第35講-閱讀理解課件1答題技巧指導1答題技巧指導?1.猜詞析義題此類試題測試考生根據上下文理解推測并判斷該詞或句子在文章中的確切含義的能力。?1.猜詞析義題猜詞析義題的解題技巧為：(1)判斷某些生詞有沒有猜測的必要。(2)根據定義、解釋來猜測。如：Acalendarisatimetableofthedays，weeks，monthsofacertainyear.從所下的定義atimetableofthedays，weeks，monthsofacertainyear中可以猜出calendar的意思為“日歷”。猜詞析義題的解題技巧為：(3)根據構詞法，派生、合成、轉化來猜測。如：Whenawisepersonmisuseshiswisdom，hewilldoagreatharmtosociety.我們都知道use的意思是“使用”，mis-是否定前綴，所以可猜出該詞的意思為“誤用”。(3)根據構詞法，派生、合成、轉化來猜測。(4)根據同義詞、反義詞關系或對比、轉折關系來猜測。如：Unlikehisbrother，whoisahandsomeman，Johnisquitehomely.從unlike可看出John和他哥哥(弟弟)正好相反，他哥哥(弟弟)是用handsome來形容的，由此可猜出homely的意思是“不好看的”。(4)根據同義詞、反義詞關系或對比、轉折關系來猜測。(5)根據同位語關系來猜測。如：AlexanderGrahamBellwasbornin1847inEdinburgh，Scotland.Hisfatherisanexpertinphonetics，thestudyofthesoundsoflanguage.由phonetics的同位語從句thestudyofthesoundsoflanguage可猜出該詞的意思為“語音學”。(5)根據同位語關系來猜測。(6)根據因果關系來猜測。如：Shefeltgrieved，forherparentsbothdiedweeksago.由該詞后的原因狀語從句forherparentsbothdiedweeksago可猜出該詞的意思為“悲痛的”。(6)根據因果關系來猜測。(7)根據上下文線索猜測。如：Thelackofmovementcausedthemuscles(肌肉)toweaken.Sometimestheweaknesswaspermanent.Sotheplayercouldneverplaythesportagain.由上文Thelackofmovementcausedthemusclestoweaken知道是：運動的缺乏導致肌肉萎縮，以及下文Sotheplayercouldneverplaythesportagain知道：這位運動員再也無法做運動了，可以猜出permanent的意思為“永久的，永恒的”。(7)根據上下文線索猜測。(8)根據生活常識和經驗來猜測。如：Inolddays，whengirlsfromrichfamiliesweremarriedtotheirhusbands，theyexpectedtobringwiththemselveswithalargeamountofdowry.上文提到了girlsfromrichfamiliesweremarriedtotheirhusbands來自富有家庭的女孩要出嫁，可猜出她們當然希望帶上大量的“嫁妝”。(8)根據生活常識和經驗來猜測。?2.細節理解題此類題就是我們常見的wh-題，有些問題可以在文中直接找到答案，有些則需要我們在理解的基礎上將有關內容系統化理解后才能找到，比如說通過計算、排序、是非判斷、圖形比較等。具體方法為：先用尋讀法找出與問題相關的詞語或句子，再對相關的部分進行細讀，找出正確答案。?2.細節理解題細節理解題的解題技巧為：(1)直接事實題：解答此類問題時要求抓住題干文字信息，采用針對性方法進行閱讀，因為這類題的答案在文章中可以直接找到。(2)間接事實題：解答此類題需要結合上下文提供的語境和信息進行簡單的概括和判斷，梳理一下文章的脈絡，找出支持每個現象的句子。所以做間接事實題時，A、B、C、D四個選項要全看。細節理解題的解題技巧為：通常以下列形式出現：①WhichofthefollowingisTRUE？②WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrue？③WhichofthefollowingisWRONG？④Fromthepassageweknow

.通常以下列形式出現：?3.推理判斷題此類題要求考生透過表面文字信息去推測文章隱含的意義，檢測考生的邏輯判斷能力。考生要領會材料的抽象含義以及全篇的邏輯關系，并根據常識，或者依靠推理、判斷得出結論。通常以這樣的形式出現：Whatcanyouinferfromthepassage？?3.推理判斷題推理判斷題的解題技巧為：(1)推斷題最主要的方法是根據詞義關系推斷具體細節，要對文字的表面信息進行分析、挖掘和邏輯推理，不能就事論事、以偏概全。(2)根據文章的內容，進行合理地判斷，切忌根據自己的觀點或已有的經驗去揣測。(3)把握作者的觀點、態度或寫作的目的，借助上下文，領會“弦外之音”，避免“自己想當然”。推理判斷題的解題技巧為：?4.主旨大意題此類題用來檢測考生是否擁有掌握閱讀材料的主旨或大意的能力。通常以下列形式出現：①Themainideaofthepassageis.②Thepassageisabout.③Whatisthebesttitleofthepassage？④What'sthewriter'spurposeofwritingthisarticle？⑤Whichmaybethebesttitleforthepassage？?4.主旨大意題主旨大意題的解題技巧為：(1)首先要搞清楚是問某一段還是全文的大意。