2022北京房山高三一模英語本試卷共10頁，100分。考試時長90分鐘。考生務必將答案答在答題卡上，在試卷上作答無效。考試結束后，將答題卡交回，試卷自行保存。第一部分知識運用（共兩節，30分）第一節（共10小題；每小題L5分，共15分）閱讀下面短文，掌握其大意，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中，選出最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑Asawomanwalkeddownthestreetsoneday,shenoticedabeggar.Themanlookedoldandill-dressed.She1askedtheman,“Sir?Areyouhungry?”Shetriedtopickhimup."Youneedto2something/'thewomansaid.Themanlookedatthewoman,who,clearlybyherappearancewasfroma3background,"No,"hesaidcoldly.Thewomanfinallymanagedto4themanintothecafeteriaandorderedhimsomethingtoeat.Whenthemanwaseatinghismeal,thewomanstaredatthemanandasked“Jack,doyou5me?”OldJackexaminedherface.Thenhisfacesuddenlylitup."NowIrememberyou.Iusedtobeatthecounter.Youcameupandaskedmeifyoucouldworkforsomethingtoeat.”“Thenyou6methebiggestroastbeefsandwich,acupofcoffee,andatableformetositat.Isawyouputthe7ofmyfoodinthecashregister.^thewomansaid.Sheopenedherpurseandpulledoutabusiness8"Pleasepayavisittothepersonneldirectorofmycompany.Weneedyourhelp.Wecanpayyouthe9inadvance.^^“HowcanIeverrepayyour10?”Jackasked.“Youdon'tneedto”,thewomansmiled.1.A.nervouslyB.kindlyC.curiouslyD.confusedly2.A.doB.buyC.eatD.learn3.A.wealthyB.politicalC.trustworthyD.famous4.A.forceB.showC.leadD.drag5.A.recognizeB.followC.forgiveD.understand6.A.soldB.droppedC.offeredD.promised7.A.orderB.menuC.priceD.package8.A.ticketB.cardC.letterD.invitation9.A.interestB.billC.debtD.salary10.A.comfortB.kindnessC.sacrificeD.contribution第二節（共10小題；每小題L5分，共15分）閱讀下列短文，根據短文內容填空。在未給提示詞的空白處僅填寫1個恰當的單詞，在給出提示詞的空白處用括號內所給詞的正確形式填空。請在答題卡指定區域作答：A閱讀下列短文，根據短文內容填空。在未給提示詞的空白處僅填寫1個恰當的單詞，在給出提示詞的空白處用括號內所給詞的正確形式填空。考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：“你需要吃點東西，”女士說。A.do做；B.buy買；C.eat吃；D.leam學。根據上文“Sir?Areyouhungry?”可知，女士擔心流浪漢餓了，認為他應該吃(eat)點東西。故選C項。【3題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：男人看了看那個女士，從她的外表來看，她顯然有富有的背景。A.wealthy富有的；B.political政治的；C.trustworthy值得信賴的;D.famous著名的。根據下文“Pleasepayavisittothepersonneldirectorofmycompany.Wecanpayyouthe9inadvance."可知，女士擁有一家公司，推知她有富有的(wealthy)背景。故選A項。【4題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：這名女子最終設法把這名男子領進自助餐廳，并給他點了些吃的。A.force強迫；B.show顯示；C.lead帶領，引導；D.drag拖拉。根據上文“She1askedtheman,“Sir?Areyouhungry?”Shetriedtopickhimup.“Youneedto2something",thewomansaid.”可知，女士問這個乞丐是否餓了，并試圖把他拉起來，想讓他吃點東西，從這些細節看，女士對乞丐充滿了同情，此處指她設法帶領(lead)這名男子領進自助餐廳。故選C項。【5題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：當男人在吃飯時，女士盯著男人問道：“杰克，你認出我了嗎？"A.recognize認出；B.follow遵循；C.forgive原諒；D.understand理解。根據下文“Thenhisfacesuddenlylitup.“NowIrememberyou/9nJ知，后來男人記起來了這個女士，因此，此處指的是女士問他是否認出(recognize)自己。故選A項。【6題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：然后你給了我最大的烤牛肉三明治，一杯咖啡和一張桌子讓我坐。A.sold銷售；B.dropped下降；C.offered給,提供；D.promised承諾。根據下文“Isawyouputthe7ofmyfoodinthecashregister”,thewomansaid.”可知，當時男人把女士食物的價錢裝進了收銀機，由此推知，他給了(offered)女孩一個最大的烤牛肉三明治，替女孩買單了。故選C項。【7題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意:我看到你把我食物的價錢放進了收銀機。A.order訂單；B.menu菜單；Cprice錢，價錢；D.package包。