2022年甘肅省金昌市大學(xué)英語6級大學(xué)英語六級真題(含答案)學(xué)校:________班級:________姓名:________考號:________

一、2.ReadingComprehension(SkimmingandScanning)(20題)1.

WhichkindofcompaniesdotheKellyServicescontactwith?

A.Bothmulti-nationalandsmalllocalcompanies.

B.Listedcompanies.

C.Smallerlocalcompanies.

D.Internationalenterprise.

2.Thenetworksofcommunicationsystemwhicharepeer-to-peerareonepropertyof4Gwirelesscommunication.

3.

Dietandphysicalqualitieswhichpasseddownfromourparentsaffect______anaturalsubstanceintheliverblood.

4.

PeopletellliesuntheInternetbecauseofthefollowingreasonsexceptthat______.

5.

Overthepast20years,retailsalesinChinahaveincreasednearly______everyyear,tosome＄628billionin2004—makingitthethird-largestmarketonearth.

6.

One-ortwo-minuteexcerpts______,canbesenttofriendsbye-mailorinstantmessage.

7.Themajoraimoftheagreementmadeby284universitiesismerelytoreduceenergyconsumptionandwaste.

8.

Youcanhavefastmovingandsafertrafficin______.

9.

Thesharpincreaseinthenumberofshareholdersattheendof1984wasdueto______.

10.

Aftershegotanewjob,LisaPerezregrettedthatshehadnotdonevolunteeringworkearlier.

A.YB.NC.NG

11.Aworkoutforeveryageandattitude

Yourfitnessplanmaychangewithage,butthebenefitsdon't:strength,flexibilityandbetterhealth.

Asmenage,theirfitnessneedschange.Theall-outbasketballgamesplayedat20aren'tsopainlessplayedat36.Duringmiddleage,weightbeginstocreepupasmetabolismslows,andthefataroundthemidsectionthreatenstheheartandotherorgans.Elderlymendiscovertheimportanceofflexibilityandmusclestrengthasthesimplesttasks,suchasgettinginandoutofchairs,canbecomeachallenge.

Awoman'sagingprocessisdistinguishedbyparticularphysiologicalchangesthatdemandspecificworkouts,suchasresistancetrainingtocombattheosteoporosis(骨質(zhì)疏松癥)thatoftenoccursfollowingmenopause(絕經(jīng)期).Butmendon'thavesuchdefinitivemarkersandmayrealizetheyneedtochangetheirexerciseroutinesonlywhentheysufferasprainthattakesweeksormonthstoheal.

It'svital,however,formentokeepexercisingtomaintaingoodhealth.Onestudy,publishedlastyearintheJournalofAppliedPhysiology,foundmenaged65to79whodidregularphysicalactivityhadfarstrongerimmunesystemsthanthoseofasedentary(慣于久坐的)controlgroup.AseparateCanadianstudyof19000mendiscoveredthatthosewhoexercisedandwerefitcuttheirriskofdeathbyheartdiseaseinhalf.

Menintheir20sareatthepeakoftheirstrength.That'swhymanyheadforthegymandloaduponweights,sometimesneglectingthecardiovascular(心臟血管的)aspectsoftheirworkout.Butcardio

exerciseisnecessaryatthisstagetomaintainheartandlunghealth.

Throughouttheir20sandearly30s,menalsoaren'tgivingmuchthoughttothingslikewarmingupandstretching.They'renotseeingasmuchintermsofbodydecay.Sothey'renotasgoodaboutdoingpreparationandcrosstraining—eventhoughtheyshould—becausetheydon'tfeeltheyneedit.

Atthisstage,menshouldincorporateavarietyofsportsandactivitiesintotheircardioandweightroutines.Varietyisimportantforcardioandweight-beatingexercises,sothebodydoesn'tgetusedtothesamerepetitivemovements.Headvocatessportssuchasbasketballorsoccer,oractivitiessuchaskickboxing,allofwhichinvolveexplosivemovementsaswellasbodyrotation.

Asedentarylifestyle.cancreepuponguysintheir20sand30siftheydon'tadheretoaregularfitnessprogram.Ifcompetitivesportsbecometoointenseorevendangerous,expertsrecommenddoingless-demandingactivitiessuchasexerciseclasses,runningorcycling.

