A)A)HeloveshispresentHeisgoingtoopenaHeisabouttoHeworksinarepairA)ShehasconfidenceinShehasalsowonaSheissurprisedattheSheisnotinterestedintheA)HisonlysonisHismotherdiedsometimeHedidn’tlikeafterhissickHehasn’ttakengoodcareofhisA)AttheInatravelIna AtthereceptionA)HeisnotequaltotheHeisnotwellpaidforhisHedoesn’tthinkthejobischallengingHecannotkeephismindonhisA)Thetalkshaven’tstartedThetalkshaven’tachievedThetalkshaveproducedageneralThetalksbrokedownandcouldgotoA)HelphimtocarrysomeGetsometravellhimthewaytotheleftluggageLookaftersomethingforSectionDirections:Inthissection,youwillhear3shortpassages.Attheendofeachpassage,youwillhearsomequestions.Boththepassageandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaquestion,youmustchoosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).ThenmarkthecorrespondingletterontheAnswerSheetwithasinglelinethroughthecentre.PassageQuestions11to13arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustA)CrowdedairThelargesizeofairMistakesbyairtrafficBadA)TheybumpedintoeachotheroveraswimmingTheyavoidedeachotherbyturningindifferentTheynarrowlyescapedcrashingintoeachOneneclimbedabovetheotheratthecriticalA)ToshowthekeyroleyedbyairtrafficToshowthegreatresponsibilityshoulderedbytheTogiveanexampleofairToshowthatairtravelisfarsaferthandrivingaPassageQuestions14to17arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustA)HeruniqueHerfutureHerfavoriteHerlonelyA)AgoodGoodA)ShewillliveanemptyShewillworkinaShewillremainShewillearnalotofA)SheshouldfindagoodSheshouldopenasmallSheshouldhavemorecontroloverherSheshouldgetPassageQuestions18to20arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustA)Inday-carecenterswherelittlechildrenweretakencareInareasinChicagopoorpeopleInceswherehotlunchwasprovidedforfactoryInschools classeswereorganizedforyoungA)ForyoungpeopleandForForfactoryForpoorcityA)JaneAdams’contributionstoJaneAdams’struggleforwomen’sJaneAdams’lifeJaneAdams’responsibilityforthePartIIReadingComprehension(35Directions:Thereare4readingpassagesinthispart.Eachpassageisfollowingbysomequestionsorunfinishedstatements-ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).YoushoulddecideonthebestchoiceandmarktheandmarkthecorrespondingletterontheAnswerSheetwithasinglelinethroughthecentre.Questions21to25arebasedonthefollowingItissaidthatthepublicandCongressionalconcernaboutdeceptivepackagingrumpusstartedbecauseSenatorHartdiscoveredthattheboxesofcerealsconsumedbyhim,Mrs.Hart,andtheirchildrenwere inghigherandnarrower,withadeclineofnetweightfrom12to10.5ounces,withoutanyreductioninprice.Therewerestilltwelvebiscuits,buttheyhadbeenreducedinsize.Later,theSenatorrightlycominedofastore-boughtpieinahandsomelyillustratedboxthatpictured,inasingleslice,almostasmanycherriesastherewereinthewholepie.Themanufacturerwhoincreasestheunitpriceofhisproductbychanginghispackagesizetolowerthetydeliveredcan,withoutunduehardship,puthisproductintoboxes,bags,andtinsthatwillcontaineven4-ounce,8-ounce,one-pound,two-poundtiesofbreakfastfoods,cakemixes,etc.Astudyofdrugstoreandsupermarketshelveswillconvinceanyobserverthatallpossiblesizeandshapesofboxes,jars,bottles,andtinsareinuseatthesametimeand,asthepackagejournalsshow,weekbyweek,thereisneveranyhesitationinintroducinganewsize,andshapeofboxorbottlewhenitaidsinproductdifferentiation.Theproducersofpackagedproductsarguestronglyagainstchangingsizesofpackagestocontainevenweightsandvolumes,butnooneinthetradecommentsunfavorablyonthehugecostsincurredbyendlesschangesofpackagesizes,materials,shape