1.Whichquestionnolongerconcernsthemodernsoftwareengineer （a）現如今的軟件工程師不再考慮以下哪個問題a.Whydoescomputerhardwarecostsomuch計算機硬件為什么如此昂貴b.Whydoessoftwaretakealongtimetofinishc.Whydoesitcostsomuchtodevelopapieceofsoftwared.Whycan'tsoftwareerrorsberemovedfromproductspriortodelivery2.Softwaredeterioratesratherthanwearsoutbecause（c）軟件通常是變壞而不是磨損的原因是a.Softwaresuffersfromexposuretohostileenvironmentsb.Defectsaremorelikelytoariseaftersoftwarehasbeenusedoftenc.Multiplechangerequestsintroduceerrorsincomponentinteractions在組件交互中需求發生變化導致錯誤d.Softwaresparepartsbecomehardertoorder3.Mostsoftwarecontinuestobecustombuiltbecause （d）大多數軟件產品是定制的原因是a.Componentreuseiscommoninthesoftwareworldb.Reusablecomponentsaretooexpensivetousec.Softwareiseasiertobuildwithoutusingsomeoneelse'scomponents.d.Offtheshelfsoftwarecomponentsarenotcommonlyavailable 現成的軟件組件不常用4.Thenatureofsoftwareapplicationscanbecharacterizedbytheirinformation （d）軟件應用的本質可以被特色化，通過他們信息的complexitycontent內容determinacy（確定性）choices"b"and"c"5.Addingmorepeopletoaprojectthatisalreadybehindscheduleisagoodwaytocatchup.F）添加更多的人到一個項目，已經落后于時間表是趕上一個很好的方式6.Changecannotbeeasilyaccommodated inmostsoftware systems,unlessasystemwasdesignedwithchangeinmind.（T）需求變化不適應于大多數的軟件系統，除非軟件在設計之初便考慮了變化因素7.Whichoftheitemslistedbelowisnotoneofthesoftwareengineeringlayers （b）下面列出的項目是不是一個軟件工程的層ProcessManufacturing制造業MethodsTools8.Whatarethethreegenericphasesofsoftwareengineering （a）軟件工程的三個一般的階段是a.definition,development,support定義階段、開發階段、維護階段b.what,how,gramming,debugging,maintenanced.analysis,design,testing9.WhichofthesetermsisalevelnameintheCapabilityMaturityModel （b）a.Adhocb.Repeatable 可重復的ReusableOrganized10.Thelinearsequentialmodelofsoftwaredevelopmentis （a）軟件開發中的線性模型是a.Areasonableapproachwhenrequirementsarewelldefined.當需求被良好定義時的合理開發方式。b.Agoodapproachwhenaworkingprogramisrequiredquickly.c.Thebestapproachtouseforprojectswithlargedevelopmentteams.d.Atotypingmodelofsoftwaredevelopmentis（b）軟件開發中的原型模型是a.Areasonableapproachwhenrequirementsarewelldefined.b.Ausefulapproachwhenacustomercannotdefinerequirementsclearly.當客戶無法清晰定義需求時的有效開發方式c.Thebestapproachtouseforprojectswithlargedevelopmentteams.d.Ariskymodelthatrarelyproducesameaningfulproduct.6.Therapidapplicationdevelopmentmodelis（c）快速開發模型是a.Anothernameforcomponent-baseddevelopment.b.Ausefulapproachwhenacustomercannotdefinerequirementsclearly.c.Ahighspeedadaptationofthelinearsequentialmodel.線性順序模型的高速適應方式d.Alloftheabove.7.Theincrementalmodelofsoftwaredevelopmentis（b）軟件開發中的增量模型是a.Areasonableapproachwhenrequirementsarewelldefined.b.Agoodapproachwhenaworkingcoreproductisrequiredquickly.當核心產品需要被迅速開發時的良好開發方式c.Thebestapproachtouseforprojectswithlargedevelopmentteams.d.Arevolutionarymodelthatisnotusedforcommercialproducts.Thespiralmodelofsoftwaredevelopment（c）螺旋開發模型EndswiththedeliveryofthesoftwareproductIsmorechaoticthantheincrementalmodelc.Includesprojectrisksevaluationduringeachiteration在每個迭代中都包括項目風險評估d.Alloftheabove1.Oneofthemostdifficultpartsofsoftwarerequirementsanalysisisensuringthedeveloperunderstandsthecustomer'sneeds.（T）軟件需求分析中最困難的部分之一是確保開發人員了解客戶的需求。2.WhichofthesepeoplewouldnotbelikelytopartoftheFASTteam （a）a.softwareengineersb.developingrepresentativec.marketingrepresentativesd.seniorfinancialofficers3.Whichoftheserequirementsarenotconsideredduringqualityfunctiondeployment(QFD)（a）a.excitingrequirementsb.expectedrequirementc.normalrequirementsd.technologyrequirements4.Informationflowrepresentsthemannerinwhichdataandcontrol

