書山有路勤為徑，學海無涯苦作舟！住在富人區的她考研考博-英語-宿州職業技術學院考試押題三合一+答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請謹慎購買！第I卷一.綜合題庫-全考點押密(共120題)1.單選題

Beforehestartedthework,Iaskedthebuildertogivemean______ofthecostofrepairingtheroof.

問題1選項

A.assessment

B.estimate

C.announcement

D.evaluation

【答案】B

【解析】考查名詞辨析。A項assessment“估計、評定”；B項estimate“估價、判斷”；C項announcement“公告、宣告”；D項evaluation“評價”；句意：在他開始工作之前，我請建筑工人給我估計一下修理屋頂的費用。因此該題B項正確。

2.單選題

Whyshouldanyonewanttoread（）ofbooksbygreatauthorswhentherealpleasurecomesfromreadingtheoriginals?

問題1選項

A.digests

B.themes

C.leaflets

D.insights

【答案】A

【解析】句意：當真正的樂趣來自于閱讀原著時,為什么有人想要閱讀偉大作家的作品摘要呢？選項A更符合語境。

3.單選題

Inthefaceofunexpecteddifficulties,hedemonstratedatalentforquick,_____action.

問題1選項

A.determining

B.defensive

C.demanding

D.decisive

【答案】D

【解析】形容詞辨析。determining（使）下決心,（使）做出決定的；defensive自衛的；demanding苛求的，吃力的；decisive決定性的，果斷的,堅定的。句意：面對意想不到的困難，他表現出了隨機應變、迅速決斷的能力。選項D符合句意。

4.單選題

.AnyDemocraticpresidentwilltryto_______theUnitedStatesfromthemessinIraq,yetallwouldfacerigidconstraints.

問題1選項

A.knockout

B.distinguish

C.overture

D.extricate

【答案】D

【解析】knockout擊倒;distinguish區別,辨別;overture作動詞意為建議;extricate使擺脫,解救。句意：任何一位民主黨總統都將試圖把美國從伊拉克的混亂中解救出來,但所有人都將面臨嚴格的約束。選項D符合句意。

5.單選題

Thereweretwowidelydivergentinfluencesontheearldevelopmentofstatisticalmethods.Statisticshadamotherwhowasdedicatedtokeepingorderlyrecordsofgovernmentalunitsandagentlemanlygamblingfatherwhoreliedonmathematicstoincreasehisskillatplayingtheoddsingamesofchance.Theinfluenceofthemotherontheoffspring,statistics,isrepresentedbycounting,measuring,describing,tabulating,ordering,andthetakingofcensuses,allofwhichledtomoderndescriptivestatistics.Fromtheinfluenceofthefathercamemoderninferentialstatistics,whichisbasedsquarelyontheoriesofprobability.

Descriptivestatisticsinvolvestabulating,depicting,anddescribingcollectionsofdata.Thesedatamaybeeitherquantitative,suchasmeasuresofheight,intelligence,orgradelevel-variables，thatarecharacterizedbytheunderlyingcontinuumorthedatamayrepresentqualitativevariables,suchassex,collegemajor,orpersonalitytype.Largemassesofdatamustgenerallyundergoaprocessofsummarizationorreductionbeforetheyarecomprehensible.Descriptivestatisticsisatoolfordescribingorsummarizing,orreducingtocomprehensibleformthepropertiesofanotherwiseunwieldymassofdata.

Inferentialstatisticsisaformalizedbodyofmethodsforsolvinganotherclassofproblemsthatpresentgreatdifficultiesfortheunaidedhumanmind.Thisgeneralclassofproblemscharacteristicallyinvolvesattemptstomakepredictionsusingasampleofobservations.Forexample,aschoolsuperintendentwishestodeterminetheproportionofchildreninalargeschoolsystem,whocometoschoolwithoutbreakfasthavebeenvaccinatedforflu,orwhatever.Havingalittleknowledgeofstatistics,thesuperintendentwouldknowthatitisunnecessaryandinefficienttoquestioneachchild;theproportionfortheentiredistrictcouldbeestimatedfairlyaccuratelyfromasampleofasfewas100children.Thus,thepurposeofinferentialstatisticsistopredictorestimatecharacteristicsofapopulationfromaknowledgeofthecharacteristicsofonlyasampleofthepopulation.

31.Thepassageismainlyconcernedwith______.

