Amateurp^mQto（r）]Naturalistspn^tjMist]Ecologists[i:'kdadsists]areusingawealthofunusualdatatopredictheimpactofclimatechange.生態學家們通過大量民間數據來預測氣候變化帶來的影響awealthofSn.大量;豐富Ifyousaythatsomeoneorsomethinghasawealthofgoodqualitiesorthings,youareemphasizingthattheyhaveaverylargenumberoramountofthem.FORMAL正式...suchawealthofcreativeexpertise[iekspa:1ti:z]...如此豐富的創造性Un.專門技能Thecityboasts[bgt]v有，擁有（值得驕傲的成就或財產）awealthofbeautifulchurches.這座城市擁有眾多美麗的教堂A:TimSparksslidesasmallleather-bound裝訂的notebookoutofanenvelope^envel沖].TimSparks從信封里取出了一本皮面筆記本slideoutof2[intransitive,transitivealways+adverb/prepositian]tomovesomewherequietlyandsmoothly^ortomovesomethinginthiswayslideinto/outofetc由Danielslidoutoftheroomwhennoonewaslooking.由Sheslidintothedriversseat.slidesomethinginto/outofetcsomething由Heslidthegunintohispocket.Thebook’syellowingpagescontainbeekeepingnotesmadebetween1941and1969bythelateWalterCoatesofKilworth,Leicestershire.筆記本的紙頁已經微微泛黃，它記載了在Kilworth,Leicestershire居住的己故的養蜂人WalterCoates從1941年到1969年間的養蜂記錄lateadj.已故的；已逝的；（尤指）新近去世的Youuselatewhenyouaretalkingaboutsomeonewhoisdead,especiallysomeonewhohasdiedrecently.DEAI6fBTB![onlybeforenoun]deadDEAIlatehusband/wife咽Mrs.Moore'sl^tehusbandHisgrowingpile[pail]oflocaljournals他那堆越來越多的地方日報apileofUsageNote:Apileofthingscanbetidyoruntidyaneatpileofclothes.Aheapisusuallyuntidy,andoftenhastheshapeofahillormound.Now,thehouseisaheapofrubble.Astackisusuallytidy,andoftenconsistsofflatobjectsplaceddirectlyontopofeachother.…aneatstackofdishes.pile既可指整齊的一fi『也可指雜亂的一堆:aneatpileofclothes（整齊的一疊衣服兀heap通常指雜^的、常呈小山或土墩狀的一堆:Now,thehouseisaheapofrubble（現在,房子成了一堆瓦礫）.stack通常指整齊的、常是扁平物體會放在一E的一摞:aneatstackofdishes（整齊的一摞盤子）o“We’reuncoveringaboutonemajornewrecordeachmonth.”“我們每個月都會發現一個新的記錄”uncoverv.揭露，發現（隱秘之事）Ifyouuncoversomething,especiallysomethingthathasbeenkeptsecret,youdiscoverorfindoutaboutit.Auditors[lo:dit8（r）]saidtheyhaduncoveredevidenceoffraud...審計人員說他們已經發現了欺詐的證據Aspecificplottokillhimwasuncoveredinthepastcoupleofweeks.一個針對他的暗殺陰謀在過去幾周里被揭露了出來v.發現，發掘（地下埋藏之物）Whenpeoplewhoarediggingsomewhereuncoversomething,theyfindathingoraplacethathasbeenunderthegroundforalongtime.Archaeologists[ia:ki*Dlodsist]haveuncoveredan11,700-year-oldhuntingcampinAlaska[dll^skd].考古學家們在阿拉斯加發現了一個距今11,700年的狩獵營地v.揭開…的蓋子；除去…上的覆蓋物Touncoversomethingmeanstoremovesomethingthatiscoveringit.Whentheseedlings[isi:dlio]sprout[spraut],uncoverthetray[trei].秧苗發芽后，就把盤子上的蓋子拿掉Whenthefirstwoodanemones[Jnemoni]flowered,thedatesonwhichtheoaks[suk]burstintoleafandtherooksbegannesting.銀蓮花第一次開花的時間、橡樹抽芽的時間以及白嘴鴉開始筑巢的時間burstintoleaforflower（花、葉等）突然綻放，突然長出Whenplantsburstintoleaforflower,theirleavesorflowerssuddenlyopen.WRITTEN筆語...rowsofwallflowerspromisingtoburstintobloom.一排排桂竹香含苞待放SuccessiveEssk1sesiv]MarshamscontinuedcompilingEkam1pail]thesenotesfor211years.Marsham家族一代代的后人們搜集這些資料長達211年successiveadj.