2021-2022學年江蘇省常州市前黃高級中學高一上學期期中考試英語試卷（考試時間：120分鐘總分：150分）第一局部：聽力（共20小題，每題L5分，總分值30分）第一節聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最正確選項，并標在試卷的相應位置。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。.1.【此處可播放相關音頻，請去附件查看】Whydoesthemanlikehisnewroom?Itisnearhisfriends*flats.Itislargerthantheoldone.Itisclosetotheschool.【答案】B【解析】【原文】W:Doyoulikeyournewroom?M:It'snicetohaveenoughspaceforallmythings,soFmgladImoved.ButImissmyfriendsandneighbors.Iespeciallymisslivingsoclosetotheschool..【此處可播放相關音頻，請去附件查看】Howmuchwillthemanpayfortwogeneralticketsandtwostudenttickets?A.$40.B.$20.C.$30.【答案】C【解析】【原文】M:Howmucharethetickets?W:They'retendollarseachfbrthegeneralpublic,butstudentticketsarehalfprice..【此處可播放相關音頻，請去附件查看】WhatdowelearnaboutJack?A.Hespoketotheboss.B.Hegaveorderslikeaboss.C.Heworkedthereasaboss.【答案】B【解析】【原文】W:DoyougetalongwellwithJackattheoffice?M:Heorderedeveryoneaboutasifhewerethebossthere..【此處可播放相關音頻，請去附件查看】Whatdoesthewomansuggest?細節理解題。根據文章第四段內容"…butitisjustbeginningproductionandsalesinNairobinow（……但現在它才剛剛開始在Nairobi生產和銷售）"可知，目前可以在Nairobi買到這種環保廁所。應選A項。【26題詳解】主旨大意題。通過閱讀文章第五段內容“TheUnitedNationssaysmorethantwoandahalfbillionpeoplearoundtheworlddonothavegoodsanitation.Manyhavenochoicebuttousetheoutdoors,whichisnotonlybadfortheenvironment,butalsoharmfultopeople'shealth.Eachyear,poorsanitationleadstothreefifthsofthosepeoplegettinganinfectiousdiseasewhichonaveragecausesoneoutof1,000patientstodie.（聯合國表示，全球有超過25億人沒有良好的衛生設施。許多人別無選擇，只能使用戶外，這不僅對環境有害，而且對人們的健康有害。每年，衛生條件差導致五分之三的人感染傳染病，平均每1000名病人中就有一人死亡）”可知，該段主要講述了在沒有良好的衛生設施的情況下，選擇戶外（排便）對于環境和人體都帶來了危害。因此選項A“poorsanitationmaycausemanyproblems（惡劣的衛生條件可能導致許多問題）”貼合該段主旨要義，為作者想要通過該段表達的信息。應選A項。【27題詳解】詞義猜想題。結合前后文語境可知，JackSmith的話應是對前文提到的事實“TheUnitedNationssaysmorethantwoandahalfbillionpeoplearoundtheworlddonothavegoodsanitation.（聯合國表示，全球有超過25億人沒有良好的衛生設施。）”進行評論，因此“This”應是指代前文提到的事實，即，很多地方沒有良好的衛生設施。應選B項。CGivenalltheheateddebatesabouthowAmerica'schildrenshouldbetaught,itmaycomeasasurprisetolearnthatstudentsspendlessthan15%oftheirtimeinschool.Whilethere'snodoubtthatschoolisimportant,aseriesofrecentstudiesremindusthatparentsareevenmoreso.Astudy,forexample,findsthatparentalinvolvement-checkinghomework,attendingschoolmeetingsandevents,discussingschoolactivitiesathome-hasamorepowerfulinfluenceonstudents1academicperformancethananythingabouttheschoolthestudentsattend.Anotherstudy,reportsthattheeffortputforthbyparentshasabiggerimpactontheirchildren'seducationalachievementthantheeffortdevotedbyeitherteachersorthestudentsthemselves.Andathirdstudyconcludesthatschoolswouldhavetoincreasetheirspendingbymorethan$1,000perpupilinordertoachievethesameresultsthataregainedwithparentalinvolvement.Soparentsmatteralot-apointmadeclearbydecadesofresearchshowingthatamajorpartoftheacademicadvantageheldbychildrenfromwealthyfamiliescomesfromthe"concertedcultivation（協作培養）ofchildren^^ascomparedtothemorelaissezfaire（散養的）styleofparentingcommoninworking--classfamilies.Butthisresearchalsorevealssomethingelsethatparents,ofallbackgrounds,don'tneedtobuyexpensiveeducationaltoysordigitaldevicesfortheirkidsinordertogivethemanedge.Theydon'tneedtodrivetheiroffspringtoenrichmentclassesortest-prepcourses.Whattheyneedtodowiththeirchildrenismuchsimplertalk,Butnotjustanytalk.Althoughwell-knownresearchbypsychologistsBettyHartandToddRisleyhasshownthatprofessionalparentstalkmoretotheirchildrenthanless-affluent（不富有的）parents-alotmore,resultingina30million“wordgap“bythetimechildrenreachagethree-morerecentresearchesareraisingoursenseofexactlywhatkindsoftalksathomecontributedtochildren'ssuccessatschool.Forexample,astudyconductedbyresearchersattheUCLASchoolofPublicHealthandpublishedinthejournalPediatricsfoundthattwowayadult-childconversationsweresixtimesaseffectiveinpromotinglanguagedevelopmentasintervals（間歇）inwhichtheadultdidallthetalking.Engaginginthismutualback-and-forthgiveschildrenachancetotryoutlanguageforthemselves,andalsogivesthemthesensethattheirthoughtsandopinionsmatter.Astheygrowolder,thisfeelinghelpsmiddle-andupper-classkidsdevelopintoconfidentsupportersfortheirowninterests,whileworking-classstudentstendtoavoidaskingforhelporarguingtheirowncasewithteachers,accordingtoaresearchpresentedatAmericanSociologicalAssociationconferenceearlierthisyear.Thecontentofparents9conversationswithkidsmatters,too.Childrenwhoheartalkaboutcountingandnumbersathomestartschoolwithmuchmoreextensivemathematicalknowledge,whichpredictsfutureachievementinthesubject.PsychologistSusanLevine,wholedthestudyonnumberwords,hasalsofoundthattheamountoftalkyoungchildrenhearaboutthespatialpropertiesofthephysicalworld-howbigorsmallorroundorsharpobjectsare-predictskids'problem-solvingabilitiesastheypreparetoenterkindergartenWhiletheconversationsparentshavewiththeirchildrenchangeaskidsgrowolder,theeffectoftheseexchangesonacademicachievementremainsstrong.Andagain,thewaymothersandfatherstalktotheirmiddle-schoolstudentsmakesadifference.ResearchbyNancyHill,aprofessoratHarvardUniversity'sGraduateSchoolofEducation,findsthatparentsplayanimportantroleinwhatHillcalls"academicsocialization^-settingexpectationsandmakingconnectionsbetweencurrentbehaviorandfuturegoals（goingtocollege,gettingagoodjob）.Engaginginthesesortsofconversations,Hillreports,hasagreaterimpactoneducationalaccomplishmentthanvolunteeringatachild'sschoolorgoingtoPTAmeetings,oreventakingchildrentolibrariesandmuseums.Whenitcomestopromotingstudents'success,itseems,ifsnotsomuchwhatparentsdoaswhattheysay.Thefirstparagraphmainlytellsusthat.A.TeachingmethodsarevitaltostudentsintheUSAB.schoolingisnecessaryforAmericanstudentsC.parentsaffecttheirchildren'sachievementgreatlyD.schoolshavepaidmoremoneytogetthesameresultsasparentalinvolvement29.FromthesecondparagraphwecanknowthatintheUSA.childrenfromrichfamiliesmayhavemoreacademicadvantagesworking-classparentstendtotalktotheirchildrenmorewealthyfamiliestendtoadoptlaissez-fairestyleofparentingparentshavemanywaystogivetheirchildrenanadvantageWhatisthemosteffectivetalkbetweenparentsandchildreninimprovinglanguagedevelopment?Professionalparents'talk.Two-wayconversation.Adultstalkingallthetime.Childrenspeakingasinterludes.Whatcanweinferfromthelastparagraph?It'snecessaryfbrchildrentofollowtheexampleoftheirchildren.Childrenshouldbeactiveintheireducationalaccomplishment.Parentsshouldoftencommunicatewiththeteachersoftheirchildren..Parents?influencestayswithchildrenfbralongtime.