定語從句一個句子充當定語稱之為定語從句。被修飾限定的詞叫先行詞，引導定語從句的詞叫關系詞，包括關系代詞和關系副詞。定語從句可分為兩種，即限制性定語從句和非限制性定語從句。基本概念先行詞是物先行詞是人定語地點狀語時間狀語

主賓

主

賓關系代詞whichthatwhowhomwhose關系副詞wherewhenwhy原因狀語關系詞關系代詞關系副詞thatwhichwhomwhoseaswhenwhywhowhere

正確使用關系詞主語賓語表語定語狀語指代人或物功能指代時間地點原因功能選擇依據：

1)弄清關系詞在從句中作什么成分，是主語、賓語、定語還是狀語2)辨別先行詞表示的是人、物、事還是時間、地點、原因3)判斷從句是限制性的還是非限制性的(只有that,why不能引導非限制性從句)(主句)ThegirlisMary.1.Thegirlisreadingabook.2.Everyonelikesthegirl.Thegirl

isMary.whoisreadingabookwhomeveryonelikes3.Thegirl'shairisgold.whosehairisgoldthatwhothat()(主句)Thebookisonthedesk.1.ThebookbelongstoMary.2.Marylikesthebookmost.3.Thebook'scoverisblue.Thebook

isonthedesk.whichbelongstoMarywhichMarylikesmostwhosecoverisbluethatthat()關系代詞that和which在很多情況下可以互換，但哪些情況只能用that?考點一1.Allthatcanbedonehasbeendone.2.Thereisnodifficulty

thatwecan’tovercome.3.Thisisthefirstletter

thatI’vewritteninEnglish.4.ThisisthemostexcitingtripthatIhaveeverexperienced.5.Theytalkedabouttheteachersandtheschools

(that)theyhadvisited.1)當先行詞是不定代詞時，如：all,few,everything,anything,nothing,much,little,none等。2)先行詞前有no,all,few,little,theonly,oneof,every,very等詞修飾時。3）先行詞是序數詞或被序數詞first,last,next等修飾時。4）先行詞是形容詞的最高級或被形容詞的最高級修飾時。5）當先行詞既有人又有物時。只用that不用which的情況：A)thatB)whichC)whoD)whomE)省略多項選擇1.Theterribletyphoonkilledthepeopleandcattle______wereinthefields.2.Thewindblewdownthetallesttree_____isinfrontofourschoolgate.3.Thisistheverything_____Iwaslookingfor.4.Thisisthesecondnovel_____Ihaveeverread.5.Thereisnothingintheworld_____canfrightenme.AAAEAAE有哪些情況關系代詞不用that，而用which，who，whom?考點二1、在非限制性定語從句中，指事物用which，指人用who或whom.１．Hemadethesamemistakesagain,______madehisparentsveryangry.２．YesterdayIboughtadictionary,_______costmemorethan100yuan.３．Mr.Smith,_______gaveatalkseveralmonthsago,willcomeagain.４．Myunclehascomebackfromabroad,_______Ihaven’tmetforalongtime.whichwhichwhowhomFillintheblanks1.Herbag,in_______sheputallhermoney,hasbeenstolen.2.Thisistheringon________shespent1000dollars.3.XiaoWang,with______Iwenttotheconcert,enjoyedhimselfverymuch.2、在介詞后面，指事物用which，指人用whom.whichwhichwhom在定語從句中如何正確判斷與使用介詞?考點三1.Thegirl_____whomhehadfoughtallhislifenolongerseemedimportanttohim.2.Heistheman_____whomIthinkyoucandepend.3.Hereferredtosomereferencebooks______whichIamnotveryfamiliar.方法1.看定語從句中動詞或形容詞與介詞的搭配foronwithFillintheblanks方法2.看從句中的動詞或動詞詞組與先行詞的搭配1.Hemadeaholeinthewall,________whichhecouldseewhatwasgoingonoutsidethehouse.2.Thelibrarian_____whomIjustshookhandsworksheartandsoul.throughwith方法3、根據先行詞判斷，所用的介詞與先行詞搭配1.Therate______whichwildanimalsarebeingdestroyedhasincreased.2.Thisisourclassroom,_______________（在前面）whichthereisateacher’sdesk.atinthefrontof關系副詞When=on(in,during…)whichwhere=on(in,infrontof…)whichWhy=forwhich關系副詞與介詞+關系代詞的替代名詞/代詞/數詞+of

+which/whom知多少?考點四1.Thecommitteeconsistsof20membersand5

of

themarewomen.2.Thebookcontains50poems,andmostofthemwerewrittenin1930s.3.Ihaveasentence,and

themeaningof

itIdon’tunderstand.Thecommitteeconsistsof20members,5

of

whomarewomen.Thebookcontains50poems,

mostofwhichwerewrittenin1930s.Ihaveasentence,

themeaningof

whichIdon’tunderstand.Rewritethefollowingsentences名詞/代詞/數詞+of

表示物用which

表示人用whomConclusion如何恰當使用when,where,why與which,that引導的定語從句?考點五1.

先行詞是表示地點,時間,原因的名詞或含有地點,時間,原因意義的抽象名詞，用來引導定語從句.when,where,why在從句中作狀語相當于相應的介詞+which2.