連續的;接連的;相繼的Successivemeanshappeningorexistingoneafteranotherwithoutabreak.Jacksonwasthewinnerforasecondsuccessiveyear...杰克遜已經是連續第二年獲勝了Britainwassufferingfromthefailureofsuccessivegovernmentstoco-ordinateanationaltransportpolicy.接連幾屆政府都沒能協調出一個全國性的交通運輸政策，英國因此而深受其苦SUC'CeS'SiveTiS/sak'sesiv/^^adjective[onlybeforenoun]Wordfamilycomingorfallowingoneaftertheother:Theteamhashadfivesuccessivevictories.由Successivegovernmentshsvetriedtodealwiththisissue.—successivelyadverbcompilev.匯編;編制;編纂Whenyoucompilesomethingsuchasareport,book,orprogramme,youproduceitbycollectingandputtingtogethermanypiecesofinformation.Councilswererequiredtocompilearegisterofalladultslivingintheirareas...各地政務委員會被要求編制一份該地區成年居民的名冊Thebooktook10yearstocompile...編這本書花了10年時間Com-Pile/kam'pail/^O,的verb[transitive]WordfamilyWorderiginVerbformtomakeabook,list,recordetc,usingdifferentpiecesCom-Pile/kam'pail/^O,的verb[transitive]WordfamilyWorderiginVerbformtomakeabook,list,recordetc,usingdifferentpiecesofinformation,musicetc—compilation:+ThedocumentwascompiledbytheDepartmentofHealthcompilesomethingfrom/forsomethiingThereportwascompiledfromasurveyof5f000households.technics!toputasetofinstructionsintoacomputerinaformthatitcanunderstandanduseB:Ecologistsinterestedinthetimingofbiologicaleventsorphenology[fs虹力誠到物候學研究生物自然現象時間或者生態生物學的生態學者們timingUn?時機掌握;時間選擇Timingistheskilloractionofjudgingtherightmomentinasituationoractivityatwhichtodosomething.Hisphotoisawonderfulhappymomentcaughtwithperfecttiming...他拍的照片時機掌握完美，記錄下了動人的快樂瞬間如果你時機把握得好，你會幸運地撞上某個鄉村節日Un.時間安排Timingisusedtorefertothetimeatwhichsomethinghappensorisplannedtohappen,ortothelengthoftimethatsomethingtakes.Thetimingoftheminister'svisit,however,couldsomewhatdetract[di'tr破kt]fromthegoodwillit'ssupposedtogenerate.但是，部長訪問的時間安排不當，可能會有損訪問的善意，使其不能得到有效傳達asmallbandofresearchers一小部分研究者Cn.-COLL（一）群；（一）幫；（一）伙AbandofpeopleisagroupofpeoplewhohavejoinedtogetherbecausetheyshareaninterestorbeliefasmallbutgrowingbandofJapanesecompaniestakingtheirfirststepsintoAmericanpublishing.數量不多、但仍在增長的一批初次涉足美國出版業的日本公司Andmoresystematicprojectshavealsostartedup,producinganoverwhelming[|duvd1welmzo]response.與此同時，更多系統性的工作也已經展開，并創造了驚人的成果overwhelmingadj?極強烈的；勢不可擋的；令人不知所措的Ifsomethingisoverwhelming,itaffectsyouverystrongly,andyoudonotknowhowtodealwithit.Thetaskwon'tfeelsooverwhelmingifyoubreakitdownintosmall,easy-to-accomplishsteps...如果將這個任務細分為簡單易行的若干步驟來做，便不會感到如此無所適從Shefeltanoverwhelmingdesiretohaveanotherchild.她一心想再要一個孩子adj.（數量）巨大的，壓倒性的Youcanuseoverwhelmingtoemphasizethatanamountorquantityismuchgreaterthanotheramountsorquantities.Theoverwhelmingmajorityofsmallbusinessesgobrokewithinthefirsttwenty-fourmonths...絕大多數小企業在頭兩年內就破產了“Theamountofinterestisalmostfrightening."“讓人感興趣的信息量簡直多得驚人！”Thenumberofyoungstersinvolvedincrimeisfrightening.