（b）信息流表示其中數據及控制以這樣的方式a.arerelatedtooneanother.b.changeaseachmovesthroughthesystem. 轉變為整個系統的每個動作。c.willbeimplementedinthefinaldesign.d.noneoftheabove.5.Inthecontextofrequirementsanalysis,twotypesofproblempartitioningare

（a）在需求分析的背景下，兩種類型的問題劃分為a.bottom-upandtop-downb.horizontalandverticalc.subordinateandsuperordinated.noneoftheabove6. Whichviewshouldbeconsiderdfirstduringsoftwarerequirementsanalysis

（c）在軟件需求分析中哪個看法首先應該考慮的a.actorviewb.dataviewc.essentialviewd.implementationview7.Whichofthefollowingisnotaprinciplethatshouldbefollowedwhencreatingaspecification以下哪一項不是必須建立一個規范時，應遵循一個原則（a.createacognitivemodelratherthanadesignmodel

b）b.makesurethespecificationdotsevery"i"andcrossesevery"t"c.Establishthecontextinwhichsoftwareoperatesd.separatefunctionalityfromimplementation8.Whichofthefollowingisnotaguidelineforrepresentingrequirements （d）a.diagramsshouldberestrictedinnumberandconsistentinuseb.representationformatandcontentshouldberelevanttothecontentc.representationsshouldberevisabled.usenomorethan7plusorminus2colorsinanydiagrams1.Thestatetransitiondiagram（d）狀態轉換圖a.depictsrelationshipsbetweendataobjectsb.depictsfunctionsthattransformthedataflowc.indicateshowdataaretransformedbythesystemd.indicatessystemreactionstoexternalevents用于顯示系統反應外部事件2.Thedatamodelconsistsofthreepiecesofinterrelatedinformation（d）attributesdataobjectsrelationshipsalloftheabove3.Therelationshipsshowninadatamodelmustbeclassifiedtoshowtheir （c）在一個數據模型中顯示的關系必須被分類，以顯示他們的a.Widthanddepthb.Directionalityandreliabilityc.cardinalityandmodality 基數和方式babilityandrisk4.Forpurposesofbehaviormodelingastateisany （c）對于行為建模的目的，一個狀態是任何a.consumerorproducerofdata.b.dataobjecthierarchy.c.observablemodeofbehavior. 觀察到的行為模式d.welldefinedprocess.5.Thedatadictionarycontainsdescriptionsofeachsoftware （b）數據字典包含了每個軟件的說明a.configurationitemb.dataobject 數據對象diagramnotationThedataflowdiagrammustbeaugmentedbydescriptivetextinordertodescribethefunctionalrequirementsforasoftwareproduct. （T）數據流圖必須通過描述性文本以描述為一個軟件產品的功能性要求進行擴充。1.Whichofthefollowingisnotanareaofconcerninthedesignmodel（d）以下哪一項不是在設計模式關注的一個區域architecturedatainterfacesprojectscope項目范圍2.Theimportanceofsoftwaredesigncanbesummarizedinasingleword （d）軟件設計的重要性，可以歸納為一個字plexityc.efficiencyd.quality 質量3.Whichoftheseisacharacteristicofagooddesign

