2021年教師資格證《英語學科知識與能力》（高級中學）點睛試卷2卷面總分：33分答題時間：240分鐘試卷題量：33題練習次數：8次

單選題（共30題，共30分）

1.Therearesomespeakingactivities.Whichofthefollowingmainlyfocusesontheformandaccuracy?

A.Controlledactivities

B.Semi-controlledactivities

C.Communicativeactivities

D.Problem-solvingactivities

正確答案：A

您的答案：

本題解析：考查口語活動。口語活動有多種方式，其中控制性活動主要重視形式與準確性。

2.Whatistheteacherdoingintermsoferrorcorrection?

S:Igotothetheatrelastnight.

T:Yougotothetheatrelastnight?

A.Correctingthestudent'smistake

B.Hintingthatthereisamistake

C.Encouragingpeercorrection

D.Askingthestudentwhetherhereallywenttothetheatre

正確答案：B

您的答案：

本題解析：考查課堂糾錯行為。教師是在暗示學生的話里有錯誤。

3.Whattypeofsentenceis"Tomlikesapples,butTimlikespears."?

A.Asimplesentence

B.Acoordinatesentence

C.Acomplexsentence

D.Noneoftheabove

正確答案：B

您的答案：

本題解析：考查句法學知識。該句子是由but連接的兩個分句，不是簡單句(simplesentence)，也不是復雜句(complexsentence)，而是并列句(coordinatesentence)。

4.What'stheteacherdoingbysaying"Whowantstohaveatry"?

A.Controllingdiscipline

B.Givingprompt

C.Evaluatingstudents'work

D.Directingstudents'attentiontothelesson

正確答案：B

您的答案：

本題解析：考查教學活動中教師的角色。教師在此充當課堂教學的推動者。

5.Idon'teversaysuchwordsinpublic;thatwouldbe__________mydignity.

A.beneath

B.under

C.beyond

D.above

正確答案：A

您的答案：

本題解析：考查固定搭配。句意為“在公共場合我從不說這些話，因為這有損我的尊嚴”。beneathone’sdignity是固定搭配.意為“損害尊嚴，有失身份”。

6.WhichonedoesnotbelongtosubjectivequestionsinthefollowingEnglishtests?

A.Writing

B.Oraltest

C.Translation

D.Cloze

正確答案：D

您的答案：

本題解析：考查英語測試內容。不屬于主觀性試題的是完形填空。故選D。

Passagel

7.Theambiguityin"Myfrienddrovemetothebank."iscausedby__________.

A.lexicalitems

B.agrammaticalstructure

C.homonymy

D.polysemy

正確答案：D

您的答案：

本題解析：考查語義學知識。一詞多義(polysemy)經常會導致表達含糊不清，表達意思不清楚。本句的歧義在于不知道是開車帶“我”去河邊還是去銀行.

8.Whenateacherasksthestudentstofindsomekeywordsfromatextquickly,he/sheisintendedtotrainstudents'__________strategyinreadingclass.

A.skimming

B.scanning

C.extensivereading

D.intensivereading

正確答案：B

您的答案：

本題解析：考查閱讀教學。scanning“尋讀”，可以幫助學生快速找到所需信息，準確定位。故選B。skimming“略讀”，快速瀏覽文本，掌握文章大意。extensivereading"泛讀”，是指進行廣泛、大量的閱讀.可以使學生通過頻繁地接觸語言材料，自覺或不自覺地學到或掌握大量詞匯，開闊學生的視野。intensivereading"精讀”.是指深入細致、逐字逐句地閱讀，可以通過深入鉆研.加深知識的積累，、

9.Teacherswhobelieveinthe__________modelwillenablestudentstounderstandthemeaningandusageofthewordsfirst,andthenmakefulluseofthewordsinlistening,readingorwritingtasks,askrepresentativestoshowproductsofthetasks,andgiveanevaluationforitatlastwhenteachingvocabulary.