【答案】28.C29.A30.B31.D【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了父母教育的重要性。并用很多研究結論來證明父母教育比學校教育更重要。[28題詳解】主旨大意題。根據文章第一段uWhilethere'snodoubtthatschoolisimportant,aseriesofrecentstudiesremindusthatparentsareevenmoreso.（毫無疑問,學校很重要，但最近的一系列研究提醒我們，父母更重要。）”及本段內容可知，第一段主要介紹了父母對孩子的成就影響很大。應選C。【29題詳解】細節理解題。根據文章第二段“Soparentsmatteralot-apointmadeclearbydecadesofresearchshowingthatamajorpartoftheacademicadvantageheldbychildrenfromwealthyfamiliescomesfromtheconcertedcultivation（協作培養）ofchildren”ascomparedtothemorelaissezfaire（ft^養的）styleofparentingcommoninworking--classfamilies.（因此，父母很重要幾十年的研究說明，富裕家庭的孩子在學業上的優勢主要來自于“對孩子的協同培養”，而不是工人階級家庭中普遍存在的更加放任的教育方式。）”可知，來自富裕家庭的孩子可能有更多的學業優勢。應選A。【30題詳解】細節理解題。根據文章第三段“Forexample,astudyconductedbyresearchersattheUCLASchoolofPublicHealthandpublishedinthejournalPediatricsfoundthattwowayadult-childconversationsweresixtimesaseffectiveinpromotinglanguagedevelopmentasintervalsinwhichtheadultdidallthetalking.（例如，加州大學洛杉磯分校公共衛生學院的研究人員在《兒科學》雜志上發表的一項研究發現，成人與兒童之間的雙向對話在促進語言開展方面的效果是成人說話的間隔時間的6倍。）”可知，父母和孩子之間最有效的交流方式是雙向對話。應選B。【31題詳解】推理判斷題。根據文章最后一段“Whiletheconversationsparentshavewiththeirchildrenchangeaskidsgrowolder,theeffectoftheseexchangesonacademicachievementremainsstrong.Andagain,thewaymothersandfatherstalktotheirmiddle-schoolstudentsmakesadifference.ResearchbyNancyHill,aprofessoratHarvardUniversity'sGraduateSchoolofEducation,findsthatparentsplayanimportantroleinwhatHillcalls"academicsocialization^-settingexpectationsandmakingconnectionsbetweencurrentbehaviorandfuturegoals（goingtocollege,gettingagoodjob）.（雖然隨著孩子長大，父母與孩子之間的對話也會改變，但這些交流對學業成就的影響仍然很大。再說一次，父母與中學生交談的方式也會產生影響。哈佛大學教育研究生院教授南希?希爾的研究發現，父母在希爾所謂的“學術社會化”中扮演著重要角色一一設定期望，將當前行為與未來目標（上大學、找一份好工作）聯系起來。）”可推斷，父母對孩子的影響會持續很長一段時間。應選D。DSam,IsaytomyselfasIstartacrossthebridge,youmuststopthesethoughtsandstartthinkingaboutwhattodonowthatyouhavelostyourfalcon,Frightful.Life,myfriendBandooncesaid,ismeetingproblemsandsolvingthemwhetheryouareanamoebaoraspacetraveller.Ihaveaproblem.IhavetoprovidemyyoungersisterAliceandmyselfwithmeat.Fish,nuts,andvegetablesaregoodandnecessary,buttheydon'tprovideenoughfuelforthehardphysicalworkwedo.Althoughwehavevenisonnow,Ican*talwayscountongettingit.Sofarthisyear,ourvenisonhasbeenonlyroadkillfrominfrontofMrsStrawberry'sfarm.Idecidetotakethelongestwayhome,downthefloodplainoftheWestBranchofDelawaretoSpillkill,myownnameforafaststreamthatcascadesdownthesouthfaceofthemountainrangeI'mon.Ineedtimetothink.PerhapsAliceandIshouldbeliketheearlyEskimos.Weshouldwalk,campandhunt,andwhentheseasonschange,walkontonewfoodsources.ButIlovemytreeandmymountaintop.Anothersolutionwouldbetobecomefarmers,likethepeopleoftheIroquoisConfederacywhooncelivedhere.Theysettledinvillagesandplantedcormandsquash,bushbeansandberries.Wealreadygrowgroundnutsinthedampsoilandsquashinthepoorland.ButtheIroquoisalsohuntedgame.Ican'tdothatanymore.FmbackwhereIstartedfrom.SlowlyIclimbtheSpillkill.AsIhopfromrocktorockbeneathshadybasswoodsandhemlocks,Ihearthecryofthered-tailedhawkwhonestsonthemountaincrest.IamremindedofFrightfulandmyheartaches.Icanalmosthearhercallmyname,Cree,Cree,Cree,Car-ree.