年輕人犯罪的人數多得駭人theCenterforEcology[ilkoladsi]andHydrology[haildmledg]生態與水文研究中心C:Closet?klozit]phenologists”“櫥柜里的生態生物學家們”Henowspendsmuchofhistimefollowingleadsfromonehistoricaldatasettoanother.現在他把大量的時間用來追尋這些歷史數據，從一個材料到另一個材料3[singular]ifsomeonefallowssomeoneelse'slead,theydothesameastheotherpersonhasdone:*OthercountriesarelikelytofollowtheU.S.'slead.Asnewsofhisquest[kwest]spreads,peopletiphimofftootherhistoricalrecords,andmoreamateurphenologistscomeoutoftheirclosets.這個消息不脛而走，其他人也不斷給他提供一些類似材料的信息，越來越多的業余生態生物學家們也從他們的“櫥柜”中走了出來questCn.（長期艱難的）追求，探索，尋找Aquestisalonganddifficultsearchforsomething.Myquestforabetterbankcontinues.我繼續尋找一家更好的銀行...hisquesttofindtruelove...他對真愛的不懈追尋tipsomebodyoff給…通風報信;暗中告知Ifsomeonetipsyouoff,theygiveyouinformationaboutsomethingthathashappenedorisgoingtohappen.Gregtippedpoliceoffonhiscarphoneaboutasuspectdrunkdriver...格雷格用他的汽車電話向警方報告了一個有酒后駕駛嫌疑的司機HewasarrestedtwodayslaterafterafriendtippedofftheFBI.他的一個朋友給美國聯邦調查局報了信兩天以后他就被捕了tipsomebody<>offphrasalverbtogivesomeonesuchasthepoliceasecretwarningorpieceofinformation,especiallyaboutillegalactivities:哦Thepolicemusthavebeentippedoff.tipsomebodyoffthat哦Hiscontacthadtippedhimoffthatdrugswereonthepremises.tipsomebody<>offabout哦DidyoutiphimoffaboutBernard?magnolia[m^g1nsdia]tree木蘭花樹D:Otherresearchershaveunearthed[Anl3:6]datafromequallyoddsources.其他研究人員也從這類獨特的資源中發掘出了有價值的數據unearthv.發現；揭露Ifsomeoneunearthsfactsorevidenceaboutsomethingbad,theydiscoverthemwithdifficulty,usuallybecausetheywerebeingkeptsecretorwerebeingliedabout.Researchershaveuneartheddocumentsindicatingherresponsibilityfortheforcedadoptionofchildren...調查人員已經發現了證明她對強制收養兒童事件負有責任的文件ThefraudshavebeenunearthedbyinvestigatorsworkingfortheCamdenHealthAuthority.這些欺詐行為已被卡姆登衛生局的調查人員揭露了出來...theunearthingofaplottoassassinate[dls%smeit]thePresident.行刺總統的陰謀的曝光v.發掘，挖掘（埋藏物）Ifsomeoneunearthssomethingthatisburied,theyfinditbydiggingintheground.Fossilhuntershaveunearthedthebonesofanelephantbelievedtobe500,000yearsold.化石搜集者們發掘出了一具大象骨骼，據信距今已有50萬年...sayingthatthetreasurehadbeenunearthedonhisproperty...稱寶藏是在他家地里挖掘出來的Morehumanremainshavebeenunearthedinthenorth.北部又挖掘出了更多的人體遺骸v.找到，發現（隱藏或丟失之物）Ifyousaythatsomeonehasunearthedsomething,youmeanthattheyhavefounditafterithadbeenhiddenorlostforsometime.Fromsomewhere,hehadunearthedablacksilksuit...他不知從哪里找來了一套黑色的絲綢衣服TodayIunearthedacopyof'90Minutes'andhadachuckle]'tjRkl]atyourarticle.今天我找到了一期《90分鐘》雜志，讀了你的文章咯咯笑了半天Participantsattempttoguesstheexacttimeatwhichaspeciallyerected]!1rekt]woodentripod]1traipod]Cn?三腳架willfallthroughthesurfaceofathawing]。Oe]river.這長度賽事在正在融化的河面上搭建一種特殊的三腳架，參與者要猜出她倒在河面上的精確時間erectv建造;建筑;設置Ifpeopleerectsomethingsuchasabuilding,bridge,orbarrier,theybuilditorcreateit.FORMAL正式Opposition[|op8lziji]demonstratorshaveerectedbarricadesinroadsleadingtotheparliament]1paElement]building...反對派示威者已經在通往國會大廈的道路上設置了路障Thebuildingwaserectedin1900-1901...這座建筑建于1900到1901年間Weallunconsciouslyerectbarriersagainstintimacy]、ntimesi]Un..