（b）哪一個良好的設計特點a.exhibitsstrongcouplingbetweenitsmodulesb.implementsallrequirementsintheanalysismodelc.includestestcasesforallcomponentsd.incorporatessourcecodefordescriptivepurposes5.Thecontrolhierarchyrepresentsthe （b）

實現在分析模型中的所有規定控制層次代表了anizationofmodulesc.repetitionofoperationsd.sequenceofprocesses

組織模塊6.Softwareprocedurefocusesonthe（c）軟件過程關注于cessingdetailsofeachthesetofmodulescollectively.

每個處理的細節的模塊集合統稱d.relationshipbetweencontrolandprocedure.7Toachievehighmodularityofsoftwarecomponentsyouneed

（C）為了達到你需要的軟件組件的高度模塊化a.highcouplingandhighcohesionb.highcouplingandlowcohesionc.lowcouplingandhighcohesion 低耦合和高聚合d.lowcouplingandlowcohesion8.Cohesionisaqualitativeindicationofthedegreetowhichamodule

（b）凝聚力是在何種程度上一個模塊的定性指示a.canbewrittenmorecompactly.b.focusesonjustonething. 專注于一件事c.isabletocompleteitsfunctioninatimelymanner.d.isconnectedtoothermodulesandtheoutsideworld.9.Couplingisaqualitativeindicationofthedegreetowhichamodule

（d）耦合是一個模塊在何種程度上定性指標a.canbewrittenmorecompactly.b.focusesonjustonething.c.isabletocompleteitsfunctioninatimelymanner.d.isconnectedtoothermodulesandtheoutsideworld.1.Intransactionmappingthefirstlevelfactoringresultsinthe

連接到其他的模塊和外界（c）在事務處理映射的第一層因子分解結果在a.creationofaCFDb.derivationofthecontrolhierarchyc.distributionofworkermodulesd.refinementofthemoduleview

職工的模塊分布2.Anecessarysupplementtotransformortransactionmappingneededtocreateacompletearchitecturaldesignis（c）一個必要的補充，改造或交易映射需要建立一個完整的體系結構設計cessingnarrativesforeachmodule每個模塊的處理敘述d.testcasesforeachmodule1.Whichofthefollowinginterfacedesignprinciplesdoesnotallowtheusertoremainincontroloftheinteractionwithacomputer（d）以下哪項界面設計原則不允許用戶保持與計算機的交互控制a.allowinteractiontointerruptibleb.allowinteractiontobeundoablec.hidetechnicalinternalsfromcasualusersd.onlyprovideonerigidlydefinedmethodforaccomplishingatask只為完成任務提供1個嚴格的定義方法2.Whichofthefollowinginterfacedesignprinciplesreducetheuser'smemoryload （d）以下哪項界面設計原則減少用戶的記憶負擔a.defineintuitiveshortcuts 定義直觀的快捷鍵b.discloseinformationinaprogressive以循序漸進的信息公開c.establishmeaningfuldefaults 建立有意義的默認值d.alloftheabove3.Interfaceconsistencyimpliesthat （a）接口的一致性意味著a.inputmechanismsremainthesamethroughouttheapplication整個應用程序輸入的機制保持不變b.eachapplicationshouldhaveitsowndistinctivelookandfeelc.applicationmethodsarecontextsensitived.answersaandb4.theimplementersofthesystemcreatea（c）a.designmodelb.usermodelc.systemimage 系統映像d.systemperception5.Thefollowingcommondesignissuessurfaceforalmosteveryuserinterface:

（b）以下常見的設計問題的表面，幾乎每一個用戶界面：a.adaptiveuserprofilesandfunctionalshortcutsb.errorhandlingandsystemresponsetime 錯誤處理和系統響應時間c.resolutionofgraphicsdisplaysanddesignoficonsd.noneoftheabove1.Whichofthefollowingisnotafundamentalstructuredprogrammingconstruct

（a）下列哪項不是一個根本性的結構化編程結構a.recursion(遞歸)b.conditionc.repetitiond.sequence2.Whichoftheseisagraphicalnotationfordepictingproceduraldetail

（a）哪一項是描繪程序細節的圖形表示法a.dataflowdiagram 數據流程圖b.decisiontablec.ERdiagramd.graphmatrix3.Ingeneral,boxdiagramsandflowchartsshould

（a）一般來說，盒圖和流程圖應該是（）a.beusedinplaceofprogrammingdesignlanguagesb.beusedtodocumenttheentiredesignornotatallc.onlybeusedtodocumentorevaluatedesigninspecificinstancesd.noneoftheaboveAdecisiontableshouldbeused（d）應該使用決策表todocumentallconditionalstatementstoguidethedevelopmentoftheprojectmanagementplanonlywhenbuildinganexpertsystemwhenacomplexsetofconditionsandactionsappearsinacomponent當一個復雜的條件和行動出現在一個組件5.Aprogramdesignlanguage(PDL)isoftena（d）程序設計語言（ PDL）往往是一個a.usefulwaytorepresentsoftwarearchitectureb.legitimate(合理的)binationofprogrammingconstructsandnarrativetext 程序結構與敘事文本的結合1.Whichoftheseareobjectivesforsoftwaretesting （d）這些軟件測試的目標是什么a.determinetheproductivityofprogrammersb.eliminatetheneedforfutureprogrammaintenancec.eliminateeveryerrorpriortoreleased.uncoversoftwareerrors 發現軟件錯誤Whattypesoferrorsaremissedbyblack-boxtestingandcanbeuncoveredbywhite-boxtesting（b）黑盒測試中的錯誤是什么類型的，可以通過白盒測試來發現a.behavioralerrorsb.subtlelogicerrors 微妙的邏輯錯誤c.performanceerrorsd.inputerrorThecyclomaticcomplexitymetricprovidesthedesignerwithinformationregardingthenumberof（c）圈復雜度度量提供設計師的一些信息cyclesintheprogramerrorsintheprogramc.independentlogicpathsintheprogram 程序中的獨立邏輯路徑d.statementsintheprogram4.Black-boxtestingattemptstofinderrorsinwhichofthefollowingcategories （a）erfaceerrorsc.performanceerrorsd.alloftheabove1.Whatisthenormalorderofactivitiesinwhichsoftwaretestingisorganized （a）活動中，軟件測試組織的正常秩序是什么a.unit,integration,system,validation 單元，集成，系統，驗證b.system,integration,unit,validationc.unit,integration,validation,systemd.noneoftheabove2.Top-downintegrationtestinghasasit'smajoradvantagethat （b）a.lowlevelmodulesneverneedtestingb.majordecisionpointsaretestedearly 主要的決策點是早試驗c.nostubsneedtobewrittend.noneoftheabove3.Bottom-upintegrationtestinghasasit'smajoradvantage that （c）自下而上的整合測試，作為它的主要優勢a.majordecisionpointsaretestedearlyb.nodriversneedtobewrittenc.nostubsneedtobewrittend.regressiontestingisnotrequired4.Whichofthefollowingisanapproachtodebugging （d）以下哪一項是方法調試a.backtracking回溯算法b.bruteforce 暴力破解c.causeelimination 消除原因d.alloftheabove1.Thewaterfallmodelofsoftwaredevelopmentisalsoknownasthe(a)瀑布模型的軟件開發也被稱為A.Classicallifecyclemodel古典生命周期模型B.FountainmodelC.SpiralmodelD.Chaosmodel.2.Theincrementalmodelofsoftwaredevelopmentis( B) 增量的軟件開發模型是A.Areasonableapproachwhenrequirementsarewelldefined.B.Agoodapproachwhenaworkingcoreproductisrequiredquickly.一種好方法，當一個工作核心產品時需要快速C.Thebestapproachtouseforprojectswithlargedevelopmentteams.D.Arevolutionarymodelthatisnotusedforcommercialproducts.Theprocessofestablishingtheservicesthatthecustomerrequiresfromconstraintsunderwhichitoperatesandisdeveloped.TherequirementsthemselvesarethedescriptionsofthesystemservicesandDeliversoftware thatmeetsthecustomer’sexpectations.1.Whatissoftware