A.PPP

B.PWP

C.PPT

D.TBLT

正確答案：D

您的答案：

本題解析：考查詞匯教學模式。任務型教學模式(Task-basedLanguageTeaching)是新課標所倡導的一種教學模式。在展示環節，教師通過展示讓學生理解詞語的意義和用法。任務環節，教師要通過將詞匯最大限度置于聽讀寫練習中。匯報環節，學生推舉各組代表來展示聽讀寫的任務完成情況。評價和聯系環節：教師對學生的任務匯報進行評價.評價他們對新詞的使用.

10.Whichofthefollowingisacommunicativeactivity?

A.Listeningtothenewsreportandtalkingaboutanevent

B.Listeningtothenewsreportandfillinginaform

C.Listeningtothenewsreportandwritingthemainidea

D.Transferringtheinformationfromthenewsreportintoachart

正確答案：A

您的答案：

本題解析：考查交際活動。聽新聞報道并談論其中的一個事件．屬于communicativeactivitv．其他選項均不符合．

11._________isatypeofactivityinwhichtheteacherreadsoutapassageinnormalspeedfortwoorthreetimesandstudentsaretonotedownthewordstheycouldcatchastheylistenasmuchaspossible.

A.Answeringquestions

B.Gap-filling

C.Dictogloss

D.Sequencing

正確答案：C

您的答案：

本題解析：考查聽力教學活動中的概念。題目中所述聽力教學活動為語法聽寫(dictogloss)。

12.Evenwhen__________tosuchtoughlivingconditions,thechildrenwouldneverhaveanycomplaint.

A.exposing

B.exposed

C.expose

D.toexpose

正確答案：B

您的答案：

本題解析：考查從句中的省略。前半句實際上是狀語從句when(thechildrenare)exposedtosuchtoughlivingconditions的省略說法，句意：“甚至當孩子們被處在如此艱難的生活狀況中時，他們也不會有任何的抱怨”。故選B。

13./t/isnotfullypronouncedin

A.football

B.suitcase

C.athome

D.hotday

正確答案：C

您的答案：

本題解析：考查不完全爆破。爆破音是指發音器官在口腔中形成阻礙，然后氣流沖破阻礙而發出的音。爆破音有6個，即/p/，/b/，/t/，/d/，/k/，/g/當一個爆破音后面緊跟著另一個爆破音時，前面的爆破音不發生爆破，這種現象叫做失去爆破。當一個爆破音后面緊跟著一個摩擦音、破擦音、鼻輔音或舌邊音時，前面的爆破音發出的聲音是非常輕微的，有時甚至聽不出來，這種現象叫作不完全爆破。

14.Ifyouwaitforthe__________momenttoact,youmayneverbeginyourproject.

A.definitive

B.optimum

C.implacable

D.righteous

正確答案：B

您的答案：

本題解析：考查形容詞辨析。句意為“如果你總等待最佳行動時機，你將永遠不會著手你的計劃”。definitive“明確的，最終的，決定性的”，optimum“最佳的，最適宜的”，implacable“(指仇恨、憤怒、敵意等)難平息的.不能改變的”.righteous"正直的，正義的”。故選B。

15.Howmanyliaisonsofsoundarethereinthesentence"Icalledyouhalfanhourago"?

A.one

B.two

C.three

D.four

正確答案：D

您的答案：

本題解析：考查連讀。liaison意為“連音”，在同一個意群里，如果相鄰兩詞中的前一個詞是以輔音結尾，后一個詞是以元音或半元音，特別是/i/開頭，就要將前后兩個音拼起來連讀。本句中called～vou，half～an，an～hour，hour～ago均需要連讀，即Icalled～youhalf～an～hour～ago，故選D。

16.WhichofthefollowingisNOTtheadvantageofgroupwork?

A.Creatingsomepeacefulandquiettimeinclass

B.Arousingtheirawarenessofcooperation

C.Promotingstudents'participationintheclass

D.Encouragingdifferentopinionsandcontributionstothework

正確答案：A

您的答案：

本題解析：考查小組活動。小組討論能讓學生積極地表達自己的意見和觀點，促進學生參與課堂活動.提升學生的交流合作意識，而不是給學生創造安靜的學習時間。

17.__________hermotherstartedtogotothemeditationclass,

A.Itwasataboutthistimethat

B.Thatwasaboutthistime

C.Itwasataboutthistimewhen

D.Itwasaboutthistimethat

正確答案：A

您的答案：

本題解析：考查強調句。句意為“大概是在這個時間，她母親開始上禪修課了”。Itis／was…that…是強調句的標志，“在大約這個時間”用介詞at。

18.ThefollowingdayIranmyfirstraceathigh__________.

