南京郵電大學(xué)2011/2012學(xué)年第一學(xué)期課程設(shè)計(jì)實(shí)驗(yàn)報(bào)告模塊名稱(chēng)AVR單片機(jī)課程設(shè)計(jì)專(zhuān)業(yè)學(xué)生班級(jí)學(xué)生學(xué)號(hào)學(xué)生姓名指導(dǎo)教師李虹戴海鴻楊潔王明偉日期：2011年9月26日至2011年10月20日AVR單片機(jī)課程設(shè)計(jì)報(bào)告課程設(shè)計(jì)目的學(xué)習(xí)ATmegal28單片機(jī)的仿真環(huán)境(AVRStudio)及C語(yǔ)言編程環(huán)境(ICCAVR)。學(xué)習(xí)ATmegal28單片機(jī)的C語(yǔ)言編程，熟悉使用板載JTAG進(jìn)行仿真調(diào)試。課程設(shè)計(jì)內(nèi)容基本要求：訪問(wèn)時(shí)鐘芯片PCF8563,在LCD1602±顯示年、月、口、時(shí)、分、秒，或通過(guò)串II將時(shí)間傳至PC。合理定義板上按鍵功能，隨機(jī)設(shè)定、調(diào)整時(shí)間和口期。擴(kuò)展要求：鬧鐘功能，啟動(dòng)蜂鳴器鳴叫。有閏年功能課程設(shè)計(jì)過(guò)程設(shè)計(jì)原理：利用ATmegal28內(nèi)部的IIC,讀寫(xiě)實(shí)時(shí)時(shí)鐘芯片PCF8563內(nèi)部的寄存器,通過(guò)PC顯示出來(lái)，可通過(guò)按鍵，設(shè)置當(dāng)前時(shí)間。實(shí)驗(yàn)原理圖：按鍵部分KEY&BUZZ4個(gè)獨(dú)立按鍵，接在PD4?PD7,通過(guò)一個(gè)電阻到地，鍵盤(pán)按下時(shí)為低電平,釋放為高電平。

實(shí)時(shí)時(shí)鐘芯片PCF8563部分實(shí)時(shí)時(shí)鐘芯片PCF8563通過(guò)IIC總線連接到ATmegal28的SDA和SCL總線上。3?軟件設(shè)計(jì)1）思路如下：使用ATmegal28內(nèi)部TWI通過(guò)IIC總線讀寫(xiě)實(shí)時(shí)時(shí)鐘芯片PCF8563內(nèi)部的寄存器實(shí)現(xiàn)實(shí)時(shí)時(shí)鐘功能，使用四個(gè)按鍵設(shè)置時(shí)鐘的年，月，日，時(shí)，分，秒，并把時(shí)鐘顯示到PC上。2）程序流程圖3）關(guān)鍵代碼:voidPoweiOiiIiutial(void)Key_imt();//初始化按鍵lcd_uut();//初始化LCDPCF8563_uiitQ;//初始化PCF8563PCF8563Tune.PCF8563Data.Year=11;PCF8563Tune.PCF8563Data.Month=10;PCF8563Tune.PCF8563Data.Day=14;PCF8563Tune.PCF8563Data.Hour=23;PCF8563Tune.PCF8563Data.NImute=30;PCF8563Tune.PCF8563Data.Second=30;//初始化時(shí)間DecToBCDQ;//十進(jìn)制轉(zhuǎn)BCD碼PCF8536^1_p(0x02TCF8563Tune.bData,7); //寫(xiě)PCF8653時(shí)間SvsteinMode=RTCTIMEMODE;}函數(shù)PowerOiihiitial的作用是初始化按鍵，PCF8563,并初始化時(shí)鐘的時(shí)間。voidKevProcess(void){BYTEKeyCode;KeyCode=get_key();switch(KeyCode){case(((l?S4r0xF0))://模式選擇按鍵if(SvsteinMode==RTCTIMEMODE){ //當(dāng)當(dāng)前模式為顯示模式SysteniNIode=SETTINGMODE;//轉(zhuǎn)換成設(shè)置模式SetStep=SETYEAR:}elseif(SysteniMode=SETTINGMODE){ 〃當(dāng)當(dāng)前模式為設(shè)置模式SysteniNIode=RTCTIMEMODE;//轉(zhuǎn)換成顯示模式DecToBCD();//十進(jìn)制轉(zhuǎn)BCD碼PCF8536_\vt_p(0x02fCF8563Time?bData,7);//寫(xiě)PCF8653時(shí)間}break;case(((1?S3)ZOxFO))://選擇按鍵if(SvsteinMode!=SETTINGMODE){break;}if(++SetStep==(SETSECOND+1)){SetStep=SETYEAR:}break;case(((1?S2)ZOxFO))://加按鍵if(SysteinMode!=SETTINGMODE){break:}switch(SetStep){caseSETYEAR:if(++PCF8563Tmie.PCF8563Data.Yeai-==99+1){PCF8563Tune.PCF8563Data.Year=0;}break;caseSETMONTH:if(++PCF8563Tmie.PCF8563Data.Month==12+1){PCF8563Tune.PCF8563Data.Month=1;}break;caseSETDAY:if(++PCF8563Tmie.PCF8563Data.Day==31+1){PCF8563Tune.PCF8563Data.Day=1;}break;caseSETHOUR:if(++PCF8563Tmie.PCF8563Data.Hour—23+1){PCF8563Tune.PCF8563Data.Hour=0;}break;caseSETMINUTE:if(++PCF8563Tmie.PCF8563Data.Mmute—59+1){PCF8563Tiine.PCF8563Data.Minute=0;}break;caseSETSECOND:if(++PCF8563Tmie.PCF8563Data.Second==59+1){PCF8563Tiine.PCF8563Data.Second=0;}break;default:break;}break:case(((l?Sl)z0xF0)): //減按鍵switch(SetStep){caseSETYEAR:if(-PCF8563Time.PCF8563Data.Yeai-==0-1){PCF8563Tune.PCF8563Data.Year=99;}break;caseSETMONTH:if(-PCF8563Time.PCF8563Data.Montli==1-1){PCF8563Tune.PCF8563Data.Month=12;}break;caseSETDAY:if(-PCF8563Time.PCF8563Data.Day==1-1){PCF8563Tune.PCF8563Data.Day=31;}break;caseSETHOUR:if(-PCF8563Time.PCF8563Data.Houi—0-1){PCF8563Tune.PCF8563Data.Hom-=23;}break;caseSETMINUTE:if(-PCF8563Time.PCF8563Data.Mmute—0-1){PCF8563Tune.PCF8563Data.Minute=59;}break;caseSETSECOND:if(-PCF8563Time.PCF8563Data.Second—0-1){PCF8563Tune.PCF8563Data.Second=59;}break;default:break;}break:default:break:}}函數(shù)KeyPiocess的作用取得按鍵的鍵，并進(jìn)行相應(yīng)的按鍵處理。voidDisplayMain(void){if(SysteniMode==RTCTIMEMODE){PCF8536_[d(0x02.PCF8563Time?bData,7);〃讀PCF8563時(shí)間