32.Accordingtothefirstparagraph,countinganddescribingareassociatedwith______.

33.Whydoestheauthormention“mother”and“father”inthefirstparagraph?

34.Whichofthefollowingstatementsaboutdescriptivestatisticsisbestsupportedbythepassage?

35.Accordingtothepassage,whatisthepurposeofexaminingasampleorapopulation?

問題1選項

A.thedrawbacksofdescriptiveandinferentialstatistics

B.applicationsofinferentialstatistics

C.thedevelopmentanduseofstatistics

D.howtousedescriptivestatistics

問題2選項

A.inferentialstatistics

B.descriptivestatistics

C.unknownvariables

D.qualitativechanges

問題3選項

A.Topointoutthatparentscanteachtheirchildrenstatistics.

B.Tointroduceinferentialstatistics.

C.Toexplainthattherearedifferentkindsofvariables.

D.Topresentthebackgroundofstatisticsinahumorousandunderstandableway.

問題4選項

A.Itsimplifiesunwieldymassesofdata.

B.Itleadstoincreasedvariability.

C.Itsolvesallnumericalproblems.

D.Itchangesqualitativevariablestoquantitativevariables.

問題5選項

A.Tocomparedifferentgroups.

B.Topredictcharacteristicsoftheentirepopulation.

C.Toconsiderallthequantitativevariables.

D.Totabulatecollectionsofdata.

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:B

第3題:D

第4題:A

第5題:B

【解析】31.【試題答案】C

【試題解析】主旨大意題。文章第一段介紹了統計學的誕生，接著介紹了兩種統計方法：描述性統計和推斷性統計可以解決的問題，說明本文主要講的是統計學的發展和應用。因此C選項“統計學的發展和使用”正確。A選項“描述性統計和推斷性統計的缺點”，原文只介紹了這兩者的由來，沒有介紹它們的缺點，所以A錯誤。B選項“推斷性統計的應用”，D選項“如何使用描述性統計”，原文介紹了描述性統計和推斷性統計兩者的應用，所以B，D錯誤。

32.【試題答案】B

【試題解析】客觀細節題。由題干關鍵詞“countinganddescribing”可以定位到文章第一段第三句Theinfluenceofthemotherontheoffspring,statistics,isrepresentedbycounting,measuring,describing,tabulating,ordering,andthetakingofcensuses,allofwhichledtomoderndescriptivestatistics.（“母親”對其后代統計學的影響表現在計數、測量、描述、制表、歸類和人口普查，所有這些導致了現代描述統計學的誕生。），說明計數和描述與描述性統計學相關。因此B選項“描述性統計”正確。A選項“推斷性統計”，C選項“未知變量”，D選項“質變”均不符合題意，所以A，C，D錯誤。

33.【試題答案】D

【試題解析】推理判斷題。第一段中提到“母親”和“父親”用來說明統計學的誕生和起源，運用擬人的手法使文章更加生動幽默，有助于讀者理解。因此D選項“以幽默、易懂的方式介紹統計學的背景”正確。A選項“指出父母可以教孩子統計”，B選項“為了介紹推斷性統計”，C選項“說明變量有不同的種類”均不符合題意，所以A，B，C錯誤。

34.【試題答案】A

【試題解析】客觀細節題。由題干可以定位到文章第二段最后一句Descriptivestatisticsisatoolfordescribingorsummarizing,orreducingtocomprehensibleformthepropertiesofanotherwiseunwieldymassofdata.（描述性統計是一種工具，它對極其龐雜的數據進行描述、概括或簡化，使之成為可理解的東西。），說明描述性統計可以將龐雜的數據簡單化。因此A選項“簡化了繁雜的大量數據”正確。B選項“導致了變異性的增加”，C選項“可以解決所有的數值問題”，D選項“把定性變量變為定量變量”在文中均沒有提及，所以B，C，D錯誤。

35.【試題答案】B

【試題解析】客觀細節題。由題干可以定位到文章第三段最后一句Thus,thepurposeofinferentialstatisticsistopredictorestimatecharacteristicsofapopulationfromaknowledgeofthecharacteristicsofonlyasampleofthepopulation.（因此，推理性統計的目的就是通過了解整個群體中一部分樣本的特征，來預測和估計整個群體的特征。），說明考察樣本目的是預測和估計整個群體的特征。因此B選項“預測整個群體的特征”正確。A選項“為了比較不同的群體”，C選項“考慮所有的定量變量”，D選項“將數據集合制成表格”在文中均沒有提及，所以A，C，D錯誤。

