目錄摘要 5Absract. 7一．設計目標 9二．設計方案 9三．實驗所需器材 9四．設計內容 94.1STM32模塊 94.2AM2302介紹 11產品概述 11應用范圍 12產品亮點 12單總線接口定義 12傳感器性能 13單總線通信 14Nokia5110介紹 15SPI接口時序寫數/命令 15顯示漢字 164.3.4顯示圖形 16原理圖設計 16PCB板設計 17五．實驗軟件設計 18溫濕度傳感器DHT22的程序 18濕度顯示函數 21主函數程序 23顯屏程序 23六．作品實物展示 32七．設計總結 33. .基于STM32的溫濕度檢測摘要隨著現代社會的高速發(fā)展.越來越多的科學技術被應用于農業(yè)生產領域。在證農業(yè)高效生產的重要前提。本次課程設計中實現了一個基于個方向的分析比較之后.選擇了STM32F103VE微控制器作為主控芯片和Nokia5110具有一定的市場推廣價值。【關鍵詞】：嵌入式技術.電路設計.STM32.AM2302溫濕度采集.Nokia5110顯示屏.程序設計. .AbsractInthedesignofthecurriculumimplementsasmarttemperatureandhumiditydetectionsystembasedonSTM32F103VET6,thepurposeistorealizetheacquisitionanddisplayofthetemperatureandhumidity,temperatureandhumidityoftheacquisitionasamustmasterinautomationsciencedetectiontechnology,isalsoapracticaltechnology.Thisexperimentmainlymadethefollowingseveralaspectswork:firstofall,basedonthereal-time,accuracy,economyandexpansibilityetc.Afteranalysisandcomparisonoffourdirections,STM32F103VEmicro-controllerasthemastercontrolchipandAM2303temperatureandhumiditysensorstoachievetemperatureandhumiditydataacquisition;OntheNokia5110screendisplaythetemperatureandhumidity,andthenintroducesindetailtheworkingprincipleofeachmoduleandthehardwarecircuitdesign,realizedthereal-timeaccuratemeasurementoftemperatureanddata;Elaboratedthesystemaftereachpartofthesoftwaredesignidea;Finally,thesysteminthepracticalapplicationofdealingwiththedatacollected,analyzedthereasonsoftheerror,andthroughthepiecewiselinearinterpolationalgorithmforsystemofnonlinearerrorcalibration,comparedwithnotcalibrationdata,aftercalibrationdatawithhigheraccuracyandbetterstability.Keywords:embeddedtechnology,circuitdesign,STM32,collectingAM2302temperatureandhumidity,Nokia5110display,theprogramdesign. .一．設計目標本次設計要求實現對周圍環(huán)境溫濕度的感知以及顯示。要求學生對STM32有一定程度的理解.熟悉STM32串口以及中斷的使用.會基本的C語言和java,熟練掌握keilforARM軟件的使用與程序下載以及手機軟件開發(fā)環(huán)境。二．設計方案PCBPCBPCB開發(fā)板等相關元件設備進行集成。PCBSTM32調試。在完成電路調試后.用jlink件的驅動。實驗完成后做好相應的實驗總結。三．實驗所需器材1.STM32F核心板 2.溫濕度傳感器（DHT22） 3.電容4.3MM紅光LED發(fā)光二極管 5.穩(wěn)壓集成塊（L7805）6.整流橋 7.電解電容 8.保險座10.電阻 11.變壓器 12.電位器13.排座 14.5110液晶屏模塊四．設計內容4.1STM32模塊