根據上文“Thenyou6methebiggestroastbeefsandwich…”可知，男人給了女孩一個最大的烤牛肉三明治，替女孩買單了，他把錢(price)放進了收銀機。故選C項。【8題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：她打開錢包，拿出一張名片。A.ticket機票；B.card(尤指顯示個人信息的)卡片，名片；C.letter信；D.invitation邀請。根據下文“Pleasepayavisittothepersonneldirectorofmycompany.”可知，女士讓男人去拜訪她公司的主管，由此推知，她拿出名片(card)給男人。故選B項。【9題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我們可以提前付給你工資。'interest利益；B.bill賬單；C.debt債務；D.salary薪水。根據本文第一句“Asawomanwalkeddownthestreetsoneday,shenoticedabeggar.”可知，男人是一個乞丐，可見他很窮，需要錢，因此女士想提前支付他工資(salary),以解決他的窮困。故選D項。【10題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：“我怎樣才能報答你的好意呢？'‘杰克問。A.comfort舒適；B.kindness善良，好意；C.sacrifice犧牲；D.contribution貢獻。通讀全文，結合語境，女士不僅僅帶乞丐吃東西，而且還讓他到公司工作，提前支付工資，這名乞丐非常感激，因此問她怎樣才能報答她的好意(kindness)。故選B項。第二節(共10小題；每小題L5分，共15分)閱讀下列短文，根據短文內容填空。在未給提示詞的空白處僅填寫1個恰當的單詞，在給出提示詞的空白處用括號內所給詞的正確形式填空。請在答題卡指定區域作答：A閱讀下列短文，根據短文內容填空。在未給提示詞的空白處僅填寫1個恰當的單詞，在給出提示詞的空白處用括號內所給詞的正確形式填空。ZhaoLiisavillagerlivinginShandongprovince,who11(save)16peoplefromdrowningoverthedecades.12August2020,heestablishedarescuecenterconsistingofstrong-swimmingvolunteers.Theypurchasedspeedboatsandlifevestswiththeirownmoney13(help)thegovernment'semergencyrescuemissionsandpopularizerescuemethods.Hewantedtoraisepublicawarenessofdrowningpreventionandwatersafety.ZhaoLiwasamong10winnersofthenationalethicalmodelawards14(give)lastNovemberfbrthosewho"actbravelyfbrajustcause”.【11?14題答案】【答案】11.hassaved12.Intohelpgiven【解析】【導語】這是一篇記敘文。本文介紹了獲得全國道德模范見義勇為獎的趙利的事跡。【11題詳解】考查時態。句意:趙利是山東省的一名村民，幾十年來，他救了16名落水者。根據overthedecades及主句時態可知，從句用現在完成時，who指代的ZhaoLi為第三人稱單數。故填hassaved。【12題詳解】考查介詞。句意：2020年8月，他建立了一個由強壯的游泳志愿者組成的救援中心。具體月份前加介詞in表示“在幾月”，位于句首，首字母大寫。故填In。【13題詳解】考查非謂語動詞。句意：他們用自己的錢購買了快艇和救生衣，以幫助政府執行緊急救援任務并宣傳救援方法。分析句子結構可知，本句的謂語動詞是purchased,設空處需填入非謂語動詞作目的狀語，因而用不定式形式。故填tohelpo【14題詳解】考查非謂語動詞。句意：趙利是去年11月頒發的全國道德模范見義勇為獎的10名獲獎者之一。分析句子結構可知，設空處作名詞短語thenationalethicalmodelawards的后置定語，動詞give與thenationalethicalmodelawards之間是動賓關系，因而需用過去分詞形式。故填given。閱讀下列短文，根據短文內容填空。在未給提示詞的空白處僅填寫1個恰當的單詞，在給出提示詞的空白處用括號內所給詞的正確形式填空。TianwenI,theunmannedprobefbrChina'sfirstindependentMarsmission,15(land)ontheRedPlanetonMay2021,markinganimportantstepinChina'sexplorationoftheouterspace.ChinahasbecomethesecondcountrytolandonMars.Thelanding16(see)nowbytheworldasanothermilestoneinthedevelopmentofChina'saerospace(航空航天)industry.AndChina'sspacestationcoremoduleTianheenteredpre-setorbitinApri1.17markedasolidstepinbuildingthecountry'sfirstspacestation.【15?17題答案】【答案】15.landed16.isseen17.which【解析】【導語】這是一篇新聞報道。文章主要講述了2021年5月，我國首個獨立火星探測任務的無人探測器“天問一號”在紅色星球著陸，今年4月，中國空間站核心艙“天河號”進入預定軌道，這些航天成就都標志著中國航天事業的蓬勃發展。【15題詳解】考查時態。句意：2021年5月，我國首個獨立火星探測任務的無人探測器“天問一號”在紅色星球著陸，標志著我國探索外層空間邁出了重要一步。分析可知，所填動詞為句子的謂語動詞，結合時間狀語“onMay2021”可知，應是一般過去時。故填landed。【16題詳解】考查時態和被動。句意：這次著陸被世界視為中國航天工業發展的又一個里程碑。分析可知，所填動詞為句子的謂語動詞，動詞“see”在句中意為“看作為、與主語“Thelanding”之間為被動關系，結合時間狀語“now”可知，用一般現在時被動，且主語為第三人稱單數，應是“isdone”。故填isseen。【17題詳解】考查非限制性定語從句引導詞。句意：今年4月，中國空間站核心艙“天河號”進入預定軌道，標志著中國在建設第一個空間站方面邁出了堅實的一步。分析可知，“3markedasolidstepinbuildingthecountry'sfirstspacestatio屋為非限制性定語從句，空處在從句中作主語，指代逗號前全部內容，用關系代詞which引導從句。故填whichoC閱讀下列短文，根據短文內容填空。