主謂一致的用法及專(zhuān)項(xiàng)練習(xí)題一、主謂一致三原則

主謂一致是指謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞與主語(yǔ)在人稱(chēng)和數(shù)上保持一致，主謂一致必須遵循三原則：語(yǔ)法一致原則，意義一致原則，就近一致原則。

1.語(yǔ)法一致原則：指主語(yǔ)是單數(shù)形式，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式，主語(yǔ)是復(fù)數(shù)形式，謂語(yǔ)也用復(fù)數(shù)形式。

Tomisagoodstudent.湯姆是個(gè)好學(xué)生。

Theyoftenplayfootballontheplayground.他們經(jīng)常在操場(chǎng)上踢足球。

2.意義一致：指主語(yǔ)形式上為單數(shù)，但意義為復(fù)數(shù)，因此謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式；或主語(yǔ)形式上為復(fù)數(shù),但表示單數(shù)意義，這是謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式。

Myfamilyishavinglunchnow.我們一家人現(xiàn)在正吃午飯。

Twentydollarsistooexpensiveforthebook.這本書(shū)20美元太貴了。

3.就近一致：指謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式還是用復(fù)數(shù)形式，取決于最靠近他的主語(yǔ)。例如：

Notonlytheteacherbutalsohisstudentslikeplayingfootball.

不僅老師喜歡踢足球，而且他的學(xué)生也喜歡踢足球。

Thereisapenandsomebooksonthedesk.課桌上有一支鋼筆和一些書(shū)。二、主謂一致常考題型

1.單數(shù)名詞(代詞)，不可數(shù)名詞作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)用單數(shù)形式，復(fù)數(shù)名詞(代詞)作主語(yǔ)，謂語(yǔ)用復(fù)數(shù)形式。

ThedeskisTom’s.這張桌子是湯姆的。

Somewaterisinthebottle.一些水在瓶子里。

Thestudentsareplayingfootballontheplayground.

這些學(xué)生正在操場(chǎng)上踢足球。

2.manya+單數(shù)名詞作主語(yǔ)，意義雖為“許多”，但謂語(yǔ)要用單數(shù)形式。

ManyastudenthasbeentoShanghai.

許多學(xué)生到過(guò)上海。

3.morethanone+單數(shù)名詞作主語(yǔ)，謂語(yǔ)用單數(shù)。

MorethanonestudenthaseverbeentoBeijing.不止一個(gè)學(xué)生曾經(jīng)去過(guò)北京。

4.表示時(shí)間，價(jià)格，重量，數(shù)目，長(zhǎng)度，數(shù)學(xué)運(yùn)算等的詞或短語(yǔ)作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，這些通常作一個(gè)整體概念，謂語(yǔ)用單數(shù)形式。例如：

Twomonthsisalongholiday.兩個(gè)月是一個(gè)長(zhǎng)假。

Twentypoundsisn’tsoheavy.20英鎊并不太重。

Tenmilesisn’talongdistance.10英里并不是一段很長(zhǎng)的距離。

Fiveminusfourisone.5減4等于1。5.主語(yǔ)是each/every+單數(shù)名詞+and(each/every)+單數(shù)名詞時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)。

Eachboyandeachgirlhasgotaseat.每個(gè)男孩和女孩都有一個(gè)座位。

Everymanandeverywomanisatwork.每個(gè)男人和女人都在工作。

6.oneandahalf+復(fù)數(shù)名詞作主語(yǔ)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式。

Oneandahalfhoursisenough.一個(gè)半小時(shí)足夠了。

7.動(dòng)詞不定式，動(dòng)名詞作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式。

Toseeistobelieve.眼見(jiàn)為實(shí)。

Doingeyeexercisesisgoodforyoureyes.

做眼睛保健操對(duì)你的眼睛十分有益。

8.a/an+單數(shù)名詞+ortwo作主語(yǔ)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)。

Astudentortwohasfailedtheexam.一兩個(gè)學(xué)生考試不及格。

9.當(dāng)主語(yǔ)部分含有with,togetherwith,alongwith,aswellas,besides,except,but,like等介詞或介詞短語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式；但“名詞+aswellas+名詞”時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞一般應(yīng)與第一個(gè)名詞一致。

MikewithhisfatherhasbeentoEngland.邁克同他的父親去過(guò)英格蘭。Mike,likehisbrother,enjoysplayingfootball.

邁克像他的哥哥一樣喜歡踢足球。

Thestudentsaswellastheteacherwerepresentatthemeeting.