A.latitude

B.altitude

C.longitude

D.attitude

正確答案：B

您的答案：

本題解析：考查名詞辨析。latitude意為“緯度，選擇的余地”，altitude意為“高度，海拔高度”，longitude意為“經度”，attitude意為“態度;看法”。根據句意“第二天我第一次在高海拔地區參加了賽跑”可知選B。

19.WhichofthefollowingitNOTamongthefeaturesofprocesswriting?

A.Helpstudentstounderstandtheirowncomposingprocess

B.Letstudentsdiscoverwhattheywanttosayastheywrite

C.Encouragefeedbackbothfromtheteacherandpeers

D.Emphasizetheformratherthanthecontent

正確答案：D

您的答案：

本題解析：過程寫作的特點有：

Focusontheprocessofwritingthatleadstothefinalwrittenproduct;

Helpstudentwritersunderstandtheirowncomposingprocess;

Helpthembuildrepertoiresofstrategiesforprewriting,drafting,andrewriting;

Givestudentstimetowriteandrewrite;

Placecentralimportanceontheprocessofrevision;

Letstudentsdiscoverwhattheywanttosayastheywrite;

Givestudentsfeedbackthroughoutthecomposingprocess(notjustonthefinalproduct)toconsiderastheyattempttobringtheirexpressioncloserandclosertointention;

Encouragefeedbackbothfromtheinstructorandpeers;

Includeindividualconferencesbetweenteacherandstudentduringtheprocessofcomposition.

過程寫作關注寫作的內容與過程。D項不屬于過程寫作的特點，故選D。

20.Theoriginsofhumanspeechremainamystery,__________wehaveafairlyaccurateideaofwhenwritingbegan.

A.once

B.if

C.though

D.since

正確答案：C

您的答案：

本題解析：考查連詞辨析。句意為“我們對于寫作的起始有了相當準確的觀點，演講的。起源仍然是個謎團”。根據句意.前后表轉折.故選C。

21.Passage1

Alyricisasubjectivepoemofintensepersonalemotionwhoseprincipalqualityisitsmusicalform.Poe,masterofthelyric,wasledtoexplainallpoetryastherhythmicalcreationofbeautyinwords.Becausegreatpoetryisoftenpuremusic,hauntingmelody,andchimingsyllables,thereadershouldnotglancethroughpoetryashereadhisnewspaperorthelatestmagazine--skippingawordhereandalinethere,andstillhopetogetwhattheauthorhadintendedforhim.Poetrybeingmusic,likeallotherformsofmusic,itgainsitsmeaningwheninterpretedbythehumanvoice.

Itisthespecialfunctionoflyricalpoetrytogivepleasurethroughthismusicalqualitynolessthanthroughfinecontemplationofbeautyitinspires--beautyofthought,offeeling,ofexpression,andoftechnicalskill.Butpoetryismorethanagreatpleasure.Itshouldalsobeanoutletforourownunspokenthoughtsandourvariedmoods.Itmakesarticulateourchoked-uppassagewaysofspeech,givingadequateexpressiontoourpent-uplovesandjoysandglories,andfurnishesreleaseandrelieftoourfears,grievesandsorrows.Agreatpoettakesourhalf-formedthoughts,orsuppressedmoods,ourcrusheddesires,andneeds,andleadsthemoutintotheopen,endowingthemwithaharmony,andcompleteness...

Greatversecanhelptovitalizeourthinkingaboutthecommonplaceandelementalinlife,andcanidealizeandgivemeaningtothesimplestthingsincreation.ListentoTennyson:

Flowerinthecranniedwall,

Ipluckyououtofthecrannies,

Iholdyouhere,rootandall,inmyhand,

Littleflower--butifIcouldunderstand,

Whatyouare,rootandall,andallinall,

IshouldknowwhatGodandmanis.

Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?

A.Mixedemotions

B.Greatpoets

C.Lyricpoems

D.Musicalforms

正確答案：C

您的答案：

本題解析：通讀全文可知，文章通篇都在談論抒情詩，故選C。

22.Passage1

Alyricisasubjectivepoemofintensepersonalemotionwhoseprincipalqualityisitsmusicalform.Poe,masterofthelyric,wasledtoexplainallpoetryastherhythmicalcreationofbeautyinwords.Becausegreatpoetryisoftenpuremusic,hauntingmelody,andchimingsyllables,thereadershouldnotglancethroughpoetryashereadhisnewspaperorthelatestmagazine--skippingawordhereandalinethere,andstillhopetogetwhattheauthorhadintendedforhim.Poetrybeingmusic,likeallotherformsofmusic,itgainsitsmeaningwheninterpretedbythehumanvoice.

Itisthespecialfunctionoflyricalpoetrytogivepleasurethroughthismusicalqualitynolessthanthroughfinecontemplationofbeautyitinspires--beautyofthought,offeeling,ofexpression,andoftechnicalskill.Butpoetryismorethanagreatpleasure.Itshouldalsobeanoutletforourownunspokenthoughtsandourvariedmoods.Itmakesarticulateourchoked-uppassagewaysofspeech,givingadequateexpressiontoourpent-uplovesandjoysandglories,andfurnishesreleaseandrelieftoourfears,grievesandsorrows.Agreatpoettakesourhalf-formedthoughts,orsuppressedmoods,ourcrusheddesires,andneeds,andleadsthemoutintotheopen,endowingthemwithaharmony,andcompleteness...

Greatversecanhelptovitalizeourthinkingaboutthecommonplaceandelementalinlife,andcanidealizeandgivemeaningtothesimplestthingsincreation.ListentoTennyson:

Flowerinthecranniedwall,

Ipluckyououtofthecrannies,

Iholdyouhere,rootandall,inmyhand,

Littleflower--butifIcouldunderstand,

Whatyouare,rootandall,andallinall,

IshouldknowwhatGodandmanis.

Whatdoestheunderlinedword"articulate"inPara.2probablymean?

A.Clear

B.Safe

C.Straight

D.Difficult

正確答案：A

您的答案：

本題解析：根據原文“Butpoetryismorethanagreatpleasure.Itshouldalsobeanoutletforourownunspokenthoughtsandourvariedmoods.Itmakesarticulateourchoked-uppassagewaysofspeech…”可知.詩歌可以釋放我們內心說不出的想法和各種情感.讓我們原本阻塞的語言變得清晰明了。此處articulate意為“清晰的”.故選A。

23.Passage1

Alyricisasubjectivepoemofintensepersonalemotionwhoseprincipalqualityisitsmusicalform.Poe,masterofthelyric,wasledtoexplainallpoetryastherhythmicalcreationofbeautyinwords.Becausegreatpoetryisoftenpuremusic,hauntingmelody,andchimingsyllables,thereadershouldnotglancethroughpoetryashereadhisnewspaperorthelatestmagazine--skippingawordhereandalinethere,andstillhopetogetwhattheauthorhadintendedforhim.Poetrybeingmusic,likeallotherformsofmusic,itgainsitsmeaningwheninterpretedbythehumanvoice.

Itisthespecialfunctionoflyricalpoetrytogivepleasurethroughthismusicalqualitynolessthanthroughfinecontemplationofbeautyitinspires--beautyofthought,offeeling,ofexpression,andoftechnicalskill.Butpoetryismorethanagreatpleasure.Itshouldalsobeanoutletforourownunspokenthoughtsandourvariedmoods.Itmakesarticulateourchoked-uppassagewaysofspeech,givingadequateexpressiontoourpent-uplovesandjoysandglories,andfurnishesreleaseandrelieftoourfears,grievesandsorrows.Agreatpoettakesourhalf-formedthoughts,orsuppressedmoods,ourcrusheddesires,andneeds,andleadsthemoutintotheopen,endowingthemwithaharmony,andcompleteness...