Developingaconsistentworkoutthatincludescardiovascularandstrengthtrainingshouldbeparamounttokeepweightdownandmusclesstrong.Mentypicallygainabdominalweight,whichputsthemathigherriskforheartdiseaseanddiabetes.Maintainingflexibilityisvitalaswell,whichonlygetsmoreimportantwitheachpassingyear.Yogaisakindofsportdesignedforkeepingjointsflexible,whichhelpspreventinjury.

Workoutsformenintheir60sand70sshouldbegearedtowardfunctionalfitness,ortrainingthebodytohandlereal-lifesituations,suchasgettinginandoutofchairsornavigatingstairs.Thatmeansrelyinglessonweightmachinesandmoreonthebodyitselftomaintainstrengthandbalancesuchasbyliftingweights.Althoughmengenerallydon'texperienceasmuchbonelossaswomenastheyage,theycanstillsufferagingfracturesandshouldstrivetomaintaingoodbonedensity.Thatcanbedoneinpartthroughweight-beatingexercises.

Aerobicactivitycontinuestobeimportantaswell.Haber,aprofessorofgerontology(老人醫(yī)學(xué)),advocatesmildactivitiessuchasbriskwalking,ridingastationaryorrecumbentbike,ortakingamoderatelypacedexerciseclass.Oneelementthatshouldn'tbeignoredisthesocia

A.YB.NC.NG

12.

Basedonmanystudies,wecancometotheconclusionthatexposuretomagneticfieldswillcontributetothegrowingincidencesofcertainsite-specificcancer.

A.YB.NC.NG

13.

Studiesshowthatmusicfailstoactivatethepartsofthebrainthatproducehappiness.

A.YB.NC.NG

14.It'sthemonitoringfunctionthatmakesthehostprocessorfinallysolveadisputeaboutatransaction.

15.

WhenisthebesttimetotakethenewerSATII’sAmericanhistory?

A.Afterseveralyearsofstudy.

B.Immediatelywhenyoufinishthecourse,

C.Whenyouhavealargeinformationsource.

D.Rightafteraholidaywhenyourmindisrefreshed.

16.

Inthetension-releasemethodofrelaxation,oneshouldtenseallhisorhermusclestogetherafter______.

17.

Whenusingadrive-upATM,you'dbetterdriveclosetothemachineaswellas______.

18.

Whichofthefollowingcanhelpyougetintothehabitofrealitytesting?

A.Videotapingyourlife.

B.Bringingamemopad.

C.Settinganalarmclock.

D.Regulatingyourhobbies.

19.

AccordingtotheWHO,increasesinmalaria,water-bornediseaseandmalnutritioncouldthreaten______.

20.

Animals'senseorgansareonly_____oanother.

二、3.ListeningComprehension(20題)21.聽力原文：W:Theweatheristerriblyhot.Shallwegotothebeachforthevacationforthecomingholiday?

M:Oh,why?Therearesomanymuseums,artgalleriesandrestaurantsinWashington,I'dbehappytherenomatterwhattheweatherislike.

Q:Whatdoesthemanmean?

(19)

A.Hedislikesmuseumsandgalleries.

B.Hedoesnotcareaboutthehotweather.

C.Goingtothebeachisthebestchoice.

D.Hedoesn'twanttogotoWashington.

22.(25)

A.IntheWaterfallGarden.

B.IntheChildrenZoo.

C.IntheWaterWorld.

D.IntheCentenaryGarden.

23.(40)

24.聽力原文：W:Whataretheflowersfor,Richard?

M:Fiveyearsofhappiness.Happyanniversary.

W:Butouranniversaryisn'tuntilSaturday.

M:Icouldn'twait.Besides,wearenotgoingtobehereSaturday.

W:Wherearewegoingtobe?

M:Ifyouhadyourchoiceofalltheplacesintheworld,wherewouldyouchoosetospendouranniversary?

W:TheWatermillInn.Ilovedthatplacewhenwewentonourhoneymoon.

M:Perfect!Youpickedtherightplace.

W:Idon'tunderstand.

M:YouandIaregoingtospendasecondhoneymoonattheWatermillInn.

W:Oh,Richard!That'swonderful,but...

M:Nobuts,absolutelynot.Theworld'sgreatestgrandmother,Mrs.EllenStewart,hasagreedtotakecareofhimfortheweekend.