在未給提示詞的空白處僅填寫1個恰當的單詞，在給出提示詞的空白處用括號內所給詞的正確形式填空。Homeworkisanimportantpartofengagingstudentsoutsideoftheclassroom.Itcarrieseducationalbenefitsforallage18(group),includingtimemanagementandorganization.Homeworkalsoprovidesstudentswiththeabilitytothinkbeyondwhatistaughtinclass.Thenot-so-goodnewsisthatthesebenefitsonlyoccur19studentsareengagedandreadytolearn.But,the20(many)homeworktheyget,thelesstheywanttoengage.Sotoomuchhomeworkcanaffectstudents9health,sociallifeandgrades.【18?20題答案】【答案】18.groups19.when20.more【解析】【導語】本文是一篇說明文，講述了家庭作業的好處。【18題詳解】考查名詞的數。句意：它對各個年齡階段的人都有好處。根據句子分析可知，此處group為可數名詞，空前有all修飾，故應填復數，故填groups。【19題詳解】考查連詞。句意：不好的消息是，只有當學生做作業并且準備好學習時、這些好處才會發生。根據句意可知，此處表示“當……時候”，引導時間狀語從句，故填when。【20題詳解】考查形容詞比較級。句意：但是，他們的家庭作業越多，他們就越不想做。根據后文的theless可知，此處為“the+比較級，the+比較級”句式，表示“越??????越…”，故填more。第二部分閱讀理解（共兩節，38分）第一節（共14小題；每小題2分，共28分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中，選出最佳選項。并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。ACareerplanningisimportant.Getstartedtoday.ConnectyourpersonalinterestsandacademicaspirationstoplanawonderfulcareeratUniversityofNewBrunswick（UNB）.CareerConnectionswillhelpyoufigureoutwhoyouare一yourstrengthsandinterests一asyoufindwhichfieldofstudyandcareersarcrightforyou.CareerConnectionsalsohelpsconnectyoutotheexperts,workshopsandinformationyouneed.Toguideyouthroughyouracademicandcareerexploration,CareerConnectionsincludesinformationforfuture,current,andgraduatingstudents.Inthissite,youwillfind:ProgramBlueprintsforeachofourprograms,careerresourcesincludingworkshopsandexpertadvice,informationaboutexperientiallearningopportunities,careermyths,newstrendsandcareer-relatedresearch.On-campusCareerSupportWehavetheexpertstohelpyouinyouracademicandcareerdevelopment.CareerDevelopment&EmploymentCentreConsultwithyourcareerandemploymentadvisors,dependingonyourneeds;completeworkshopsfortheCareerDevelopmentCertificate;learnabouttheWork-studyProgram;gotocareerfairsandmuchmore.CareerCounsellingStudentsaresupportedbytwocareercounsellorswhowillhelpyouexploreacademicandcareeroptionsthroughtheCareerPlanningProcess.Theywillhelpyoudevelopaplanforgainingtheskillsandknowledgeneededtopursueyourpassions.AcademicAdvisingAcademicadvisingisanimportantaspectofcareerexploration.Itisthroughyouracademicadvisor（s）thatyouwillexploreprogramoptions,discussinghowthesefityourcareergoals,andhowtomapyouracademicfutureindevelopingtheknowledgeandskillsneededtobeanemployment-ready,life-longlearner.ExperientialEducationTherearemanyexperiential（體驗的）learningopportunitiesatUNB.Severalprogramsincludeworkplacementsaspartofyourdegreerequirements.AdditionalexperientialopportunitiesincludetheWork-studyProgramandTheSummerInstitute.aswellasfindingandsecuringemploymentduringyourstudiesorthesummer.21.IfyouwanttogetaCareerDevelopmentCertificate,you'dbettergoto.CareerCounsellingC.On-campusCareerSupportExperientialEducationcanhelpyou.CareerCounsellingC.On-campusCareerSupportExperientialEducationcanhelpyou.getchancesforexperientiallearningstudyonarticlesduringsummervacationobtainhighprofessionalgradesanddegreesworkoutthevalueofprogramsandinstitutesWherecanyoumostprobablyreadthispassage?AcademicAdvisingD.CareerDevelopment&EmploymentCentreA.Inabrochure.A.Inabrochure.B.Onawebsite.C.Inamagazine.D.Inanewsreport.A.Inabrochure.B.Onawebsite.C.Inamagazine.D.Inanewsreport.