Greatversecanhelptovitalizeourthinkingaboutthecommonplaceandelementalinlife,andcanidealizeandgivemeaningtothesimplestthingsincreation.ListentoTennyson:

Flowerinthecranniedwall,

Ipluckyououtofthecrannies,

Iholdyouhere,rootandall,inmyhand,

Littleflower--butifIcouldunderstand,

Whatyouare,rootandall,andallinall,

IshouldknowwhatGodandmanis.

Accordingtotheauthor,agreatpoetisonewho__________.

A.givesmeaningtoreaders'life

B.makesreadersblessedwithwisdom

C.putsreadersinapeacefulstateofmind

D.enablesreaderstohaveasenseofbelonging

正確答案：C

您的答案：

本題解析：根據原文“Agreatpoettakesourhalf-formedthoughts，orsuppressedmoods，ourcrusheddesires，andneeds，andleadsthemoutintotheopen，endowingthemwithaharmony，andcompleteness…”可知，C項正確。

24.Passage1

Alyricisasubjectivepoemofintensepersonalemotionwhoseprincipalqualityisitsmusicalform.Poe,masterofthelyric,wasledtoexplainallpoetryastherhythmicalcreationofbeautyinwords.Becausegreatpoetryisoftenpuremusic,hauntingmelody,andchimingsyllables,thereadershouldnotglancethroughpoetryashereadhisnewspaperorthelatestmagazine--skippingawordhereandalinethere,andstillhopetogetwhattheauthorhadintendedforhim.Poetrybeingmusic,likeallotherformsofmusic,itgainsitsmeaningwheninterpretedbythehumanvoice.

Itisthespecialfunctionoflyricalpoetrytogivepleasurethroughthismusicalqualitynolessthanthroughfinecontemplationofbeautyitinspires--beautyofthought,offeeling,ofexpression,andoftechnicalskill.Butpoetryismorethanagreatpleasure.Itshouldalsobeanoutletforourownunspokenthoughtsandourvariedmoods.Itmakesarticulateourchoked-uppassagewaysofspeech,givingadequateexpressiontoourpent-uplovesandjoysandglories,andfurnishesreleaseandrelieftoourfears,grievesandsorrows.Agreatpoettakesourhalf-formedthoughts,orsuppressedmoods,ourcrusheddesires,andneeds,andleadsthemoutintotheopen,endowingthemwithaharmony,andcompleteness...

Greatversecanhelptovitalizeourthinkingaboutthecommonplaceandelementalinlife,andcanidealizeandgivemeaningtothesimplestthingsincreation.ListentoTennyson:

Flowerinthecranniedwall,

Ipluckyououtofthecrannies,

Iholdyouhere,rootandall,inmyhand,

Littleflower--butifIcouldunderstand,

Whatyouare,rootandall,andallinall,

IshouldknowwhatGodandmanis.

ItcanbeinferredfromTennyson'spoemthat__________.

A.it'svitaltotreasurewhatwehave

B.it'shardtolivelifetothefullest

C.it'sgreattoappreciatethebeautyofnature

D.it'simpossibletounderstandwhatGodandmanis

正確答案：C

您的答案：

本題解析：根據“Greatversecanhelptovitalizeourthinkingaboutthecommonplaceandelementalinlife。andcanidealizeandgivemeaningtothesimplestthingsincreation."可知，讀詩歌的用意是贊頌自然之美。故選C。

25.Passage1

Alyricisasubjectivepoemofintensepersonalemotionwhoseprincipalqualityisitsmusicalform.Poe,masterofthelyric,wasledtoexplainallpoetryastherhythmicalcreationofbeautyinwords.Becausegreatpoetryisoftenpuremusic,hauntingmelody,andchimingsyllables,thereadershouldnotglancethroughpoetryashereadhisnewspaperorthelatestmagazine--skippingawordhereandalinethere,andstillhopetogetwhattheauthorhadintendedforhim.Poetrybeingmusic,likeallotherformsofmusic,itgainsitsmeaningwheninterpretedbythehumanvoice.