可利用文中主要信息來把握文脈，進行綜合歸納，概括文章的主題。(2)如有標題，標題中所蘊含的信息往往是關鍵信息；同時也要關注文章的首尾(那往往是文章的主題句)，或每段的首句(那往往是該段的主題句)。主旨大意題的解題技巧為：(3)任何一篇文章都是圍繞某個主題展開的，因此，許多文章中最明顯的特點之一是有一個反復出現的中心詞，即高頻詞，也叫主題詞。抓住了它也就抓住了文章的中心。(4)學會捕捉作者的態度、意圖，即通常所謂“弦外之音，言外之意”，從而了解作者寫這篇文章的目的所在。總之，做閱讀題要記得：一讀，二找，三思，四查。(3)任何一篇文章都是圍繞某個主題展開的，因此，許多文章中最?5.結構順序題常見提問方式：①Howisthepassageorganized？②Whichofthefollowingbestshowsthestructureofthepassage？③Theauthordevelopsthepassagemainlyby...?5.結構順序題結構順序題的解題技巧為：(1)注意主題段。主題段通常在文章的開頭，簡要概括了文章的中心思想。(2)找出或者總結每段的主題句。主題句可能在段落的開頭，也可能出現在段落的中間或末尾。如何確定主題句的方法見主旨題之mainidea型。(3)最后根據每段主題確定段與段之間的結構關系，承上啟下，使文章行文連貫，邏輯嚴密。為突出主題，作者可能采用不同的寫作手法來組織文章，通過舉例、比較、類比等手法來透徹闡明主題觀點。結構順序題的解題技巧為：【典例分析】(2018寧波)Inourculture，theabilitytomakeone'sowndecisionsisimportant.JohnF.Kennedy'squote(引語)“Toooftenweenjoythecomfortofopinionwithoutthediscomfortofthought.”showsanunpleasanttruth.Muchofwhatweknowandbelievehasbeentaughttousbyothers，andweoftenacceptthisinformationwithoutspendingmuchtimethinkingitoverforourselves.【典例分析】(2018寧波)Intoday'sworld，wearebeingpresentedwithinformation，ideasandbeliefs，butmanyofthemareagainsteachother.Psychology(心理學)tellsusthatifwehearanideaenoughtimes，orifitcomesfromsomeonewerespect(尊敬)，wewillprobablybelievethatidea.Inthesecases，webaseouropinionsontheopinionsofothers.Ifeachofusdoesnotthinkaboutthisinformationforourselvesandcometoourownconclusions，wewillbecomenothingmorethanparrots(鸚鵡)quotingtheopinionsofothers.Intoday'sworld，wearebeingExamplesofspreadingfakenewswithoutthoughtcanbeseenontheInternet.Somepeoplebelievewhatevertheyreadandthensharethestorywithoutthinkingaboutthefacts.Allittakesisonequickclick(點擊)ofthe“share”button，andthestorytravelsonitswaytoinfluenceevenmoreunthinkingreaders.Thiscancauseseriousproblems.ExamplesofspreadingfakenewIfwejuststopforamomenttothinkaboutwhatwereadandhear，andformourownopinions，wewillbemorethoughtful，moreindependent，andmorecreativepeople，butfewtakethattime.Yetweneednotloseheartoverthisbadhabit.Infact，simplybecomingaware(意識到)ofitisthefirststeptowardscorrectingit.Oncewebecomeawarethatwetend(趨向)toholdopinionsandbeliefswithoutthinkingthemthrough，wecanchangethatpatternofbehaviour.Hopefully，wecanlearntoexperienceandenjoythe“discomfortofthought”andformourownopinions.Ifwejuststopforamomentt1.What'sthepurposeofthispassage？A.TodescribehowInternetnewsspreads.B.Toexplainwhypeopledon'thavetheirownopinions.C.Totellpeoplethattheyshouldhavetheirownthoughts.D.Towarnpeoplenottobelieveotherpeople'sideas.1.What'sthepurposeofthis2.Theunderlinedword“fake”inParagraph4probablymeans__.A.untrue B.unhappyC.unfair D.unusual3.Howcanwehaveourownopinionsaccordingtothepassage？A.Byspreadingtheinformationwereceive.B.Bylearningmoreaboutpsychology.C.Byquotingothers'opinionslikeparrots.D.Bythinkingaboutwhatwereadandhear.2.Theunderlinedword“fake”4.Wecanprobablyfindthispassageinabookabout