,artwork,andnetweightsthatareusedforimprovingaproduct’smarketposition.Whenapackagingexpertexinedthathewasabletomultiplythepriceofhardsweetsby2.5,from1dollarto2.50dollarsbychangingtoafancyjar,orthathehadmadea5-ouncebottlelookasthoughitheld8ounces,hewasineffectlingthepublicthatpackagingcanbeaveryexpensiveluxury.Itevidentlydoescomehigh,whenanaveragefamilypaysabout200dollarsayearforbottles,cans,boxes,jarsandothercontainers,mostofwhichcan’tbeusedanythingbutstuffingthegarbagecan.WhatstartedthepublicandCongressionalconcernaboutdeceptivepackagingConsumers’comintsaboutthechangesinthepackageExpensivepackagingforpoorqualityAsenator’sdiscoveryofthetricksinTheriseintheunitpriceformanyTheword“undue”(Para.2)means Consumersareconcernedaboutthechangesinthepackagesize,mainly theyhatetoseeanychangesinthingstheyarefamiliartheyunitpriceforaproductoftenrisesasatheyhavetopayforthecostofchangingpackagethisentailsanincreaseinthecostofAccordingtothispassage,varioustypesofpackagingcomeintoexistence meettheneedsofsuitallkindsofenhancethemarketpositionofintroducenewTheauthoriscriticalmainlyof dishonestinferiorthechangesinpackageexaggeratedillustrationsonQuestions26to30arebasedonthefollowingIfsustainablecompetitiveadvantagedependsonwork-skills,Americanfirmshaveaproblem.Human-resourcemanagementisnottraditionallyseenascentraltothecompetitivesurvivalofthefirminUnitedStates.Skillacquisitionisconsideredanindividualresponsibility.Labourissimplyanotherfactorofproductiontobehired-rentedatthelowestpossiblecost-muchasonebuysrawmaterialsorequipment.Thelackofimportanceattachedtohuman-resourcemanagementcanbeseeninthecorporatehierarchy.InanAmericanfirmthechieffinancialofficerisalmostalwayssecondincommand.Thepostofheadofhuman-resourcemanagementisusuallyaspecializedjob,offattheedgeofthecorporatehierarchy.TheexecutivewhoholdsitisneverconsultedonmajorstrategicdecisionsandhasnochancetomoveuptoChiefExecutiveOfficer(CEO).Bywayofcontrast,inJapantheheadofhuman-resourcemanagementiscentral-usuallythesecondmostimportantexecutive,aftertheCEO,inthefirm’shierarchy.WhileAmericanfirmsoftentalkaboutthevastamountsspentontrainingtheirworks,infacttheyinvestlessintheskillsoftheiremployeesthandoeitherJapaneseorGermanfirms.Themoneytheydoinvestisalsomorehighlyconcentratedonprofessionalandmanagerialemployees.AndthelimitedinvestmentsthataremadeintrainingworkersarealsomuchmorenarrowlyfocusedonthespecificskillsnecessarytodothenextjobratherthanonthebasicbackgroundskillsthatmakeitpossibletoabsorbnewAsaresult,problemsemergewhennewbreakthrougharrive.IfAmericanworkers,forexample,takemuchlongertolearnhowtooperatenewflexiblemanufacturingstationsthanworkersinGermany(astheydo),theeffectivecostofthosestationsislowerinGermanythanitisintheUnitedStates.Moretimeisrequiredbeforeequipmentisupandrunningatcapacity,andtheneedforextensiveretraininggeneratescostsandcreatesbottlenecksthatlimitthespeedwithwhichnewequipmentcanbeemployed.Theresultisaslowerpaceoftechnologicalchange.Andintheendtheskillsofthepopulationaffectthewagesofthetophalf.Ifthebottomhalfcan’teffectivelystafftheprocessesthathavetobeoperated,themanagementandprofessionaljobsthattowiththeseprocesseswilldisappear.WhichofthefollowingappliestothemanagementofhumanresourcesinAmericanTheyhirepeopleatthelowestcostregardlessoftheirTheyseethegainingofskillsastheiremployees’ownTheyattachmoreimportancetoworkersthanTheyonlyhireskilledworkersbecauseofkeenWhatisthepositionoftheheadofhuman-resourcemanagementinanAmericanHeisoneofthemostimportantexecutivesinHispostislikelytodisappearwhennewareHeisdirectlyunderthechieffinancialexecutivesintheHehasnosayinmakingimportantdecisionsintheThemoneymostAmericanfirmsputintrainingmainlygoesto