6.單選題

Themostobviousandleastnoticedman-mademarvelinCaliforniaisitshighwaysystem.Itisanengineeringeventonthescaleofthetranscontinentalrailroad,over15,000mileslongandfiftyyearsinthemaking.Byalongmeasure,itisthebesthighwaysysteminthecountry,whichmeansthatitisthebesthighwaysystemintheworld.California,itsvariousdepartmentsandagencies,hastaughtnumberlessnationshowtobuildmodemroads,andiftheworldisnowlessconvincedaboutthenecessityofsuperhighwaysthatitusedtobe,thathasmoretodowithgeologythanwithdesignandengineering.

TheCaliforniahighwaysystemisalsowheremanyofuslearnedthepleasuresofmotoring.Muchhasbeenwrittenabout(California’sloveaffairwiththeautomobile,andmuchofitiswrong.Tobesure,afewcitizenslavishaninordinateamountofattentionontheircars,butformostofusroutinemaintenanceandasportylittleironcladwarrantyareallnecessary.Therealpleasuresoftheroadhavetodowithdrivingtheexperienceratherthanthevehicle,theverbratherthanthenoun.Thepleasuresofdrivingareanobviousextensionofthepleasuresofthetrail,theprogressiverevelationofnaturalwondersandculturalinformation.Drivingisanaestheticexperiencesocommonplacethatitisfrequentlyignored,yetabaddriveisaspainfulasabadpaintingandrequiresmuchmorestaminatoendure.ForAmericans,drivingisalsonearlyuniversal;morepeoplehaverevealedinagooddrivethanhave,say,attendedabaseballgameorgottendivorced.

Soitisthegooddrivesthatwecelebratehere.Thefollowinglistisarbitraryandpersonal—andincomplete.IhavenotdriveneveryroadinCalifornia,Ihaveheard,forinstance,that299fromReddingtoAlturasisworthadetour(繞道),butIhavenotincludeditbecauseI’veneverdoneit.Callthislistrather,atalkingpaper,aworkinprogress,asetofnominations(thereareonlysevendrivesonit,whichsuggeststhattheCaliforniatoptenhasthreeslotsopen).Mycriteriaweremostlypredictablescenicbeauty,surprise,transformation,easeofdriving,trafficflow,plusaleaveningofwhim.Theyarelistedinavagueorderofreference,asfollows.

1.Whatdoestheauthorwanttotellusinthefirstparagraph?

2.ItisonCaliforniahighwaysthatmanypeople______.

3.Accordingtotheauthor,afewcitizenstendto______.

4.Thesecondparagraphsuggeststhedrivingis______.

5.IftheauthorintroducessomeroadsinCaliforniatothereaderinthefollowingparagraph,howmanyroadsaretotheintroduced?

問題1選項

A.TheCaliforniahighwaysystemisawonder.

B.Californiahasanadvantageingeologyandgeography.

C.RoadsinCaliforniaareallsuperhighways.

D.Highwayswon’tbenecessaryinthefuture.

問題2選項

A.learntomotorcycle

B.begintoenjoydriving

C.fallinlove

D.learnhowtodrive

問題3選項

A.taketoomuchcareoftheircars

B.Ignorethemaintenanceoftheircars

C.paintwhiledrivingalongtheroads

D.lacktheabilitytoappreciatethebeauty

問題4選項

A.consideredaworld-widegamebyAmericans

B.asinterestingaswatchingbaseballgames

C.averypopularentertainmentforAmericans

D.oneofthereasonsofsomedivorces

問題5選項

A.3

B.7

C.10

D.299

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:B

第3題:A

第4題:C

第5題:B

【解析】1.【試題答案】A

【試題解析】細節事實題。題干意思是“第一段作者想要告訴我們什么？”。文章第一段開頭提到Themostobviousandleastnoticedman-mademarvelinCaliforniaisitshighwaysystem.（加州最明顯、最不引人注意的人造奇跡是高速公路系統），接著就加州的高速公路系統展開了論述，故A項“加州的高速公路系統是個奇跡”正確；B項“加州在地質和地理上有優勢”、C項“加州的公路都是高速公路”和D項“高速公路在未來是沒有必要的”沒有提到。因此，該題選擇A項正確。