.A.history B.educationC.sports D.languages4.Wecanprobablyfindthispa【文章大意】這篇文章討論了在當今社會一個人具有自己的觀點、培養獨立思考意識的重要性。1.C[句意]這篇文章的目的是什么？A.描述互聯網新聞如何傳播；B.解釋人們為什么沒有自己的觀點；C.告訴人們他們應該有自己的想法；D.警告人們不要相信別人的想法。原文Inourculture，theabilitytomakeone'sowndecisionsisimportant.(在我們的文化中，能做出自己的決定的能力很重要。)這一句說明了“獨立思考”的重要性，要有自己的想法，故選C。【文章大意】這篇文章討論了在當今社會一個人具有自己的觀點、培2.A[句意]第4段中的劃線詞語“fake”可能意思是“不真實的”。A.不真實的；B.不高興的；C.不公平的；D.不尋常的。原文ExamplesofspreadingfakenewswithoutthoughtcanbeseenontheInternet.(在互聯網上可以隨處看到傳播虛假新聞的例子。)，從后面可以看出人們會輕易相信并轉發，不考慮事實情況(withoutthinkingaboutthefacts)，造成嚴重的問題(seriousproblems)，說明傳播的是“虛假新聞”，故選A。2.A[句意]第4段中的劃線詞語“fake”可能意思是“不3.D[句意]根據這篇文章，我們如何能夠得出自己的觀點？A.通過傳播我們收到的信息；B.通過更多地了解心理學；C.通過像鸚鵡一樣引用別人的觀點；D.通過思考我們閱讀到的和聽到的內容。原文Ifwejuststopforamomenttothinkaboutwhatwereadandhear，andformourownopinions，wewillbemorethoughtful，moreindependent，andmorecreativepeople(如果我們暫時停下來思考我們閱讀和聽到的內容，并形成自己的觀點，我們將更有思想、更獨立、更有創造力)，這里作者就“如何得出自己的觀點”提出了自己的建議，故選D。3.D[句意]根據這篇文章，我們如何能夠得出自己的觀點？A4.B[句意]我們可以在一本關于“教育”的書中找到這篇文章。A.歷史；B.教育；C.運動；D.語言。這篇文章討論的是具有獨立思考能力的重要性，并提出了自己的建議，很有“教育意義”，可以說這篇文章來自一本教育類書籍，故選B。4.B[句意]我們可以在一本關于“教育”的書中找到這篇文章A(金衢十二校2018年中考聯合模擬)Whenthethreechildrenarrivedatthetunnel，theylookedupatthetreesaboveit.“What'shappening？”Petersaid.“Lookatthetrees.They'removing.”Hewasright.Thetreeswereslidingdownthehill.“It'salandslide，”Robertasaid.“Therehasbeenalotofrain.Theearthissoft.Itismovingandbringingthetreeswithit.”A(金衢十二校2018年中考聯合模擬)“Thearegoingtofallontherailwayline，”Phyllissaid.“There'llbeanaccidentifthetrainhitsthem.Wemuststopthenexttrain.”“Howdowedothat？”Petersaid.“Thenexttrainisarrivingat11：29.That'sinfiveminutes.Andthetrainisonlyaboutfifteenkilometresaway.”“Wecanruntowardsthetrainandwavetothedriver，”Phyllissaid.“Thearegoingtofallonthe“Hewon'tthinkthereisanythingwrong，”Robertasaid.“Wealwayswavetohim.”“Weneedsomethingredtowave，”Petersaid.“Redisfordanger.”“Mypetticoatisred，”Phyllissaid.“I'lltearpiecesoff.”“Motherwillbeangryifyoudothat，”Robertasaid.“Petticoatsareexpensive.”“Peoplemaydieifthereisanaccident，”Petersaid.“Petticoatsaren'timportant.”“Hewon'tthinkthereisanythPhyllistorestripsfromthebottomofherpetticoat.