MaybeIcangetherbackifIbegthemanwhoisinchargeoftheperegrinesattheuniversity.“Butit'sthelaw/hewouldsay.IcouldwritetothepresidentoftheUnitedStatesandaskhimtomakeanexceptionofAliceandme.Thatwontwork.ThepresidentsworetoupholdtheConstitutionandlawsoftheUnitedStateswhenhetookoffice.Iclimbon.Imuststopthinkingabouttheimpossibleandsolvetheproblemofwhattodonow.Imustfindanewwaytoprovideforus.Frightfulisgoingtobeingoodhandsattheuniversity,andshewillhaveyoung.IsmileatthethoughtoflittleFrightfulsandliftmyreluctantfeet.WhenIamfarabovetheriver,Itakeoffmyclothesandmoccasinsandbatheinadeep,clearpooluntilIamrefreshedandthinkingmoreclearly.Climbingupthebank,Idressandsitdown.Ibreathedeeplyofthemountainairandtrytosolvemyproblemmorerealistically.Whatdoesthisexcerptmaindescribe?A.Delicatementalactivities.C.Everchangingstoryevents.WhatisSam*sfirstworry?A.HowtogetbackquicklyC.HowtoensurethesafetyofFrightful,himself.WhatdoweknowaboutFrightful?A.HeleftSamandAliceduetolackoffood,takenaway.C.Heislivingwiththered-tailedhawkhappily,university.WhichofthefollowingcanbestdescribeSam?A.Humorous.B.Aggressive.Unrealistic.【答案】32.A33.D34.B35.C【解析】B.Uniquestoryenvironment.D.Complicatedcharacterrelationship.B.Uniquestoryenvironment.D.Complicatedcharacterrelationship.B.Howtogetenoughvenison.D.HowtoprovidemeatforAliceandHehelpedSamhuntbeforebeingD.HehasgivenbirthtobabiesintheResponsible.D.【32題詳解】主旨大意題。通讀全文可知，文章講述了山姆從一開始過橋時默默對自己說的話、想起朋友曾說過的話，到走最遠的路回家途中對自己和妹妹生活方式的思考、再到爬山時又想起了獵鷹Frightful以及思考一些不可能的事情,最后決定更現實地解決自己的問題這些細微的心理活動，可知這段摘錄主要描述了微妙的心理活動。應選A。【33題詳解】細節理解題。根據第二段中“Ihaveaproblem.IhavetoprovidemyyoungersisterAliceandmyselfwithmeat.（我有個問題。我必須給我妹妹愛麗絲和我自己提供肉）”可知，山姆首先擔憂的是自己和妹妹的生存問題，應選D。【34題詳解】推理判斷題。根據第一段“Sam,IsaytomyselfasIstartacrossthebridge,youmuststopthesethoughtsandstartthinkingaboutwhattodonowthatyouhavelostyourfalcon,Frightful.（山姆，當我開始過橋時，我對自己說，你必須停止這些想法，開始思考既然你已經失去了你的獵鷹Frightful,你該怎么辦）”可知，沒有獵鷹后山姆不知道該怎么辦了，可推知獵鷹以前幫山姆捕獵，應選B。【35題詳解】推理判斷題。根據第二段中“Ihaveaproblem.IhavetoprovidemyyoungersisterAliceandmyselfwithmeat.（我有個問題。我必須給我妹妹愛麗絲和我自己提供肉）”可知，山姆首要想的是給自己的小妹妹愛麗絲解決保持體力的食肉問題，第三、四段中又想到了像愛斯基摩人一樣生活或當農民，一路上都在為自己和妹妹如何生存絞盡腦汁，可推知山姆是一個負責任的人，應選C。第二節（共5小題；每題2.5分，總分值12.5分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項中選出可以填入空白處的最正確選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。Itisveryimportantforkidstobecourageous.Abravechildismorelikelytowithstandnegativepeerpressure,saynototemptations（誘惑）andfightthegoodfight.36Itboostskids'resilience（適應力），confidenceandwillpowerastheiraswellastheirlearning,performanceandschoolengagement.Hereareseveralwaystodevelopkids'courage:Setamodelofcourage.Kidswhowatchtheirparentssticktheirnecksouttodotherightthingaremorelikelytodothesame.37Thenexpresshowgooditfeelswhenyouconqueryourfearinsteadoftakingashortcut.Yourkidswilllearnhowtotakeonthetoughchallengetheyfacebywitnessinghowyoutackleyourfears.38Researchfindsthatkidsaremorelikelytobecourageousiftheybelievethattheirparentsencouragethemtosupportthoseinneed.Discussbraverywithyourkids:Tellthem"Courageismakingthechoicetodowhatyouknowisrightevenifyouareafraid.”Askyourkidstosharetheiractsofbravery.Learningtobebravetakespractice,soencourageyourchildrentodosomethingcourageouseveryday.39AmomItalkedtohadherkidssharetheirbravedeedsatdinnertime.Teachyourkidshowtoreducetheirfears.Ifnotkeptundercontrol,fearcanbepowerful.40Youmightencouragepositiveself-talk,suchassaying,“Icanhandlethis"or"Ihavecouragetodothis."Orteachyourchildtotakeslow,deepbreathstofindcourage.Talkaboutvaluesandcourage.Couragehasothersurprisingbenefits.Thegoodnewsisthatcouragecanbetaught.Teachyourchildrensimplestrategiestobebrave.Letyourchildrenseeyoustepoutofyourcomfortzone.Intoday'suncertainworld,kidswillneedcourageandconfidence.Thentaketimetofocusontheircourageousbreakthroughs.【答案】36.B37.E38.A39.G40.D【解析】【分析1本文是一篇說明文。作者針對如何幫助孩子們獲得勇氣這一問題給出了一些建議。【36題詳解】根據上文Abravechildismorelikelytowithstandnegativepeerpressure,saynototemptations（誘惑）andfightthegoodfight.（一個勇敢的孩子更有可能承受來自同齡人的負面壓力，對誘惑說不，勇敢地去戰斗）及下文Itboostskids,resilience（適應力）,confidenceandwillpowerastheiraswellastheirlearning,performanceandschoolengagement.（它能提高孩子們的適應力、自信心和意志力,以及他們的學習、表現和學校參與度）可知,B.Couragehasothersurprisingbenefits.（勇氣還有其他意想不到的好處）能夠承上啟下，符合此處語境。應選B。【37題詳解】根據上文Setamodelofcourage.Kidswhowatchtheirparentssticktheirnecksouttodotherightthingaremorelikelytodothesame.（樹立一個勇敢的典范。那些看著父母冒險去做正確的事情的孩子更有可能做同樣的事情）可知，這里提到了父母的示范作用。由此可知，E.Letyourchildrenseeyoustepoutofyourcomfortzone.（讓你的孩子看到你走出舒適區）符合此處語境。應選E。【38題詳解】不艮據卜文Discussbraverywithyourkids:Tellthem"Courageismakingthechoicetodowhatyouknowisrightevenifyouareafraid."（和你孩子討論勇氣：告訴他們“勇氣就是即使你害怕，也要選擇去做你認為正確的事情。可知，A.Talkaboutvaluesandcourage4談論價值觀和勇氣）符合此處語境。應選A。【39題詳解】根據下文AmomItalkedtohadherkidssharetheirbravedeedsatdinnertime.（我曾與一位母親交談過，她讓孩子們在晚餐時提供他們的勇敢事跡）可知，這里提到了家長和孩子們談論勇敢行為的問題。由此可知，G.Thentaketimetofocusontheircourageousbreakthroughs.（然后花點時間去關注他們的勇敢的突破）符合此處語境。應選Go【40題詳解】根據下文Youmightencouragepositiveself-talk,suchassaying,“Icanhandlethis"or"Ihavecouragetodothis."Orteachyourchildtotakeslow,deepbreathstofindcourage.（你可以鼓勵積極的自我對話，比方，“我能處理好這件事”或“我有勇氣做這件事”。或者教你的孩子慢慢地深呼吸來尋找勇氣）可知，這里提到了一些簡單的勇敢策略。由此可知，D.Teachyourchildrensimplestrategiestobebrave.（教給你的孩子學會勇敢的簡單策略）符合此處語境。應選Do第三局部語言運用（共四節，總分值50分）第一節（共15小題；每題1分，總分值15分）閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出可以填入空白處的最正確選項。WhenIwaslittleandsomethingdifficulthappened,!wouldlooktomymotherforcomfortandguidance.Shewasalwaysthereforme,helpingme41theissue.Nomatterwhat,mymomhada42outlook（人生觀）.Atthetime,Ihadnoknowledgeofthedifficultiesand43shehadexperienced.GrowingupduringtheGreatDepression,mymomlosttwosistersandhadto44herparaplegic（下身癱瘓的）youngestsister.Tome,mymotherdefinesresilience（快速恢復的能力）.Shehadsuchstrongfaithandwasavery45andpositiveperson.Ourhousewaslikeacentralhub（核forfamilyandfriends;nooneeverlefthungryorwithoutfeelingabit46thantheydidwhentheyarrived.Asachild,onethingmymotherwouldoftensaytomewas,“thistooshallpass/*Atfirst,Ifoundthis47.WhatIwasdealingwithseemedlikethemost48thingever!Howwoulditgetbetter?AsImatured,I49shewasright.Lifemovesonandweallhave50tomoveforwardorback.Shealwayschosetomoveforward.“Thistooshallpass"doesn'tmeanthattheproblemwillmagically51Rather,itcanleadtoaveryreflectivethoughtprocessthat52youtofindinnerstrengthto53thechallengeathand.Soasyoufacedifficultiesandchallenges.I54mymother'sadvicewillhelpyou