散熱器芯片的選擇：STM32VET6芯片的介紹:內核：ARM 32位的Cortex -M3 CPU最高72MHz工作頻率.在存儲器的0等待周期訪問時可達1.25DMips/MHz(Dhrystone 2.1). .? 單周期乘法和硬件除法存儲器64K128K20KSRAM時鐘、復位和電源管理2.0～3.6I/O上電/斷電復位(POR/PDR)、可編程電壓監(jiān)測器(PVD)4～16MHz8MHzRC40kHzRCCPUPLL帶校準功能的32kHz RTC振蕩器低功耗睡眠、停機和待機模式VBATRTC212.1μs16轉換范圍：03.6V雙采樣和保持功能溫度傳感器DMA：7DMA支持的外設：定時器、ADC、SPI、I2CUSART. .圖4.1STM32VET6芯片引腳圖圖4.2圖4.2 STM32芯片實物AM2302產品概述AM2302濕敏電容數字溫濕度模塊是一款含有己校準數字信號輸出的溫濕度復合傳感器。它應用專用的數字模塊采集技術和溫濕度傳感技術 .確產品具有極高的可靠性與卓越的長期穩(wěn)定性。傳感器包括一個電容式感濕元件和一個高精度測溫元件.并與一個高性能8品具有品質卓越、超快響應、抗干擾能力強、性價比極高等優(yōu)點。每個傳感器都在極為精確的濕度校驗室中進行校準。校準系數以程序的形式儲存. .準單總線接口.使系統(tǒng)集成變得簡易快捷。超小的體積、極低的功耗 .信傳輸距離可達 20米以上.使其成為各類應用甚至最為苛刻的應用場合的最佳選擇。產品為 3引線（單總線接口）連接方便。特殊封裝形式可根據戶需求而提供。圖4.3 實物圖 外形尺寸（單位：mm）應用范圍暖通空調、除濕器、測試及檢測設備、消費品、汽車、自動控制、數據記錄器、家電、濕度調節(jié)器、醫(yī)療、氣象站、及其他相關濕度檢測控制等。產品亮點超低能耗、傳輸距離遠、全部自動化校準、采用電容式濕敏元件、完全互換、標準數字單總線輸出、卓越的長期穩(wěn)定性、采用高精度測溫元件。單總線接口定義引腳名稱描述①VDD電源(3.5V-5.5V)②SDA串行數據.雙向口③NC空腳④GND地表4.1 AM2302引腳分配表圖4.4 AM2302引腳分配圖AM2302的供電電壓范圍為 3.5V-5.5V,建議供電電壓為5V。數據線SDA引腳為. .三態(tài)結構.用于讀寫傳感器數據。參數分辨率[1]精度

條件25℃

m typ i 0.1 x16±2

單位%RHbit%RH重復性互換性響應時遲滯

1/e(63%)典型值

± %RH0.3完全互換<5 S<0. %RH3<0. %RH/yr5表4.2 AM2302相對濕度性能表參數精度量程范圍精度量程范圍-4±0.5 ±180℃℃重復性0±0.2℃互換性完全互換響應時間1/e(63<1 S漂移%)0 ℃/yr0.