Itisthespecialfunctionoflyricalpoetrytogivepleasurethroughthismusicalqualitynolessthanthroughfinecontemplationofbeautyitinspires--beautyofthought,offeeling,ofexpression,andoftechnicalskill.Butpoetryismorethanagreatpleasure.Itshouldalsobeanoutletforourownunspokenthoughtsandourvariedmoods.Itmakesarticulateourchoked-uppassagewaysofspeech,givingadequateexpressiontoourpent-uplovesandjoysandglories,andfurnishesreleaseandrelieftoourfears,grievesandsorrows.Agreatpoettakesourhalf-formedthoughts,orsuppressedmoods,ourcrusheddesires,andneeds,andleadsthemoutintotheopen,endowingthemwithaharmony,andcompleteness...

Greatversecanhelptovitalizeourthinkingaboutthecommonplaceandelementalinlife,andcanidealizeandgivemeaningtothesimplestthingsincreation.ListentoTennyson:

Flowerinthecranniedwall,

Ipluckyououtofthecrannies,

Iholdyouhere,rootandall,inmyhand,

Littleflower--butifIcouldunderstand,

Whatyouare,rootandall,andallinall,

IshouldknowwhatGodandmanis.

WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaccordingtothepassage?

A.Thelyricisbeautifulpoetryofactionandstory

B.Themostimportantfeatureofthelyricisitsmusicalform

C.Poetrygainsitsmeaningwhenreadsilentlyandcarefully

D.Poedefinedallpoetryaspuremusicwithchimingsyllables

正確答案：B

您的答案：

本題解析：根據“Alyricisasubjectivepoemofintensepersonalemotionwhoseprincipalqualityisitsmusicalform”可知.抒情詩并非是關于行為和故事的美麗詩歌，而是關于強烈個人情感的詩歌，可排除A，“itgainsitsmeaningwheninterpretedbythehumanvoice”當被人們解讀的時候，它會增加自身的含義，可排除C，“greatpoetryisoftenpuremusic.hauntingmelody.andchimingsyllables”可知并不是所有的詩歌都是和諧音節的純粹音樂.排除D，故選B。

26.Passage2

Thatexperiencesinfluencesubsequentbehaviorisevidenceofanobviousbutneverthelessremarkableactivitycalledremembering.Learningcouldnotoccurwithoutthefunctionpopularlynamedmemory.Constantpracticehassuchaneffectonmemoryastoleadtoskillfulperformanceonthepiano,torecitationofapoem,andeventoreadingandunderstandingthesewords.So-calledintelligentbehaviordemandsmemory,rememberingbeingaprimaryrequirementforreasoning.Theabilitytosolveanyproblemoreventorecognizethataproblemexistsdependsonmemory.

Typically,thedecisiontocrossastreetisbasedonrememberingmanyearlierexperiences.

Practice(orreview)tendstobuildandmaintainmemoryforataskorforanylearnedmaterial.

Overaperiodofnopracticewhathasbeenlearnedtendstobeforgotten;andtheadaptiveconsequencesmaynotseemobvious.Yet,dramaticinstancesofsuddenforgettingcanbeseentobeadaptive.Inthissense,theabilitytoforgetcanbeinterpretedtohavesurvivedthroughaprocessofnaturalselectioninanimals.Indeed,whenone'smemoryofanemotionallypainfulexperienceleadstoseriousanxiety,forgettingmayproducerelief.Nevertheless,anevolutionaryinterpretationmightmakeitdifficulttounderstandhowthecommonlygradualprocessofforgettingsurvivednaturalselection.

Inthinkingabouttheevolutionofmemorytogetherwithallitspossibleaspects,itishelpfultoconsiderwhatwouldhappenifmemoriesfailedtofade.Forgettingclearlyaidsorientationintime,sinceoldmemoriesweakenandthenewtendtostandout,providingcluesforinferringduration.