choosetomoveforward,find_55_andmakethebestofwhatlifehastooffer.41.A.workthroughB.believeinC.focusonD.worryabout42.A.simpleB.similarC.positiveD.new43.A.shameB.lossesC.argumentsD.competition44.A.remindB.trustC.respectD.supportA.differentA.saferA.annoyingappealingA.enjoyableA.realizedexpectedA.rightA.differentA.saferA.annoyingappealingA.enjoyableA.realizedexpectedA.rightA.changeA.forcespersuades53.A.answerA.agreerememberA.solutionspurposes【答案】41.A42.CB.interestingC.givingD.normalB.busierC.smarterD.betterB.frighteningC.surprisingD.B.difficultC.boringD.valuableB.imaginedC.doubtedD.B.choiceC.responsibilityD.wayB.developC.disappearD.continueB.helpsC.warmsD.B.acceptC.understandD.addressB.wonderC.hopeD.B.challengesC.resultsD.43.B44.D45.C46.D47.A48.B49.A53.D54.C55.A50.B51.C52.B【解析】【分析】這是一篇記敘文。【分析】這是一篇記敘文。文章講述了作者遇到困難和挑戰時，母親總是會說“Thistooshallpass”來鼓勵作者繼續前進，克服困難和挑戰，充分利用生活所能提供的一切。【分析】這是一篇記敘文。[41題詳解】考查動詞短語詞義辨析。句意：她總是在我身邊，幫我解決問題。A.workthrough解決，克服；B.believein相信；C.focuson關注;D.worryabout擔憂。根據前文“Iwouldlooktomymotherforcomfortandguidance.”可知，因為作者會會向母親尋求撫慰和指導，所以此處指母親會幫助我解決問題。應選A。【42題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：無論如何，我媽媽都是樂觀的。A.simple簡單的；B.similar相似的；C.positive樂觀的，積極的；D.new新的。根據后文“Shehadsuchstrongfaithandwasavery5andpositiveperson.”可知，作者的媽媽是一個樂觀的人。應選C。【43題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：當時，我并不知道她所經歷的困難和損失。A.shame羞愧；B.losses損失；C.arguments爭論；Dpetition競爭。根據空前“thedifficulties”可知，空處需用名詞losses與之并列，表示母親經歷的困難和損失。應選B。【44題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：我母親成長于大蕭條時期，她失去了兩個妹妹，不得不贍養截癱的妹妹。A.remind提醒;B.trust相信;C.respect尊重;D.support支持，贍養。根據后文“herparaplegic（下身癱瘓的）youngestsister.”可知，此處指母親不得不贍養下身癱瘓的妹妹。應選Do【45題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：她有著堅定的信念，是一個非常樂于助人和積極的人。A.different不同的；B.interesting有趣的；C.giving樂于助人的；D.normal正常的。比照空后“andpositiveperson丁和句意可知，作者母親是一個樂于助人而且積極向上的人。應選C。【46題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：我們的房子就像家人和朋友的中心;離開時，沒有人會感到饑餓，或者感覺比剛來的時候好一點。A.safer更平安的；B.busier更忙碌的；C.smarter更聰明的；D.better更好的。根據前文“Ourhousewaslikeacentralhub（核心）forfamilyandfriends;^^可知，因為房子就像家人和朋友的中心，所以離開時感覺比剛來時好一些。應選D。【47題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意:一開始，我覺得這很煩人。A.annoying煩人的；B.frightening令人害怕的；C.surprising令人驚訝的;D.appealing吸引人的。根據后文“Howwoulditgetbetter?”可知，作者對母親說的這句話“thistooshallpass.”感到厭煩。應選A。【48題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：我正在處理的事情似乎是有史以來最困難的事情！A.enjoyable令人愉快的；B.difficult困難的；C.boring無聊的；D.valuable珍貴的。根據后文“Howwoulditgetbetter?”可知，作者詢問如何變得更好，由此可知，作者遇到了困難的事情。應選B。【49題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：當我成熟后，我意識到她是對的。'realized意識到；B.imagined想象；C.doubted懷疑；D.expected期待。根據前文“AsImatured”可知，作者成熟后，意識到母親做的事情是對的。應選A。