【21?23題答案】【答案】21.D22.A23.B【解析】【導語】這是一篇應用文。文章介紹了UniversityofNewBrunswick(UNB)的學生職業規劃項目和資源。【21題詳解】細節理解題。根據CareerDevelopment&EmploymentCentre部分中的“Consultwithyourcareerandemploymentadvisors,dependingonyourneeds;completeworkshopsfortheCareerDevelopmentCertificate根據你的需要，咨詢你的職業和就業顧問；完成針對職業發展證書的研討會)“可知，如果你想獲得職業發展證書，你可以去CareerDevelopment&EmploymentCentre,完成職業發展證書所需要的研討會。故選D。【22題詳解】細節理解題。根據ExperientialEducation部分中的“Therearemanyexperiential（體驗的）learningopportunitiesatUNB.Severalprogramsincludeworkplacementsaspartofyourdegreerequirements.AdditionalexperientialopportunitiesincludetheWork-studyProgramandTheSummerInstitute,aswellasfindingandsecuringemploymentduringyourstudiesorthesummer.（在UNB有許多體驗式學習機會。一些課程將工作實習作為學位要求的一部分。額外的體驗機會包括WorkstudyProgram和TheSummerInstitute,以及在學習或暑期期間找到并確保就業）“可知，ExperientialEducation可以幫助你獲得很多體驗式學習機會，這些機會包括Work-studyProgram、TheSummerInstitute和就業等機會。故選A。【23題詳解】推理判斷題。根據第三段中的力nthissite,youwillfind:（在這個網站上，你可以發現）”可推知，這篇文章出自一個網站。故選BoAValuableLessonforLifeBorninNanchangcity,Jiangxi,in1961,WuAijiawantedtobecomeateachersincechildhood.SheappliedtoworkasateacherattheprimaryschoolinNiyangvillageaftergraduation.WhenWu,then19,wenttothevillageinYichuncity,Jiangxiprovince,toworkasavillageteacherin1980,villagersweredoubtfulifshewasgoingtostaylong.Afterall,anumberofvoluntaryteachershadarrivedbefore,butallhadleftsoonafter.Locatedinthemountains,thevillagewasverypoorandfarfromanytown.Villagershadtohikeinthemountainssincetherewasnoroad.Wuwasshockedbythepoorconditionsthere.Shehadknowntheconditionswerepoor,buttherealitywasworse.Theblackboard,doorandwindowswereinastateofdisrepair,somechairshadlegsmissing,anddeskswerepiecedtogetheratdifferentheights.Moreover,localpeopleneededtogodownhilltobuydailygoods,andtransportthembackintheirhandsorbalancedthemacrosstheirshoulders.WuAijiahadneverwalkeduphillonamountainroadbefore,soshewalkedmuchmoreslowlythanothers,sometimesthewildboarsandrabbitsmadeherfrightened.Butshegraduallygotusedtoherlifethere.Atthebeginning,shefoundmanylocalpeoplevaluedtheirsonsfarmorethantheirdaughters,andwouldnotliketoletthemattendschool.Wuwenttotheirhomesrepeatedlyandgraduallypersuadedthemtosendalltheirchildrentoschool.Forthosewhocouldnotaffordthetuition,shespentherownmoneytohelp.Sheknowsthateducationisanessentialpartofhereffortstohelpstudentsescapepoverty.In2012,Wuwasassignedtoworkinanotherschoolinthetown,butsherefusedandappliedtogototheBaiyangvillageschool,whichissituatedevenmoreremotelyinthemountainswheresheremains.Overtheyears,morethan1,000studentsofhershaveleftthereandcreatedabetterlife.