若定語從句缺主語或賓語，用which或that引導定語從句。ConclusionThelibrary_____________youvisitedyesterdaywasbuiltin1990.Thisisthetown______________Ispentmychildhood.where/inwhich(which/that)I’llneverforgettheday____________wefirstmetinthepark.I’llneverforgetthetime__________Ispentwithyou.when/onwhich(which/that)Thisisthereason_________________Ididn’tcomehere.why/forwhichThereason__________shegavewasnottrue.(which/that)如何用好whose

引導的定語從句?考點六whose表示所屬關系Theriver_________banksarecoveredwithtreesflowstothesea.whoseThereareinthisclass20students,______aredifferent.A.whosebackgroundsB.thebackgroundsofwhomC.ofwhomthebackgroundsD.thebackgroundsofwhose

as和which

的區別知多少？考點七as引導的限制性定語從句此時先行詞前常被such,thesame,so,as修飾，即構成such…as,thesame…as,so…as,as…as結構，做題時容易忽略。提示：在做有關定語從句題目時，如果選項中出現as,請先考慮是否考查as引導的定語從句。as作為關系代詞，既可以引導限制性定語從句，又可以引導非限制性定語從句，在從句中做主語、賓語或表語.1、用于非限制性定語從句時，可以指代整個主句的內容，as和which可以換用。

Helefther,______________wasstrange.

2、as引導非限制性定語從句，指代整個主句的內容，從句可置于句首，句中和句尾。

________everyoneknows,TomisgoodatEnglish.

3、非限制性定語從句中謂語為被動時，常用as作主語。

asissaid/known/announced/reported/mentioned/expected/discussed等。

_______isknowntoall,TaiwanispartofChina.

4、as引導非限制性定語從句，有“正如”的含義，因此，下列句式中多用as:

as/whichAsAsasiswellknown/isknowntoallashasbeensaidbeforeashasbeenalreadypointedoutasweallcanseeasisexpected/hoped/supposedasisoftenthecase……as引導非限制性定語從句常見結構有眾所周知如前所述正如已經指出的正如我們所看到的正如所盼望的/

希望的/料想的情況常常如此5、which引導非限制定語從句，指代整個主句的內容，從句只能置于句尾。

Thedecisionwasright,whichwasexactlywhathewanted.6、which引導非限制性定語從句，指代主句中的一個詞（先行詞）從句置于先行詞后，可在句中或句尾。

Thefootballmatch,whichIwatchedyesterday,isveryinteresting.as引導的非限制性定語從句Theearthisround._____isknowntoall.Theearthisround,_____isknowntoall._____isknowntoall,theearthisround._____isknowntoallthat

theearthisround.Itwhich/as

AsItas具有正如之意，與之搭配的動詞一般是固定的，如：asyouknow/asyousee/asweplanned/asweexpected定語從句在句首時只能用as,四.as在定語從句中的靈活運用as引導的限制性定語從句Thisissuchaninterestingbook____wealllike.Thisissointerestingabook_____wealllike.Thisissuchaninterestingbook____wealllikeit.Thisissointerestingabook____wealllikeit.asthatPleasecompletethefollowingsentencesandcompare:asthat這是大家都喜歡的如此有趣的一本書。(定語從句)這本書如此有趣，大家都喜歡。(結果狀語從句)1.定語從句中關系代詞與先行詞的一致性。試比較：Heistheonlyoneofthestudentswho_______herejustnow.Heisoneofthestudentswho_______herejustnow.2.定語從句與并列結構。試比較：Hehastwosons,neitherof_________lookslikehim.Hehastwosons,andneitherof________lookslikehim.考點八定語從句運用中的注意點

waswerewhomthem3、是用theone還是用that,which,where.

（1）Isthisschool_______youstudy?

（2）Isthistheschool______youstudyin?

（3）Isthistheschool_______youstudy?

（4）Isthisschool______isaseniorone?

A.that/which

B.where

C.theone

D.theonewhere

E.theonethat/which

遇到這類句子，先將其變成肯定句，再看主句是否缺少表語。若缺表語，則必須用theone的形式，接著再看theone在從句中作什么成分，若作狀語，則必須用theonewhere，若作主語或賓語時，則用theone(that/which)

DABE4、是用when還是用that,which（1）May1istheday______wespenttogether.

（2）May1istheday______ijoinedthearmy.

A.that/which

B.when

當先行詞是表示時間的名詞時，作時間狀語時，用when,若作主語或賓語時，就用that/which.

AB5.where引導的定語從句先行詞大多數情況下是表示地點的名詞，但也有特殊情況。如：1)I’vecometothepoint__________Ican’tstandhim.2)He’sgothimselfintoadangeroussituation________heislikelytolosecontrolovertheplane.

在這兩句中，where引導的定語從句分別修飾point和situation,表示抽象意義“到了某種地步，在某種境況中”。occasion,state,case,condition,stagewherewhere6、定語從句與強調結構的區別

（1）Itwasinthishouse_____hewasborn.

（2）Itwasthehouse______hewasborn.

（3）Itwasinthehouse______heusedtoliveinthattheexhibitionwasheld.

A.where

B.that

C.which

D.there

判斷是否是強調結構的方法是去掉itis/was…that,若整個句子結構和意義不受影響，則為強調結構，否則為定語從句。

BAC7、定語從句與其他從句的區別（1）定語從句與地點狀語從句的區別是看有無表示地點的名詞作先行詞，有則是定語從句，試比較：Youshouldleavethetoywhereyoucanfind.

Istillrememberthebusstopwhere/atwhichImetyou.（2）定語從句與結果狀語從句的區別是看從句的連接詞是否在從句中作成分，作成分的是定語從句；若連接詞在句中不作成分時，則為結果狀語從句。試比較：Heissuchakindpersonaseverybodylikes.

He