模塊綜合測評(二)(時間：100分鐘；滿分：120分)Ⅰ.閱讀理解(共15小題；每小題2分，滿分30分)AMichaelFishmaysoonbereplacedasaweatherforecasterbysomethingtrulyfishier—theshark(鯊魚)．ResearchbyaBritishbiologystudentsuggeststhatsharkscouldbeusedtopredictstorms.LaurenSmith,24，isclosetocompletingherstudyonshark'sabilitytosensepressure.Ifherstudiesprovethetheory，scientistsmaybeabletomonitorthebehaviourofsharkstopredictbadweather.MissSmithhadpreviouslystudiedthebehaviouroflemonsharksintheBahamas.Shethenusedtheircloserelatives,lesserspotteddogfish，forfurtherresearchatAberdeenUniversity.Herwork—thoughttobethefirstofitskindtotestthepressuretheory—resultedfromtheobservationthatjuvenile(幼年的)blacktipsharksoffFloridamovedintodeeperwateraheadofaviolentstormin2023.MissSmithsaid：“I'vealwaysbeencrazyabouttravellinganddivingandthisledmetoaninterestinsharks.”“Iwasdelightedtohavebeenabletoresearchintheareaformyknowthere'ssomuchmoreweneedtounderstand—butitcertainlyopensthewaytomoreresearch.”Ithasbeendiscoveredthatasharksensespressureusinghaircellsinitsbalancesystem.AttheBiminiSharkLabintheBahamas，MissSmithfixedhi-techsensorstosharkstorecordpressureandtemperature，whilealsotrackingthemusingGPS(GlobalPositioningSystem)technology.InAberdeen，shewasabletostudytheeffectsoftidal(潮汐的)andtemperaturechangesondogfish—noneofwhichwerealsousedaspeciallabwhichcanmimic(模擬)oceanicpressurechangescausedbyweatherfronts.Sheisduetocompleteherstudyandgraduatelaterthissaysshewillbelookingforajobwhichwillgiveherthechancetoenrichherexperienceofsharkresearch.1．Thepassageismostprobablytakenfrom________.A．ashort-storycollectionB．apopularsciencemagazineC．aresearchpaperD．apersonaldiary2．Whatdowelearnfromthefirstfourparagraphsofthepassage?A．Sharksmaybeusedtopredictbadweather.B．Sharks'behaviourcanbecontrolled.C．MichaelFishisnotqualifiedforhisjob.D．LaurenSmithwillbecomeaweatherforecaster.3．LaurenSmithconductedherresearchby________.A．removinghaircellsfromashark'sbalancesystemB．measuringtheairpressureofweatherfrontsC．recordingsharks'bodytemperatureD．monitoringsharks'reactiontoweatherchanges4．Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?A．Apopularwayofforecastingweather.B．Anewresearcheffortinpredictingstorms.C．Biologists'interestinthesecretsofsharks.D．LaurenSmith'sdevotiontoscientificresearch.B【導學號：28820234】ThepeoplewhobuiltStonehengeinsouthernEnglandthousandsofyearsagohadwildparties,eatingbarbecuedpigsandbreakingisaccordingtorecentworkbyarchaeologists—historyexpertswhoinvestigatehowhumanbeingslivedinthepast.ArchaeologistsdiggingnearStonehengelastyeardiscoveredtheremainsofalargeprehistoricvillagewheretheythinkthebuildersofthemysteriousstonecircleusedtovillageisabout4,600yearsold，thesameageasStonehengeandasoldasthepyramidsinislessthantwomilesfromthefamousancientlandmarkandliesinsideamassivemanmadecirculardirtwall，or“henge”，knownastheDurringtonWalls.Remainsfoundatthesiteincludedjewellery，stonearrowheads，toolsmadeofdeerantlers，woodenspearsandhugeamountsofanimalbonesandbrokenpottery.