Withoutforgetting,adaptiveabilitywouldsuffer,forexample,learnedbehaviorthatmighthavebeencorrectadecadeagomaynolongerbe.Casesarerecordedofpeoplewho(byordinarystandards)forgotsolittlethattheireverydayactivitieswerefullofconfusion.Thisforgettingseemstoserv

A.suddenforgettingmaybringaboutadaptiveconsequences

B.forgettingforlackofpracticetendstobeobviouslyinadaptive

C.ifapersongetsveryforgetfulallofasudden,hemustbeveryadaptive

D.forgettingisanindicationofanindividual'sadaptability

正確答案：A

您的答案：

本題解析：原文第二段指出，如果一段時間內我們不對自己所學的進行練習，那么很快就會有所遺忘.在這種情況下適應性的后果也許不太明顯。但是突發性失憶卻會給適應性帶來明顯后果。故選A。

27.Passage2

Thatexperiencesinfluencesubsequentbehaviorisevidenceofanobviousbutneverthelessremarkableactivitycalledremembering.Learningcouldnotoccurwithoutthefunctionpopularlynamedmemory.Constantpracticehassuchaneffectonmemoryastoleadtoskillfulperformanceonthepiano,torecitationofapoem,andeventoreadingandunderstandingthesewords.So-calledintelligentbehaviordemandsmemory,rememberingbeingaprimaryrequirementforreasoning.Theabilitytosolveanyproblemoreventorecognizethataproblemexistsdependsonmemory.

Typically,thedecisiontocrossastreetisbasedonrememberingmanyearlierexperiences.

Practice(orreview)tendstobuildandmaintainmemoryforataskorforanylearnedmaterial.

Overaperiodofnopracticewhathasbeenlearnedtendstobeforgotten;andtheadaptiveconsequencesmaynotseemobvious.Yet,dramaticinstancesofsuddenforgettingcanbeseentobeadaptive.Inthissense,theabilitytoforgetcanbeinterpretedtohavesurvivedthroughaprocessofnaturalselectioninanimals.Indeed,whenone'smemoryofanemotionallypainfulexperienceleadstoseriousanxiety,forgettingmayproducerelief.Nevertheless,anevolutionaryinterpretationmightmakeitdifficulttounderstandhowthecommonlygradualprocessofforgettingsurvivednaturalselection.

Inthinkingabouttheevolutionofmemorytogetherwithallitspossibleaspects,itishelpfultoconsiderwhatwouldhappenifmemoriesfailedtofade.Forgettingclearlyaidsorientationintime,sinceoldmemoriesweakenandthenewtendtostandout,providingcluesforinferringduration.

Withoutforgetting,adaptiveabilitywouldsuffer,forexample,learnedbehaviorthatmighthavebeencorrectadecadeagomaynolongerbe.Casesarerecordedofpeoplewho(byordinarystandards)forgotsolittlethattheireverydayactivitieswerefullofconfusion.Thisforgettingseemstoserv

A.hewouldsurvivebest

B.hewouldhavealotoftrouble

C.theevolutionofmemorywouldstop

D.hisabilitytolearnwouldbeenhanced

正確答案：B

您的答案：

本題解析：原文第三段表明，不遺忘的話，適應力就會變差。記錄也顯示不遺忘的人的生活是混亂的。故選B。

28.Passage2

Thatexperiencesinfluencesubsequentbehaviorisevidenceofanobviousbutneverthelessremarkableactivitycalledremembering.Learningcouldnotoccurwithoutthefunctionpopularlynamedmemory.Constantpracticehassuchaneffectonmemoryastoleadtoskillfulperformanceonthepiano,torecitationofapoem,andeventoreadingandunderstandingthesewords.So-calledintelligentbehaviordemandsmemory,rememberingbeingaprimaryrequirementforreasoning.Theabilitytosolveanyproblemoreventorecognizethataproblemexistsdependsonmemory.

Typically,thedecisiontocrossastreetisbasedonrememberingmanyearlierexperiences.

Practice(orreview)tendstobuildandmaintainmemoryforataskorforanylearnedmaterial.

Overaperiodofnopracticewhathasbeenlearnedtendstobeforgotten;andtheadaptiveconsequencesmaynotseemobvious.Yet,dramaticinstancesofsuddenforgettingcanbeseentobeadaptive.Inthissense,theabilitytoforgetcanbeinterpretedtohavesurvivedthroughaprocessofnaturalselectioninanimals.Indeed,whenone'smemoryofanemotionallypainfulexperienceleadstoseriousanxiety,forgettingmayproducerelief.Nevertheless,anevolutionaryinterpretationmightmakeitdifficulttounderstandhowthecommonlygradualprocessofforgettingsurvivednaturalselection.

