Unit4Astronomy：Thescienceofthestars基礎知識自測一、單詞識記1._____________n.天文學家2._____________pron，n.&adj.十億3._____________adj.猛烈的，強暴的4._____________n.大氣層；氣氛5._____________n.恐龍6._____________adv.因此；于是astronomerbillionviolentatmospheredinosaurthus7._____________n.衛星；人造衛星8._____________n.氣候9._____________n.宇宙飛船10.____________v.減少，減輕11.religionn.___________________12.theoryn.___________________13.globen.___________________球體；地球儀；地球satelliteclimatespaceshiplessen宗教，宗教信仰學說，理論14.fundamentaladj.________________15.multiplyv.________________16.oxygenn.________________17.gravityn.________________18.extinctadj.________________19.crashv.________________20.cabinn.________________小屋；船艙基本的；基礎的乘；增加氧氣萬有引力；重力滅絕的；絕種的碰撞；墜落二、詞匯拓展__________n.猛烈，暴力(行為)__________adv.猛烈地⑴Hisheartbeats__________(violent).

⑵Notafew__________(violence)sceneswerecutfromthefilmbeforeitcametoshow.1.violentadj.猛烈的，激烈的，強暴的violenceviolentlyviolentlyviolent2.unlikeprep.不像，和……不同___________prep.像，如同

___________adj.可能的

___________adj.不太可能的

___________adj.相似的，同樣的alikelikelikelyunlikely⑴Asisterisafriend_________(like)anyother.Insomeway，she’slikeamother.Shelistenstoyourproblemsandgivesgoodadvice.

⑵Helikescatsbut__________(like)dogs.unlikedislikes___________adj.目前的，出席的v.贈送

______________n.介紹，呈現，演出

___________［反義］n.缺席3.presencen.出席；到場；存在absencepresentpresentation⑴Everyone___________(presence)atthemeetingwaspleasedatthe_________(present)ofthegeneralmanager.