我們都會無意中對他人的親近、親密有所設防v建立（體制）;創建（機構）;創立（理論）Ifyouerectasystem,atheory,oraninstitution,youcreateit.Japaneseproprietors[pr』praieta（r）]areerectingacomplexinfrastructure[*infrsstrAktJS（r）]ofpoliticalinfluencethroughoutAmerica...日本商人、業主正在美國各地建立復雜的、具有政治影響力的基礎結構Heerectedanewdoctrine[*doktrm]ofprecedent^president]n..他創立了一套新的判例、先例、前例原則、信條、主義、學說、（尤指）宗教教義；（尤指政府外交政策的）正式聲明...thewholeedifice[1edfs]Cn.offreetradewhichhasbeenerectedsincetheSecondWorldWar.第二次世界大戰以來形成的整個自由貿易體系thaw▼.（冰雪等）融化，融解，解凍Whenice,snow,orsomethingelsethatisfrozenthaws,itmelts.It'ssocoldthesnowdoesn'tgetachancetothaw...天太冷了，雪根本化不了Thegroundhasthawed.地面解凍了Cn?（通常指冬末的）解凍時節，天氣回暖期Athawisaperiodofwarmerweatherwhensnowandicemelt,usuallyattheendofwinter.Weslogged[slog]throughthemud[mAd]ofanearlyspringthaw.我們在初春解凍時節的泥濘中艱難行進▼.（使）（冷凍食品）解凍，融化Whenyouthawfrozenfoodorwhenitthaws,youleaveitinaplacewhereitcanreachroomtemperaturesothatitisreadyforuse.Alwaysthawpastryppeistri]thoroughly[lGzreli]...每次都要保證油酥面團徹底解凍Thefoodinthefreezerhadthawedduringapowercut.冰箱里的食物在停電期間化開了Thawoutmeansthesameasthaw.IremembertothawoutthechickenbeforeIleavehome.我記著出門前把雞肉化開v.&Cn.（使）（關系）回暖，緩和，改善Ifsomethingthawsrelationsbetweenpeopleorifrelationsthaw,theybecomefriendlyagainafteraperiodofbeingunfriendly.Atleastthissecondmeetinghadhelpedtothawtheatmosphere...這第二次會議至少起到了緩和氣氛的作用IttookuptoChristmasforpoliticalrelationstothaw.直到圣誕節政治關系才有所改善Hisvisitisoneofthemoststrikingpstraiki^adj.resultsofthethawinrelationsbetweenEastandWest.他的訪問是東西方關系緩和的最突出的、引人注目的、異乎尋常的、顯著的成果之一ThecompetitionhastakenplaceannuallyontheTenanaRiverinAlaskasince1917,andanalysisoftheresultsshowedthatthethawnowarrivesfivedaysearlierthanitdidwhenthecontestbegan.在阿拉斯加Tenana河畔，這場比賽自1917年以來每年舉辦一屆，通過研究這一比賽的結果可以發現，現在這條河流開始融化的日期比比賽誕生時早了5天E:araft[ra:ft]Cn.ofnaturalevents很多自然現象theemergence[i'm3：d3€ns]Un.出現;興起ofbutterfliesfromhibernation蝴蝶羽化期emergencevsemergencyemergenceemergencyCn?緊急事件;意外事件；（尤指）事故Togetherwithmodelsofclimatechange,amateurs’recordscouldhelpguideconservation^konsa'veiji].業余愛好者們的記錄與氣候變化模型可以幫助指導環境保護conservationUn.（對環境的）保護Conservationissavingandprotectingtheenvironmentafour-nationregionalmeetingonelephantconservation.四國保護大象的地區性會議...tree-plantingandotherconservationprojects.植樹以及其他環保計劃Un?（對文物或藝術品的）保護Conservationissavingandprotectinghistoricalobjectsorworksofartsuchaspaintings,sculptures,orbuildings.Thenhebeganhismostfamouswork,theconservationandrebindingoftheBookofKells...之后他就開始了他最為出名的工作，即保護并重新裝訂《凱爾斯書》Un?節約;防止浪費Tjectsaimedatpromotingenergyconservation.旨在促進節約能源的計劃...rulesconcerningtheconservationoffisheryresources.有關保護漁業資源的規定TerryRoothascollectedbirdwatchers5countsofwildfowl[1waildfaul]Pn.takenbetween1995and1996onseasonalpondsintheAmericanMidwest.TerryRoot收集了1955年到1996年間鳥類觀察者在美國中西部季節性池塘中所做的野禽記錄、計數Heranalysisshowsthattheincreaseddroughts[draut]thatthemodelspredictcouldhalve[ha:v]thebreedingpopulationsattheponds.