Inthinkingabouttheevolutionofmemorytogetherwithallitspossibleaspects,itishelpfultoconsiderwhatwouldhappenifmemoriesfailedtofade.Forgettingclearlyaidsorientationintime,sinceoldmemoriesweakenandthenewtendtostandout,providingcluesforinferringduration.

Withoutforgetting,adaptiveabilitywouldsuffer,forexample,learnedbehaviorthatmighthavebeencorrectadecadeagomaynolongerbe.Casesarerecordedofpeoplewho(byordinarystandards)forgotsolittlethattheireverydayactivitieswerefullofconfusion.Thisforgettingseemstoserv

A.memoryisacompensationforforgetting

B.thememorystoragesystemisbalanced

C.thecapacityofamemorystoragesystemislimited

D.forgetfulnessisaresponsetolearning

正確答案：D

您的答案：

本題解析：原文最后一段提到，研究表明記憶存儲系統有限，而遺忘能力可對其進行靈活調節。在學習記憶(輸入)與遺忘(輸出)之間不斷調節。事實證明，個人的遺忘率與他學習多少有直接關系。故選D。

29.Passage2

Thatexperiencesinfluencesubsequentbehaviorisevidenceofanobviousbutneverthelessremarkableactivitycalledremembering.Learningcouldnotoccurwithoutthefunctionpopularlynamedmemory.Constantpracticehassuchaneffectonmemoryastoleadtoskillfulperformanceonthepiano,torecitationofapoem,andeventoreadingandunderstandingthesewords.So-calledintelligentbehaviordemandsmemory,rememberingbeingaprimaryrequirementforreasoning.Theabilitytosolveanyproblemoreventorecognizethataproblemexistsdependsonmemory.

Typically,thedecisiontocrossastreetisbasedonrememberingmanyearlierexperiences.

Practice(orreview)tendstobuildandmaintainmemoryforataskorforanylearnedmaterial.

Overaperiodofnopracticewhathasbeenlearnedtendstobeforgotten;andtheadaptiveconsequencesmaynotseemobvious.Yet,dramaticinstancesofsuddenforgettingcanbeseentobeadaptive.Inthissense,theabilitytoforgetcanbeinterpretedtohavesurvivedthroughaprocessofnaturalselectioninanimals.Indeed,whenone'smemoryofanemotionallypainfulexperienceleadstoseriousanxiety,forgettingmayproducerelief.Nevertheless,anevolutionaryinterpretationmightmakeitdifficulttounderstandhowthecommonlygradualprocessofforgettingsurvivednaturalselection.

Inthinkingabouttheevolutionofmemorytogetherwithallitspossibleaspects,itishelpfultoconsiderwhatwouldhappenifmemoriesfailedtofade.Forgettingclearlyaidsorientationintime,sinceoldmemoriesweakenandthenewtendtostandout,providingcluesforinferringduration.

Withoutforgetting,adaptiveabilitywouldsuffer,forexample,learnedbehaviorthatmighthavebeencorrectadecadeagomaynolongerbe.Casesarerecordedofpeoplewho(byordinarystandards)forgotsolittlethattheireverydayactivitieswerefullofconfusion.Thisforgettingseemstoserv

A.humorous

B.theoretical

C.exaggerative

D.philosophical

正確答案：B

您的答案：

本題解析：本文通篇都在討論遺忘對于人的適應機制的重要性，行文嚴謹，理論性很強，故選B。

30.Passage2

Thatexperiencesinfluencesubsequentbehaviorisevidenceofanobviousbutneverthelessremarkableactivitycalledremembering.Learningcouldnotoccurwithoutthefunctionpopularlynamedmemory.Constantpracticehassuchaneffectonmemoryastoleadtoskillfulperformanceonthepiano,torecitationofapoem,andeventoreadingandundersta