workerswhocanoperatenewtechnologicalandmanagerialworkerswholackbasicbackgroundtopAccordingtothepassages,thedecisivefactorinmaintainingafirm’scompetitiveadvantageis theintroductionofnewtheimprovementofworker’sbasictherationalcompositionofprofessionalandmanagerialtheattaentofimportancetothebottomhalfoftheWhatisthemainideaoftheAmericanfirmsaredifferentfromJapaneseandGermanfirmsinhuman-resourceExtensiveretrainingisindispensabletoeffectivehuman-resourceTheheadofhuman-resourcemanagementmustbeinthecentralpositioninafirm’sThehuman-resourcemanagementstrategiesofAmericanfirmsaffecttheircompetitivecapacity.Questions31to35arebasedonthefollowingThebiographerhastodancebetweentwoshakypositionswithrespecttothesubject.Tooclosearelation,andthewritermaybeobjectivity.Notcloseenough,andthewritermaylackthesympathynecessarytoanyefforttoportrayamind,asoul-thequalityoflife.Whoshouldwritethebiographyofafamily,forexample?Becauseoftheirclosenesstosubject,familymembersmayhavespecialinformation,butbythesametoken,theymaynothavethedistancethatwouldallowthemtobefair.Similarly,aking’sservantmightnotbethebestonetowriteabiographyofthatking.Butaforeignermightnothavetheknowledgeandsympathynecessarytowritetheking’sbiography-notforareadershipfromwithinthekingdom,atanyrate.Thereisnoidealpositionforsuchatask.Thebiographerhastoworkwiththepositionheorshehasintheworld,adjustingthatpositionasnecessarytodealwiththesubject.Everypositionhasstrengthsandweaknesses:tothrive,awritermusttryto eawareofthese,evaluatethemintermsofthesubject,andselectapositionaccordingly.Whentheirsubjectsareheroesorfamousfigures,biographiesoftenrevealademocraticmotive:theyattempttoshowthattheirsubjectsareonlyhuman,nobetterthananyoneelse.Otherbiographiesaremeanttochangeus,toinviteusto ebetterthanweare.ThebiographiesofJesusfoundintheBibleareinthisclass.Biographersmayclaimthattheiraccountisthe“authentic”one.Inadvancingthisclaim,theyarehelpedifthebiographyis“authorized”bythesubject,thispresumablyallowsthebiographerspecialaccesstoprivateinformation.“Unauthorized”biographiesalsohavetheirappeal,however,sincetheycansuggestanindependenceofmindinthebiographer.Inbookpromotions,the“unauthorized”characterisationusuallysuggeststhebiographies,evenseveral“authentic”ones.Wesenseintuitivelythatnooneisinapositiontolthestoryofalife,perhapsnoteventhesubject,andthishasbeenprovedbythehistoryofbiography.Accordingtotheauthor,anidealbiographerwouldbeonewho knowsthesubjectverywellandyetmaintainsaproperdistancefromisclosetothesubjectandknowsthetechniquesofbiographyisindependentandtreatsthesubjectwithfairnessandpossessesspecialprivateinformationandissympathetictowardtheTheauthorcitesthebiographiesofJesusintheBibleinordertoshowthat thebestbiographiesaremeanttotransformtheirbiographiesareauthenticaccountsoftheirsubjects’thebestbiographiesaretheofheroesandfamousbiographiescanservedifferentWhichofthefollowingstatementsistrue,accordingtotheAnauthenticbiographyseldomappealstoitsAnauthenticbiographyisoneauthorizedbytheNoonecanwriteaperfectAuthorizedbiographieshaveawiderAnunauthorizedbiographyislikelytoattractmorereadersbecause itportraysthesubjectbothfaithfullyanditcontainsinterestinginformationaboutthesubject’sprivateitrevealsalotofaccuratedetailsunknowntoitusuallygivesasympatheticdescriptionofthesubject’sInthispassage,theauthorfocuseson