“ThesefindssuggestStoneAgepeoplewenttothevillageatspecialtimesoftheyeartofeastandparty”，saysMikeParkerPearsonfromSheffieldUniversityinEngland.Hesaidmanyofthepigbonestheyfoundhadbeenthrownawayhalf-eaten.Healsosaidthepartygoersappearedtohaveshotsomeofthefarmpigswitharrows，possiblyasakindofsportbeforebarbecuingthem.AnancientroadwhichledfromthevillagetotheRiverAvonwasalsofound.Here，theexpertsthink，peoplecameaftertheirpartiestothrowdeadrelativesintothewatersothebodieswouldbewasheddownstreamtoStonehenge.ParkerPearsonbelievesStonehengewaslikeacemeterywhereancientBritonsburiedthedeadandrememberedtheirancestors.“ThetheoryisthatStonehengeisakindofspirithometotheancestors.”TherecentdiscoveryofthevillagewithintheDurringtonWallsshowsthatStonehengedidn'tstandalonebutwaspartofamuchbiggerreligioussite，accordingtoParkerPearson.PeoplestillcometoworshipandcelebrateatStonehengemeettherewhenthesunsetsontheshortestdayofwinterandwhenitrisesonthelongestdayofthedaysofbarbecuingwholepigsthereandthrowingfamilymembersintotheriverareathingofthepast.5．Theunderlinedword“It”(Paragraph2)refersto________.A．thevillage B．StonehengeC．thepyramid D．thedirtwall6．Fromthetextwecaninferthatthepeoplewhocametothevillage________.A．likedtodrinkwineB．knewhowtohuntC．werefromEgyptD．livedbytheRiverAvon7．Whatdoexpertsthinkpeopledidafterthevillageparties?A．ReturnedtoliveatStonehenge.B．Prayedforgoodluckinthenewyear.C．Huntedfarmpigsasasport.D．Puttheirdeadrelativesintotheriver.8．WhendopeoplemostoftengotoStonehengetoday?A．Whenanewdiscoveryismade.B．Atthebeginningofsummerandwinter.C．Onthelongestandshortestdaysoftheyear.D．Whentheywanttohaveabarbecue.C(2023·杭州第二中學高一期中)DoyoueverwonderwhytheEnglishhaveonewordforsomeanimalsandadifferentonefortheirmeat?Whydotheyusepigandpork,cowandbeef,andsheepandmutton?Tofindout,wehavetogobackto1066,whentheNormanFrenchinvadedEnglandandputaFrenchkingontheEnglishthrone(王位),whichnotonlychangedthegovernmentbutalsochangedthebecamethelanguageoftheupperclassesofitremainedthatwayfor300thesehighsocietypeoplecouldaffordtoeataresult,Frenchwordslikeporc(pork)andbeouf(beef)cameintotheEnglish,poorEnglishfarmersraisedthetheEnglishlanguageretainedthewordspigandcowfromtheNativeAnglo-Saxon.TheNormanFrenchaddedabout10,000FrenchwordstotheEnglish-fivepercentofthemarestillinusetoday.Accordingtolanguageexperts,EnglishspeakerswhohaveneverstudiedFrenchmayalreadyknow15,000Frenchwords!Betweenone-thirdandtwo-thirdsofallEnglishwordshaveFrenchwordssuchas“possible”and“avenue”arethesameinFrenchandEnglish;onlythepronunciationswordssuchas“ballet”keeptheirFrenchpronunciationsinbothlanguages.InFrenchgrammar,nounshaveeitheramaleorfemalegender(性別),soadjectivestakedifferentformsforhasonlyoneadjectivethatdoesthis,anditcamefromword“blond”describessomeonewithlight-coloredhair.