Unit3UndertheseaⅠ閱讀理解A（2018·四川成都高中畢業班檢測）FansofthemovieFindingNemomayremembertheterrifyingfishthatscaresDoryandMarlinatthebottomofatrench.Butinrealitythis“monster”，ablackseadevil，isonlyabout9cmlong，whichwouldmakeitaboutathirdofthesizeofDoryandpotentiallysmallerthanMarlinorNemo.Whilethisinaccuracymayseemharmless，itcouldcauseproblemsforfutureconservationefforts，aspeoplearemorelikelytosupportconservationofadorableratherthanscary-lookinganimals.Theblackseadevilisjustoneofthemysterious“monsters”.From2000to2010，scientistsdescribedabout1，200newspeciesintheCensusofMarineLife.Whilethisfiguremayseemastonishing，afurther5，000individualdeadcreaturesareinspecimen（標本）jars，waitingtobedescribed.Specimensmustbemethodicallycollected，identified，andthentheidentityofnewdeep-waterspeciesmustbeconfirmed.Ifwecallunusualdeep-seaanimalsmonsters，thenwemayharmtheirconservationaspeopleareunlikelytobeconnectedwiththemorcareaboutsavingthem.Ontheotherhand，theirrarityclearlymakesthempopularonsocialmediasites.Forotherspecies，thishasalreadyresultedinincreasesinillegaltradingforunusualpets.Deep-seaspeciesmaypotentiallybecomeillegallyobtainedspecimensorfood.Humansmayendupeatingtheseanimalsofthedeepseatoextinctionbeforetheirspeciesareevenknowntoscience.Everyhabitatonearthisinterconnected，andwhateverweashumansdohasaninfluenceonmarineecosystems.Inreality，about80%ofouroxygenisproducedbymicroorganisms（微生物）intheoceans.Thismakesouroceansboththelungsandlifebloodofourplanetandwemustalltryhardertosavethem.【解題導語】本文主要從電影里對深海物種的不正確認識，談到了保護深海物種的重要性。11.Whatcanweknowabouttheblackseadevilinreality？A.Peoplebenefitgreatlyfromtheoxygenproducedbyit.B.ItsbodysizeisabigthreattofishlikeDoryandNemo.C.Itsscaryappearancewillcauseproblemsforconservation.D.Peopledidn’tknowmuchaboutitwhenfilmingFinding.NemoD分析：推理判斷題。依據第一段中的“theterrifyingfishthatscaresDoryandMarlin”并聯合第二段的整體內容可知，拍攝這部電影時，人們對這類物種認識極少，應選D。2.Whatdoestheauthorthinkoftheprogressofdescribingnewspecies？A.Acceptable.B．Surprising.C.Unsatisfying.D．Hopeless.分析：看法態度題。依據第四段的最后一句可推知，作者以為科學家對大海新物種的研究不可以令人滿意，應選C。3.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“this”inParagraph7probablyreferto？A.Theirpopularityonsocialmediasites.B.Theirrarityamongseacreatures.C.Theirconservationbeingharmed.D.Theirimportancebeingignored.分析：代詞指代題。依據第七段的第一句可推知，此處的this指代上文罕有物種在交際媒體網站上受喜愛的情況，應選A。4.Whatcanweinferaboutthoseunusualseaanimals？A.Theyarethelungsandlifebloodofourplanet.B.Confirmingtheiridentityisveryurgentforprotection.C.Mostofthemarebecomingillegallyobtainedspecimens.D.Adorableonesaremorelikelytobepostedonsocialmediasites.分析：推理判斷題。依據倒數第三段可推知，科學地認知罕有物種關于對這些物種的保護很緊急，應選B。