經他分析發現，未來干旱氣候將會增加，這一預測結果意味著池塘附近生物的繁殖量將會減半Halvev.把…減半;減到一半Whenyouhalvesomethingorwhenithalves,itisreducedtohalfitsprevioussizeoramount.DrLeebelievesthatmenwhoexercisecanhalvetheirriskofcancerofthecolon]'kdulen]...李醫生相信，鍛煉身體能使患結腸癌的風險降低一半Theworkforcehasbeenhalvedintwoyears...勞動力在兩年里減少了一半v將…對半分;把…二等分Ifyouhalvesomething,youdivideitintotwoequalparts.Halvethepineappleandscoopouttheinsidewithaspoon.將菠蘿對半切開，用勺子挖出里面的果肉thenumberofwaterfowl]1woztefaul]Cn.-COLL水禽數量F:anopensnowdrop]1sneudrop]雪花蓮的開放“Thebiggestconcernwithadhoc[i班d1hok]observationsishowcarefullyandsystematicallytheyweretaken.”“特殊觀察最重要的是如何細致并系統地進行”adhocadj.（形勢所需而）臨時安排的，特別的，專門的Anadhocactivityororganizationisdoneorformedonlybecauseasituationhasmadeitnecessaryandisnotplannedinadvance.TheCouncilmeetsonanadhocbasistodiscussproblems.議會臨時安排會議討論問題...adhoccommitteestoexaminespecificproblems.研究具體問題的專門委員會“Inotedwhentheleavescameout.”“我記錄了葉子掉落的時間”ifsomethingcomesout,itisremovedfromaplace:函Thesestainswillnevercomeout!ifaflowercomesout,itopens:*Thesnowdropswerejuststartingtocomeout.Measuringtheonset['onset]ofautumncanbeparticularlyproblematic]]proble'm蔬ti

k]becausedecidingwhenleaveschangecolorisamoresubjectiveEsab1dgektiv]processthannotingwhentheyappear.測量秋天的到來可能就很困難，因為確定葉子何時變黃比確定它什么時候發芽要主觀得多theonsetofSn.(尤指不快之事的)開始，開端，肇始Theonsetofsomethingisthebeginningofit,usedespeciallytorefertosomethingunpleasant.Mostofthepasseshavebeenclosedwiththeonsetofwinter...冬天來臨，大部分關口均已關閉Withtheonsetofwar,oilpricesclimbedpast$30abarrelpb^ral].戰爭一爆發，油價就攀過了每桶30美元G:“Theygetattherawpowerofscience:carefulobservationofthenaturalworld."“他們具有淳樸的科學力量：細致地觀察了自然世界”Buttheprofessionalsalsoacknowledge[ak1nolid^]theneedforcarefulqualitycontrol.但是專家們也清楚需要仔細考量記錄的質量W3professionalprofessional2皿四33,書日。noun[countable]Wordfamilysomeonewhoearnsmoneybydoingajob,sport,orW3professional2皿四33,書日。noun[countable]Wordfamilysomeonewhoearnsmoneybydoingajob,sport,oractivitythatmanyotherpeopledojustforfun—amateur:Hurdsignedasaprofessionalin1998.topsnookerprofessionalssomeonewhoworksinajobthatneedsspecialeducationandtraining,suchasadoctor,lawyer,orarchitect:healthprofessionals(=dactorsfnursesetc)someonewhohasalotofexperienceanddoessomethingveryskilfully:Yousinglike3realprofessional.tennis/golf/swimmingetcprofessionalsomeonewhoisverygoodatasportandisemployedbyaprivatedubtoteachitsmembersacknowledgeac-knowl-edge"STE!E133/Sknolid^$verb[transitive]MenuWordfamilyWeirdoriginVerbformtoadmitoracceptthatsomethingistrueorthat曰situationexists:Thefamilyacknowledgetheneedforchange.acknowledgethatHeacknowledgesthatwhenhe'stiredhegetsbad-tempered.Claireacknowledgedthdtshewasguilty.小Thegovernmentmustacknowledgewh^tishappeninganddosomething3boutit.