“Blond”isusedformen,and“blonde”describestheyarealsonouns.SomeFrenchwordsthatenteredtheEnglishlanguagehavecompletelydifferentFrenchphrase“alamode”means“instyle”．InEnglish,thephrasemeans“withtheicecream”．Someonemusthavedecidedsomethingeatenwithicecreamwasinstyle!Now,asyoulearnEnglish,you'reonyourwaytolearningFrench!9．FrenchwasoncepopularamongtheupperclassesoftheUKbecause____________.A．toomanyFrenchmovedtoBritainB．FrenchbroughtanimalswiththemC．thekingandhisofficialsspokeFrenchD．thekingallowedFrenchtobespoken10．WhydoesanEnglishspeakerfindFrencheasytolearn?A．BecauseEnglishandFrenchsharesimilarpronunciations.B．BecauseEnglishgrammarandFrenchgrammararesimilar.C．BecausealargenumberofEnglishwordshaveFrenchorigins.D．BecauseEnglishhasgreatinfluencesontheFrenchlanguage.11．Whatconclusioncanwedrawfromthetext?A．Languageiscloselyrelatedtohistoryandculture.B．FrenchandEnglishwordshavelittleincommon.C．Languageiscontrolledbytheupperclassesofsociety.D．FrenchcombinesEnglishandtheNativeAnglo-Saxon.DStorescent(香味)Whatisthefirstthingyounoticewhenyouwalkintoashop?Theproductsdisplayed(展示)attheentrance?Orthesoftbackgroundmusic?Buthaveyouevernoticedthesmell?Unlessitisbad，theanswerislikelytobewhileashop'sscentmaynotbeoutstandingcomparedwithsightsandsounds，itiscertainlyitisprovedtobeanincreasinglypowerfultoolinencouragingpeopletopurchase.Abrandstorehasbecomefamousforitsdistinctivescentwhichfloatsthroughthefairlydarkhallandouttotheentrance，viascentsmellmaybeattractivebutitmaynotjustbeusedforfresheningsportsgoodscompanyoncereportedthatwhenitfirstintroducedscentintoitsstores，customers'intentiontopurchaseincreasedby80percent.WhenitcomestothebestshoppingstreetsinParis，scentisjustasimportanttoabrand'ssuccessasthequalityofitswindowdisplaysandgoodsonismainlybecauseshoppingisaverydifferentexperiencetowhatitusedtobe.Someyearsago，thefocusforbrandnameshoppingwasonafewpeoplewithsalesassistants'disprovingattitudeanddon't-touch-what-you-can't-affordtheriseofelectroniccommerce(e-commerce)hasopenedupfamousbrandstoawiderwhilee-shopscanusesightsandsounds，onlybricks-and-mortarstores(實體店)canofferafullexperiencefromtheminutecustomersstepthroughthedoortothemomenttheybrandstoreseekstobemuchmorethanashop，butratherascentisjustonewaytoachievethis.Now，afamousstoreusescomplexman-madesmelltomakesurethatthesoftscentofbabypowderfloatsthroughthekiddepartment，andcoconut(椰子)scentintheswimsuitdepartmentstorehasevenopenedanewlab，invitingcustomersonajourneyintothestore'swindowstosmellbooks，potsanddrawers，insearchoftheirperfectscent.12．