【50題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：生活在繼續，我們都有前進或后退的選擇。A.right權力；B.choice選擇；C.responsibility責任；D.way方法。根據后文“Shealwayschosetomoveforward.”可知，此處指在生活中的選擇。應選B。【51題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：“這也會過去”并不意味著問題會神奇地消失。A.change改變;B.develop開展；C.disappear消失；D.continue繼續。結合媽媽說的這句話“Thistooshallpass”可知，此處指問題不會神奇地消失。應選C。【52題詳解】Theradiobatteries（電乎也）havebeenreplaced.Theyshouldgetanewradio.Theydon'treallyneedtolistentotheradio.【答案】B【解析】【原文】M:Wereallyneedtoreplacethebatteriesinthatradio.W:Whynotthewholeradio?【此處可播放相關音頻，請去附件查看】Whatdowelearnaboutthewoman?Shecan'taffordanydictionary.Shehasabetterdictionary.Shewillplanforagooddictionary.【答案】c【解析】【原文】W:IthinkIshouldbuyabetterdictionary.ButIspenttoomuchmoneyonmynewdress.M:Youshouldplanfirst.Gooddictionariesdocostalotofmoneynowadays.第二節聽下面5段對話或獨白。每段對話或獨白后有幾個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最正確選項，并標在試卷的相應位置。聽每段對話或獨白前，你將有時間閱讀各個小題，每題5秒鐘；聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨白讀兩遍。聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題。【此處可播放相關音頻，請去附件查看】WhatkindofcolorTVsetwasthemangoingtobuy?A.Asmallone.B.Abigone.C.Acheapone.WhatkindofcolorTVsetdoesthewomansuggestthemanshouldbuy?A.Asmallone.B.Abigone.C.Acheapone.Whydoesthewomangivethemansuchasuggestion?Itwouldbeawasteofmoney.Hemighthavetochangeitinafewyears1time.Hissittingroomisnotverybig.【答案】6.B7.A8.C【解析】【原文】M:We'vejustmovedintoahouse.W:Really?Congratulations!M:Thankyou,andwewanttobuyanewtelevisionset.考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：相反，它可以導致一個非常反思的思維過程，幫助你找到內在的力量來應對手頭的挑戰。A.forces強迫；B.helps幫助；Cwarms使變暖；D.persuades說服。根據前文“itcanleadtoaveryreflectivethoughtprocess”可知，此處指形成一個思維過程幫助你。應選B。【53題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：同上。A.answer回答；B.accept接受；C.understand明白；D.address處理，應對。根據后文“thechallengeathand”可知，此處指應對挑戰。應選D。【54題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：我希望我母親的建議能幫助你選擇前進，找到解決方法，充分利用生活所能提供的一切。A.agree同意；B.wonder想知道；C.hope希望；D.remember記得。根據前文“Soasyoufacedifficultiesandchallenges.”可知，作者表示當面對困難和挑戰時，希望母親的建議會有幫助。應選C。【55題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：同上。A.solutions解決方案；B.challenges挑戰;C.results結果；D.purposes目的。結合前一句可知，此處指找到應對困難和挑戰的解決方案。應選A。第二節(共10小題；每題1.5分，總分值15分)閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個適當的單詞或括號內單詞的正確形式。OneaspectoftheCOVID-19pandemicthat56(keep)usguessingsincetheearlydaysiswhysomepeoplewhogetthevirusdon'tsuffermuchandothersbecome(desperate)ill.Allthemore,whiletheelderly,some-evencentenarians-survive,whereascountlessyoungerpeople,58immunesystemsaresupposedtobestronger,havebeenseriouslyaffected.Sowhatfactorsgivesomepeopleastrongerimmunesystem59others,regardlessofage?Ourimmunesystemsslowlydecline60weage.Thinkofaphotoofyourselffromtenyearsagoversusone61(take)thisafternoon."Youseechangesinyourface,skin,andhaircolor,“saysInsooKang,MD,directorofallergyandimmunologyattheYaleSchoolofMedicine.uIttakestime.Itisthesameprocesswithyourimmunesystem.^^Thedifferenceintherateofdeclinebetweenindividualsisoneofscience'sbig(mystery).Theimmunesystemiscomplexbutmostofusunderstandthebasics.