“Weneedstickstotiethestripsto，”Petersaid.Thechildrenrantoanearbytree.Withhisknife，Petercutoffthreethinbranches.Hetiedeachofthestripsofredpetticoattooneofthebranches.“Nowwehaveredflags，”hesaid.“Whenwewavethese，theenginedriverwillknowsomethingiswrong.Hewillstopthetrainandaskuswhatthematteris.”PhyllistorestripsfromthebThechildrenranthroughthetunnelandwaitedattheothersideforthetraintocome.Theyhadtowaitforalongtime.Peterthoughtthewatchmustbewrong，butitwasthetrainthatwaslate.Then，thetrainarrived.Thechildrenwavedtheirflags.Robertawassoexcitedthatshefainted(暈).ThechildrenranthroughthetTheenginedriversawtheredflagsandthechildren.Heknewsomethingwaswrong.Hestoppedthetrain.PeterandPhyllisrantowardstheengine.Theyshoutedtothedriverthatthereweretreesontheline.Theenginedriverclimbeddownfromhisengine.HehurriedtowhereRobertawaylyingonthegroundinafaint.Hepickedherupandcarriedhertothetrainandputherinacomfortablecarriage.—FromtheRailwayChildrenTheenginedriversawthered( )1.Howdidthelandslidecomeintobeing？A.Theearthwastoothintoholdthetrees.B.Theheavyrainwashedtheearthaway.C.Themovingtrainshooktheearthdown.D.Peoplecutdownmanytreesonthehill.B( )1.Howdidthelandslidec( )2.WhatwasthedangeraccordingtoPhyllis？A.Thetrainwasrunningtoofast.B.Therewouldbeatrainaccident.C.Thechildrenwerewalkingontherailway.D.Thelandslidewascomingtoanend.B( )2.Whatwasthedangeracco( )3.WhatdoesPetermeanbysaying“Petticoatsaren'timportant？”A.Thatkindofcoatsaren'tpopular.B.Thatkindofcoatsaren'texpensive.C.People'slivesaremoreimportant.D.Childrendon'tneedexpensivecoats.C( )3.WhatdoesPetermeanby( )4.WhatwouldhappentoRobertaintheend？A.Sheremainedfainted.B.Sheforgoteverything.C.Hermotherbeatherhard.D.Shecamebacktolife.D( )4.WhatwouldhappentoRoB(原創)TherearemorethansevenbillionpeopleontheEarth，soit'shardtoimagineonlyhavingoneotherofyourkindtokeepyoucompany(陪伴).Butsadly，forthewhiterhinos，thissituationrecentlyturnedintoreality(現實).B(原創)AccordingtoBBCNews，theworld'slastsurvivingmalenorthernwhiterhino，namedSudan，diedinKenyaattheageof45onMarch19,2018.Hisdeathmeansthereareonlytwofemales—hisdaughterandgranddaughter—remainingintheworld.AccordingtoBBCNews，theworlBBCNewsreportedthatby2050,30to50percentofalltheworld'sspecies(物種)couldbeheadingtowardsextinction.“Itishumanactivitythatspeedsuptheextinction，”itwrote.Forexample，astheWorldWildlifeFundnoted，thepopulationofnorthernwhiterhinosinAfricawaslargelyreducedbecauseofthehuntingprobleminthe1970sand1980s.Andbyturningforestsandgrasslandsintoroadsandbuildings，humansfurtherdrovetheseanimalsawayfromtheirnaturalhome.BBCNewsreportedthatby2050Whyisthewhiterhinosoimportant？