BPeoplewhopossesshighself-esteemareabletocommitbetterandproduceanotvaluethemselves，butwithloveandself-respectanyonecanbeabovenormalityandgraspsuccesswiththefamily，theoffice，orothers.Wehavebecometooreliantonintelligence，beauty，andmoneyforourownself-esteem.Thelossofesteemreducesthewillandabilitytosetandreachgoals.2InaseriesofreadingDouglasteacheshowtoavoidnegativestatements，howtochangethemintoself-facingbehavior，andhowtotakechargeofyourmentalattitude.Whereothermotivationalandself-helpworkstopswiththetheoreticalplanforsuccess，Douglastakeseverydayexamplesandputsthemintohisbooks.Fromraisingchildrenwhobelieveinthemselvestousingself-esteemtohelpbridgethegapintheworkplace，hegivesreadersconcretesolutionstotheproblemsthatmightruintheirinterpersonalrelations.Self-esteembuildingcomesfromfillingyourthoughtswithpositiveaffirmations（一定）andlearningtoreacttofailureswithmotivationinsteadofself-destruction.Theselessonsarevaluableforanyonewhofeelsthatlifeisevenslightlyoutofcontrol.Peoplewhofeeltheyhaveadequateesteemcanlearntouseittomaketheirsuccessgrander，faster，andmorebeneficialforothers.Douglasapproachesthisprocessofself-developmentasameansofmorethancreatinggoodthingsfortheindividualbutalsoforsettingupkeysforinfluencinggoodthingsforothers.Formorethanthirtyyears，Dr.Douglashasaddressedmorethantwomillionpeopleontopicsfromtimemanagementtospeakingeffectivelytoraisingdrug-freechildren.Heistheauthoroffifteenbooks，includingHowtoMakeaHabitofSucceeding.【解題導語】本文主要敘述了自尊心強的優勢以及怎樣培育自尊。5.WhatcanweinferfromParagraphOne？A.Mostpeoplebehavewellenough.B.Self-respectmeansbeingabovenormality.C.Self-esteemmattersmuch.D.Committingbetterequalsgreatersuccess.C分析：推理判斷題。依據第一段的整體內容可推知，自尊心很重要，應選C。6.WhydoesDouglasputeverydayexamplesintohisbooks？A.Tobereliantonself-esteem.B.Tosetandreachgoals.C.Toavoidnegativethoughts.D.Toofferconcretesolutions.D分析：細節理解題。依據第二段的最后一句可知，Douglas把平時的詳細事例寫進自己的書里是為了給出詳細的應付方法，應選D。7.Whatdoestheauthoradvisethosewhoselifeisslightlyoutofcontroltodo？3A.Learntobepositive.B．Faceitunmotivatedly.C.Admitself-destruction.D．Askforhelp.分析：細節理解題。依據第三段的前兩句可知，關于那些感覺生活有些失控的人，作者建議他們一定自己，踴躍應付，應選A。8.What’sthemostimportanttobeself-development？A.Influencingtheindividual.B.Influencingmorepeople.C.Gainingmorebenefits.D.Speakingmoreeffectively.分析：細節理解題。依據第三段的最后一句可知，自我發展最重要的是影響更多的人，應選B。Ⅱ完形填空2018·甘肅第一次診療）Asachild，Janewasfondofanimals.Asaconsequence，whenshewasgrowingup，allsheeverheardwasasfollows，“Jane，youshouldbea（n）1Ｗ.You’regoingtoachievegreatsuccessinthatfield.That’stheverythingyoushoulddointhefuture.”SowhenshegottotheOhioStateUniversity，shetookbiology，chemistryandsomeother2，studyinghardtobeavet.Lateron，shewonaRotaryAmbassadorialScholarship，whichallowedhertospendher3yearstudyingabroadinManchester，England.Awayfromthefamilyandthe4fromthem，shefoundherselfonedaysittingatherdesk，surroundedbybiologybooksandstaringoutofthewindow，whenitsuddenlyhither：“I’mintotal5Ｗ.Idon’twanttobeavet！”