條件 min

typ max 單位0.1 ℃16 bit表4.3 AM2302相對溫度性能表圖4.5 25℃時AM2302的相對濕度最大誤差 溫度傳感器的溫最大誤差. .單總線通信①AM2302器件采用簡化的單總線通信。單總線即只有一根數據線 .統(tǒng)中的數據交換、控制均由數據線完成。設備（微處理器）通過一個漏極開路或三態(tài)端口連至該數據線 .以允許設備在不發(fā)送數據時能夠釋放總線 而讓其它設備使用總線；單總線通常要求外接一個約 5.1kΩ的上拉電阻這樣.當總線閑置時.其狀態(tài)為高電平。由于它們是主從結構 .只有主機呼叫傳感器時.傳感器才會應答.因此主機訪問傳感器都必須嚴格遵循單總線序列.如果出現序列混亂.傳感器將不響應主機。②SDA用于微處理器與AM2302之間的通訊和同步,采用單總線數據格式一次傳送40位數據.高位先出。具體通信時序如圖 4.5所示.通信格式說明見表4.3。圖4.5 AM2302單總線通信協(xié)議名稱起始信號名稱起始信號數據格式單總線格式定義微處理器把數據總線（SDA）拉低一段時間(至少800μ[1].傳感器把數據總線（SDA）拉低80μs.再接高80μs以響應主機的起始信號。收到主機起始信號后.傳感器一次性從數據總線（SDA）串出40位數據.高位先出濕度 濕度分辨率是 16Bit.高位在前；傳感器串出的濕度值是實際濕度值的10倍。溫度 溫度分辨率是 16Bit.高位在前；傳感器串出的溫度值是實際溫度值的10倍；溫度最高位（Bit15）等于1表示負溫度溫度最高位（Bit15）等于0表示正溫度；溫度除了最高位（Bit14~Bit0）表示溫度值。校驗位 校驗位＝濕度高位+濕度低位+溫度高位+溫度低位③用戶主機（MCU）發(fā)送一次起始信號（把數據總線 SDA拉低至少800μ后.AM2302從休眠模式轉換到高速模式。待主機開始信號結束后.AM2302發(fā)送響應信號.從數據總線SDA串行送出40Bit的數據.先發(fā)送字節(jié)的高位；發(fā)送的數. .據依次為濕度高位、濕度低位、溫度高位、溫度低位、校驗位 .發(fā)送數據結束發(fā)一次信息采集.采集結束傳感器自動轉入休眠模式 .直到下一次通信來臨。Nokia5110介紹1）84x48的點陣LCD.可以顯示4行漢字.地在內的信號線僅有9條。支持多種串行通信協(xié)議（如AVR單片機的ＳＰIMCS51的串口模式０等）.傳輸速率高達4Mbps間。塊固定到印制板上.因而非常便于安裝和更換。LCDLCD晶片上.模塊的體積很小。采用低電壓供電.工作電壓為3,3V.正常顯示時的工作電流在200μA且具有掉電模式。LPH7366的這些特點非常適合于電池供電的便攜式通信設備和測試設備中。圖4.6SPI/命令Nokia5110(PCD8544)的通信協(xié)議是一個沒有MISOMOSISPISPISPI.即可。. .顯示漢字12*1216*16“3310于水平尋址(V=0)。12*128才能完整顯示一個漢字。4.3.4顯示圖形84*48Zimo21Zimo21要的圖片。原理圖設計圖4.7 電路板設計軟件：Altium圖4.8傳感器電路. .P3顯顯示圖4.95110顯示屏電路T,T,

T婦圖4.10電源電路飛-工＿＿飛-工＿＿－r＿｀＿產三［r＿｀＿產三＝PCB

圖4.11實驗原理圖要制作封裝庫首先必須對所需封裝資料進行了解其長、寬、焊盤大小模塊資料上都會有提供.另外還包括管腳信息.管腳標號都要明確了解。. .