■ti'Maybeyouareright,zsheacknowledged.Thisis3fsetthdtmostsmokersreadilyacknowledge.Root,forexample,triestogauge[geid3]thequalityofanamateurarchivepa:kaiv]byinterviewingitscollector.比如，Root就準備和記錄收集者進行面談，來檢測一份民間記錄的可靠性Verbfcirrntojudgehowpeoplefeelaboutsomethingorwhattheyarelikelytodogaugewhether/what/howetcItisdifficulttogaugewhattheotherparty'snext:movewillbe.IlookedatChris,tryingtogaugehisreaction.tomeasureorcalculatesomethingbyusingaparticularinstrumentormethod:Thethermostatwillgaugethetemperatureandcontroltheheat.archiveCn.檔案;史料;記錄;檔案館Thearchiveorarchivesareacollectionofdocumentsandrecordsthatcontainhistoricalinformation.YoucanalsousearchivestorefertotheplacewherearchivesarestoredthearchivesoftheImperialEim1piarial]WarMuseum...帝國戰爭博物館里的檔案IdecidedIwouldgototheArchivethenextdayandlookuptheappropriateissue.我決定第二天去檔案館查找對應的問題“Youalwayshavetoworry—thingsastrivial[1trivial]asvacationscanaffectmeasurement.Idisregard]]disri1ga:d]alotofrecordsbecausethey’renotrigorousprigaras]enough.”“你總是會擔心一一諸如度假之類的瑣碎事情都會影響數據的準確性，我之所以有很多記錄不采用，就是因為它們不夠準確”trivialadj?瑣碎的;不重要的;微不足道的Ifyoudescribesomethingastrivial,youthinkthatitisunimportantandnotserious.Thedirectortriedtowaveasidetheseissuesastrivialdetailsthatcouldbesettledlater...主管試圖對這些問題置之不理，認為都是些細枝末節的小事，可以稍后解決Idon'tliketovisitthedoctorjustforsomethingtrivial.我不喜歡為一點小毛病就去看醫生THESAURUSunimportcintnotimportant:Theexactdetailsareunimportant.\Girls'educationwasseenasunimportant:.ofno/littieimportcincenotimportant,ornotveryimportant.Thesephrasessoundalittlemoreformalthanunimportant:Ifyou'recapableofdoingthejob,yourageisofnoimportance.\Itrsoflittleimportancewhetherornotthisstoryistrue.minorsmallandnotverylikelytohaveanimportanteffect-usedespeciallyaboutchanges,problems^injunesfdamage,ordifferences:Irvemadeafewminorchanges.\Thedriversufferedminorinjuries.\Thesearejustminorproblems.trivialveryunimportantandnotworthworryingaboutorspendingtimeon:Theyhadadisagreementaboutsometrivialmatter.\Shetendstogetupsetabouttrivialthings.insignificantverysmallandunimportant,especiallywhencomparedtootherthings:Herownproblemsseemedinsignficant.\Theamountofcarbontheyproduceisrelativelyinsignificant.negligibleextremelysmallandnotimportant-usedespeciallyabouteffects,amounts,differences,orrisks:Sofarftheprogramhashadanegligibleeffect.\Thedifferenceinpriceisnegligible.secondarynotasimportantassomethingelse:Theseissuesareofsecondaryimpottance.|Formanywomen,acareerissecondarytobeingmother.disregardv.&Un不理會;不顧;漠視Ifyoudisregardsomething,youignoreitordonottakeaccountofit.dis-re-gard1/.disn'gazd$-a:rd/^>）5verb[transitive]Verbformtoignoresomethingortreatitasunimportant:Heorderedthejurytodisregardthewitnesseslast:statement.