10.由and連接的兩個(gè)單數(shù)名詞作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，一般用復(fù)數(shù)形式，但and所連接的并列主語(yǔ)是同一個(gè)人，事物，或概念時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)。這兩種情況區(qū)分如下：a/the+單數(shù)名詞+and+單數(shù)名詞，指的是同一個(gè)人或物；a/the+單數(shù)名詞+anda/the+單數(shù)名詞，指兩個(gè)人或物。

Thewriterandteacheriscoming.

那位作家兼教師來(lái)了。(作家和教師指同一個(gè)人)

Thewriterandtheteacherarecoming.

作家和老師來(lái)了。(作家和老師是兩個(gè)人)

11.people,police等集體名詞作主語(yǔ)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式，family,class,group,team等集體名詞作主語(yǔ)，若指一個(gè)整體時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式，若指一個(gè)具體成員時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞復(fù)數(shù)形式。

Peoplehereareveryfriendly.這兒的人很友好。

Hisfamilyisn’tlarge.他家的人不多。

MyfamilyalllikewatchingTV.我們一家人都喜歡看電視。12.不定代詞somebody,someone,something,anybody,anything,everybody,everyone,everything,nobody,

noone,

nothing作主語(yǔ)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)。

Iseveryoneheretoday.

今天大家到齊了嗎？

Somethingiswrongwithhim.他有毛病。

Nobodywasin.沒(méi)有人在家。

13.each,

either,

neither,

another,

theother作主語(yǔ)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)。

EachofthemhasanEnglishdictionary.他們每人都有一本英語(yǔ)詞典。

Neitheransweriscorrect.兩個(gè)答案都不正確。

14.以—s結(jié)尾的名詞本身不表示復(fù)數(shù)意義，謂語(yǔ)通常用單數(shù)形式，如news,math,physics等，

Nonewsisgoodnews.沒(méi)有消息就是好消息。

Mathsisverypopularinourclass在我們班數(shù)學(xué)很受歡迎。

15.由both…and…連接兩個(gè)單數(shù)名詞作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式；由or,

either…or…，neither…nor…,

notonly…butalso…,

not…but…,連接兩個(gè)名詞或代詞作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，根據(jù)就近原則決定謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞形式。EithermywifeorIamgoing.

Neitheryou,norI,noranyoneelseknowstheanswer.

Notonlyyoubutalsoheisreadytoleave.

如果either,each,neither作主語(yǔ)，則動(dòng)詞為單數(shù)形式。

Eachofushashislikesanddislikes.

Neitherofthebooksisveryinteresting.

16.如果主語(yǔ)是由“aseriesof,akindof,aportionof+等+名詞”構(gòu)成時(shí)，動(dòng)詞一般用單數(shù)形式。

Aseriesofpre-recordedtapshasbeenpreparedforlanguagelaboratoryuse.

但avarietyof,

anumberof+名詞復(fù)數(shù)，動(dòng)詞要用復(fù)數(shù)形式;而thenumberof+復(fù)數(shù)名詞作主語(yǔ)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)。

Onexhibitionthereareagreatvarietyofconsumergoods.

Thenumberofthestudentsisovereighthundred

17.以here，there開(kāi)關(guān)的句子，若主語(yǔ)在兩個(gè)或兩個(gè)以上，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞通常與臨近的主語(yǔ)一致

Thereisabookandthreepensonthedesk.

Herearesomebooksandpaperforyou.18.the+形容詞表示一類(lèi)人時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式，表示抽象概念時(shí)，用單數(shù)形式.

Thepoorareveryhappy,butthericharesad.

Thebeautifullivesforever.

美是永存的。

三、肯定與否定一致

下列形容詞、副詞、代詞從肯定句變成否定句時(shí)須作相應(yīng)的變化。

We'vehadsome(money).→Wehaven'thadany(money).

Iwastalkingtosomeone.→Iwasn'ttalkingtoanyone.

Theysometimesvisitus.→Theyrarely(never,seldom)visitus.

Hehasarrivedalready.→Hehasn'tarrivedyet.

Liiscomingtoo.→Liisn'tcomingeither.

Bothofusaregoing.→Neitherofusisgoing.

Helikesbothofthem.→Hedoesn'tlikeeitherofthem.

注意：so/neither+助動(dòng)詞+名詞/代詞結(jié)構(gòu)中須用倒裝語(yǔ)序。

MywifelikesclassicmusicverymuchandsodoI.

Shedoesn'tlikejazzandneitherdoI.主謂一致專(zhuān)項(xiàng)練習(xí)題1.EitherJaneorSteven_____watchingTVnow.

A.were

B.is

C.was

D.are2.Twodays_______enoughformetofinishthework,Ineedathirdday.