Theanswerisdowntobiodiversity(生物多樣性).AccordingtoNationalGeographic，“Allspeciesareconnected.Theydependononeanother.Withlessbiodiversity，theseconnectionsbecomeweakerandsometimesbroken，harmingallthespeciesintheecosystem(生態系統).”Luckily，effortsarebeingmadetosavethewhiterhinowiththehelpofnewtechnologies.Whyisthewhiterhinosoimpo( )1.Howmanynorthernwhiterhinoswerethereintheworldin2017？A.Onlyone. B.Two.C.Three. C.Four.( )2.Whichworddoestheunderlinedpartinthefirstparagraphremindyouof？A.Alone. B.Single.C.Lonely. D.Absent.CC( )1.Howmanynorthernwhite( )3.Whichofthefollowinghumanactivitiesspeeduptheextinctionofspecies？①Buildingroadsinforests.②Cuttingdowntreesformodernindustries.③Plantingbushesindeserts.④Burninggrasslandsforhousebuilding.A.①②③ B.①②④C.①③④ D.②③④B( )3.Whichofthefollowing( )4.IfthenorthernwhiterhinoscompletelydisappearfromtheEarth，then.A.wewillsimplyloseonekindofanimalB.therewillbelessspaceforanimalstoliveC.newkindofanimalswillbefoundD.theecosystemofourplanetwillbeinfluencedD( )4.Ifthenorthernwhiter第35講-閱讀理解課件1答題技巧指導1答題技巧指導?1.猜詞析義題此類試題測試考生根據上下文理解推測并判斷該詞或句子在文章中的確切含義的能力。?1.猜詞析義題猜詞析義題的解題技巧為：(1)判斷某些生詞有沒有猜測的必要。(2)根據定義、解釋來猜測。如：Acalendarisatimetableofthedays，weeks，monthsofacertainyear.從所下的定義atimetableofthedays，weeks，monthsofacertainyear中可以猜出calendar的意思為“日歷”。猜詞析義題的解題技巧為：(3)根據構詞法，派生、合成、轉化來猜測。如：Whenawisepersonmisuseshiswisdom，hewilldoagreatharmtosociety.我們都知道use的意思是“使用”，mis-是否定前綴，所以可猜出該詞的意思為“誤用”。(3)根據構詞法，派生、合成、轉化來猜測。(4)根據同義詞、反義詞關系或對比、轉折關系來猜測。如：Unlikehisbrother，whoisahandsomeman，Johnisquitehomely.從unlike可看出John和他哥哥(弟弟)正好相反，他哥哥(弟弟)是用handsome來形容的，由此可猜出homely的意思是“不好看的”。(4)根據同義詞、反義詞關系或對比、轉折關系來猜測。(5)根據同位語關系來猜測。如：AlexanderGrahamBellwasbornin1847inEdinburgh，Scotland.Hisfatherisanexpertinphonetics，thestudyofthesoundsoflanguage.由phonetics的同位語從句thestudyofthesoundsoflanguage可猜出該詞的意思為“語音學”。(5)根據同位語關系來猜測。(6)根據因果關系來猜測。如：Shefeltgrieved，forherparentsbothdiedweeksago.由該詞后的原因狀語從句forherparentsbothdiedweeksago可猜出該詞的意思為“悲痛的”。(6)根據因果關系來猜測。(7)根據上下文線索猜測。如：Thelackofmovementcausedthemuscles(肌肉)toweaken.Sometimestheweaknesswaspermanent.Sotheplayercouldneverplaythesportagain.由上文Thelackofmovementcausedthemusclestoweaken知道是：運動的缺乏導致肌肉萎縮，以及下文Sotheplayercouldneverplaythesportagain知道：這位運動員再也無法做運動了，可以猜出permanent的意思為“永久的，永恒的”。(7)根據上下文線索猜測。(8)根據生活常識和經驗來猜測。如：Inolddays，whengirlsfromrichfamiliesweremarriedtotheirhusbands，theyexpectedtobringwiththemselveswithalargeamountofdowry.上文提到了girlsfromrichfamiliesweremarriedtotheirhusbands來自富有家庭的女孩要出嫁，可猜出她們當然希望帶上大量的“嫁妝”。