2.【試題答案】B

【試題解析】細節事實題。題干意思是“在加州高速公路上許多人……”。根據第二段第一句TheCaliforniahighwaysystemisalsowheremanyofuslearnedthepleasuresofmotoring.（加州高速公路系統也是大部分的我們了解到駕駛樂趣的地方）可知，B項“開始享受駕駛”正確；A項“學會摩托車”和D項“學會開車”都屬于駕駛；C項“墜入愛河”沒有提到。因此，該題選擇B項正確。

3.【試題答案】A

【試題解析】細節事實題。題干意思是“根據作者的說法，少數公民傾向于……”。文章第二段第三句提到Tobesure,afewcitizenslavishaninordinateamountofattentionontheircars,butformostofusroutinemaintenanceandasportylittleironcladwarrantyareallnecessary.（誠然，少數市民在他們的汽車上花費了過多的精力，但對我們大多數人來說，例行維護和小小的保修都是必要的）可知，A項“過多關注他們的汽車”正確；B項“忽視他們的汽車維護”這是以過多關注汽車為前提的，故不選；C項“在路上開車時刷漆”沒有提到；D項“缺乏欣賞美的能力”，文中只是提到“開車作為一種常見的審美體驗經常被忽視”，并沒有提到缺乏。因此，該題選擇A項正確。

4.【試題答案】C

【試題解析】推理判斷題。題干意思是“第二段暗示駕駛是……”。第二段最后一句指出ForAmericans,drivingisalsonearlyuniversal;morepeoplehaverevealedinagooddrivethanhave,say,attendedabaseballgameorgottendivorced.（對美國人來說，駕駛幾乎是非常普遍的事情；比起去看棒球賽或離婚的人，更多的人在良好的駕駛中展露出來），可知在美國，駕駛是一件很普遍的事情，且前面提到駕駛是一種樂趣，所以是一個大眾娛樂，C項“對美國人來說是一個大眾娛樂”正確；由此可知A項“被美國人視為一個遍布世界的活動”錯誤；關于B項“和看棒球比賽一樣有趣”和D項“離婚的其中原因之一”，文中只是把看棒球比賽的人和離婚的人與駕駛的人們進行了比較，重點強調駕駛是一種大眾娛樂，并沒有提到這兩項的內容。因此，該題選擇C項正確。

5.【試題答案】B

【試題解析】細節事實題。題干意思是“如果作者在接下來的段落中向讀者介紹了一些加州的道路，那么有多少條路可以被介紹給讀者？”。最后一段提到thereareonlysevendrivesonit,whichsuggeststhattheCaliforniatoptenhasthreeslotsopen.（名單上只有7條道路，這意味著加州前10名還有3個空缺）可知，有7條道路可以介紹給讀者，B項正確；由此也可知A項和C項不正確；D項在最后一段中的299fromReddingtoAlturasisworthadetour（從雷丁到阿爾圖拉斯的299路值得繞道而行）提到，可知299只是一條道路的編號。因此，該題選擇B項正確。

7.單選題

Tosavemoneyformyeducation,motheroftentookonmoreworkthan（

）forher.

問題1選項

A.itwasgood

B.whatwasgood

C.wasgood

D.beinggood

【答案】B

【解析】考查名詞性從句,than后面接名詞或者名詞性從句,只有B項符合。

8.單選題

Centralcitiesalwayshavebeenhospitabletoentrepreneurs,becausetheyprovideeasy（）tobuyersandproducers.

問題1選項

A.ambit

B.access

C.appeal

D.approval

【答案】B

【解析】考查名詞辨析。ambit“范圍，周圍”；access“通道，機會”；appeal“呼吁，懇求，上訴”；approval“批準，認可”。句意：市中心是企業家的安樂窩，因為在那里可以很容易地有機會接觸買家和生產者。provideaccessto提供通往…的便捷途徑。故B項正確。

9.單選題

Planeskeepintouchwiththecontroltower（）.

