第頁淄博市2023高考英語閱讀類系列系列〔29〕及答案本系列訓練一共32份，選自歷年的聯考、質檢、期末考試題，很多訓練題有詳細的解析。完形填空B3[2023·上海卷]Directions:ForeachblankinthefollowingpassagetherearefourwordsorphrasesmarkedA,B,CandD.Fillineachblankwiththewordorphrasethatbestfitsthecontext.PeopleonacollegecampusweremorelikelytogivemoneytotheMarchofDimesiftheywereaskedforadonationbyadisabledwomaninawheelchairthanifaskedbyanondisabledwoman.Inanother__50__，subwayridersinNewYorksawamancarryingastickstumble(絆腳)andfalltothefloor.Sometimesthevictimhadalargeredbirthmarkonhis__51__;sometimeshedidnot.Inthissituation,thevictimwasmorelikelyto__52__aidifhisfacewasspotlessthanifhehadanunattractivebirthmark.In__53__theseandotherresearchfindings，twothemesare__54__:wearemorewillingtohelppeoplewelikeforsomereasonandpeoplewethink__55__assistance.Insomesituations,thosewhoarephysicallyattractivearemorelikelytoreceiveaid.__56__,inafieldstudyresearchersplacedacompletedapplicationtograduateschoolinatelephoneboxattheairport.Theapplicationwasreadytobe__57__，buthadapparentlybeen“lost〞.Thephotoattachedtotheapplicationwassometimesthatofavery__58__personandsometimesthatofalessattractiveperson.Themeasureofhelpingwaswhethertheindividualwhofoundtheenvelopeactuallymaileditornot.Resultsshowedthatpeopleweremorelikelyto__59__theapplicationifthepersoninthephotowasphysicallyattractive.Thedegreeof__60__betweenthepotentialhelperandthepersoninneedisalsoimportant.Forexample,peoplearemorelikelytohelpastrangerwhoisfromthesamecountryratherthanaforeigner.Inonestudy,shoppersonabusystreetinScotlandweremorelikelytohelpapersonwearinga(n)__61__T-shirtthanapersonwearingaT-shirtprintedwithoffensivewords.Whetherapersonreceiveshelpdependsinpartonthe“worth〞ofthecase.Forexample,shoppersinasupermarketweremorelikelytogivesomeone__62__tobuymilkratherthantobuycookies,probablybecausemilkisthoughtmoreessentialfor__63__thancookies.PassengersonaNewYorksubwayweremorelikelytohelpamanwhofelltothegroundifheappearedtobe__64__ratherthan50.A.studyB.wayC.wordD.college51.A.handB.armC.faceD.back52.A.refuseB.begC.loseD.receive53.A.challengingB.recordingC.understandingD.publishing54.A.importantB.possibleC.amusingD.missing55.A.seekB.deserveC.obtainD.accept56.A.AtfirstB.AboveallC.InadditionD.Forexample57.A.printedB.mailedC.rewrittenD.signed58.A.talentedB.good-lookingC.helpfulD.hard-working59.A.sendinB.throwawayC.filloutD.turndown60.A.similarityB.friendshipC.cooperationD.contact61.A.expensiveB.plainC.cheapD.strange62.A.timeB.instructionsC.moneyD.chances63.A.shoppersB.researchC.childrenD.health64.A.talkativeB.handsomeC.calmD.sick【要點綜述】在什么情況下人們更容易得到幫助？研究說明：我們更愿意幫助我們喜歡的人和我們認為值得幫助的人；外表有吸引力比不太有吸引力的人更容易得到幫助；生病跌倒比喝醉跌倒更容易得到幫助等。50.A考查名詞。根據下文theseandotherresearchfindings和inafieldstudy提示，在另一份研究中，所以選A。51.C考查名詞。根據下文ifhisfacewasspotless提示。受害者臉上有一個巨大的紅色胎記。52.D考查動詞。根據下文aremorelikelytoreceiveaid提示選receive。臉上無污點的受害者比有不好看的胎記的受害者更有可能獲得援助。53.C考查動詞。在了解這些和其他研究結果過程中。54.A考查形容詞。發現兩個重要的主題。55.B考查動詞。deserve意為“值得〞。因為某種原因我們更愿意幫助我們喜歡的人和我們認為值得幫助的人。56.D考查介詞短語。下文舉例說明觀點：Insomesituations,thosewhoarephysicallyattractivearemorelikelytoreceiveaid，所以選D。57.B考查動詞。根據下文actuallymaileditornot提示選mailed。意思是申請被郵寄。58.B考查形容詞。