圖4.12DHT22#include<stm32f10x_lib.h>#include"dht22.h"http://復位DHT22voidDHT22_Rst(void){DHT22_IO_OUT();DHT22_DQ_OUT=0;//SETOUTPUT//拉低DQdelay_ms(20);//18msDHT22_DQ_OUT=1;//DQ=1delay_us(30); //20~40us}u8DHT22_Check(void){u8retry=0;DHT22_IO_IN();//SETINPUTwhile(DHT22_DQ_IN&&retry<100)//DHT22會拉低40~80us{. .retry++;delay_us(1);};if(retry>=100)return1;elseretry=0;while(!DHT22_DQ_IN&&retry<100)//DHT22拉低后會再次拉高40~80us{retry++;delay_us(1);};if(retry>=100)return1;return0;}//從DHT22讀取一個位//返回值：1/0u8DHT22_Read_Bit(void){u8retry=0;while(DHT22_DQ_IN&&retry<100)//等待變?yōu)榈碗娖絳retry++;delay_us(1);}retry=0;while(!DHT22_DQ_IN&&retry<100)//等待變高電平{retry++;delay_us(1);}. .delay_us(40);//等待40usif(DHT22_DQ_IN)return1;elsereturn0;}//從DHT22讀取一個字節(jié)//返回值：讀到的數據u8DHT22_Read_Byte(void){u8i,dat;dat=0;for(i=0;i<8;i++){dat<<=1;dat|=DHT22_Read_Bit();}returndat;}/u8DHT22_Read_Data(u8*temp,u8*humi){u8buf[5];u8i;DHT22_Rst();if(DHT22_Check()==0){for(i=0;i<5;i++)//讀取40位數據{buf[i]=DHT22_Read_Byte();}. .if((buf[0]+buf[1]+buf[2]+buf[3])==buf[4]){*humi=buf[0];*temp=buf[2];}}elsereturn1;return0;}u8DHT22_Init(void){RCC->APB2ENR|=1<<2; //使能PORTA口時GPIOA->CRH&=0XFFFF0FFF; //PA11推挽輸出GPIOA->CRH|=0X00003000;GPIOA->ODR|=1<<11; //DHT22_Rst();returnDHT22_Check();}濕度顯示函數voidHumidity_display(void){uchartable0[]={"Temp:00.00Cuchartable1[]={"Humi:00.00%u8t=0;u8temperature,tem;u8humidity,hum;intnum;if(t%10==0)//每100ms讀取一次{. .DHT22_Read_Data(&temperature,&humidity); //讀取溫濕度值//顯示溫度值table0[5]=temperature/10+0x30;table0[6]=temperature%10+0x30;tem=temperature*100;table0[8]=tem/10%10+0x30;table0[9]=tem%10+0x30;//顯示濕度值table1[5]=humidity/10+0x30;table1[6]=humidity%10+0x30;hum=humidity*100;table1[8]=hum/10%10+0x30;table1[9]=hum%10+0x30;write_1602_com(0x80);for(num=0;num<16;num++){write_1602_dat(table0[num]);delay_ms(8);}write_1602_com(0x80+0x40);for(num=0;num<16;num++){write_1602_dat(table1[num]);delay_ms(8);}}delay_ms(10);. .t++;if(t==10){t=0;}}主函數程序#include"stm32f10x.h"#include"5110LCD.h"#include"main.h"externunsignedcharchinese1;intmain(void){RCC_APB2PeriphClockCmd(RCC_APB2Periph_GPIOB,ENABLE);RCC_APB2PeriphClockCmd(RCC_APB2Periph_GPIOD,ENABLE);GPIO_Configuration_LCD();LCD_Init();LCD_Clear();while(1){LCD_WriteString_en(0,0,"wendu:");LCD_WriteString_en(0,1,"shidu:"); }顯屏程序#include"5110LCD.h"voiddelay_ms(int{inti,j;for(i=t;i>0;i--). .for(j=110;j>0;j--);}voidGPIO_Configuration_LCD(void){GPIO_InitTypeDefGPIO_InitStructure;GPIO_PinRemapConfig(GPIO_Remap_SWJ_JTAGDisable,ENABLE);GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Pin=GPIO_Pin_8|GPIO_Pin_10;GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Mode=GPIO_Mode_Out_PP;GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Speed=GPIO_Speed_50MHz;GPIO_Init(GPIOD,&GPIO_InitStructure);GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Pin=GPIO_Pin_14|GPIO_Pin_15|GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Mode=GPIO_Mode_Out_PP;GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Speed=GPIO_Speed_50MHz;GPIO_Init(GPIOB,&GPIO_InitStructure);}#defineWIDTH 6#defineHEIGHT 8#defineWIDTH_CN 13#defineHEIGHT_CN16unsignedcharlcd_display[]="0123456789";constunsignedcharfont[][6]={{0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00},//sp{0x00,0x00,0x00,0x2f,0x00,0x00},//!{0x00,0x00,0x07,0x00,0x07,0x00},//"{0x00,0x14,0x7f,0x14,0x7f,0x14},//#{0x00,0x24,0x2a,0x7f,0x2a,0x12},//${0x00,0x62,0x64,0x08,0x13,0x23},//%{0x00,0x36,0x49,0x55,0x22,0x50},//&. .{0x00,0x00,0x05,0x03,0x00,0x00},//'{0x00,0x00,0x1c,0x22,0x41,0x00},//({0x00,0x00,0x41,0x22,0x1c,0x00},//){0x00,0x14,0x08,0x3E,0x08,0x14},//*{0x00,0x08,0x08,0x3E,0x08,0x08},//+{0x00,0x00,0x00,0xA0,0x60,0x00},//,{0x00,0x08,0x08,0x08,0x08,0x08},//-{0x00,0x00,0x60,0x60,0x00,0x00},//.{0x00,0x20,0x10,0x08,0x04,0x02},///{0x00,0x3E,0x51,0x49,0x45,0x3E},//0{0x00,0x00,0x42,0x7F,0x40,0x00},//1{0x00,0x42,0x61,0x51,0x49,0x46},//2{0x00,0x21,0x41,0x45,0x4B,0x31},//3{0x00,0x18,0x14,0x12,0x7F,0x10},//4{0x00,0x27,0x45,0x45,0x45,0x39},//5{0x00,0x3C,0x4A,0x49,0x49,0x30},//6{0x00,0x01,0x71,0x09,0x05,0x03},//7{0x00,0x36,0x49,0x49,0x49,0x36},//8{0x00,0x06,0x49,0x49,0x29,0x1E},//9{0x00,0x00,0x36,0x36,0x00,0x00},//:{0x00,0x00,0x56,0x36,0x00,0x00},//;{0x00,0x08,0x14,0x22,0x41,0x00},//<{0x00,0x14,0x14,0x14,0x14,0x14},//={0x00,0x00,0x41,0x22,0x14,0x08},//>{0x00,0x02,0x01,0x51,0x09,0x06},//?{0x00,0x32,0x49,0x59,0x51,0x3E},//@{0x00,0x7C,0x12,0x11,0x12,0x7C},//A{0x00,0x7F,0x49,0x49,0x49,0x36},//B{0x00,0x3E,0x41,0x41,0x41,0x22},//C. .{0x00,0x7F,0x41,0x41,0x22,0x1C},//D{0x00,0x7F,0x49,0x49,0x49,0x41},//E{0x00,0x7F,0x09,0x09,0x09,0x01},//F{0x00,0x3E,0x41,0x49,0x49,0x7A},//G{0x00,0x7F,0x08,0x08,0x08,0x7F},//H{0x00,0x00,0x41,0x7F,0x41,0x00},//I{0x00,0x20,0x40,0x41,0x3F,0x01},//J{0x00,0x7F,0x08,0x14,0x22,0x41},//K{0x00,0x7F,0x40,0x40,0x40,0x40},//L{0x00,0x7F,0x02,0x0C,0x02,0x7F},//M{0x00,0x7F,0x04,0x08,0x10,0x7F},//N{0x00,0x3E,0x41,0x41,0x41,0x3E},//O{0x00,0x7F,0x09,0x09,0x09,0x06},//P{0x00,0x3E,