“Seeingthemachieveprogress,I'msohappythatIfeelricherthananymillionaire,saidWu.VillagersdoubtedthatWuAijiawould.befrightenedbythewildanimalshateclimbingthemountainsthereleavebecauseofthepoorconditionslackexperiencesoflivinginthevillageWuAijiawenttovillagers9homesto.offerfreedailygoodsforthevillagersshowherkindnessandgenerositytothemhelpthepoorfamilytoaffordallthetuitionDofferallchildrenthechancetocreateabetterlifeHowdidWufeelaboutherteachingcareer?A.Regretful.B.Surprised.C.Satisfied.D.Annoyed.WecanlearnfromthepassagethatWuAijia.helpedmanychildrenreceivebettereducationdeterminedtochangethelifestyleofthevillagersdevotedherselftohelpingvillagerstoescapepovertyimprovedvillagers,awarenessofequalitybetweenmenandwomen【24?27題答案】【答案】24.C25.D26.C27.A【解析】【導語】本文為一篇記敘文，講述了生于江西的吳愛佳去偏遠山區支教的故事，她致力于通過教育來改變農村孩子的未來，并且感到很滿足。【24題詳解】細節理解題。根據文章第二段“villagersweredoubtfulifshewasgoingtostaylong.Afterall,anumberofvoluntaryteachershadarrivedbefore,butallhadleftsoonafter.（村民懷疑她是否會待很長時間。畢竟,很多志愿者老師曾經來過這里，但是都是很快就離開了。）”以及第三段首句“Locatedinthemountains,thevillagewasverypoorandfarfromanytown.（這個村莊位于大山里，十分窮并且離鎮上很遠。）”可知，村民們懷疑吳愛佳會離開因為當地貧窮的生活條件，而之前的老師都離開了，故選C。【25題詳解】推理判斷題。根據文章第五段“Atthebeginning,shefoundmanylocalpeoplevaluedtheirsonsfarmorethantheirdaughters,andwouldnotliketoletthemattendschool.Wuwenttotheirhomesrepeatedlyandgraduallypersuadedthemtosendalltheirchildrentoschool.（起初，她發現很多當地的人重男輕女，不讓女兒去讀書。吳一次又一次地去他們家，漸漸地說服了他們將所有孩子送到學校讀書。）”和"Sheknowsthateducationisanessentialpartofhereffortstohelpstudentsescapepoverty.（她知道，教育是她努力幫助學生擺脫貧困的一個重要組成部分。）”可知，吳愛佳去村民的家是為了讓所有孩子都能讀書，從而通過讀書來創造更好的生活，故選D。【26題詳解】推理判斷題。根據文章最后一段“"Seeingthemachieveprogress,TmsohappythatIfeelricherthananymillionaire/saidWu.（吳說：“看到他們都進步了，我是如此高興，感覺自己比百萬富翁都富有。“）”可知，吳對于她的教學生涯感到很滿意，故選C。【27題詳解】推理判斷題。眾觀全文，本文主要講述了吳愛佳到偏遠山區去支教，讓當地的孩子受到了更好的教育，讓這些孩子有了更好的未來的故事，故可知，吳愛佳幫助很多的孩子受到了更好的教育，故選A。CManyanimalsdependuponsoundtofindfood,detectpredatorsandcommunicatewithoneanother.Thesespeciesunderstandablysufferwhenloudmotorwayscutthroughtheirhabitats.Somedealwiththisproblembysingingmoreloudly,somechangethetimingoftheircallstooccurwhenfewerpeoplearedriving,othersjustmovetoquieterplaces.Ithasalwaysbeenassumedthatnoiseisaproblemuniquetoanimals.ButanewstudybyAliAkbarGhotbi-Ravandi,abotanistatShahidBeheshtiUniversityinTehran,hasrevealedthatplantssuffertoo.Thatplantscanbeaffectedindirectlybynoisepollutionhasneverbeenindoubt.Sincemostfloweringspeciesdependuponpollinatorsandmostfruit-bearingspeciesneedanimalstodispersetheirseeds,itisobviousthatiftheseanimalpartnersareharmedbynoisethentheirbotanicalplantswilldobadly,too.Whathasremainedunknowniswhetherornotplantsthemselvessufferdirectlyfromnoisepollution.Soundsarepressurewavestransmittedthroughgases,liquidsandsolids.Scientistshavepreviouslypredictedthatplantsmaybeabletosensethesewavesastheyarestruckbythem.Anumberofexperimentshaveconfirmedthisinrecentyears一plantsattackedwithultrasoundinthelabhaveshownarangeofhurtfulresponses,includingtheexpressionofstress-relatedgenes,underdevelopedgrowthandreducedgermination（發芽）ofseeds.Workingwithateamofcolleagues,DrGhotbi-Ravandigrewtwospeciesinhislabthatarecommonlyfoundinurbanenvironments.Theplantsweregrownfromseedsandallowedtomaturefortwomonthsinthesamespacebeforetheyweredividedintotwogroups.Onegroupwasexposedto73decibels（分貝）oftrafficnoiserecordedfromabusymotorwayinTehranfor16hoursaday.Theothergroupwaslefttogrowinsilence.After15days,samplesweretakenfromtheyoungestfullyexpandedleavesoneveryplantintheexperimentandstudied.Noneoftheplantsexposedtothetrafficnoisedidwell.Analysisoftheirleavesrevealedthatallofthemweresuffering.Harmfulchemicalsinthemareindicatorsofstressinplantsandbothwerefoundatmuchhigherlevelsintheplantsexposedtothetrafficnoise.Mostnotably,levelsoftheharmfulchemicalsintheplantsexposedtonoiseweretwotothreetimeswhattheywereinthosegrowninsilence.Thefindingsmakeitclearthatthenoiseoftrafficbotherstheplants.What'sthefunctionofthefirsttwoparagraphs?Toleadinthetopicofthepassage.Toprovethatonlyanimalssufferfromnoise.Tointroducehowanimalsavoidtheurbantrafficnoise.Tocomparethedifferenteffectsofnoiseonanimalsandplants.Whichofthefollowingwordsisclosestinmeaningtotheword"disperse“inParagraph3?A.Classify.B.Spread.C.Damage.D.CollectWhatcanwelearnfromDrGhotbi-Ravandi'sexperiment?AUrbantrafficnoisemainlyposesathreattoanimals.Plantsthemselvessufferindirectlyfromnoisepollution.Plantsexposedtothetrafficnoisebearhigherlevelsofstress.DPlantsthatdon'tneedanimalsforgrowthwillnotbeinfluencedbynoise.【28?30題答案】【答案】28.A29.B30.C【解析】【導語】本文是說明文。動物遭受噪音影響是不容懷疑的，植物是否也遭受噪音影響呢？文章通過一個實驗闡述噪音也影響著植物。【28題詳解】推理判斷題。根據第——段內容“Manyanimalsdependuponsoundtofindfood,detectpredatorsandcommunicatewithoneanother.Thesespeciesunderstandablysufferwhenloudmotorwayscutthroughtheirhabitats.（許多動物依靠聲音來尋找食物、探測捕食者以及相互交流。當嘈雜的高速公路穿過它們的棲息地時，這些物種遭受痛苦是可以理解的。戶可知，第一段講述動物通過聲音尋食，捕獵，交流，并會因為噪音而受苦，第二段第一句"Ithasalwaysbeenassumedthatnoiseisaproblemuniquetoanimals.（人們一直認為，噪音是動物所特有的問題。）緊跟上文說明人們一直認為只有動物才有噪音困擾，接下來講述“ButanewstudybyAliAkbarGhotbi-Ravandi,abotanistatShahidBeheshtiUniversityinTehran,hasrevealedthatplantssuffertoo.（但是，德黑蘭沙希德?貝赫什蒂大學的植物學家阿里?阿克巴爾?格爾比-拉萬迪的一項新研究表明，植物也會受到影響。）”，下面的段落展開講述這個話題，因此推斷前兩段的目的是引出文章的主題。故選A。【29題詳解】詞句猜測題。根據戈ij線句"Sincemostfloweringspeciesdependuponpollinatorsandmostfruit-bearingspeciesneedanimalstodispersetheirseeds（因為大多數開花物種依賴于傳粉者，大多數結果實的物種需要動物disperse它們的種子）”并結合選項A.Classify把分類；B.Spread傳播；C.Damage毀壞；D.Collect收集，以及常識可知,開花物種需要傳粉，結果的物種需要傳播種子，劃線詞與B項意思相近。故選B。【30題詳解】細節理解題。根據最后一段的“Mostnotably,levelsoftheharmfulchemicalsintheplantsexposedtonoiseweretwotothreetimeswhattheywereinthosegrowninsilence.Thefindingsmakeitclearthatthenoiseoftrafficbotherstheplants.（最值得注意的是，暴露在噪音中的植物中的有害化學物質的含量是那些在寂靜中生長的植物的兩到三倍。調查結果清楚地表明，交通的噪音困擾著植物）”可知，Ghotbi-Ravandi博士的實驗表明，暴露在交通噪音中的植物承受著更高水平的壓力。故選C。DThereshouldbenodoubtinanyone'smindthattheinfluenceofmediaisgrowingstrongerandstrongerastimepasses.Ifyouhavenoticed,thespeedatwhichnewstravelsaroundtheworldhasbecomefasterwiththedevelopmentandadvancementintechnologyMediaareactuallyinfluencingpeopleindifferentways.Whetheryouadmititornot,watchingmoviesandprogramsonthetelevisionorourlaptop,ipadandothermobiledevicesaswerelaxtakesusawayintothisdifferentkingdom-thatis,therearepartsinourbeingthatfeelswearetheonesinthemovieandsometimesweevenfeelwhattheyarefeelingaswegetcaughtintheemotionalexcitement.Theeffectofmediadoesnotstopwhenthemovieorprogramends.Andthiseffectmightjustbethecauseofbehavioralchangesinpeople.Withactionfilms,childrentendtofollowthemoviehero,engagingthemtoviolentactsthinkingthatitisacceptablebecausehisherobecamesuccessfulintheend.Therearecartoonprogramsthatshowactsofviolenceanddishonestactsagainstothers.Inreturn,childrentendtocopythecharactersandthinkthatcheatingotherpeopleisawaytodealwiththeirproblems.Theylearntotransfertheseillbehaviorstofriends.Therearesometelevisionshowsandmoviesthatattempttocreateanatmospheretochangetheviewofpeopletowardssocialissuessuchasracialdiscrimination.Inthemindsofotherpeople,theeffectcanbeforthebetter,butsomeunfortunatelyfortheworse.Therehadbeeninstancesinthepastthatyoungpeopledrunkdrivingimitatingtheirfavoriteactress.Therewasalsoacasewheresomebodysetasubwayticketboothonfirebecausehesawitinhisfavoritefilm.Thesearejustafewexamplesofthedisturbinginfluenceofmediaonpeople'sbehavior.Anexplanationtothesebadactsisthatthesepeoplecouldnotdistinguishfantasyfromreality.Theygetcaughtupinthekingdomofwhattheyhadbeenwatchingandtheimagesandscenesbecomedeeplyrootedintheirminds.Sothemediaislargelyresponsibleforgivingpeoplefalseideasandunhealthypictures,whichleadtomisbehavioragainstotherpeople,andcancreateadangerouscycleamongindividualsastheyattempttodothesameorevenworsethingstoothers.Thesadrealityis,nooneistuningofftheirtelevisionsordisconnectingfromtheseinfluences.Theonlywayprogrammingofthissortwillchangeiswhenpeoplenolongerbuyintoit,demandit,andwatchit.WhatdoestheauthorwanttotellusinParagraph2?Whatitisthatchangesouremotion.Howmediaaffectpeople'sbehavior.Whyweareattractedbymoviesandprograms.Whetherpeoplefeelbeingtakenawayfromthereality.Accordingtotheauthor,somepeopleactbadlybecause.theyarejusttheviolentpeopletheyhopetosolvesocialproblemstheyactuallycan'ttellfantasyfromrealitytheywanttochangepeople'sattitudestowardsmedia33.What'stheauthor'sattitudetowardsmedia?A.Sympathetic.B.Critical.C.Supportive.D.Cautious.Theauthorsupportshisideasmainlyby.makingcontrastsandgivingexampleslistingfactsandgivingresearchresultsraisingproblemsandprovidingsolutionsshowingfactsandpresentingexplanations【31?34題答案】【答案】31.B32.C33.B34.D【解析】【導語】本文是一篇議論文，講述了隨著科技的發展，媒體正在各個方面影響著人們。文中列舉了好多人們因為媒體而產生的一些不利于社會的行為，并給出了解釋，因為媒體影響，人們無法區分幻想與現實，唯一的解決方式就是人們不再看電視，不再接觸媒體。【31題詳解】主旨大意題。根據文章第二段"Theeffectofmediadoesnotstopwhenthemovieorprogramends.Andthiseffectmightjustbethecauseofbehavioralchangesinpeople.（當電影或者節目結束時，媒體的效應也沒有停止。并且這種效應也就是人們行為發生變化的原因。）”可知，本句放在段末，總結上文媒體對人類的影響的解釋，故本段主要講人們看電視時所產生的媒體效應，這種效應也改變了人們的行為，故B項“媒體是如何影響人們行為”符合本段大意，故選B。【32題詳解】細節理解題。根據文章第6段"Anexplanationtothesebadactsisthatthesepeoplecouldnotdistinguishfantasyfromreality.（產生這些不良行為的解釋之一就是，這些人無法區分幻想與現實。）“可知，一些人行為惡劣，是因為他們無法區分幻想與現實，故選C。【33題詳解】推理判斷題。根據文章最后一段“Sothemediaislargelyresponsiblefbrgivingpeoplefalseideasandunhealthypictures,whichleadtomisbehavioragainstotherpeople,andcancreateadangerouscycleamongindividualsastheyattempttodothesameorevenworsethingstoothers.Thesadrealityis,nooneistuningofftheirtelevisionsordisconnectingfromtheseinfluences.