asystemandtheconstraintsthatareInstructions、datastructuresanddocuments.指令、數據結構和文檔Computerprogramsandassociateddocumentation.計算機程序和相關文檔。2.Howdosoftwarecharacteristicsdifferfromhardwarecharacteristics軟件特性如何與硬件特性不同Softwareisdeveloped,notmanufactured. 軟件開發，而不是制造。Mostsoftwareiscustombuilt.大多數軟件都是定制的。3.Whatdopeoplemeanbytheexpression"softwarecrisis"“軟件危機”表達的意思是什么意思Someproblemsencounteredinthedevelopmentandmaintenanceofcomputersoftware.在計算機軟件的開發和維護中遇到的一些問題。4.Whatmythsaboutsoftwarestillexist軟件還存在什么誤區managementmyths管理誤區customermyths 客戶誤區practitioner'smyths 從業者的誤區1.Whatarethethreegenericphasesofsoftwareengineering什么是軟件工程的三個通用階段(1)Definitionphase 定義階段Developmentphase發展階段Supportphase支持階段arethenamesofthefivelevelsoftheSEICapabilityMaturityModelLevel2-repeatablelevel可重復級Level3-definedlevel級別定義Level4-managedlevel管理水平Level5-optimizinglevel優化級別3.Describethephasesoftheprototypingmodelforsoftwaredevelopment.描述原型模型的軟件開發的階段tocustomer聽聽客戶mock-up建立實體模型test-drivesmock-up客戶試車模擬4.Whyareevolutionarymodelsconsideredbymanytobethebestapproachtosoftwaredevelopment為什么進化模型被許多人認為是軟件開發的最佳方法most importantly,reflectswhatreallyhappenswhencomplexsystemsarebuilt.最重要的是，反映的是真實發生的，復雜的系統建設1. Whatarethefivephasesofsoftwarerequirementsanalysis什么是軟件需求分析的五個階段Problemrecognition問題識別Evaluationandsynthesis評價和合成Modeling建模Specification規格Review審查1.Whatarethreeprimaryobjectivesoftheanalysismodel什么是三個主要目標的分析模型todescribewhatthecustomerrequires 來描述客戶的要求toestablishabasisforthecreationofasoftwaredesign建立軟件設計創作的基礎todefineasetofrequirementsthatcanbevalidatedoncethesoftwareisbuilt定義一組一旦建立了該軟件，則可以進行驗證的要求2. Whatarethedatamodelingelementsrepresentedintheentityrelationshipdiagram(ERD)代表的實體關系圖 (ERD)中的數據建模元素有哪些Dataobjects-anyentityproducingorconsuminginformation數據對象-任何實體生產或消費信息Attributes-datacharacteristicsassociatedwithadataobjectinstance屬性--與一個數據對象實例相關聯的數據特性Relationships-indicatemannerinwhichdataobjectsareconnected關系的表示的方式中，數據連接對象2. Listthreecharacteristicsthatcanserveasaguidetoevaluatedesignquality.列出可以作為指南設計質量評價的三個特點。Thedesignmustimplementalloftheexplicitrequirem