Accordingtothepassage,________isanincreasinglypowerfultoolinthesuccessofsomebrandstores.A．friendlyassistantsB．softbackgroundmusicC．uniquescentsD．attractivewindowdisplay13．E-shopsarementionedinthepassageto________.A．urgeshopassistantstochangetheirattitudeB．showtheadvantagesofbricks-and-mortarstoresC．pushstorestousesightsandsoundsD．introducetheriseofe-commerce14．Theunderlinedword“destination”inParagraph5means“________”．A．aplatformthatexhibitsgoodsB．aspotwheretravelersliketostayC．aplacewherecustomerslovetogoD．atargetthatastoreexpectstomeet15．Themainpurposeofthepassageisto________.A．compareandanalyzeB．examineandconcludeC．argueanddiscussD．informandexplainⅢ.閱讀填句(共5小題；每小題2分，滿分10分)(2023·安陽市第三十六中學高一期中)Somepeoplelearnasecondlanguagecanyouhelpyourselflearnanewlanguage,suchasEnglish?ThereareseveralwaystomakelearningEnglishalittleeasierandmoreinteresting.ThefirststepistofeelpositiveaboutlearningBedonothavetounderstandeverythingallatisnaturaltomakemistakeswhenyoulearnsomethingcanlearnfromourThesecondstepistopracticeyourexample,writeadiaryeverywillgetusedtowritingitinEnglish,andyouwillfeelcomfortableexpressingyourideasinweekslater,youwillseethatyourwritingisYoucanpracticewithyourclassmatesoutsidewillallmakemistakes,butgraduallyyouwillbecomecomfortablecommunicatinginEnglish.ThethirdstepistokeeparecordofyourlanguagecanwritethisinyourDidyouansweraquestioncorrectly?Didyouunderstandsomethingtheteacherexplained?Perhapsthelessonwasdifficult,butyoutriedtounderstandit.YoumustbepositiveaboutlearningEnglishandbelievethatyoucandoisimportanttopracticeeverydayandmakearecordofyourwillenjoylearningEnglish,andyouwillfeelmoreconfidentinyourself.A．Inotherwords,donotworryabouttakingrisks.B．Ifyoubelievethatyoucanlearn,youwilllearn.C．Thiswillhelpyouunderstandthenextclass.D．Othershavetroublelearninganewlanguage.E．Aftereachclass,thinkaboutwhatyoudid.F．Inaddition,youmustspeakEnglisheveryday.G．Planyourtimecarefully.Ⅲ.完形填空(共20小題；每小題分，滿分30分)(2023·西安一中高一期末)Inourdiscussionwithpeopleonhoweducationcanhelpthemsucceedinlife,awomanrememberedthefirstmeetingofanintroductory__21__course20yearsago.Theprofessor__22__thelecturehall,placeduponhisdeskalargejarfilledwithdriedbeans(豆),andinvitedthestudentsto__23__howmanybeansthejar__24__shoutsofwildlywrongguessestheprofessorsmiledathin,drysmile,announcedthe__25__answer,andwentonsaying,“Youhavejust__26__animportantlessonaboutis:Never__27__yourownsenses.”Twentyyearslater,the__28__couldguesswhattheprofessorhadinhimself，perhaps，asinvitinghisstudentstostartanexciting__30__intoanunknownworldinvisible(無形的)tothe__31__，whichcanbediscoveredonlythroughscientifictheseventeen-year-oldgirlcouldnotacceptoreven__33__thewasjust__34__tounderstandtheshe__35__thatherfirsthandexperiencecouldbetrueprofessor,however,saidthatitwaswastakingawayheronly__38__forknowingandwasprovidingherwithnosubstitute(替代)．