W:Butisn'tthattoomuchtoaskofyourmother?

M:Toomuch?ShelovestakingcareofMax.

W:But...I'llmisshim.

M:Well,we'llphoneeveryhour,andyoucanlistentohimoverthephone.Comeon.Honey,it'stimeyouandIhadaromanticweekendalonetogether.We'veearnedit.Whatdoyousay?

W:Itdoessoundtempting.You'reright.We'veearnedit.

M:Great!I'llmakeareservationrightnow.Rememberthatwonderfullittlebalconywherewehadourmeals...withaviewoftheHudsonRiver?

W:HowcouldIforget?

M:Mymomisavailabletobaby-sitthisweekend.

W:Well,OK.Checkiftheyhavearoom.

M:I'vealreadymadearrangements.Right!YouandIaregoingtohaveawonderful,romanticweekend!

(23)

A.Twoyears.B.Threeyears.C.Fiveyears.D.Eightyears.

25.聽力原文：W:Iamsoexcitedjusttothinkaboutit!ThisismyfirsttriptoParis.Iwanttovisitalltheinterestingplacesthere.ButIamafraidthatIcan'tfindmywayaroundthere.

M:Don'tworryaboutthat.Justgivemeacallwhenyouhavetrouble.I'llbegladtoshowyouaround.Iamsofamiliarwiththeseplaces.

Q:Whatdoesthemanoffertodoforthewoman?

(18)

A.TotakehertoParis.

B.Toshowherwhattheinterestingplacesare.

C.Toserveasherguide.

D.Tointroducehertohisfamilies.

26.聽力原文：W:Youtoldmeyoulikedyourjob．Whydoyoulooksoupset?

M:Wheneverwetrytochangetheworkroutine．theworkershavesomanyifsandbutsthatwenevermanagetochangeanything．

Q:Whatdoesthemanmean?

(17)

A.Theworkersmakemanycomplaints.

B.Theworkersmakealotofobjections.

C.Theworkersmakelotsofproposals.

D.Theworkersmakenumerousmistakes.

27.

【B9】

28.【B7】

29.(21)

A.Thecompanywasasmall,family-ownedcompany.

B.Thecompanygavealotofresponsibilitiestotheemployees.

C.Thecompanyrequiredtheemployeestobeloyalandhard-working.

D.Thecompanywouldsoonraisetheemployees'salary.

30.(26)

A.Thehightemperaturesrequiredforitsuse.

B.Thelackoftrainedenvironmentalengineers.

C.Theoppositionofautomobilemanufacturers.

D.Thehighcostofmaterialsusedinitsproduction.

31.

【B11】

32.【B5】

33.

【B5】

34.(29)

A.Becauseabelltowerwastobebuiltonthesite.

B.Becauseitwasfoundunsafe.

C.Becauseaparkinglotwastobeconstructedthere.

D.Becausenoonewantedtopreserveit.

35.【B1】

36.聽力原文：M:IhavepassedtheTeacherCertificateExaminationandIwonderifIcangetthejoboftheteachingassistant.

W:Yes,certainly.Butifonlyyouhadsentinyourapplicationintime.

Q:Whatdoesthewomanimply?

(13)

A.Themanisnotsuitablefortheposition.

B.Thejobhasbeengiventosomeoneelse.

C.There'snovacancyforteachingassistant.

D.Shehadn'treceivedtheman'sapplication.

37.(18)

A.Itisclosed.

B.12noonto9p.m.

C.9a.m.to5p.m.

D.9a.m.to12noon.

38.