由Marktotallydisregardedmyadvice.disregard2noun[singular,uncountable]whensomeoneignoressomethingthattheyshouldnotignoredisregardfor/of由hisdisregardforherfeelingstotal/reckless/complete/flagrantetcdisregard<9Localcouncillorsaccusedtheterroristsofshowingacompletedisregardforhumanlife.indisregardofsomethingHesaidthebombingwasincompletedisregardoftheGenevaConvention.rigorousadj,（測試、系統或程序）嚴格的，嚴密的，縝密的Atest,system,orprocedurethatisrigorousisverythoroughandstrict.Theselectionprocessisbasedonrigoroustestsofcompetenceandexperience.選拔過程是基于對能力和經驗的嚴格測試...arigoroussystemofbloodanalysis.縝密的血液分析系統...rigorousmilitarytraining.嚴格的軍事訓練rigorously...rigorouslyconductedresearch.嚴格進行的研究adj.一絲不茍的;嚴格的;謹慎的Ifsomeoneisrigorousinthewaythattheydosomething,theyareverycarefulandthorough.Heisrigorousinhiscontrolofexpenditure.他對支出控制得非常嚴格Therightstatisticscanironpaien]outsomeoftheproblemswithamateurdata.正確的統計數據可以消除民間記錄的一些問題ironout解決;消除Ifyouironoutdifficulties,youresolvethemandbringthemtoanend.Itwasinthebeginning,whenwewerestillironingoutproblems...那是在剛開始，我們還在著力解決問題。Thevariousgroupshadnowmanagedtoironouttheirdifferences.各團體現在已努力消除了彼此間的分歧createstandardized['stsndedaizd]recordingschemesforfutureefforts為未來數據記錄創建標準化的記錄方案Theyhopethatwell-designedstudieswillgenerateavolume。vdju:m]ofobservationslargeenoughtodrown[draun]outtheidiosyncrasiesEiidis1sigkrssi]ofindividualrecorders.他們希望設計出好的研究方法并能在大部分觀察數據中推廣這些方法，從而消除個人記錄者們記錄方法上的差別drownoutv?（把…）淹死，溺死Whensomeonedrownsorisdrowned,theydiebecausetheyhavegoneorbeenpushedunderwaterandcannotbreathe.Achildcandrowninonlyafewinchesofwater...兒童在只有幾英寸深的水中就可能溺亡Lastnightaboywasdrownedintheriver...昨晚一名男孩在河里溺亡Hewalkedintotheseaanddrownedhimself...他投海自殺了Dolphinshavesometimesbeenknowntosavedrowningswimmers.據悉海豚有時會救溺水的游泳者v淹沒（于…中）；置身（于…中）Ifyousaythatapersonorthingisdrowninginsomething,youareemphasizingthattheyhaveaverylargeamountofit,orarecompletelycoveredinit.Weweredrowningindatabutstarvedofinformation.我們淹沒在大量的數據中卻找不到、極其缺乏、迫切需要有用的信息...peoplewhograduallyfindthemselvesdrowningindebt...漸漸發現自己債臺高筑的人們Thepotatoesweredrownedinchilli.馬鈴薯完全被辣椒蓋住了v益過，淹沒（聲音）Ifsomethingdrownsasound,itissoloudthatyoucannothearthatsoundproperly.Clappingdrownedthespeaker'swordsforamoment...鼓掌聲一度淹沒了發言人的聲音Theconversationwasdrownedbythearrivalofthetaxi.到來的出租車的聲音壓過了談話的聲音Drownoutmeansthesameasdrown.Theircheersdrownedouttheprotestsofdemonstrators...他們的歡呼聲蓋過了示威者的抗議聲Hervoicewasdrownedoutbyaloudcrash.她的聲音被一聲響亮的撞擊聲所淹沒drownone’ssorrows^sorsu]借酒澆愁Ifyousaythatsomeoneisdrowningtheirsorrows,youmeanthattheyaredrinkingalcoholinordertoforgetsomethingsadorupsettingthathashappenedtothem.drown/draun/^>)■<>)verbWordoriginVerbform[intransitiveandtransitive]todiefrombeingunderwaterfortoolong,artokillsomeoneinthisway:+Manypeopledrownedwhentheboatoverturned.Janewasdrownedintheriver.drownyourselfDepressedfPetertriedtodrownhimself.(alsodrownout)[transitive]ifaloudnoisedrownsoutanothersound,itpreventsitfrombeingheard:Atrainblewitswhistleanddrownedhisvoice.Thenoiseofthebattlewasdrownedoutbyhisaircraft:rsengine.