“Irememberfeelingsmalland__39__，”thewomensays，“andIdidtheonlythingIcould__40__thecoursethatafternoon,andIhaven'tgonenearsciencesince.” B．historyC．science D．math22．for B．lookedatC．gotthrough D．marchedinto23． B．guessC．report D．watch24． B．givingC．turningaway D．listeningto25． B．possibleC．correct D．difficult26． B．preparedC．taught D．taken27． B．trustC．sharpen D．show28． B．scientistC．speaker D．woman29． B．respectedC．saw D．served30． B．movementC．change D．rush31． B．eyeC．knowledge D．light32． B．sensesC．spirit D．methods33． B．makeC．present D．refuse34． B．beginningC．pretending D．waiting35． B．doubtedC．proved D．explained36． B．strengthC．faith D．truth37． B．interestingC．wrong D．acceptable38． B．toolC．success D．connection39． B．proudC．frightened D．brave40． B．startedC．passed D．missedⅣ.語法填空(共10小題；每小題分，滿分15分)(2023·遼寧東北育才學校高一段考)Nobodywantstobeaged,butitcomestovisitingcitiesmostofuswanttovisittheworld'soldestisoneoftheoldestandmost(attraction)citiesintheworldthatI'dliketorecommendtoyou.LuoyangstandsouttheoldestcontinuallyinhabitedcityincityisconsideredtobebirthplaceofChinesecultureandhistoryaswellasbeingoneoftheSevenAncientCapitalsof(be)noothercityinChinathathasseensomany(dynasty)likeLuoyang.Withsuchalongandexcitinghistory,Luoyanghasreallyalot(offer)．TheLongmenGrottoes,which(include)ontheWorldHeritageListin2000,andmanyhistoricBuddhisttemples(constant)attracttouristsfromallovertheisalsofamousfortheWhiteHorseTemple,theearliestBuddhisttemple(establish)inyoueagertovisitthecity?Ⅴ.短文改錯(共10小題；每小題1分，滿分10分)假定英語課上老師要求同桌之間交換修改作文，請你修改你同桌寫的以下作文。文中共有10處語言錯誤，每句中最多有兩處。每處錯誤僅涉及一個單詞的增加、刪除或修改。增加：在缺詞處加一個漏字符號(∧)，并在其下面寫出該加的詞。刪除：把多余的詞用斜線(\)劃掉。修改：在錯的詞下畫一橫線，并在該詞下面寫出修改后的詞。注意：1.每處錯誤及其修改均僅限一詞；2．只允許修改10處，多者(從第11處起)不計分。(2023·鶴崗一中高一期末)Itwas7：15inthemorningofFebruary8,waswalkingalongParkRoadtowardstheeastwhileanoldmancameoutoftheparkontheothersidesoftheIsawyellowcardriveupThirdStreetandmadearightturnintoParknextmomentthecarhitthemanwhileshewascrossingthefellwithacardidn'tstopanddriveoffatfullspeedheadingnoticedthedriverwasayoungwomanworeapairofglassesandtheplatenumberwastwominuteslater,Istoppedapassingcarbuttooktheoldmantothenearesthospital.Ⅵ.書面表達(滿分25分)(2023·正定中學高一期末)近段時間你發現校園內浪費現象嚴重，請你在班會上發表演講，談談你所看到的浪費現象及危害，并就這一現象發表個人見解。浪費現象1.不關水、不關教室的電燈2．食堂里的桌子上丟滿食物3．校園里亂丟紙張、書本造成危害1.浪費資源2．形成壞習慣，不利于品德養成3．浪費金錢，增加父母經濟負擔個人認識適當發揮注意：1.詞數100左右；2．演講的開頭和結尾已寫好，不計入總詞數。參考詞匯：食堂canteen給某人增加經濟負擔addfinancialburdentosb.Dearfriends，HereI'dliketosaysomethingaboutthewastingoncampus.