
(4)考查動詞及語境理解。A.sleep睡覺;B.pray禱告;C.dash猛沖;D.calculate計算。根據上文he
sawanoldtemple(他看到一座古老的寺廟),結合選項,在寺廟"禱告",故答案為B。
(5)考查名詞及語境理解。A.peace安寧;B.honor榮耀;C.faith信念;D.darkness黑暗。根據上文I
go
to
the
temple
and
sit
there
andpray(如果我去寺廟,坐在那里祈禱),或許能得到一些"安寧",故答案為A。
(6)考查副詞及語境理解。A.near在附近;B.against反對;C.inside在里面;D.under在下面。根據前文On
the
way,he
saw
an
oldtemple
and
thought,
"If
I
go
to
the
temple
andsit
there
and
pray,maybe
then
I
will
find
somepeace.(在路上,他看到一座古老的寺廟,心想:"如果我去寺廟,坐在那里祈禱,也許我就會得到一些安寧。")他"走進了"寺廟,故答案為C。
(7)考查動詞及語境理解。A.weeping哭泣;B.relaxing使放松;C.lying躺下;D.sitting坐。根據下文on
the
floor可知,他看到一個人已經"坐在"地板上了,故答案為D。
(8)考查形容詞及語境理解。A.blue憂郁的;B.wealthy富有的;C.angry生氣的;D.elegant優雅的。根據下文
Why
are
you
sad?(你為什么這么難過?)可知這個男人看起來很"憂郁",故答案為A。
(9)考查動詞短語及語境理解。A.run
into陷入,撞上;B.lookedafter照顧;C.sentfor召喚,派人去拿;D.operatedon對……動手術,對……起作用。根據前文
My
wife
is
in
hospital.(我妻子住院了。)以及下文I
have
no
money
for
theoperation.(我沒有錢做手術。)他的妻子需要盡快"手術",故答案為D。
(10)考查動詞及語境理解。A.stand忍受;B.survive活下來;C.work工作;D.appear出現。根據下文and
died可知,也就是不能"活下去",故答案為B。
(11)考查形容詞及語境理解。A.blameless無可指責的;B.fearless無畏的;C.helpless無助的;D.homeless無家可歸的。根據前文I
have
no
moneyforthe
operation.(我沒有錢做手術。)因此這個男人很"無助",故答案為C。
(12)考查名詞及語境理解。A.head頭;B.hand手;C.foot足;D.ankle腳踝。根據下文gave
all
the
money
he
had
in
his
to
that
man(把口袋里所有的錢都給了那個人),應該是把"手"伸進口袋,故答案為B。
(13)考查名詞及語境理解。A.relief寬慰;B.laughter笑聲;C.energy能量;D.hesitation猶豫。根據前文I
have
no
money
fortheoperation.(我沒有錢做手術。)以及Hearing
this,the
rich
man
put
his
hand
in
the
andgave
all
the
money
he
had
in
his
to
thatman.(富人聽了這話,把手伸進口袋,把口袋里所有的錢都給了那個人。)這讓這個男人"松了一口氣",也就是得到一點"寬慰",故答案為A。
(14)考查名詞及語境理解。A.age年齡;B.agenda議程;C.address地址;D.summary總結。根據t上文he
rich
man
tookout
his
card(富人拿出他的名片),上面有電話號碼和"地址",故答案為C。
(15)考查形容詞及語境理解。A.awesome讓人驚嘆的;B.desperate不顧一切的;C.calm冷靜的;D.free隨心所欲的。根據上文the
rich
mantook
out
his
card
(富人拿出他的名片),問這個男人還需要什么,"隨時"與富人聯系,feel
free
to
do
sth"(常用于邀請或保證)隨意做……",故答案為D。
(16)考查動詞及語境理解。A.measured測量;B.seized抓住;C.returned歸還;D.held拿著。根據下文With
the
cash
and
your
encouragement,I'll
find
the
way
out
of
toughtimes.(有了這筆錢和你的鼓勵,我一定會度過難關的。)可知男人拒絕了富人提出的更多幫助,把名片"還給"了富人,故答案為C。
(17)考查動詞及語境理解。A.needed需要;B.offered提供;C.ignored忽視;D.appreciated感激。根據上文The
man
returned
the
card(那人把卡還給他),他不"需要"這張名片繼續找富人幫忙了,故答案為A。
(18)考查名詞及語境理解。A.fight斗爭;B.dream夢想;C.success成功;D.cash現金。根據前文Ihave
no
money
for
theoperation.(我沒有錢做手術。)以及Hearing
this,the
rich
man
put
his
hand
in
the
andgave
all
the
money
he
had
in
his
to
thatman.(富人聽了這話,把手伸進口袋,把口袋里所有的錢都給了那個人。)富人給了男人"現金"和鼓勵,故答案為D。
(19)考查形容詞及語境理解。A.contradictory相互矛盾的;B.tough艱難的;C.confidential機密的;D.appropriate適合的。根據上文
gave
all
the
money
h
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