[transitive]tocoversomething^especiallyfood,withmoreliquidthanisnecessaryarnicedrownsomethinginsomethingThefishwasdrownedinarichssuce.[intransitiveandtransitive]tohaveaverystrongfeelingoraseriousproblemthatisdifficulttodealwithdrowninReliefagenciesaredrowninginfrustration.Thecountryisdrowningindebt,drownyoursorrowstcdrinkalotofalcoholinordertoforgetyourproblemsidiosyncrasyn?(個人特有的)癖好，嗜好;(物品的)特色，特點Ifyoutalkabouttheidiosyncrasiesofsomeoneorsomething,youarereferringtotheirratherunusualhabitsorcharacteristics.Everyonehasafewlittleidiosyncrasies...每個人都有點小嗜好Thebikehasstyle,ithaslooks,ithasitslittleidiosyncrasies...這輛自行車品質一流，外觀漂亮，有一些細節之處與眾不同Thebookisagem[d3em]ofVictorianEvik1tozrisn]idiosyncrasy.這本書展現了維多利亞時代特色的精華Thedataarecheaptocollect,andcanprovidebreadth[bred0]inspace,timeandrangeofspecies.這些數據收集起來成本低廉，卻能夠提供空間、時間、物種范圍等廣泛的資料breadthUn?寬度Thebreadthofsomethingisthedistancebetweenitstwosides.Thebreadthofthewholecampwas400paces.整個營地的寬度為400步Un?廣度；廣泛性Thebreadthofsomethingisitsqualityofconsistingoforinvolvingmanydifferentthings.Olderpeoplehaveatremendousbreadthofexperience...年長者閱歷相當豐富Hisbreadthofknowledgefilledmewithadmiration.他學識淵博，令我非常欽佩Weneedtoprovidemorebreadthinthecollegecurriculum.thelengthandbreadthofthearea/country/landetc.到處；處處Ifyousaythatsomeonedoessomethingorsomethinghappensthroughoutoracrossthelengthandbreadthofaplace,youareemphasizingthatithappenseverywhereinthatplace.ThegroupbuilttheirreputationbyplayingacrossthelengthandbreadthofNorthAmerica...這個樂隊通過到北美各地演出打響了知名度ShehastravelledthelengthandbreadthofBritain.她游歷了英國各地“It’sverydifficulttocollectdataonalargegeographicalscalewithoutenlistingEm1list]anarmyofobservers."“沒有觀察者們的幫助，在廣大的地理范圍內收集數據是非常困難的”enlistv.（使）參軍;（使）入伍Ifsomeoneenlistsorisenlisted,theyjointhearmy,navy,marines,orairforce.MichaelHughesofLackawanna,Pennsylvania,enlistedinthe82ndAirborne20yearsago...來自賓夕法尼亞州拉克萬納的邁克爾.休斯20年前參軍，在第82空降師服役HeenlistedasaprivateintheMexicanWar...在墨西哥戰爭中他參軍成為一名二等兵Threethousandmenwereenlisted...3,000名男子應征入伍Hedecidedtoenlist.他決定參軍vt.取得，贏得（幫助）Ifyouenlistthehelpofsomeone,youpersuadethemtohelporsupportyouindoingsomething.Ihadtocutdownatreeandenlistthehelpofsevenneighbourstogetitoutofthegarden!...我不得不砍掉一棵樹，并叫來7位鄰居幫忙把樹抬出花園！I'vereadthatyou'veenlistedsome12-year-oldstohelpoutinyourcampaign...我讀到你讓一些12歲的孩子在宣傳活動中做幫手Theprincehasalsoenlistedhistwodaughtersintheefforttoavoidthepress.親王還借助他的兩個女兒來躲避媒體anarmyofCn.-COLL大批;大群Anarmyofpeople,animals,orthingsisalargenumberofthem,especiallywhentheyareregardedasaforceofsomekinddatacollectedbyanarmyofvolunteers.由大批志愿者收集的資料...armiesofshopperslookingforbargains.成群的尋找便宜貨的購物者...thearmyoftelevisioncamerasoutsidehishouse.裝在他家外面的大量的電視攝像機H:Phenologyalsohelpstodrivehomemessagesaboutclimatechange.生態生物學也能幫助公眾理解氣候變化方面的信息ratinfestations[|infe'steiji]鼠災cockroachinfestation蟑螂成災in-fest/m'fest/日。verb[transitiveusuallypassive]WordoriginVerbformifinsects,ratse