（因此，媒體在很大程度上要為給人們錯誤的想法和不健康的圖片負責，這導致了對他人的不當行為，并可能在個人之間創造一個危險的循環，因為他們試圖對別人做同樣的事情，甚至更糟糕的事情。可悲的現實是，沒有人關掉電視或脫離這些影響。）”可知，作者認為媒體帶來了人們不正當的行為，創造了危險的社會環境，故他對媒體的態度是批評的，故選B。ZhaoLiisavillagerlivinginShandongprovince,who11(save)16peoplefromdrowningoverthedecades.12August2020,heestablishedarescuecenterconsistingofstrong-swimmingvolunteers.Theypurchasedspeedboatsandlifevestswiththeirownmoney13(help)thegovernment'semergencyrescuemissionsandpopularizerescuemethods.Hewantedtoraisepublicawarenessofdrowningpreventionandwatersafety.ZhaoLiwasamong10winnersofthenationalethicalmodelawards14(give)lastNovemberfbrthosewho"actbravelyforajustcause”.B閱讀下列短文，根據短文內容填空。在未給提示詞的空白處僅填寫1個恰當的單詞，在給出提示詞的空白處用括號內所給詞的正確形式填空。TianwenI,theunmannedprobefbrChina'sfirstindependentMarsmission,15(land)ontheRedPlanetonMay2021,markinganimportantstepinChina'sexplorationoftheouterspace.ChinahasbecomethesecondcountrytolandonMars.Thelanding16(see)nowbytheworldasanothermilestoneinthedevelopmentofChina'saerospace(航空航天)industry.AndChina'sspacestationcoremoduleTianheenteredpre-setorbitinApri1,17markedasolidstepinbuildingthecountry'sfirstspacestation.C閱讀下列短文，根據短文內容填空。在未給提示詞空白處僅填寫1個恰當的單詞，在給出提示詞的空白處用括號內所給詞的正確形式填空。Homeworkisanimportantpartofengagingstudentsoutsideoftheclassroom.Itcarrieseducationalbenefitsforallage18(group),includingtimemanagementandorganization.Homeworkalsoprovidesstudentswiththeabilitytothinkbeyondwhatistaughtinclass.Thenot-so-goodnewsisthatthesebenefitsonlyoccur19studentsareengagedandreadytolearn.But,the20(many)homeworktheyget,thelesstheywanttoengage.Sotoomuchhomeworkcanaffectstudents'health,sociallifeandgrades.第二部分閱讀理解(共兩節，38分)第一節(共14小題；每小題2分，共28分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中，選出最佳選項。并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。ACareerplanningisimportant.Getstartedtoday.ConnectyourpersonalinterestsandacademicaspirationstoplanawonderfulcareeratUniversityofNewBrunswick(UNB).CareerConnectionswillhelpyoufigureoutwhoyouare—yourstrengthsandinterests—asyoufindwhichfieldofstudyandcareersarcrightforyou.CareerConnectionsalsohelpsconnectyoutotheexperts,workshopsandinformationyouneed.Toguideyouthroughyouracademicandcareerexploration,CareerConnectionsincludesinformationforfuture,current,andgraduatingstudents.Inthissite,youwillfind:ProgramBlueprintsforeachofourprograms,careerresourcesincludingworkshopsandexpertadvice,informationaboutexperientiallearningopportunities,careermyths,newstrendsandcareer-relatedresearch.On-campusCareerSupportWehavetheexpertstohelpyouinyouracademicandcareerdevelopment.CareerDevelopment&EmploymentCentre【34題詳解】推理判斷題。根據文章第3、段列舉了“Withactionfilms,childrentendtofollowthemoviehero,engagingthemtoviolentactsthinkingthatitisacceptablebecausehisherobecamesuccessfulintheend.（在動作片中，孩子們傾向于追隨電影中的英雄，結果他們參與暴力行為，認為這是可以接受的，因為他的英雄最終成功了。廠一些孩子們模仿電視里面的暴力行為并改變了對于社會問題的態度，和第5段“Therehadbeeninstancesinthepastthatyoungpeopledrunkdrivingimitatingtheirfavoriteactress.（曾經有一些例子，年輕人模仿他們最喜歡的演員酒