thedifficultyofabiographerinfindingthepropertodohisthesecretofabiographertowinmorethetechniquesrequiredofabiographertowriteafoodthecharacteristicsofdifferentkindsofQuestions36to40arebasedonthefollowingWhethertheeyesare“thewindowsofthesoul”isdebatable,thattheyareintenselyimportantininter alcommunicationisafact.Duringthefirsttwomonthsofababy’slife,thestimulusthatproducesasisapairofeyes.Theeyesneednotbereal:amaskwithtwodotswillproduceas.Significantly,arealhumanfacewitheyesthenthefacewillnotmotivateas,norwillthesightofonlyoneeyethenthefaceispresentedinprofile.Thisattractiontoeyesasopposedtothenoseormouthcontinuesasthebabymatures.Inonestudy,whenAmericanfour-year-oldswereaskedtodrawpeople,75percentofthemdrewpeoplewithmouths,but99percentofthemdrewpeoplewitheyes.InJapan,however,wherebabiesarecarriedontheirmother’sback,infantstonotacquireasmuchattaenttoeyesastheydoinothercultures.Asaresult,Japaneseadultsmakelittleuseofthefaceeithertoencodeordecodemeaning.Infact,Argylerevealsthatthe“propercetofocusone’sgazeduringaconversationinJapanisontheneckofone’sconversationpartner.”TheroleofeyecontactinaconversationalexchangebetweentwoAmericansiswelldefined:speakersmakecontactwiththeeyesoftheirlistenerforaboutonesecond,thenglanceawayastheytalk;inafewmomentstheyre-establisheyecontactwiththelistenerorreassurethemselvesthattheiraudienceisstillattentive,thenshifttheirgazeawayoncemore.Listeners,meanwhile,keeptheireyesonthefaceofthespeaker,allowingthemselves-toglanceawayonlybriefly.Itisimportantthattheybelookingatthespeakeratthe`precisemomentwhenthespeakerreestablisheseyecontact:iftheyarenotlooking,thespeakerassumesthattheyaredisinterestedandeitherwillpauseuntileyecontactisresumedorwillterminatetheconversation.Justhowcriticalthiseyemaneuveringistothemaintenanceofconversationalflow esevidentwhentwospeakersarewearingdarkglasses:theremaybeasortoftrafficjamofwordscausedbyinterruption,falsestarts,andunpredictablepauses.Theauthorisconvincedthattheeyesare ofextremeimportanceinexpressingfeelingsandexchangingsomethingthroughwhichonecansee ’sinnerofconsiderablesignificanceinmakingconversationssomethingthevalueofwhichislargelyamatteroflongBabieswillnotbestimulatedtosby whosefrontviewisfullywhosefaceiscoveredwithawhosefaceisseenfromthewhosefaceisofanyAccordingtothepassage,theJapanesefixtheirgazeontheirconversationpartner’sneckbecause theydon’tliketokeeptheireyesonthefaceofthetheyneednotcommunicatethrougheyetheydon’tthinkitpolitetohaveeyetheydidn’thavemuchopportunitytocommunicatethrougheyecontactinAccordingtothepassage,aconversationbetweentwoAmericansmaybreakdowndueto onetemporarilyglancingawayfromtheeyecontactofmorethanoneimproperly-timedceasingofeyeconstantadjustmentofeyeTokeepaconversationflowingsmoothly,itisbetterfortheparticipants nottoweardarknottomakeanynottoglanceawayfromeachnottomakeunpredictablePartIIIVocabularyandDirections:Thereare30 pletesentencesinthispert.ForeachsentencetherearefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).ChoosetheONEthatbestcompletesthesentence.ThenmarkthecorrespondingletterontheAnswerSheetwithasinglelinethroughthecentre.By computation,heestimatedthattherepairsonthehousewouldcosthimathousanddollars.Yourstoryaboutthefrogturningintoaprinceis Icouldseethatmywifewas havingthatfurcoat,whetherIapprovedofitornot.adequateintentshortdeficientThe runnercanrun2infifteenOneofhiseyeswasinjuredinanaccident,butafteraoperation,hequicklyrecoveredhissight.Asanexcellentshooter,Peterpractisedaimingatboth targetsandmovingInAmericanuniversities,classesareoftenarrangedinmoreflexible