問題1選項

A.ontheradio

B.byradio

C.overtheradio

D.bytheradio

【答案】B

【解析】考查詞組辨析。ontheradio“在廣播中”；byradio“用無線電”。句意：飛機用無線電與控制塔保持聯系。只有B項符合句意。

10.翻譯題

Environmentalismis,inthesocialsciences,anytheorythatconcernstheimportanceofenvironmentalfactorsinthedevelopmentofcultureandsociety.Thetheoryofenvironmentaldeterminismstatesthatthephysicalmilieuofapeople,includingnaturalresources,climate,andgeography,isthemajordeterminingfactorintheformationoftheirculture.Determinismtherebyrejectshistoryandtradition,socialandeconomicfactors,andotheraspectsofcultureasexplanationsofsocialdevelopment.Contemporaryenvironmentalistsrecognizethatphysicalsurroundingsareonlypartofatotalenvironmentthatincludessocialandeconomicfactorsculturaltradition,andreciprocalinfluencesbetweensocietiesandtheirenvironment.

【答案】在社會科學中，環境保護論是指任何有關環境因素在文化和社會發展中的重要性的理論。環境決定論認為，人類的自然環境，包括自然資源、氣候和地理，是其文化形成的主要決定因素。因此環境決定論拒絕將歷史和傳統、社會和經濟因素以及文化的其他方面作為社會發展的解釋。當代環境學家認識到，自然環境只是包括社會和經濟因素、文化傳統以及社會與其環境之間相互影響在內的整個環境的一部分。

11.單選題

Harvardiscommittedto

ongoingcommunicationandcooperationasprojectplansare______.

問題1選項

A.maintain,shaping

B.maintaining,shaping

C.maintain,shaped

D.maintaining,shaped

【答案】B

【解析】考查詞語辨析。句中存在一個固定表達becommittedto+n./doing“致力于；獻身于”，因此排除A和C選項。過去分詞表示已完成，現在分詞表示正在進行。根據句意：哈佛大學致力于在項目計劃進行過程中保持交流與合作。因此B選項符合題意。

12.單選題

Absorbedinherwork,shewastotally（）hersurroundings.

問題1選項

A.liablefor

B.obliviousof

C.competitivewith

D.ingeniousat

【答案】B

【解析】考查詞組詞義辨析。A選項liablefor“對……有責任”；B選項obliviousof“未覺察”；C選項competitivewith“可與……競爭”；D選項ingeniousat“善于”。句意：她沉迷于自己的工作中，完全沒有覺察到周圍的事物。結合句意，B選項正確。

13.單選題

Thenumberofthetickets（

）willbedeterminedbythesizeofthestadium.

問題1選項

A.adaptable

B.acceptable

C.advisable

D.available

【答案】D

【解析】形容詞辨析題。A選項adaptable“能適應的”；B選項acceptable“可接受的”；C選項advisable“明智的，可取的”；D選項available“可獲得的”。句意：可獲得的門票數量將根據體育場的大小來定。選項D更符合語境。

14.單選題

Foryears,studieshavefoundthatfirst-generationcollegestudents-thosewhodonothaveaparentwithacollegedegree-lagotherstudentsonarangeofeducationachievementfactors.Theirgradesarelowerandtheirdropoutratesarehigher.Butsincesuchstudentsaremostlikelytoadvanceeconomicallyiftheysucceedinhighereducation,collegesanduniversitieshavepushedfordecadestorecruitloreofthem.Thishascreated’’aparadox"inthatrecruitingfirst-generationstudents,butthenwatchingmanyofthemfail,meansthathighereducationhas"continuedtoreproduceandwiden,ratherthanclose”achievementgapbasedonsocialclass,accordingtothedepressingbeginningofapaperforthcominginthejournalPsychologicalScience.

Butthearticleisactuallyquiteoptimistic,asitoutlinesapotentialsolutiontothisproblem,suggestingthatanapproach(whichinvolvesaone-hour,next-to-no-costprogram)canclose63percentoftheachievementgap(measuredbysuchfactorsasgrades)betweenfirst-generationandotherstudents.

Theauthorsofthepaperarefromdifferentuniversities,andtheirfindingsarebasedonastudyinvolving147students(whocompletedtheproject)atanunnamedprivateuniversity.Firstgenerationwasdefinedasnothavingaparentwithafour-yearcollegedegreeMostofthefirst-generationstudents(59.1percent)wererecipientsofPellGrants,afederalgrantforundergraduateswithfinancialneed,whilethiswastrueonlyfor8.6percentofthestudentswithatleastoneparentwithafour-yeardegree.