A.isn’t

B.is

C.aren’t

D.are

3.—Howmanylessonsdoyouusuallyhaveaday?

—Sixlessonsaday.Andeachofthen_____45minutes.

A.last

B.lasts

C.have

D.are

4.NeitherLiPingnorI_______abasketballplayer.

A.am

B.is

C.be

D.are

5.There______manynewwordsinlessonone,Itisveryeasy.

A.is

B.aren’t

C.isn’t

D.are

6.Thenumberofthestudentsinourschool____1200.

A.is

B.are

C.has

D.have

7.Maths_______myfavoritesubject.

A.be

B.is

C.am

D.are8.Theboywiththetwodogs_____whentheearthquakerockedthecity.

A.weresleeping

B.issleeping

C.wassleeping

D.aresleeping

9.EveryoneexceptTomandJohn_____therewhenthemeetingbegan.

A.are

B.is

C.were

D.was

10.Thatplaceisnotinterestingatall,____ofuswantstogothere.

A.Neither

B.Both

C.All

D.Some

11.NobodybutJane_____thesecret.

A.know

B.knows

C.haveknow

D.is

12.—What’sontheplate?Someeggsandcakesonit?

—There_____someeggsandcakesonit.

A.is

B.are

C.was

D.were

13.Thispairofglasses______mine.

A.are

B.be

C.is

D.willbe

14.BothLilyandLucy______tothepartyyesterday.

A.invited

B.wasinvited

C.hadinvited

D.wereinvited15.—Twomonths______quitealongtime.

—Yes,I’mafraidthathewillmisslotsofhislessons.

A.is

B.are

C.was

D.were

16.Inthecitytheold_______.

A.takegoodcareof

B.aretakengoodcareof

C.istakengoodcareof

D.arebeentakengoodcareof

17.Hisfamily_____allverykindandfriendly,Hisfamily______ahappyone.

A.are,is

B.is,is

C.are,are

D.is,are

18.Thesingerandthedancer_____cometoBeijing.

A.has

B.have

C.are

D.is

19.Thechildreninthisclasseach_____newschoolbag.

A.have

B.has

C.hasgot

D.arehaving

20.Allbutone_____herejustnow.

A.is

B.was

C.hasbeen

D.were

21.IfBob'swifewon'tagreetogoonholidayinwinter,_____________.

A.neitherhewill

B.neitherwon'the

C.neitherwillhe

D.hewon'tneither22.Ihaven'tfinishedmyhomeworkyet.______________.

A.sohashe

B.Neitherhehas

C.Hehastoo

D.Hehasn'teither

23.“I'mgoingtovisittheLuGouBridgetomorrow.”“________.”

A.Iamso

B.SoamI

C.SogoI

D.SoIgo

24.Youaswellashe________toblame(責(zé)備)fortheaccident(交通事故).

A.are

B.is

C.have

D.has

25.NeithermywifenorImyself_______abletoteachmydaughtertosingEnglishsongs.

A.hasbeen

B.is

C.are

D.am

主謂一致練習(xí)題參考答案(1).B

(2).A

(3).B

(4).A

(5).B

(6).A

(7).B

(8).C

(9).D

(10).A

(11).B

(12).B

(13).C

(14)D.(15).A

(16).B

(17).A

(18).B

(19).A

(20)D

(21).C

(22).D

(23).B

(24).A

(25).D主謂一致練習(xí)題2Ⅰ.從所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。

(

)1.Collectingstamps_____myhobby.

A.is

B.are

C.has

D.have

(

)2.Theladywithherlittleson_____walkingalongthelakenow.

A.is

B.are

C.was

D.were

(

)3.Bothofthetwingirls_____wearingredclothestoday.

A.is

B.are

C.want

D.wants

(

)4.Eachofthestudents_____aWalkman.

A.have

B.has

C.thereis

D.thereare

(

)5.Allofmymoney_____stolenlastnight.

A.is

B.was

C.has

D.have

(

)6.Thepolice_____fortherobbersnow.

A.issearching

B.aresearching

C.issearched

D.aresearched

(

)7.Halfofthestudents_____fromabroad.

A.is

B.are

C.comes

D.hascome

(

)8.Twokilometers_____alongway.You’dbettertakeataxi.

A.is

B.are

C.was

D.were

(

)9.Mostofthecountry_____grassland.

A.thereare

B.thereis

C.are

D.is

(

)10.WhatIhavetoldyou_____asecret.Pleasedon’ttellothers.

A.are

B.is

C.keep

D.keeps

(

)11.Notonlyyoubutalsohe_____theexam.