BCDToDecQ;//BCD碼轉(zhuǎn)換成十進(jìn)制數(shù)}LCM1602BufferLmeO[LINEONEBASIC]PCF8563Tmie.PCF8563Data.Year/10+,0,;LCM1602BufferLmeO[LINEONEBASIC+1]PCF8563Tmie.PCF8563Data.Year%104-,0f;LCM1602BufferLmeO[LINEONEBASIC+3]PCF8563Tmie.PCF8563Data.Month/10+,0,;LCM1602BufferLmeO[LINEONEBASIC+4]PCF8563Tmie.PCF8563Data.Month%10+,0f;LCM1602BufferLmeO[LINEONEBASIC+6]PCF8563Tmie.PCF8563Data.Dav/10+*0,;LCM1602BufferLmeO[LINEONEBASIC+7]PCF8563Tmie.PCF8563Data.Dav%10+,0,;LCM1602BufferLme1[LINETWOBASIC]PCF8563Tmie.PCF8563Data.Houi710+,0,;LCM1602BufferLme1[LINETWOBASIC+1]PCF8563Tmie.PCF8563Data.Houi^>10+,0,;LCM1602BufferLme1[LINETWOBASIC+3]PCF8563Tmie.PCF8563Data.Minute/10+,0,;LCM1602BufferLme1[LINETWOBASIC+4]PCF8563Tmie.PCF8563Data.Minute%10+,0,;LCM1602BufferLme1[LINETWOBASIC+6]PCF8563Tiine.PCF8563Data.Second/10+,0,;//閃爍控制LCM1602BufferLme1[LINETWOBASIC+7]PCF8563Tmie.PCF8563Data.Second%10+,0,//閃爍控制if(SysteniMode==SETTINGMODE&&flgFlash=TRUE){switch(SetStep){caseSETYEAR:LCM1602BufferLmeO[LINEONEBASIC]=*:LCM1602BufferLmeO[LINEONEBASIC+l]=?:break:caseSETMONTH:LCM1602BufferLmeO[LINEONEBASIC+3]=1:LCM1602BufferLmeO[LINEONEBASIC+4]=1:break:caseSETDAY:LCM1602BufferLmeO[LINEONEBASIC+6]=1:LCM1602BufferLmeO[LINEONEBASIC+7]=1:break:caseSETHOUR:LCM1602BufferLme1[LINEONEBASIC]=*:

LCM1602BufifeiLme1[LINEONEBASIC+1]=1；break:caseSETNIINUTE:LCM1602BufifeiLme1[LINEONEBASIC+3]=*:LCM1602BufifeiLme1[LINEONEBASIC+4]=*:break:caseSETSECOND:LCM1602BufifeiLme1[LINEONEBASIC+6]=*:LCM1602BufifeiLme1[LINEONEBASIC+7]=*:break:default:break:}}lcd_disp_string(O,O,LCMl602BufiferLine0);//更新第一行顯示lcd_disp_string(1,0,LCM1602BufiferLme1);