Theirthesis-thatarelativelymodestinterventioncouldhaveabigimpactwasbasedontheviewthatfirst-generationstudentsmaybemostlackingnotinpotentialbutinpracticalknowledgeabouthowtodealwiththeissuesthatfacemostcollegestudents.Theycitepastresearchbyseveralauthorstoshowthatthisisthegapthatmustbenarrowedtoclosetheachievementgap.

Manyfirst-generationstudentsstruggletonavigatethemiddle-classcultureofhighereducation,learnthe’rulesofthegame,'and"takeadvantageofcollegeresources,"theywrite.Andthisbecomesmoreofaproblemwhencollegesdon’ttalkabouttheclassadvantageanddisadvantagesofdifferentgroupsofstudents.BecauseUScollegesanduniversitiesseldomacknowledgehowsocialclasscanaffectstudents’educationalexperience,manyfirst-generationstudentslackinsightaboutwhytheyarestrugglinganddonotunderstandhowstudentslikethemcanimprove.

1.Recruitingmorefirst-generationstudentshas（

）.

2.Theauthorofthepaperbelievesthatfirst-generationstudents

（

）.

3.Wemayinferfromthelastparagraphthat（

）.

問題1選項

A.reducedtheirdropoutrates

B.narrowedtheachievementgap

C.misseditsoriginalpurpose

D.depressedcollegestudents

問題2選項

A.areactuallyindifferenttotheachievementgap

B.canhaveapotentialinfluenceonotherstudents

C.maylackopportunitiestoapplyforresearchprojects

D.areinexperiencedinhandlingtheirissuesatcollege

問題3選項

A.universitiesoftenrejectthecultureofthemiddle-class

B.studentsareusuallytoblamefortheirlackofresources

C.socialclassgreatlyhelpsenricheducationalexperiences

D.collegesarepartlyresponsiblefortheprobleminquestion

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:D

第3題:D

【解析】1.細節事實題。題目提問‘招募更多第一代大學生己經如何？’根據文章第一段“Thishascreated’’aparadox"inthatrecruitingfirst-generationstudents,butthenwatchingmanyofthemfail,meansthathighereducationhas"continuedtoreproduceandwiden,ratherthanclose"achievementgapbasedonsocialclass...這就產生了一個“悖論”，即招收第一代學生，但卻眼睜睜地看著他們中的許多人失敗，這意味著高等教育“繼續繁衍和擴大，而不是縮小”基于社會階層的成就差距，所以這是一種自相矛盾的事……”。確定C選項‘能達到其最初的目的’正確。

2.細節事實題。題目提問‘本文作者認為第一代學生如何？’根據第四段第一句“...first-generationstudentsmaybemostlackingnotinpotentialbutinpracticalknowledgeabouthowtodealwiththeissuesthatfacemostcollegestudents.第一代大學生缺少的不是潛力，而是在處理大多數大學生面對的問題時的實際的常識。”確定D選項“在大學里沒有處理問題的經驗”正確。

3.推理判斷題。題目提問‘最后一段中可以推斷什么？’根據最后一段最后一句“BecauseUScollegesanduniversitiesseldomacknowledgehowsocialclasscanaffectstudents’educationalexperience,manyfirst-generationstudentslackinsightaboutwhytheyarestrugglinganddonotunderstandhowstudentslikethemcanimprove.因為美國的學院和大學很少承認社會階層是如何影響學生的教育經歷的，所以許多第一代學生缺乏對他們為什么會掙扎的洞察力，也不知道像他們這樣的學生如何才能進步。”可以推知D選項“學校應該為目前的問題承擔部分責任”正確。

15.單選題

ShouldIreceiveanymessageswhileIaminthemeeting,kindlyholdthemformetillaftertheoilcompanyrepresentativeshaveleft.

問題1選項

A.Should

B.whileIaminthemeeting

C.kindlyholdthemfor

D.oilcompanyrepresentativeshaveleft

E.沒有問題

【答案】D

【解析】語法題。名詞所有格漏用。應改為oilcompany’srepresentativeshaveleft.

16.單選題

Everyonehasamomentinhistory,whichbelongsparticularlytohim.Itisthemomentwhenhisemotionsachievetheirmostpowerfulswayoverhim,andafterwardwhenyousaytothisperson“theworldtoday”or“life”or“reality”hewillassumethatyoumeanthismoment,evenifitisfiftyyearspast.Theworld,throughhisunleashed（釋放的）emotions,imprinteditselfuponhim,andhecar-riesthestampofthatpassingmomentforever.