______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________That'syou!詳解答案模塊綜合測評(二)Ⅰ.【語篇解讀】全文講述了24歲的大學生史密斯的研究：鯊魚可以為人們預報惡劣的天氣。1．B文章出處題。由文章內容可知，該文出自科學雜志。2．A由文章第一句話可知。3．D細節理解題。由倒數第二段可知，史密斯的研究是通過監測鯊魚對天氣變化的反應進行的。4．B主旨大意題。本文講述了一項新發現：鯊魚可以預測惡劣的天氣。【語篇解讀】最新考古發現，位于英格蘭南部的Stonehenge曾是古代人舉行集會的地方。考古學家在它附近還發現了一個史前村莊。5．A代詞指代題。It指代上句中提出的village。6．B推理判斷題。從文章第三段中提到的“stonearrowheads，woodenspears”可以推斷出當時人們就已經知道如何打獵了。7．D細節理解題。由文中第五段最后一句可知答案為D。8．C細節理解題。由最后一段第二句可知答案為C。【語篇解讀】文章介紹英語受法語的影響很大，因為歷史的原因，上等階層的人說法語很多，現在還有很多法語在英語中使用，文章也介紹了法語和英語的不同之處。9．C細節理解題。從文章第二段的句子“whentheNormanFrenchinvadedEnglandandputaFrenchkingontheEnglishthrone(王位),whichnotonlychangedthegovernmentbutalsochangedthebecamethelanguageoftheupperclassesofsociety.”可知法語曾經在英國的上層很受歡迎，是因為國王和官員都說法語，故選C。10．C細節理解題。從文章第三段的句子“TheNormanFrenchaddedabout10,000FrenchwordstotheEnglish-fivepercentofthemarestillinusetoday.”可知說英語的人發現法語很容易學，是因為很多英語單詞來源于法語，故選C。11．A主旨大意題。從文章的內容：法語和英語的演變受當時歷史和文化的影響很大，可以歸納出語言和歷史文化密切相關，故選A。【語篇解讀】現在，很多名牌商店運用香味吸引顧客，使人們不由自主地去那兒購買更多的商品。12．C細節理解題。根據文章第二段最后一句“Anditisprovedtobeanincreasinglypowerfultoolinencouragingpeopletopurchase.”可知答案為C。13．B推理判斷題。根據第五段中的“Butwhilee-shopscanusesightsandsounds，onlybricks-and-mortarstores(實體店)canofferafullexperiencefromtheminutecustomersstepthroughthedoortothemomenttheyleave.”可推知，作者提到電子商店的目的就是來顯示實體店的優勢。14．C詞義猜測題。由畫線詞的所在句可知；名牌店所追求的另一個目標是，不僅使商店成為一個購物的地方，而讓它成為一個人們愛去的目的地。15．D寫作意圖題。縱觀全文，作者先是給出信息：香味已成為名牌店吸引顧客的一種手段，進而對此做出進一步的解釋和說明。Ⅱ.16－20DBAFEⅢ.【語篇解讀】本文主要講述了一位女士對大約20年前第一次接觸自然科學課程的回憶。在那堂課上，教授告訴學生不要相信自己的感官。這深深地刺痛了當年只有17歲的她，因為她認為自己正開始了解世界，感官是她唯一依賴的工具，而教授卻把它拿走了。這使她很害怕，當天下午就放棄了這門課程，至今也沒再走近科學。21．C考查上下文串聯。art藝術；history歷史；science科學；math數學。根據下文可知這位女士記起的是一堂自然科學課程。故C正確。22．D考查動詞短語辨析。searchfor“尋找”；lookat“看”；getthrough“完成，打通電話”；marchinto“(大步)走進”，此處指教授走進演講大廳。故D正確。23．B考查上下文串聯。count數，計算；guess猜想；report報道；watch觀看；根據下一句中的After__24__shoutsofwildlywrongguesses可知此處指教授讓學生猜有多少豆子。故選B。24．D考查上下文串聯。根據句子結構可以看出空中的動作應是教授發出的。句意：聽了學生的瞎猜之后，教授露出一個干癟的笑。由此可知選D。25．C考查形容詞辨析。ready準備好的；possible可能的；correct正確的；difficult困難的。根據前面的wildlywrongguesses可知此處指教授給出正確的答案。故C項correct是正確答案。26．A考查動詞辨析。learn學習，學會；prepare準備；teach教育；take帶走。從上下文可知本處指作者learnanimportantlesson表示“學到很重要的一堂課”。故A正確。27．B考查上下文串聯。lose失去，迷路；trust信任；sharpen使鋒利；show展示。根據這個故事可知教授讓學生不要相信自己的感官。有時候看到的不一定就是正確的。故B正確。28．D考查上下文串聯。此處的thewoman是指第一段中的awoman。根據下文也可推斷出，因為她提到20年前自己是一個17歲的女生。故D正確。29．C考查動詞短語辨析。describe...as...“把……描述為”；respect...as...“把……尊為”；see...as...“把……看作”；serveas“充當”。句意：他可能把自己看作是在邀請學生去探索未知世界。只有C項與上下文語義串聯一致。30．A考查名詞辨析。voyage航行；movement運動；change改變；rush沖，匆忙，繁忙的活動。此處應指“邀請學生開始令人激動的對未知世界的探索之旅”。故A正確。31．B考查常識。professor教授；eye眼睛；knowledge知識；light燈光，光線；anunknownworldinvisibletotheeye指眼睛看不到的未知的世界。根據常識可知只有眼睛才可以看見。其余三項不符合常識。故B正確。32．D考查名詞