(8)根據生活常識和經驗來猜測。?2.細節理解題此類題就是我們常見的wh-題，有些問題可以在文中直接找到答案，有些則需要我們在理解的基礎上將有關內容系統化理解后才能找到，比如說通過計算、排序、是非判斷、圖形比較等。具體方法為：先用尋讀法找出與問題相關的詞語或句子，再對相關的部分進行細讀，找出正確答案。?2.細節理解題細節理解題的解題技巧為：(1)直接事實題：解答此類問題時要求抓住題干文字信息，采用針對性方法進行閱讀，因為這類題的答案在文章中可以直接找到。(2)間接事實題：解答此類題需要結合上下文提供的語境和信息進行簡單的概括和判斷，梳理一下文章的脈絡，找出支持每個現象的句子。所以做間接事實題時，A、B、C、D四個選項要全看。細節理解題的解題技巧為：通常以下列形式出現：①WhichofthefollowingisTRUE？②WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrue？③WhichofthefollowingisWRONG？④Fromthepassageweknow

.通常以下列形式出現：?3.推理判斷題此類題要求考生透過表面文字信息去推測文章隱含的意義，檢測考生的邏輯判斷能力。考生要領會材料的抽象含義以及全篇的邏輯關系，并根據常識，或者依靠推理、判斷得出結論。通常以這樣的形式出現：Whatcanyouinferfromthepassage？?3.推理判斷題推理判斷題的解題技巧為：(1)推斷題最主要的方法是根據詞義關系推斷具體細節，要對文字的表面信息進行分析、挖掘和邏輯推理，不能就事論事、以偏概全。(2)根據文章的內容，進行合理地判斷，切忌根據自己的觀點或已有的經驗去揣測。(3)把握作者的觀點、態度或寫作的目的，借助上下文，領會“弦外之音”，避免“自己想當然”。推理判斷題的解題技巧為：?4.主旨大意題此類題用來檢測考生是否擁有掌握閱讀材料的主旨或大意的能力。通常以下列形式出現：①Themainideaofthepassageis.②Thepassageisabout.③Whatisthebesttitleofthepassage？④What'sthewriter'spurposeofwritingthisarticle？⑤Whichmaybethebesttitleforthepassage？?4.主旨大意題主旨大意題的解題技巧為：(1)首先要搞清楚是問某一段還是全文的大意。可利用文中主要信息來把握文脈，進行綜合歸納，概括文章的主題。(2)如有標題，標題中所蘊含的信息往往是關鍵信息；同時也要關注文章的首尾(那往往是文章的主題句)，或每段的首句(那往往是該段的主題句)。主旨大意題的解題技巧為：(3)任何一篇文章都是圍繞某個主題展開的，因此，許多文章中最明顯的特點之一是有一個反復出現的中心詞，即高頻詞，也叫主題詞。抓住了它也就抓住了文章的中心。(4)學會捕捉作者的態度、意圖，即通常所謂“弦外之音，言外之意”，從而了解作者寫這篇文章的目的所在。總之，做閱讀題要記得：一讀，二找，三思，四查。(3)任何一篇文章都是圍繞某個主題展開的，因此，許多文章中最?5.結構順序題常見提問方式：①Howisthepassageorganized？②Whichofthefollowingbestshowsthestructureofthepassage？③Theauthordevelopsthepassagemainlyby...?5.結構順序題結構順序題的解題技巧為：(1)注意主題段。主題段通常在文章的開頭，簡要概括了文章的中心思想。(2)找出或者總結每段的主題句。主題句可能在段落的開頭，也可能出現在段落的中間或末尾。如何確定主題句的方法見主旨題之mainidea型。(3)最后根據每段主題確定段與段之間的結構關系，承上啟下，使文章行文連貫，邏輯嚴密。為突出主題，作者可能采用不同的寫作手法來組織文章，通過舉例、比較、類比等手法來透徹闡明主題觀點。結構順序題的解題技巧為：【典例分析】(2018寧波)Inourculture，theabilitytomakeone'sowndecisionsisimportant.JohnF.Kennedy'squote(引語)“Toooftenweenjoythecomfortofopinionwithoutthediscomfortofthought.”showsanunpleasanttruth.Muchofwhatweknowandbelievehasbeentaughttousbyothers，andweoftenacceptthisinformationwithoutspendingmuchtimethinkingitoverforourselves.【典例分析】(2018寧波)Intoday'sworld，wearebeingpresentedwithinformation，ideasandbeliefs，butmanyofthemareagainsteachother.Psychology(心理學)tellsusthatifwehearanideaenoughtimes，orifitcomesfromsomeonewerespect(尊敬)，wewillprobablybelievethatidea.Inthesecases，webaseouropinionsontheopinionsofothers.Ifeachofusdoesnotthinkaboutthisinformationforourselvesandcometoourownconclusions，wewillbecomenothingmorethanparrots(鸚鵡)quotingtheopinionsofothers.Intoday'sworld，wearebeingExamplesofspreadingfakenewswithoutthoughtcanbeseenontheInternet.Somepeoplebelievewhatevertheyreadandthensharethestorywithoutthinkingaboutthefacts.Allittakesisonequickclick(點擊)ofthe“share”button，andthestorytravelsonitswaytoinfluenceevenmoreunthinkingreaders.Thiscancauseseriousproblems.ExamplesofspreadingfakenewIfwejuststopforamomenttothinkaboutwhatwereadandhear，andformourownopinions，wewillbemorethoughtful，moreindependent，andmorecreativepeople，butfewtakethattime.Yetweneednotloseheartoverthisbadhabit.Infact，simplybecomingaware(意識到)ofitisthefirststeptowardscorrectingit.Oncewebecomeawarethatwetend(趨向)toholdopinionsandbeliefswithoutthinkingthemthrough，wecanchangethatpatternofbehaviour.Hopefully，wecanlearntoexperienceandenjoythe“discomfortofthought”andformourownopinions.Ifwejuststopforamomentt1.What'sthepurposeofthispassage？A.TodescribehowInternetnewsspreads.B.Toexplainwhypeopledon'thavetheirownopinions.C.Totellpeoplethattheyshouldhavetheirownthoughts.D.Towarnpeoplenottobelieveotherpeople'sideas.1.What'sthepurposeofthis2.Theunderlinedword“fake”inParagraph4probablymeans__.A.untrue B.unhappyC.unfair D.unusual3.Howcanwehaveourownopinionsaccordingtothepassage？A.Byspreadingtheinformationwereceive.B.Bylearningmoreaboutpsychology.C.Byquotingothers'opinionslikeparrots.D.Bythinkingaboutwhatwereadandhear.2.Theunderlinedword“fake”4.Wecanprobablyfindthispassageinabookabout

.A.history B.educationC.sports D.languages4.Wecanprobablyfindthispa【文章大意】這篇文章討論了在當今社會一個人具有自己的觀點、培養獨立思考意識的重要性。1.C[句意]這篇文章的目的是什么？A.描述互聯網新聞如何傳播；B.解釋人們為什么沒有自己的觀點；C.告訴人們他們應該有自己的想法；D.警告人們不要相信別人的想法。原文Inourculture，theabilitytomakeone'sowndecisionsisimportant.(在我們的文化中，能做出自己的決定的能力很重要。)這一句說明了“獨立思考”的重要性，要有自己的想法，故選C。【文章大意】這篇文章討論了在當今社會一個人具有自己的觀點、培2.A[句意]第4段中的劃線詞語“fake”可能意思是“不真實的”。A.不真實的；B.不高興的；C.不公平的；D.不尋常的。原文ExamplesofspreadingfakenewswithoutthoughtcanbeseenontheInternet.(在互聯網上可以隨處看到傳播虛假新聞的例子。)，從后面可以看出人們會輕易相信并轉發，不考慮事實情況(withoutthinkingaboutthefacts)，造成嚴重的問題(seriousproblems)，說明傳播的是“虛假新聞”，故選A。2.A[句意]第4段中的劃線詞語“fake”可能意思是“不3.D[句意]根據這篇文章，我們如何能夠得出自己的觀點？A.通過傳播我們收到的信息；B.通過更多地了解心理學；C.通過像鸚鵡一樣引用別人的觀點；D.通過思考我們閱讀到的和聽到的內容。原文Ifwejuststopforamomenttothinkaboutwhatwereadandhear，andformourownopinions，wewillbemorethoughtful，moreindependent，andmorecreativepeople(如果我們暫時停下來思考我們閱讀和聽到的內容，并形成自己的觀點，我們將更有思想、更獨立、更有創造力)，這里作者就“如何得出自己的觀點”提出了自己的建議，故選D。3.D[句意]根據這篇文章，我們如何能夠得出自己的觀點？A4.B[句意]我們可以在一本關于“教育”的書中找到這篇文章。A.歷史；B.教育；C.運動；D.語言。這篇文章討論的是具有獨立思考能力的重要性，并提出了自己的建議，很有“教育意義”，可以說這篇文章來自一本教育類書籍，故選B。