【B7】

39.聽力原文：WilliamShakespearewaschristenedinthemarkettownofStratfordonAvon,Warwickshire,onApril26,1564.Traditionally,hisactualbirthdaywasthreedaysearlier,onSt.George'sday,thesamedayashisdeathfifty-twoyearslater.Hisfather,John,wasarespectedmiddle-classtrader;andhismother,MaryArden,camefromafamilyoflocallandowners.ItseemsprobablethatyoungWilliamreceivedafaireducation(forhisday)atthelocalGrammarSchoolAttheageofeighteenhemarriedagirleightyearsolderthanhimself,AnneHathaway,whogavehimachildthefollowingyearandtwinsin1585.Littleelseisknownofhisearlylife,andsowecannottellwhatmadehimdecidetoleaveStratfordin1586forLondon,wherehestayeduntil1611.InLondon,hemustsoonhaveattractedattention,becauseby1592hewasapopularenoughwriterandactortobelaughedatbyanolderdramatistasanuneducatedJack-of-all-trades.Hewasmentionedasbeingamongtheprincipalactorsofthecityasearlyas1598,andwefindthatin1599hewasamemberofthecompanyrunningtheGlobeTheater,withone-tenthinterestintheprofits-showingabusinesssenserarelyseeninhisfellowwriters.Hispopularityisindicatedbythefactthatnotonlywerehisownplayspublishedunderhisname,whichwasarareprocedureinhisday,butalsoplaysbyothersaretobefoundattributedtohim,asiftoindicatethathisnamealonewouldpromiseagoodsale.

(33)

A.OnApril26,1611.

B.OnApril23,1611.

C.OnApril26,1616.

D.OnApril23,1616.

40.聽力原文：M:Yourstaffappearstobemadeupofsmartpeople,butIbetthatthey'dscorelowonanEQtest.

W:EQ?Oh,IthinkI'veheardofthat,right.Soyou'resayingthattheycan'tapplytheirintelligenceefficiency.Thatistheproblem.

Q:Whatproblemdoesthewomanindicate?

(17)

A.HeremployeesgetlowscoresonthetestofEQ.

B.Heremployeescan'ttaketheadvantageofhighIQ.

C.Heremployeesaretoosmartaccordingtothetest.

D.Heremployeesareconcernedwithemotionalproblems.

三、4.ReadingComprehension(ReadinginDepth)(20題)41.

【C8】

42.

ItcanbeinferredAfromthepassagethat______.

A.Yao'sperformanceduringtheregularseasonwasbeyondCharlesBarley'sexpectations.

B.KennySmithdidnotthinkmuchofYaoMing.

C.CharlesBarkleydidnotthinkthatYaowoulddisappointhisfans.

D.Yao'sperformanceduringthefirstseveralgameswonhimgoodreputation.

43.

Inthispassage,whatdoestheauthormentionasanexampleofthepossiblemisuseofscientificknowledgewithseriousconsequences?

44.Theuseofdeferential(敬重的)languageissymbolicoftheConfucianidealofthewoman,whichdominatesconservativegendernormsinJapan.Thisidealpresentsawomanwhowithdrawsquietlytothebackground,subordinatingherlifeandneedstothoseofherfamilyanditsmalehead.Sheisadutifuldaughter,wife,andmother,masterofthedomesticarts.ThetypicalrefinedJapanesewomanexcelsinmodestyanddelicacy:she"treadssoftly(謹(jǐn)言慎行)intheworld,"elevatingfemininebeautyandgracetoanartform.

Nowadays,itiscommonlyobservedthatyoungwomenarenotconformingtothefemininelinguistic(語言的)ideal.Theyareusingfeweroftheverydeferential"women's"forms,andevenusingthefewstrongformsthatareknownas"men's".This,ofcourse,attractsconsiderableattentionandhasledtoanoutcryintheJapanesemediaagainstthedefeminizationofwomen'slanguage.Indeed,wedidn'thearabout"mer’slanguage"untilpeoplebegantorespondtogirls'appropriationofformsnormallyreservedforboysandmen.Thereisconsiderablesentimentaboutthe"corruption"ofwomen'slanguage—whichofcourseisviewedaspartofthelossoffeminineidealsandmoralityandthissentimentiscrystallizedbynationwideopinionpollsthatareregularlycarriedoutbythemedia.

YoshikoMatsuinotohasarguedthatyoungwomenprobablyneverusedasmanyofthehighlydeferentialformsasolderwomen.Thishighlypolitestyle.isnodoubtsomethingthatyoungwomenhavebeenexpectedto"growinto"afterall,itisasignnotsimplyoffemininity,butofmaturityandrefinement,anditsusecouldbetakentoindicateachangeinthenatureofone'ssocialrelationsaswell.Onemightwellimaginelittlegirlsusingexceedinglypoliteformswhenplayinghouseorimitatingolderwomeninafashionanalogoustolittlegirls'useofahigh-pitchedvoicetodo"teachertalk"or"mothertalk"inroleplay.