附在申請上的照片有時是個相貌好看的人的，有時是一個不太有吸引力的人的。59.A考查動詞短語。結果說明，如果照片上的人外表上有吸引力，人們更可能遞送這個申請。sendin意為“遞送〞。60.A考查名詞。在潛在的提供幫助的人和有需要的人之間的相似程度也很重要。61.B考查形容詞。T恤上印有攻擊性的話和樸素的T恤相比照。plain意為“簡樸的；樸素的〞。62.C考查名詞。根據常識應該給錢買牛奶。63.D考查名詞。對健康來說，牛奶被認為比餅干更重要。64.D考查形容詞。生病跌倒的似乎比喝醉跌倒的更容易得到幫助。*******************************************************結束〔201***·全國II〕短文改錯〔共10小題；每題1.5分，總分值15分〕此題要求改正所給短文中的錯誤。對標有題號的每一行作出判斷：如無錯誤，在答題卡該行右邊橫線上畫一個勾〔J〕；如有錯誤〔每行只有一個錯誤〕，那么按以下情況改正：此行多一個詞：在答題卡短文上把多余的詞用斜線〔＼〕劃掉，在答題卡該行右邊橫線上寫出該詞，并也用斜線劃掉。此行缺一個詞：在答題卡短文的缺詞處加一個漏字符號〔八〕，并在答題卡該行右邊橫線上寫出該加的詞。此行錯一個詞：在答題卡短文錯的詞下劃一橫線，并在答題卡該行右邊橫線上寫出改正后的詞。注意：原行沒有錯的不要改。DearGeorge,It'sbeenaweekafterweleftyourfamilyandwearenow76._______backhome.Thankyouverymuchforshowingthemaround77.______yourcityandprovidingusforthewonderfulmeals.After78._______wesaidgoodbyetoyou,wewenttoWashingtonwherewestayedforthreedays.Mybrotherwassomuchfond80._______ofthemuseumstherethathebeggedmyparentstostaying81．________anothercoupleofday.However,myfatherhadtoreturnto82.________workonMondaysoweflybacklastSaturdayafternoon.It83．________wasreallyaniceexperience.Ifyou'dliketomaketripto84._______ourcitysomeday,Iwillbebetterthanhappytobeyourguide.85._______Yours,Mike【參考答案】76.aftersince77.themus78.forwith79.正確80.去掉much81.stayingstay82.daydays83.flyflew84.trip前a85.bettermore**************************************************************結束AsaprofessoratalargeAmericanuniversity，Ioftenhearaphrasefromstudents：“I’monlya1050.〞TheunluckystudentsarespeakingofthescoreontheScholasticAptitudeTest(SAT)，whichisusedtodeterminewhethertheywillbeadmittedtothecollegeoruniversityoftheirchoice，orevenhaveachancetogetahighereducationatall.TheSATscore，whetheritis800,1100or1550，hasbecomethefocusatthistimeoftheirlife.Itisobviousthatifstudentsvaluehighlytheirtestscores，thenagreatamountoftheirself-respectisputinthenumber.Studentswhoperformpoorlyontheexamareleftfeelingthatitisallover.Thelowtestscore，theythink，willmakeitimpossibleforthemtogetintoagoodcollege.Andwithoutadegreefroma_prestigious_university，theyfearthatmanyoflife’sdoorswillremainforeverclosed.Accordingtoastudydoneinthe1990s，theSATisonlyareliableindicatorofastudent’sfutureperformanceinmostcases.Interestingly，itbecomesmuchmoreaccuratewhenitissettogetherwithotherindicators—likeastudent’shighschoolgrades.EvenifstandardizedtestsliketheSATcouldshowastudent’sacademicproficiency(學業水平)，theywillneverbeabletotestthingslikeconfidence，effortsandwillpower，andareunabletogiveusthefullpictureofastudent’spotentialities(潛力).ThisisnottosuggestthatweshouldstopusingSATscoresinourcollegeadmissionprocess.TheSATisanexcellenttestinmanyways，andthescoreisstillausefulmeansoftestingstudents.However，itshouldbeonlyoneofmanymethodsused.1.ThepurposeoftheSATistoteststudents’________.A.strongwillB.academicabilityC.fullpotentialitiesD.confidenceinschoolwork2.Students’self-respectisinfluencedbytheir________.A.scoresintheSATB.achievementsinmathematicsC.jobopportunitiesD.moneyspentoneducation3.Theunderlinedphrase“aprestigiousuniversity〞probablymeans“________〞.A.afamousuniversityB.atechnicaluniversityC.atraditionaluniversityD.anexpensiveuniversity4.Thispassageismainlyabout________.A.howtopreparefortheSATB.stresscausedbytheSATC.AmericanhighereducationD.theSATanditseffects1.However，manyoftheyoungreadersaregettinginterestedinsuchpoisonousreading，whichcoststhemwhattheyshouldpayfortheirbreakfastandbringsthemnightmaresandimmoralideasinreturn.