(fortune),wewon'talwaysbeinapandemic.Butwecanusethisonetogainan(understand)ofhowtheimmunesystemchangeswithageandhowwemightslowthedeclineand65(strong)ourimmunesysteminthefuture.【答案】56.haskeptdesperatelywhose59.than60.as61.takenmysteriesFortunatelyunderstandingstrengthen【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹研究人員對于人體免疫力變化的研究。【56題詳解】考查時態。句意：從早期開始就讓我們一直猜想的新冠疫情的一方面原因是因為有些感染病毒的人沒有遭受多少痛苦，而其他人卻得了重病。分析句子結構可知，此處缺少定語從句的謂語動詞，結合后邊的時間狀語sincetheearlydays可知，此處要使用現在完成時，先行詞為oneaspect可數名詞單數，從句謂語單數形式。故填haskept。【57題詳解】考查副詞。句意：從早期開始就讓我們一直猜想的新冠疫情的一方面原因是因為有些感染病毒的人沒有遭受多少痛苦，而其他人卻得了重病。修飾形容詞ill應使用副詞。故填desperatelyo【58題詳解】考查定語從句。句意：重要的是，老年人甚至是百歲老人幸存下來，而無數免疫系統更強大的年輕人卻受到了嚴重影響。分析句子結構可知，此處使用非限制性定語從句，先行詞youngerpeople在從句中作immunesystems的定語，使用關系代詞whose。故填whose。【59題詳解】考查連詞。句意：那么，是什么因素使一些人的免疫系統比其他人更強大呢？根據空前的形容詞比擬級stronger可知，空處應使用than,表達“比更強大”之意。故填than。【60題詳解】考查連詞。句意：隨著年齡的增長，我們的免疫系統逐漸衰退。結合句子可知，空處應使用as引導時間狀語從句,表達“隨著”之意。故填as。【61題詳解】考查非謂語動詞。句意：想想你自己十年前的照片和今天下午拍的照片比照一下。分析句子結構可知，本句中已含有謂語Thinkof,此處使用非謂語動詞，one指代photo與take之間為被動關系，要使用過去分詞作后置定語。故填taken。【62題詳解】考查名詞復數。句意：個體下降速度的差異是科學的一個大謎團之一。oneof+可數名詞復數，為固定用法，意為“……之一”。故填mysteries。【63題詳解】考查副詞。句意：幸運地是，我們不會總是處于流行病之中。分析句子結構可知，此處需要使用副詞作狀語修飾整個句子，句子首字母大寫。故填Fortunately。【64題詳解】考查名詞。句意：但是我們可以利用這來了解免疫系統如何隨著年齡的增長而變化，以及未來我們可能如何減緩衰退和加強我們的免疫系統。分析句子結構可知，冠詞an后缺少單數名詞作賓語。故填understanding。【65題詳解】考查動詞原形。句意：但是我們可以利用這來了解免疫系統如何隨著年齡的增長而變化，以及未來我們可能如何減緩衰退和加強我們的免疫系統。分析句子結構可知，此處要使用謂語動詞，且情態動詞might后面應使用動詞原形。故填strengthen。第三節單詞拼寫（根據中文提示或者所給單詞的首字母使用正確形式填空）（共10小題，每題1分，總分值10分）Researchshowsthatmoreandmore（畢業生）reportfeelinganxiousabouttheirfuture.（根據漢語提示單詞拼寫）【答案】graduates【解析】【詳解】考查名詞。句意：研究說明越來越多的畢業生報告說對他們的未來感到焦慮。根據漢語提示可知，此處應用名詞graduate,由空前moreandmore可知，應用名詞復數形式。故填graduatesoWeshouldactivelyaddresstheclimatechallenge,（大力，精力充分）developgreeneconomyandraisenewsourcesofeconomicgrowth?@艮據漢語提示單詞拼寫）【答案】energetically【解析】【詳解】考查副詞。句意：積極應對氣候變化挑戰，大力開展綠色經濟，開發新的經濟增長點。分析句子并根據漢語提示可知，空處應使用副詞energetically,修飾動詞develop,作狀語。故填energetically。ChineseCalligraphyisoneofthemany（選修）coursesofferedtostudentswhoareinterestedintraditionalart.（根據漢語提示單詞拼寫）【答案】optional【解析】【詳解】考查形容詞。句意：書法是為對傳統藝術感興趣的學生提供的選修課之一。分析句子結構以及句意可知，空格處應填形容詞作定語，結合所給漢語意思可知，應填。ptional。故填optionaloAllcases（涉及，關于）childrenaredealtwithinaspecialchildren'scourt.（根據漢語提示單詞拼寫）【答案】concerning【解析】【詳解】考查非謂語動詞。句意：所有涉及兒童的案件都由一個特別兒童法庭處理。分析句子可知，空處應使用非謂語動詞，由于concern與所修飾詞Allcases之間是主動關系，應使用現在分詞作后置定語。故填concerning。The（靈活）ofdistancelearningcouldbeparticularlysuitedtobusymanagers.據漢語提示單詞拼寫）【答案】flexibility【解析】【詳解】考查名詞。句意：遠程學習的靈活性可能特別適合忙碌的管理者。分析句子可知,空處缺少句子的主語，“靈活性”翻譯為：flexibility,為不可數名詞。故填：flexibilityo71.Goingouttobreathesomefreshairisbtoyourhealth.（根據首字母單詞拼寫）【答案】beneficial##eneficial【解析】【詳解】考查形容詞。句意：出去呼吸一些新鮮空氣對你的健康有益。根據句意和首字母提示可知，應填beneficial”有益的”作表語，故填beneficial。Theprojectisnowfarbehindsanditishightimethatweshouldspeedupsoastofinishitontime.（根據首字母單詞拼寫）【答案】schedule##chedule【解析】【詳解】考查名詞。句意：這個工程現在遠遠落后于計劃，是時候加快速度，以便按時完成了。根據句意和首字母提示，應填名詞schedule“計劃”作賓語，behindschedule"落后于預定計劃；誤期”，固定短語，符合句意，故填schedule。Clearandcorrectpronunciationcanhelpyouavoidhavingyourselfmwhendeliveringaspeech.（根據首字母單詞拼寫）【答案】misunderstood##isunderstood【解析】【詳解】考查動詞。句意：清晰和正