⑵Withlotsofproblemsunsettled，theyareverybusy____present.presentpresenceat_____________n.&v.傷傷害，損害害______________adj.無害的的，無惡意意的_____________________［搭配］］對……有有害的______________________［搭配配］損害,傷害某人人______________［反義義］adj.有益益的4.harmfuladj.有害害的beneficialharmharmlessbeharmfultodosb.harm/doharmtosbAsweallknow，smokingis⑴_______(harm)toourhealth.That’’stosay，itdoesharm⑵⑵____ourhealth.Therefore，weshouldn’tsmokebuttodosomethingthatis⑶___________(harm)toourhealth.harmlessharmfulto5.developvt.發展，發發達，開發發vi.發展，生生長____________n.發展，，進展，開開發____________adj.發發展中的____________adj.發發達的__________________________________［搭配配］隨著………的發展展as...develop/withthedevelopmentof....developmentdevelopingdeveloped⑴Astheindustrydevelops，the_______(develop)countriesaresurprisedatthequick___________(develop)ofthedevelopedcountries.⑵______________________________________________________(隨著經經濟的發展展)，peopleareleadingabetterandbetterlife.Withthedevelopmentofeconomy/Aseconomydevelopsdevelopingdevelopment6.reactionn.反應，，回應____________vi.起起反應，，起作用用，有影影響____________［［搭配］］對………反應reactreactto...⑴Allherfriendswerequicktoreacttohersuddenchangewhi⑵Howdidhereact_____thenewsthattheirteamwon?toreaction三、詞組互譯1.及及時;終于__________________2.輪輪到某某人;接接著______3.阻止;制止__________________4.感到高興;感到興奮__________________5.既然__________________6.爆發;突發__________________7.密切注視;當心;提防__________________watchoutintimeinone’’sturnprevent...from(doing)...cheerupnowthatbreakout8.依依賴；；依靠______________________9.四四面八八方______________________10.摔摔倒倒；跌倒倒______________________11.layeggs______________________12.givebirthto______________________13.blockout______________________14getthehangof______________________15.冷卻下來dependoninalldirectionsfallover下蛋產生，分娩擋住(光線)掌握，熟悉；；理解四、詞組運用1.Oneday，whenabigfire__________(發生)inatallbuilding，，peoplelivingtherelosttheirheadsandran________________(四方方奔逃).2.Someofthem________________(不當心)forthestairsandeven_________(摔倒).3.Luckily，thefiremenarrived_________(及及時)imebrokeoutinalldirectionsdidn’twatchoutfellover4.They______________________(使人們冷靜下下來)andsoon______________(熟悉,弄清清)thesituation.5.______________(依靠,憑借)theirfirecontrolknowledge，thefiremenquickly__________________________________(阻阻止了了火勢勢的蔓蔓延).6.Then，，they_________________(接著著)tosavethepeoplewhoweretrappedinthebigfire.wereintheirturncooledthepeopledowngotthehangofDependingonthefirefromspreadingprevented7._______________(由于于)theirhelp，，thefire______________(沒沒有傷傷害到到)thepeople.8.Eventhosewhoaregoingto_____________(產生生,分分娩)ababydidn’’tgetburnt9._________(既然)nobodywasbadlyhurtinthefire，peoplebeganto_________(感到振奮)abit.cheerupAsaresultofdidnoharmtogivebirthtoNowthat五、課文填空Nooneknowsexactlyhowtheearthbegan.However，accordingtoawidelyacceptedtheory，itbegan1______a““BigBang”.Thentheearthexplodedloudlyandproducedwatervaporandmanygases，2_________(make)theearth’’satmosphere.Andthenastheearthcooleddown，，waterappearewithmakingonItwasthepresenceofwater4______allowedtheearthtodissolveharmfulgasesandacidsintotheoceansandseas,5_____madeitpossibleforlifetodevelop.Andthe6_____________(appear)ofsmallplantsencouragedthedevelopmentofearlyshellfishandallsortsoffish.appearancethatwhichNext，，greenplantsbegantogrowonland.7______werefollowedbylandanimals.Later，，reptilesappearedforthefirsttime，，afterwhichdinosaursdeveloped.8__________，，theysuddenlydisappeared.Therefore，，mammalsroseontheearth.Finally，，humansappearedandspreadallovertheearth.TheyHoweverHowever，theyareputtingtoomuchcarbondioxideintotheatmosphere，makingtheearthtoohottoliveon.So9__________lifewillcontinueontheearthwilldependonwhetherthisproblemcan10____________(solve).whetherbesolved六、語法專練1.________youhavedonemightdoharmtootherpeople.2.__________themanagerwillattendthemeetingtomorrowisnotknown.3.______causedtheaccidentisstillacompletemystery.WhatWhetherWhat4.Itisafact________Englishisacceptedasaninternationallanguage.5.Parentsshouldknow______importanteducationistotheirchildren’sfuture.howthat掌握重要考點核心單詞1.existvi存存在；；生存存，生生活，，繼續續存在在派生：：existencen.存在在existentadj.存在在的existin存存在在于………中中existon=liveon靠靠………生生活existas作作為為………而存存在，，以………形形態存存在⑴Theycannotexist______themoneyhe’’searning.⑵Mattercanexist__asolid，，liquid，orgas.⑶Wecan’texistwithoutwater.Thatmeansour___________(exist)dependsonwater.運用：：用適適當的的詞填填空或或用所所給詞詞的適適當形形式填填空。。existenceonasbepuzzledby被………迷迷惑beinapuzzle(about)(對對………)不不知如如何是是好beapuzzletosb對某某人來來說是是個謎謎2.puzzlen.迷；；難題題v.(使)迷惑惑；(使)為難難派生：：puzzlingadj.令令人困困惑的的puzzledadj.(人感感到)困惑惑的⑴Herdecisionwasapuzzle____him.⑵Hisrecentbehavior______________(使我我迷惑不解解).⑶Hisanswersounds________(puzzle)andweareall___________(puzzle).運用：用適適當的詞填填空或根據據提示完成成句子。puzzledtopuzzlesmepuzzling重要詞組1.intime遲早(soonerorlater)，，最后(eventually)；及時(=earlyorsoonenough)⑴他應當當可以及時時到達那里里。Youshouldbeableto___________________.⑵總有一一天我會遇遇見她。I’ll_____________________________.運用：根據據漢語意思思完成英文文句子。seeherintimegetthereintime⑴她生了了雙胞胎。。She____________________lastnight.⑵這段奇奇特的經歷歷促成了他他的最新一一部小說的的誕生。Theextraordinaryexperience__________________________________.2.givebirthtovt.產產生生，，分分娩娩，，引引起起，，造造成成運用用：：根根據據漢漢語語意意思思完完成成英英文文句句子子。。tohislatestnovelgavebirthtotwinsgavebirth用法法：：在主主動動語語態態的的句句子子中中，，stop和和prevent后后的的from可可省省略略，，但但keep后后的的3.prevent/stop/keep...from阻阻止止；；制制止止⑴雨使我們們不能踢足球球了。Therain_______________________________.⑵人們采取取行動，防止止了環境的惡惡化。Peopletookmeasuresandthus_______________________________________.運用：根據漢漢語提示完成成句子。environmentfromgettingworsepreventedusfromplayingfootballpreventedthe4.cheerup(使)高興起起來，振奮起起來⑴這消息使使他高興起來Thenews___________________.