A.waspassed

B.haspassed

C.hadpassed

D.ispassed

(

)12.Thispairofglasses_____mewell.

A.fit

B.fits

C.havefitted

D.isfitted

(

)13.Physics_____acoursethateverystudentmusttake.

A.have

B.has

C.is

D.are

(

)14.Who_____thetwowomentalkingoverthere?

A.is

B.are

C.was

D.be

(

)15.Everyboyandeverygirl_____innewclothestoday.

A.is

B.are

C.wear

D.dresses

(

)16.Chinese_____bythelargestnumberofpeople.

A.isspeaking

B.speak

C.speaks

D.isspoken(

)17.Alettersentbetweencomputers_____calledane-mail.

A.are

B.is

C.have

D.has

(

)18.Thepopulationofthistown_____300,000.

A.are

B.is

C.have

D.has

(

)19.—What_____thenumberoftheworkersinthefactory?

—Twothousand.Andalargenumberofthem_____women.

A.is;is

B.is;are

C.are;is

D.are;are

(

)20.—_____thispairofshoesyours?

—No.Myshoes_____underthebed.

A.Is;is

B.Are;are

C.Is;are

D.Are;is

(

)21.Inthecitytheold_____.

A.takegoodcareof

B.aretakengoodcareof

C.istakengoodcareof

D.takesgoodcareof

(

)22.TheGreens_____gettingreadyfortheirjourney.

A.is

B.prepare

C.prepares

D.are(

)23.Themusicianandwriter_____tovisitourschool.

A.iscoming

B.arecoming

C.enjoys

D.enjoy

(

)24.Noneofthemoney_____his.

A.belongto

B.are

C.is

D.has

(

)25.—DoyoulikewatchingcookingprogrammesonTV?

—No,Idon’t,butmytwinbrother_____.He’sveryfondofcooking.

A.does

B.do

C.is

D.are

(

)26.EveryoneexceptTomandJohn_____therewhenthemeetingbegan.

A.are

B.is

C.were

D.was

(

)27.We’vegottwoTVsets,but_____workswell.

A.any

B.both

C.either

D.neither

(

)28.Theheadmasteraswellasalltheteachers_____.

A.arehavingameeting

B.havegonetothemuseum

C.isplantingtreesonthehill

D.feelveryexcitedabouttheprize

(

)29.Twofifthsofthem_____YoungPioneers.

A.is

B.are

C.jointo

D.joins(

)30.Themusictheyplayed_____verywonderful.

A.is

B.sound

C.are

D.listens

(

)31._____you_____heisabletoski,butIam.

A.Both;and

B.Notonly;butalso

C.Either;or

D.Neither;nor

(

)32.Hisfamily_____allverykindandfriendly.Hisfamily_____ahappyone.

A.are;is

B.is;is

C.are;are

D.is;are

(

)33.—Doyouneedmoretimetofinishthework?

—Yes,anothertendays_____enough.

A.are

B.is

C.were

D.was

(

)34.Howtimeflies!Tenyears_____passed.

A.have

B.has

C.is

D.are

(

)35.Thispairofjeans_____Tina’s.

A.are

B.is

C.be

D.am

(

)36.—Howmanyclassesdoyouusuallyhaveaday?

—Sixclassesaday.Andeachofthem_____45minutes.

A.last

B.lasts

C.have

D.are

(

)37.NeitherLiMingnorI_____abasketballplayer.

A.am

B.is

C.belongto

D.belongsto(

)38.There_____manynewwordsinlessonone.Itisveryeasy.

A.is

B.aren’t

C.isn’t

D.are

(

)39.NobodybutJane_____thesecret.

A.know

B.knows

C.don’tknow

D.haveknown

(

)40.—What’sontheplate?

—There_____someeggsandcakesonit.

A.is

B.are

C.was

D.were

(

)41.Allbutone_____herejustnow.

A.is

B.was

C.hasbeen

D.were

(

)42.Neithertheteachernorthestudents_____intheclassroomatthatmoment.

A.were

B.was

C.weren’t

D.wasn’t

(

)43.There_____enoughfoodinthefridge.Youhavetobuysomeonyourwayhome.

A.isn’t

B.is

C.are

D.aren’t

(

)44.Sheistheonlyoneofthe_____writerswho_____storiesforchildren.

A.woman;writes

B.woman;write

C.women;writes

D.women;write(

)45.Iwonderifsomeone_____goingtotakemehomewhenthepartyisover.

A.was

B.were

C.is

D.are

(

)46.Here_____someflowersandsomemoneyforyou.