6shethoughtbackoverallthethingsshe’ddoneinherlifeandwhathadmadeherhappy.Andthenithither—itwasalloftheyouthleadershipconferencesthatshehadvolunteeredat7thecommunicationsandleadershipcoursesshehadtakenasselectivecoursesbackatOhioState.“HowcouldIhavebeenso8？HereIaminmyfourthyearatschoolandjustfinally9thatI’monthewrongpath.Ijustnevertookthetimeto10ituntilnow，”shethought.11byhernewthought，JanespenttherestofheryearinEnglandtakingcoursesincommunicationsandmediastudies.When12toOhioState，shewas13abletoconvincetheadministrationtolethercreateherownprogramin“leadershipstudies”，14ittookher2yearslongertofinallygraduate.She15tobecomeaseniormanagementadviserinleadershiptraininganddevelopment4forthePentagon.She16foundedadrug-preventionorganizationthat17themessage，“Leadyourownlifewiththeskillandthe18tosayno.”So，never19someoneelse’sdreams.Ifyoulimityour20onlytowhatseemspossibleorreasonable，youdisconnectyourselffromwhatyoutrulywant.【解題導語】文章敘述了從小喜愛小動物的簡，一開始因為遇到外界的影響，把當一名獸醫、關愛動物作為自己的理想，并在大學學習了有關專業。以后發現，自己真實喜愛的是交際和管理專業，于是簡作出了改變，最后獲得了成就。B．programmerC.doctorD．vetD分析：依據文章第一句提到的簡小時候很喜愛動物，以及該段最后一句中的vet可知，簡老是聽人說她長大后應當成為一名獸醫（vet）。應選D項。B．objectsC.projectsD．programs分析：依據設空前的biology，chemistry可知，此處指簡在大學里學習生物、化學還有其余課程。subject意為“課程”；object意為“物體”；project意為“工程”；program意為“項目”。應選A項。B．secondC.finalD．pastC分析：依據第三段中的fourthyear可知，簡大學最后（final）一年在英國留學。應選C項。B．stressC.complaintD．press分析：由第一段可知，簡在家里的時候，家人在她將來職業的選擇上對她的干涉比較大，而在英國學習時期，遠離了家人，也就沒有了來自家人的壓力。promise意為“承諾”；stress意為“壓力”；complaint意為“訴苦”；press意為“按，壓”。應選B項。B．miseryC.delightD．surpriseB分析：依據下文簡所說的話Idon’twanttobeavet！可知，簡很難過。inmisery意為“難過地”，切合語境。應選B項。invain意為“白費；無用”；indelight意為“高興地”；insurprise意為“吃驚地”。B．InsteadC.PerhapsD．Seldom分析：空后是說她開始回想過去所做的事情和那些讓她快樂的事情。回想這些事情是發5生在她發現自己不想做獸醫以后，應選A項，意為“而后”。instead意為“反而”；perhaps意為“也許；可能”；seldom意為“極少；不常”。B．orC.andD．soC分析：依據語境，youthleadershipconferences和communicationsandleadershipcourses都是簡喜愛的事情，它們之間為并列關系。應選C項。B．ignorantC.intelligentD．lucky分析：依據語境，簡喜愛的是交際和管理方面的課程，而不是獸醫。這里表達的意思是“我怎么這樣無知，大學四年級了才意識到選錯了路（專業）”。ignorant意為“無知的”，切合語境。應選B項。disturbed意為“不安的；煩憂的”；intelligent意為“聰慧的”；lucky意為“好運的”。B．unconsciousC.afraidD．satisfiedA分析：由語境可知，簡想換專業，也就是說她意識到當初選錯了路（專業）。aware意為“意識到的”；unconscious意為“無心識的”；afraid意為“懼怕的”；satisfied意為“滿意的”。應選A項。B．accomplishC.permitD．admitD分析：此處為never/not...until構造。句中it指的是上文所說的“自己當初選錯了專業”，所以，此處指直到此刻她才認可這一點。complete意為“結束”；accomplish意為“達成；實現”；permit意為“同意”；admit意為“認可”。應選D項。B．DisappointedC.EmbarrassedD．Confused分析：依據空后的JanespenttherestofheryearinEnglandtakingcoursesincommunicationsandmediastudies可知，簡遇到新想法的激勵，開始學習通訊和傳媒專業。inspire意為“激勵；激勵”；disappoint意為“使絕望”；embarrass意為“使難堪”；confuse意為“使疑惑”。應選A項。B．returningC.respondingD．referring分析：簡本是在俄亥俄州大學學習，后獲取獎學金去英國學習，此時指在英國學習結束后，簡返回美國俄亥俄州。returnto意為“返回”，切合語境。應選B項。relateto意為“與有關”；respondto意為“回應”；referto意為“波及”。B．especially6C.hardlyD．desperatelyA分析：簡最