⑵振作起來!我們的困難很快就會過去。______________!Ourtroubleswillsoonbeover.運用：根據漢漢語意思完成成英文句子。。Cheerupcheeredhimup⑴既然你長長大了，就不不應該依靠你你的父母。_____________________，youshouldnotrelyonyourparents.⑵既然已完完成了工作，，你就應該好好好休息一下下。Yououghttohaveagoodrest________________________________.5.nowthat由由于，既然然(=since)運用：根據漢漢語意思完成成英文句子。。you’vefinishedtheworkNowthatyougrowupnowthat⑴夜間突然然發生了火災災。Afire______________duringthenight.⑵第二次次世界大戰是是1939年年爆發的。WorldWarII_______________________.6.breakout(戰爭、、火災等不愉愉快之事)突然發生，爆爆發運用：根據漢漢語意思完成成英文句子。。brokeoutin1939brokeout⑴當心，別別把桌子上的的紙弄臟了。。______________!Don’tdirtythepaperonthedesk.⑵我我們們必須須小心心公共共汽車車上的的小偷偷。Wemust_____________thethievesonthebus.7.watchout注注意，，當心心(單單獨用用于祈祈使句句)watchoutfor密密切注注意，，留意意；提提防運用：：根據據漢語語意思思完成成英文文句子子。watchoutforWatchout佳句誦寫1.原原句：：Itwasnotimmediatelyobviousthatwaterwastobefundamentaltothedevelopmentoflife.(L18，P26)水水對于于生命命的發發展會會起關關鍵作作用，，這一一點在在當時時并不句型：：Itisobviousthat...顯顯然………⑴很很顯然然他得得了重重感冒________________heissufferingfromabadcold.

⑵顯然老師已經原諒了他所做的一切。__________________theteacherhasforgivenhimforwhathehasdone.

⑶很明顯他昨天沒有說實話。________________________________________yesterday.仿寫：：請將將下列列句子子譯成成英文文。Itwasobviousthathedidn’ttellthetruthItisobviousthatItisobviousthat2.原原句：：Thisproducedachainreaction，，whichmadeitpossibleforlifetodevelop.(L25，，P26.)這這就產產生了了一系系列的的反應應，使使得生生命就就有可可能開開始發發展了了。句型：：makeit+adj.+forsb.todo使某某人做做某事事………說明：：it是是形式式賓語語，forsb.todo是是真正正的賓賓語。。⑴因因特特網使使我們們有可可能用用很短短的時時間從從其他他國家家獲得得更多多的信信息。。TheInternethas____________________________________fromothercountriesinmuchlesstime.⑵這這本書使使我學習習英語容容易多了了。Thebook_________________________English.⑶這這場雨使使我們走走遠路很很困難。。Therain____________________________longdistances.仿寫：根根據漢語語意思，，完成英英文句子子。madeitdifficultforustowalkmadeitpossibleforustogetmoremakesiteasyformetolearninformation3.原句句：Whenwegetclosertothemoon，weshallfeelitsgravitypullingus，，butitwillnotbeasstrongapullastheearth’s.當我們們更接近近月球時時，就會會感到月月球的引引力在拉拉我們。。但是，，月球的的引力不不像地球球的引力力那么大大。(L1，P31)句型：notas/so...as...不不如/不像………⑴這這本字典典不如你你想象的的那樣有有用。Thisdictionaryis___________________________.⑵他他不像看看上去那那樣老。。_____________________helooks.⑶根根據調查查，大部部分女生生不像男男生一樣樣對足球球感興趣趣。Accordingtothesurvey，___________________________________________________.仿寫：請請將下列列句子譯譯成英文文。interestedinfootballasboysarenotas/sousefulasyouthinkHeisn’’tasoldasmostgirlsa輕松走近高考一、完形形填空本文主要要介紹美美國宇航航局在1978年開始始培訓女女性宇航航員，以以及JudyResnick和和ChristaMcAuliffe兩位女女性宇航航員的一一些情況況和他們們在1984年年入選參參加太空1.A。由下文andintheend...可知。2.D。由下文againsthavingwomeninspace可知，不少人抵制，反抗婦女參加到太空探索隊伍當中。3.C。。由上文somepeopleagainsthavingwomeninspace到到后來的的In1978，NASAbeganthefirsttrainingprogrammeforwomenastronauts可可以得知知婦女成成功地加加入到了了這一行行列中。。4.A。。...werebothastronautsandtheywerebothwomen，but...之前前講的是是相同點點，but轉折折之后當當然是different5.B。。從上文的的thefirstgroupofwomen當當中挑選選人來進進行培訓訓。6.C。。由下文的的hiswholelife和和她后來來的事業業可知，，她的工工作是全全職的。。7.D。。固定搭配配devoteoneslifeto...8.B。。由下文可可知，她她是一名名老師，，沒有刻刻意要去去當航天天員，航航天局在在找合適適的教師師陪同航航天員進進入太空空時，她她有幸被被選中了了。9.B。。由句意可可知，教教師是陪陪同航天