ThefactthatyoungJapanesewomenareusinglessdeferentiallanguageisasuresignofchangeofsocialchangeandoflinguisticchange.Butitismostcertainlynotasignofthe"mascnlinization"ofgirls.Insomeinstances,itmaybeasignthatgirlsaremakingthesameclaimtoauthorityasboysandmen,butthatisverydifferentfromsayingthattheyaretryingtobe"masculine."KatsueReynoldshasarguedthatgirlsnowadaysareusingmoreassertivelanguagestrategiesinordertobeabletocompetewithboysinschoolsandout.Socialchangealsobringsnotsimplydifferentpositionsforwomenandgirls,butdifferentrelationstolifestages,andadolescentgirlsareparticipatinginnewsubculturalforms.Thuswhatmaytoanolderspeaker,seemlike"masculine"speechmayseemtoanadolescentlike"liberated"or"hip"speech.

Thefirstparagraphdescribesindetail_____.

A.thestandardssetforcontemporaryJapanesewomen

B.theConfucianinfluenceongendernormsinJapan

C.thestereotypedroleofwomeninJapanesefamilies

D.thenormsfortraditionalJapanesewomentofollow

45.Thechildren'helastparagraph______.

A.canbebestexplainedbybehaviorism

B.canbelinkedtoPavlov'sdogs

C.showsthatrewardsmaywellkilldesire

D.servestoprovideevidencetobehaviorism

46.SectionB

Directions:Thereare2passagesinthissection.Eachpassageisfollowedbysomequestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.Youshoulddecideonthebestchoice.

ParadiseLostisMilton'smasterpiece.ItsstoryistakenfromtheBible,about"thefallofman",thatis,howAdamandEvearetemptedbySatantodisobeyGodbyeatingtheforbiddenfruitfromtheTreeofKnowledge,andhowtheyarepunishedbyGodanddrivenoutofParadise.InMilton'swords,thepurposeofwritingtheepicsto"justifythewaysofGodtomen",butapparently,Miltonisutteringhisintensehatredofcruelnessoftherulerinthepoem.BydepictingSatanandhisfollowersaswellastheirfieryutteranceandbraveactions,MiltonisshowingaPuritan's(清教徒的)revoltagainstthedictatorandagainsttheestablishedCatholicsandtheAnglicanChurch.

InthepoemGodisnobetterthanacruelandselfishruler,seatedonathronewithagroupofangelsabouthimsingingsongstopraisehim.Hislongspeechesarenotpleasingatall.HeiscruelandunjustinpunishingSatan.Hisangelsarestupid.ButSatanisbyfarthemoststrikingcharacterinthepoem,whorisesagainstGodand,thoughdefeated,stillpersistsinhis.fighting.

AdamandEveshowsMilton'sbeliefinthepowerofman.Goddeniesthemachancetopursueforknowledge.Itisthislongingforknowledgethatopensbeforemankindawideroadtointelligentandactivelife.IthasbeennotedbymanycriticsthatMilton'srevolutionaryfeelingsmakeshimforgetreligiousdoctrines(教條).TheangelswhosurroundtheGodneverthinkofexpressinganyopinionsoftheirown.TheimageofGodsurroundedbysuchangelsresemblesthecourtofanabsolutemonarch(君主).ButSatanandhisfollowers,whofreelydiscussallissuesincouncil,remindusofaRepublicanParliament.

Thispassageismostprobably______.

A.arevieworMilton'sParadiseLost

B.anintroductionofwhatParadiseLostisabout

C.adepictionofthecruelnessoftheBritishruler

D.partofanintroductiontoEnglishliterature

47.

Thewriter'sattitudetowardsscienceis______.

A.criticalB.approvingC.neutralD.regretful

48.

Thepassageimpliesthat______.

A.thefeverprocessiswidespreadbecausemoderatefevershavebenefits

B.thereductionoffeverscaninhibitbacterialgrowth

C.mancanusesunlamptoraiselizards'temperature

D.crayfishinjectedwithbacteriahaveapurposeformovingtohotareas

49.

TheFDAdeclaresthatthewrongfullysoldpiglets______.

A.mayhavesideeffectsonconsumers

B.maybeharmfultoconsumers

C.aresafetoconsumers

D.maycausehumanillness

50.Inthelastparagraph"accessto"isclosestinmeaningto"______"

A.acquireB.approachC.increaseD.grasp

51.