4.B[句意]我們可以在一本關于“教育”的書中找到這篇文章A(金衢十二校2018年中考聯合模擬)Whenthethreechildrenarrivedatthetunnel，theylookedupatthetreesaboveit.“What'shappening？”Petersaid.“Lookatthetrees.They'removing.”Hewasright.Thetreeswereslidingdownthehill.“It'salandslide，”Robertasaid.“Therehasbeenalotofrain.Theearthissoft.Itismovingandbringingthetreeswithit.”A(金衢十二校2018年中考聯合模擬)“Thearegoingtofallontherailwayline，”Phyllissaid.“There'llbeanaccidentifthetrainhitsthem.Wemuststopthenexttrain.”“Howdowedothat？”Petersaid.“Thenexttrainisarrivingat11：29.That'sinfiveminutes.Andthetrainisonlyaboutfifteenkilometresaway.”“Wecanruntowardsthetrainandwavetothedriver，”Phyllissaid.“Thearegoingtofallonthe“Hewon'tthinkthereisanythingwrong，”Robertasaid.“Wealwayswavetohim.”“Weneedsomethingredtowave，”Petersaid.“Redisfordanger.”“Mypetticoatisred，”Phyllissaid.“I'lltearpiecesoff.”“Motherwillbeangryifyoudothat，”Robertasaid.“Petticoatsareexpensive.”“Peoplemaydieifthereisanaccident，”Petersaid.“Petticoatsaren'timportant.”“Hewon'tthinkthereisanythPhyllistorestripsfromthebottomofherpetticoat.“Weneedstickstotiethestripsto，”Petersaid.Thechildrenrantoanearbytree.Withhisknife，Petercutoffthreethinbranches.Hetiedeachofthestripsofredpetticoattooneofthebranches.“Nowwehaveredflags，”hesaid.“Whenwewavethese，theenginedriverwillknowsomethingiswrong.Hewillstopthetrainandaskuswhatthematteris.”PhyllistorestripsfromthebThechildrenranthroughthetunnelandwaitedattheothersideforthetraintocome.Theyhadtowaitforalongtime.Peterthoughtthewatchmustbewrong，butitwasthetrainthatwaslate.Then，thetrainarrived.Thechildrenwavedtheirflags.Robertawassoexcitedthatshefainted(暈).ThechildrenranthroughthetTheenginedriversawtheredflagsandthechildren.Heknewsomethingwaswrong.Hestoppedthetrain.PeterandPhyllisrantowardstheengine.Theyshoutedtothedriverthatthereweretreesontheline.Theenginedriverclimbeddownfromhisengine.HehurriedtowhereRobertawaylyingonthegroundinafaint.Hepickedherupandcarriedhertothetrainandputherinacomfortablecarriage.—FromtheRailwayChildrenTheenginedriversawthered( )1.Howdidthelandslidecomeintobeing？A.Theearthwastoothintoholdthetrees.B.Theheavyrainwashedtheearthaway.C.Themovingtrainshooktheearthdown.D.Peoplecutdownmanytreesonthehill.B( )1.Howdidthelandslidec( )2.WhatwasthedangeraccordingtoPhyllis？A.Thetrainwasrunningtoofast.B.Therewouldbeatrainaccident.C.Thechildrenwerewalkingontherailway.D.Thelandslidewascomingtoanend.B( )2.Whatwasthedangeracco( )3.WhatdoesPetermeanbysaying“Petticoatsaren'timportant？”A.Thatkindofcoatsaren'tpopular.B.Thatkindofcoatsaren'texpensive.C.People'slivesa