0x41,0x51,0x21,0x5E},//Q{0x00,0x7F,0x09,0x19,0x29,0x46},//R{0x00,0x46,0x49,0x49,0x49,0x31},//S{0x00,0x01,0x01,0x7F,0x01,0x01},//T{0x00,0x3F,0x40,0x40,0x40,0x3F},//U{0x00,0x1F,0x20,0x40,0x20,0x1F},//V{0x00,0x3F,0x40,0x38,0x40,0x3F},//W{0x00,0x63,0x14,0x08,0x14,0x63},//X{0x00,0x07,0x08,0x70,0x08,0x07},//Y{0x00,0x61,0x51,0x49,0x45,0x43},//Z{0x00,0x00,0x7F,0x41,0x41,0x00},//[{0x00,0x55,0x2A,0x55,0x2A,0x55},//55{0x00,0x00,0x41,0x41,0x7F,0x00},//]{0x00,0x04,0x02,0x01,0x02,0x04},//^{0x00,0x40,0x40,0x40,0x40,0x40},//_{0x00,0x00,0x01,0x02,0x04,0x00},//'. .{0x00,0x20,0x54,0x54,0x54,0x78},//a{0x00,0x7F,0x48,0x44,0x44,0x38},//b{0x00,0x38,0x44,0x44,0x44,0x20},//c{0x00,0x38,0x44,0x44,0x48,0x7F},//d{0x00,0x38,0x54,0x54,0x54,0x18},//e{0x00,0x08,0x7E,0x09,0x01,0x02},//f{0x00,0x18,0xA4,0xA4,0xA4,0x7C},//g{0x00,0x7F,0x08,0x04,0x04,0x78},//h{0x00,0x00,0x44,0x7D,0x40,0x00},//i{0x00,0x40,0x80,0x84,0x7D,0x00},//j{0x00,0x7F,0x10,0x28,0x44,0x00},//k{0x00,0x00,0x41,0x7F,0x40,0x00},//l{0x00,0x7C,0x04,0x18,0x04,0x78},//m{0x00,0x7C,0x08,0x04,0x04,0x78},//n{0x00,0x38,0x44,0x44,0x44,0x38},//o{0x00,0xFC,0x24,0x24,0x24,0x18},//p{0x00,0x18,0x24,0x24,0x18,0xFC},//q{0x00,0x7C,0x08,0x04,0x04,0x08},//r{0x00,0x48,0x54,0x54,0x54,0x20},//s{0x00,0x04,0x3F,0x44,0x40,0x20},//t{0x00,0x3C,0x40,0x40,0x20,0x7C},//u{0x00,0x1C,0x20,0x40,0x20,0x1C},//v{0x00,0x3C,0x40,0x30,0x40,0x3C},//w{0x00,0x44,0x28,0x10,0x28,0x44},//x{0x00,0x1C,0xA0,0xA0,0xA0,0x7C},//y{0x00,0x44,0x64,0x54,0x4C,0x44},//z{0x14,0x14,0x14,0x14,0x14,0x14}//horizlines};voidLCD_WriteByte(unsignedchardt,unsignedcharcommand). .{unsignedchari;sce0; //使能LCDif(command==0) //傳送命dc0;elsedc1; //for(i=0;i<8;i++){if(dt&0x80)sdin1;elsesdin0;dt=dt<<1;sclk0;sclk1;}dc1;sce1;//關閉LCDsdin1;}voidLCD_Init(void){sce1;res0;//LCDdelay_ms(10);res1;delay_ms(100);LCD_WriteByte(0x21,0);//使用水平尋址,進入拓展指令. .LCD_WriteByte(0x13,0);//定液晶偏置系統(tǒng)1:48LCD_WriteByte(0xbb,0);//設定設置Vop,相當于亮度LCD_WriteByte(0x20,0);//芯片活動使用基本指令并且水平尋址LCD_WriteByte(0x0c,0);//設定顯示模式.正常顯示LCD_Clear();}voidLCD_Set_XY(unsignedcharX,unsignedcharY){Y|=0x40;X|=0x80;LCD_WriteByte(Y,0);//列LCD_WriteByte(X,0);//行sce1;}voidLCD_Clear(void){unsignedcharLCD_Set_XY(0,0);for(t=0;t<6;t++){for(k=0;k<84;k++){LCD_WriteByte(0x00,1);}}}voidLCD_WriteChar(unsignedcharX,unsignedcharY,unsignedcharc){. .unsignedchari,j;const unsignedchar*map=c32;//變換map+=c*(HEIGHT/8*WIDTH);for(i=0;i<HEIGHT/8;i++){LCD_Set_XY(X,Y+i);for(j=0;j<WIDTH;j++)LCD_WriteByte(*map++,1);}}voidLCD_Write