ActionstakenbySiemensandotherfirmsshowdemandingforconsultancyis______.

52.

WhyisthereaslowpaceoftechnologicalchangeinAmericanfirms?

A.NewequipmentinAmericaismoreexpensive.

B.Americanfirmsdon'tpayenoughattentiontoon-the-jobtrainingoftheirwork-era.

C.Thedecision-makingprocessinAmericanfirmsmakesthemlessresponsivetotechnologicalchanges.

D.TheprofessionalstaffofAmericanfirmsarelesspaidandsolesscreative.

53.

WhydoestheauthorassertthatallthingsAmericanarefascinatingtoforeigners?

A.BecausetheyhavegainedmuchpublicitythroughtheAmericanmedia.

B.Becausetheyrepresenttheworld'slatestfashions.

C.Becausetheyembodythemostsophisticatedtechnology.

D.Becausetheyareavailableatalltouristdestinations.

54.

Theword"substantially"(Line2,Para.5)mostlikelymeans______.

A.alittlebitB.infactC.materiallyD.considerably

55.

TogeneticistslikeLewontinandHartl,thecurrentmethod______.

A.isnotsoconvincingastoexcludethelikelihoodthattwoDNAsamplescannevercomefromtwoindividuals

B.isbeyonddisputebecausetwoindividualsofthesameethnicgrouparelikelytohavethesameDNApattern

C.isnotbasedonadequatescientifictheoryofgenetics

D.istheoreticallycontradictorytowhattheyhavebeenstudying

56.Telecommutingsubstitutingthecomputerforthetriptothejob--hasbeenhailedasasolutiontoallkindsofproblemsrelatedtoofficework.

Forworkersitpromisesfreedomfromtheoffice,lesstimewastedintraffic,andhelpwithchild-careconflicts.Formanagement,telecommutinghelpskeephighperformersonboard,minimizestardinessandabsenteeismbyeliminatingcommutes,allowsperiodsofsolitudeforhighconcentrationtasks,andprovidesschedulingflexibility.Insomeareas,suchasSouthernCaliforniaandSeattle,localgovernmentsareencouragingcompaniestostarttelecommutingprogramsinordertoreducerush-hourcongestionandimproveairquality.

Butthesebenefitsdonotcomeeasily.Makingatelecommutingprogramworkrequirescarefulplanningandanunderstandingofthedifferencesbetweentelecommutingrealitiesandpopularimages.

Manyworkersareseducedbyrosyillusionsoflifeasatelecommuter.AcomputerprogrammerfromNewYorkCitymovestothetranquilAdirondackMountainsandstaysincontactwithherofficeviacomputer.Amanagercomesintohisofficethreedaysaweekandworksathometheothertwo.Anaccountantstayshometocareforhersickchildanddoesofficeworkbetweencallstothedoctor.

Thesearepowerfulimages,buttheyarealimitedreflectionofreality.Telecommutingworkerssoonlearnthatitisalmostimpossibletoconcentrateonworkandcareforayoungchildatthesametime.Beforeacertainage,youngchildrencannotrecognizethenecessaryboundariesbetweenworkandfamily.Additionalchildsupportisnecessaryiftheparentistogetanyworkdone.

Management,too,mustseparatethemythfromreality.Althoughthemediahaspaidagreatdealofattentiontotelecommuting,inmostcasesitistheemployees'situation,nottheavailabilityoftechnologythatprecipitatesatelecommutingarrangement.

Thatispartlywhy,despitethewidespreadpresscoverage,thenumberofcompanieswithwork-at-homeprogramsorpolicyguidelinesremainssmall.

Whichofthefollowingisnotmentionedasaproblemrelatedtoofficework?

A.Wastingtimeintraffic.

B.Theconflictbetweenchild-careandwork.

C.Theinflexibleschedule.

D.Thehighexpenseonofficeequipment.

57.

Accordingtotheauthor,whatiswomen'sstereotypedroleinsociallife?

58.

Theword"curb"(Line1,Para.4)isclosestinmeaningto______.