(完形填空第二段倒數第二句)然而，許多年輕的讀者對這些有害刊物非常感興趣，而這些刊物花掉了他們本該去買早飯的錢，反而給他們帶來了噩夢和邪惡的想法。(1)Iboughthimadrinkinreturnforhishelp.我請他喝酒以酬謝他的幫助。(2)Onhisreturnhereportedhisfindingstothecommittee.他一回來就向委員會報告結果。(3)Haveyoureturnedthenoveltothelibrary?那本小說你還給圖書館了嗎？(4)Wedecidedtoreturnblowforblow.我們決定以牙還牙。2.TheunluckystudentsarespeakingofthescoreontheScholasticAptitudeTest(SAT)，whichisusedtodeterminewhethertheywillbeadmittedtothecollegeoruniversityoftheirchoice，orevenhaveachancetogetahighereducationatall.(閱讀理解第一段第二句)這些不幸的學生正談論他們SAT測試的分數，而這分數決定了他們是否能進入他們選擇的高校，或有時機接受更高層次的教育。(1)Eachticketadmitstwopersonstotheparty.每張票可供兩人入場參加聚會。(2)Hewasadmittedtohospitalwithminorburns.他因輕度燒傷而入院。(3)Theschooladmitssixtynewboysandgirlseveryyear.這所學校每年招收六十名男女新生。(4)Headmittedhavingstolenthecar.他招認偷了那輛汽車。3.Itisobviousthatifstudentsvaluehighlytheirtestscores，thenagreatamountoftheirself-respectisputinthenumber.(閱讀理解第二段第一句)很明顯，如果學生重視他們的考試成績，他們就對這些分數投入了大量的自尊。(1)Putinmorewater，willyou?再加些水，好嗎？(2)Heputinaclaimfor￡500damages.他提出一項五百英鎊的賠償要求。(3)Ifyou’rewritingtoyourmother，don’tforgettoputinsomethingabouthercomingtostay.你要是正給你的母親寫信的話，可別忘了再加上幾句請她來住幾天。(4)CouldIputinawordatthispoint?在這點上我可以說句話嗎？答案1.B2.A3.A4.D**********************************************************結束〔201*·重慶卷〕Skepticsareastangelot.Someofthemrefusetoadmittheseriousthreatofhumanactivitiestotheenviroment,andtheyaretiredofpeoplewhodisagreewiththem.Thosepeople,sayskeptics,spreadnothingbutbadnewsabouttheenvironment.The“eco-guilt〞broughtonbythediscouragingnewsaboutourplanetgivesrisetothepopularityofskepticsaspeoplesearchformorecomfortingworldviews.PerhapsthatexplainwhyanewbookbyBjornLomborgreceivedsomuchpublicity.Thatbook,TheSkepticalEnvironmentalist,declaresthatitmeasuresthe“realstateoftheworld〞asfine.Ofcourse,anotherexplanationisthedeeppocketssomebigbusinesseswithspecialintererts.Indeed,Mr.Lomborg’sviewsaresimilartothoseofsomeIndustry-fundedorganizations,whichstarthugeactivitiesthoughthemediatoconfusethepublicaboutissueslikeglobalwarming.SoitwasstrangetoseeMr.Lomborg’sbookgolargelyunchallengedinthemediathoughhisbeliefswerecontrarytomostscientificopinions.OnenationalnewspaperinCanadarananumberofarticlesandreviewsfullofwordsofpraise,evenwiththeconclusionthat“AfterLomborg,theenvironmentalmovementwillbegintodiedown.〞Suchone-sidedviewsshouldhaveimmediatelybeenchallenged.ButonlyadifferentreviewappearedinNature,arespectedsciencemagazinewithspecificreadership.ThereviewremarkedthatMr.Lomborg’s“preferenceforunexaminedmaterialsisincredible(不可信的)〞。Acritical(批判的)eyeisvaluable,andthemediashouldpresentinformationinsuchawaythatcouldallowpeopletomakeinformeddecisions.Unfortunately,thatisofteninaccessibleasblockedbythedesiretobeshockingortodefendsomespecialinterests.Peoplemightbecomehalf-blindbeforeaworldpartiallyexhibitedbythemedia.That’sashame,becausemattersconcerningthehealthoftheplanetarefartooimportantto