manyjobsoncampusareforstudents.The paidhim$10,000in afterhisThepoliticalfutureoftheisnowhangingbya Thestatuewouldbeperfectbutforafewsmall initsweaknessesc)D)Whyshouldanyonewanttoread ofbooksbygreatauthorswhentherealpleasurecomesfromreadingtheoriginals.Parentshavealegal toensurethattheirchildrenareprovidedwithefficienteducationsuitabletotheirage.Mostnursesarewomen,butinthehigherranksofthemedicalprofessionwomenareina Davidlikescountrylifeandhasdecidedto goingobackgothroughgoalongJackwasabouttoannounceournbutI puthimturnedhimgavehimcuthimIamsureIcan himintolettingusstayinthe forthelLastyear,thecrimerateinChicagohassharply Therepublicationofthepet’smostrecentworkswillcertainly hisnationalRecentlyanumberofcaseshavebeenreportedofyoungchildren aviolentactpreviouslyseenonevision.Thiskindofmaterialcan heatandReading themindonlywithmaterialsofknowledge;itisthinkingthatmakeswhatwereadours.Ifthefirealarmissounded,allresidentsarerequestedto intheTheworkintheofficewas byaconstantstreamofThejoysoftravel,havinglong thedisabled,areopeninguptovirtuallyanyonewhohasthemeans.Fewerandfeweroftoday’sworkersexpecttospendtheirworkinglivesinthesamefield, thesameallmuchlessletWhenhefinallyemergedfromthecaveafterthirtydays,Johnwas Thankyouforapplyingforapositionwithourfirm.Wedonothaveanyopeningsatthistime,butweshallkeepyourapplicationon fortwomonths.Itwillbesafertowalkthestreetsbecausepeoplewillnotneedtocarrylargeamountsofcash;virtuallyallfinancial willbeconductedbycomputer.Theofaculturalphenomenonisusuallyalogicalconsequenceofsomephysicalaspectinthelifestyleofthepeople.ThenewtechnologicalrevolutioninAmericannewspapershasbroughtincrease,awiderrangeofpublicationsandanexpansionofnewspaperjobs.PartIVshortAnswerQuestions(15Directions:Inthispartthereisashortpassagewithfivequestionsor statements.Readthepassagecarefully.Thenanswerthequestionsorcompletethestatementsisthefewestpossibleword.IonceknewadognamedNewtonwhohadauniquesenseofhumour.WheneverItossedoutaFrisbeeforhimtochase,he’dtakeoffinhotpursuitbutthenseemtolosetrackofit.Movingbackandforthonlyayardoftwofromthetoy,Newtonwouldlookallaround,evenupintothetrees.Heseemedgenuinelypuzzled.Finally,I’dgiveupandheadintothefieldtohelphimout.ButnosoonerwouldIgetwithin10ft.OfhimthanhewouldruninvariablystraightovertotheFrisbee,grabitandstartrunninglikemad,lookingoverhisshoulderwithwhatlookedsuspiciouslylikeagrin.Justabouteverypetownerhasastorylikethisandiseagertoshareitwithanyonewhowilllisten.Onveryshortnotice,TIMEreporterscamupwith25storiesaboutwhateachisconvincedisthesmartestpetintheworld.Amongthem:thecatwhoclosesthedoorbehindhimwhenhegoesintothebathroom;thecatwhousesatoiletinsteadofalitterbox...andflushesitafterward;thedogwhogoeswildwhenheseeshisownerputtingonbluensinsteadofadressbecausensmeanitistimetoy;andthecatwhousedtowaitpatientlyatthebusstopeverydayforalittlegirl,thenwalkherthesixblockshome.Andsoon.Thesebehavioursarecertainlyclever,butwhatdotheymean?WasNewtonreallydeceiving?Canacatreallydesireprivacyinthetoilet?Inshort,dohouseholdpetsreallyhaveamentalandemotionallife?Theirownersthinkso,butuntilrecently,animal-behaviourexportswouldhavegonemadonhearingsuchaquestion.Theworstsinintheworstsinintheirmoralvocabularywasanthropomorphism,projectinghumantraitsontoanimals.Adogoracatmightbehaveasifitwereangry,lonely,sad,happyorconfused,butthatwasonlyintheeyeoftheviewer.Whatwasgoingon,theyinsistedwasthatthedogorcathadbeenconditioned,throughaperhapsunintentionalseriesofpunishmentsandrewards,thebehavecertainway.Thebehaviourwasamechanicalresultofthetraining.WhatdidNewtonseempuzzledWhydoestheauthorsayNewtonhaduniquesenseofWhatmadeitpossiblefortheTIMEreporterstocomeupwithsomanyinterestingstoriesaboutpets?WhatbeliefaboutpetbehaviourwasunacceptabletoexpertsofanimalWhatistheexnationofanimal-behaviourexpertsforthe“clever”behaviourofPartVWriting(30Directions:Forthispart,youareallowedthirtyminutestowriteacompositiononthetopicMyViewonJob-Hop.Youshouldwriteatleast120wordsandyoushouldabaseyourcompositionontheoutline(givenin)below:有些人喜歡始終從事一種工作,因為有些人喜歡經常更換工作,因為MyViewonJob-19976Part 9.20.PartIIReadingComprehension(359.40.PartIIIVocabularyand8.69.70.PartIVShortAnswerNotknowingtheFrisbee’sBecauseNewtonintendedtodeceiveThattheownerswantotherstosharetheirThatanimalshaveamentalandemotionalMechanicalresultof1997年6月六級原W:Goodmorning.I’mheretoseeMr.M:Mr.AdisonwenttoWashingtonlastMondayforaconferenceandhewillbebackonThursdaynight.Ifyoulike,youmaycomeagainonFridaymorning?Q:WhenwillMr.AdisonM:IwonderwhetheritwouldbepossibletochangethisdoubleroomtotwosingleW:Sorry,sir.Allthesingleroomsareoccupied.Butifyoulike,IcancheckwithImperialHo toseeiftheyhaveany.Q:What’sthewomangoingtodofortheM:Billwasagreatguy.HewasdrownedwhilerescuingachildfromtheicywateroftheriverW:Well,asfarasIknow,thatwasnotthefirstdangeroussituationhewasin.Q:WhichofthefollowingbestdescribesBill?W:It’sgoodtoseeyouagain.Whatareyoungthesedays?You’restillworkingatthesamece,aren’tyou?M:Yes,Iam.AndI’mcountingthedaysuntilretirement?Q:Whatcanwelearnabouttheman?M:Susan,haveyoureadthenoticeonthebulletinboard?I’vewonthescholarshipforthenextW:Iknowyouwould.Youcertainlydeserveit.Q:Whatdoesthewomanmean?M:WhatkindoffatheramI?MyonlysonalmostdiedandIdidn’tevenknowhewasW:Don’tblameyourself.Youaretoobusytopayattentiontohim.Ifhismotherwerestillalive,thingswouldhavebeenmuchbetter.Q:WhydoesthemanblameM:I’vejustgotbackfromtheholidayyouarrangedforme.ButImustlyouthehowasreallyawful.Itwasfromthesea.Thefoodwasawfultoo.Thebedroomwasdirty.W:Sorryaboutthat.Butit’snotreallyourfault.Thecontractdoessaythatthehomodationisnotourresponsibility.Q:WhereisthisconversationprobablytakingW:Supposethe offeryouapayraiseof50%,wouldyoubesodeterminedtoleaveandlookforajobaswell?M:Yes,I’vesetmyminddownonit.I’dliketofindajobwithfullscopetoshowmyQ:Whyhasthemandecidedtoleave M:Howaretheirtalksgoingon?HavereachedanyW:Theyonlyseemtohaveagreedtosetanotherdateforfurthertalks.Q:Whatcanweinferfromtheconversation?M:Excuseme,Madame,couldIleavethishereforafewhours,W:Well,it’sabit-er-unusual,isn’tit?Whynotgototheleft-luggageofficeoverthere?Q:Whatdoesthemanaskthewomantodo?PassageToday,airtravelisfarsaferthandrivingacaronabusymotorway.Butthereisthedangerthatgrowseveryyear.Fromthemomenttheairnetakesofftothemomentitlands,everymovementiswatchedonradarscreens.Airtrafficcontrollerslthepilotexactlywhentoturn,whentoclimbandwhentocomedown.Theairtrafficcontrollersaroundthebusyairportmayhandle1,000nesaday.Anynethatfliesneartheairportcomesundertheordersofthecontrollersthere.Evenasmallmistakeontheirpartcouldcauseadisaster.Recently,suchadisasteralmosthappened.Twolargejetswereflyingtowardstheairport.Onewascarrying69passengersandhadcomefromToronto;theotherwascarrying176passengersfromChicago.Anairtrafficcontrollernoticedonhisradarscreenthatthetwonesweretooclosetoeachother.Heorderedonetoturntotherighttoclimb,buthemadeamistake.Heorderedthewrongnetodothis,so,insteadofturningawayfromthesecondne.Thefirstneturnedtowardsit.15secondslater,itflewdirectlyinfrontofthesecondne.Theyavoidedeachothe