A.confirmB.controlC.combatD.confront

59.Parentsofwailing(哀號)babies,takecomfort:Youarenotalone.Chimpanzeebabiesfuss.Seagullchickssquawk.Buryingbeetlelarvaetaptheirparents'legs.Throughouttheanimalkingdom,babiesknowhowtogettheirparents'attention.Exactlywhyevolutionhasproducedallthisfussing,squawkingandtappingisaquestionmanybiologistsaretryingtoanswer.

Someday,thatanswermayshedsomelightonthemysteryofcryinginhumanbabies."Itmaypointresearchersintherightdirectiontofindthecausesofexcessivecrying,"saidJosephSoltis,abioacousticsexpertatDisney'sAnimalKingdominLakeBuenaVista,Florida.SoltispublishedanarticleontheevolutionofcryinginthecurrentissueofBehavioralandBrainSciences.

Younganimalsvaryinhowmuchtheycry,squawkorotherwisecommunicatewiththeirparents,andstudieswithmice,beetlesandmonkeysshowthatthisvariationispartlybasedongenes.Somelevelofcryinginhumans,ofcourse,isbasedongaspainsandmessydiapers.Butasforthegeneticcontribution,youmightexpectthatnaturalselectionwouldfavorgenesfornoisierchildren,sincetheywouldgetmoreattention.

Beforelong,however,thissortofdeceptionmayberuinous.Ifthesignalsofoffspringbecametotallyunreliable,parentswouldnolongerbenefitfrompayingattention.Someevolutionarybiologistshaveproposedthatnaturalselectionshouldthereforefavorso-calledhonestadvertisements.Somebiologistshavespeculatedthatthesehonestadvertisementsmaynotjusttellaparentwhichoffspringarehungry.Theymightalsoshowtheirparentthattheyarehealthyandvigorousandthereforeworthsomeextrainvestment.Thebabiesofmonkeyscryouttotheirmothersandtendtocryevenmorearoundthetimetheirmotherswean(斷奶)them.Themothers,inresponse,begintoignoremostoftheirbabies'distresscalls,sincemostturnouttobefalsealarms."Initially,mothersrespondanytimeaninfantcries,"saidDarioMaestripieri,aprimatologistattheUniversityofChicago."Butasthecriesincrease,theyrespondlessandless.Theybecomemoreskeptical.Soinfantsstartcryingless.Sotheygothroughthesecycles,adjustingtheirresponses."

KimBard,aprimatologistattheUniversityofPlymouthinEngland,hasspentmorethanadecadeobservingchimpanzeebabies."Chimpscancryforalongtimeifsomethingterribleishappeningtothem,butwhenyoupickthemup,theystop,"Bardsaid."I'veneverseenanychimpanzeesinthefirstthreemonthsoflifebeinconsolable."

Maestripieriandotherresearcherssaytheseevolutionaryforcesmayhavealsoshapedthecriesofhumanbabies."Allprimateinfantscry,"Maestripierisaid."It'saveryconservedbehavior.It'snotsomethinghumanshaveevolvedontheirown."

Whatcanbethemostprobabletitleofthispassage?

A.ParentsBotheredbyBabies'Cry

B.InfantsCryingforParents'Attention

C.CluesfromAnimalsonWhyBabiesCry

D.FalseCry

60.

hesecondparagraphsuggeststhat______.

A.youngpeoplehavemorerigidideasaboutmaleorfemaleworkthantheirparentsdo

B.bothyoungpeopleandparentshavemorerigidideasaboutmaleorfemaleworkthantheirparentsdo

C.parentshavelessrigidideasaboutmaleorfemaleworkthantheirchildrendo

D.youngpeoplehavelessrigidideasaboutmaleorfemaleworkthantheirparentsdo

四、5.ErrorCorrection(5題)61.【S3】

62.【S8】

63.

【S5】

64.【S10】

65.

【S2】

五、6.Translation(5題)66.Onlythehardiestanimals__________(才能在嚴(yán)寒中生存).

67.Notuntilseveralmonthslater________________(我才意識到自己當(dāng)時幼稚無知)。

68.Theyoungmaninsisted______（他沒有做錯什么應(yīng)該被釋放).

69.Thiswasnotthefirsttime______(他背叛我們).

70.Banksandotherfinancialinstitutionsare______(城市發(fā)展的促進因素).

參考答案

1.A解析：細節(jié)辨認題。題干問凱利服務(wù)公司都接觸哪種類型的公司