Forme，thismoment——fouryearsinamomentinhistory——wasthewar.Thewarwasandisrealityforme.Istillinstinctivelyliveandthinkinitsatmosphere.Thesearesomeofitscharacteris-tics.

FranklinDelanoRooseveltisthepresidentoftheUnitedStates,andhealwayshasbeen.TheothertwoeternalworldleadersareWinstonChurchillandJosephStalin.Americaisnot,neverhasbeen,andneverwillbewhatthesongandpoemscallit,alandofplenty.Nylon，meat,gasoline,andsteelarerare.Therearetoomanyjobsandnotenoughworkers.Moneyisveryeasytoearnbutratherhardtospend,becausethereisn’tverymuchtobuy.Trainsarealwayslateandalwayscrowdedwith“servicemen”.ThewarwillalwaysbefoughtveryfarfromAmerica,anditwillneverend.NothinginAmericastandsstillforverylong,includingthepeoplewhoarealwayseitherleavingoronleave.PeopleinAmericacryoften.Sixteenisthekeyandcrucialandnaturalageforahumanbeingtobe,andpeopleofallotheragesarerangedinanorderlymanneraheadofandbehindyouasahar-monioussettingforthesixteen-year-oldsoftheworld.Whenyouaresixteen,adultsareslightlyim-pressedandalmostintimidatedbyyou.Thisisapuzzlefinallysolvedbytherealizationthattheyfore-seeyourmilitaryfuture:fightingforthem.Youdonotforeseeit.TowasteanythinginAmericaisim-moral.Stringandtinfoilaretreasures.Newspapersarealwayscrowedwithstrangemapsandnamesoftowns,andeveryfewmonthstheearthseemstolurch（突然傾斜）fromitspathwhenyouseesome-thinginthenewspapers,suchasthetimeMussolini,whoalmostseemedoneoftheeternalleaders,isphotographedhangingupsidedownonameathook.

1.Whichstatementbestdepictsthemainideaofthefirstparagraph?

2.Whydoestheauthorstillclearlyrememberthewar?

3.Whichstatementbestdescribestheauthor’sfeelingsaboutthewar?

4.Whydoestheauthorthinkthatadultsareimpressedwithsixteen-year-olds?

5.Whydoestheauthorsaythatstringandtinfoilaretreasures?

問題1選項

A.Realityiswhatyoumakeofit.

B.Timeislikeariver.

C.Emotionsarepowerful.

D.Everypersonhasaspecialmoment.

問題2選項

A.FranklinDelanoRooseveltwasPresident.

B.Itwashispersonalrealityandpartofhislife.

C.Therewasnotmuchtobuy.

D.Thewarwouldneverend.

問題3選項

A.Itwaseverrealforhim,yethewasnotactivelyinvolved.

B.Itwasrealforhimbecausehewasasoldieratthattime.

C.Itwasveryunrealtohim.

D.Thewarwasverydisruptivetothepeopleathome.

問題4選項

A.Adultswouldliketobeyoung.

B.Sixteen-year-oldsdonotwastethings.

C.Sixteen-year-oldsreadnewspapers.

D.Theywillbefightingsoonforadults.

問題5選項

A.Thewarhasmadethemscarce.

B.Theyareusefultosixteen-year-olds.

C.Helikedthemwhenhewassixteen.

D.Peopleareverywasteful.

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:B

第3題:A

第4題:D

第5題:A

【解析】1.第一段指出：everyonehasamomentinhishistory,whichbelongsparticularlytohim（每個人在他的歷史上都有一個屬于他的時刻）,選項D符合題意。

2.文章第二段指出：thewarwasandisrealityforme（戰爭對作者來說很真實），這是作者為何記住戰爭的原因，選項B符合題意。

3.文章第二段指出：Istillinstinctivelyliveandthinkinitsatmosphere.Thesearesomeofitscharacteristics，由此推測戰爭對他來說是非常真實的，但是文章中并沒有提到作者是一名戰士，因此選項A符合題意。

4.根據題干關鍵詞“adultsareimpressedwithsixteen-year-olds”定位至文章第三段：whenyouaresixteen,adultsareslightlyimpressedandalmostintimidatedbyyou.Thisisapuzzlefinallysolvedbytherealizationthattheyforeseeyourmilitaryfuture:fightingforthem.可知成年人之所有會對16歲少年印象深刻是因為他們知道這些少年將來會為他們打仗，選項D符合題意。

5.根據題干關鍵詞“Stringandtinfoilaretreasures”定位至第三段，第三段前面提到：Nylon,meat,gasoline,andsteelarerare，因此推測當時戰爭使得物資匱乏，后面指出了“Stringandtinfoilaretreasures”。故答案為A選項。

17.單選題

Heavyrainswerecausinginundationandmuchdamagethroughoutthecounty.

問題1選項

A.muchinconvenience

B.seriousconcern

C.overflowofwater

D.humanmisery

【答案】C

【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：暴雨引起了……并給整個國家帶來的很大的損害。muchinconvenience“極大的不便”；seriousconcern“深切關注”；overflowofwater“溢出的水”；humanmisery“人類的苦難”。根據“heavyrains”可推測出劃線單詞的意思是“洪水”，選項C符合題意。

18.單選題

Fromthehealthpointofviewwearelivinginamarvelousage.Weareimmunizedfrombirthagainstmanyofthemostdangerousdiseases.Alargenumberofoncefataldiseasescannowbecuredbymodemdrugsandsurgery.Itisalmostcertainthatonedayremedieswillbefoundforthemoststubbornremainingdiseases.Theexpectationoflifehasincreasedenormously.Butthoughthepossibilityoflivingalongandhappylifeisgreaterthaneverbefore,everydaywewitnesstheincredibleslaughterofmen,womenandchildrenontheroads.Manversusmotor-car!Itisanever-endingbattlewhichmanislosing.Thousandsofpeopletheworldoverarekilledorhorriblyinjuredeachyearandwearequietlysittingbackandlettingithappen.

Ithasbeenrightlysaidthatwhenamanissittingbehindasteeringwheel,hiscarbecomestheextensionofhispersonality.Thereisnodoubtthatthemotor-caroftenbringsoutaman'sveryworstqualities.Peoplewhoarenormallyquietandpleasantmaybecomeunrecognizablewhentheyarebehindthesteeringwheel.Theyswear,theyareill-manneredandaggressive,willfulastwo-year-oldsandutterlyselfish.Alltheirhiddenfrustrations,disappointmentsandjealousiesseemtobebroughttothesurfacebytheactofdriving.

Thesurprisingthingisthatsocietysmilessobenignlyonthemotoristandseemstocondonehisbehavior.Everythingisdoneforhisconvenience.Citiesareallowedtobecomealmostuninhabitablebecauseofheavytraffic;townsaremadeuglybyhugecarparks;thecountrysideisdesecratedbyroadnetworks;andthemassannualslaughterbecomesnothingmorethanastatistic,tobeconvenientlyforgotten.

Itishightimeaworldcodewerecreatedtoreducethissenselesswasteofhumanlife.Withregardtodriving,thelawsofsomecountriesarenotoriouslylaxandeventhestrictestarenotstrictenough.Acodewhichwasuniversallyacceptedcouldonlyhaveadramaticallybeneficialeffectontheaccidentrate.Hereareafewexamplesofsomeofthethingsthatmightbedone.Thedrivingtestshouldbestandardizedandmadefarmoredifficultthanitis;allthedriversshouldbemadetotakeatesteverythreeyearsorso;theageatwhichyoungpeopleareallowedtodriveanyvehicleshouldberaisedtoatleast21;allvehiclesshouldbeputthroughstringentannualtestforsafety.Eventhesmallestamountofalcoholinthebloodcanimpairaperson'sdrivingability.Presentdrinkinganddrivinglaws(wheretheyexist)shouldbemademuchstricter.Maximumandminimumspeedlimitsshouldbeimposedonallroads.Governmentsshouldlaydownsafetyspecificationsformanufacturers,ashasbeendoneintheUSA.Alladvertisingstressingpowerandperformanceshouldbebanned.Thesemeasuresmaysoundinordinatelyharsh.Butsurelynothingshouldbeconsideredastoosevereifitresultsinreducingtheannualtollofhumanlife.Afterall,theworldisforhumanbeings,notmotor-cars.

1.Themainideaofthispassageisthat（

）.

2.WhichofthestatementsbelowisNOTinkeepingwiththeimplicationofthe2ndparagraph?

3.WhichofthefollowingisNOTmentionedasacounter-measureagainsttrafficaccidents?

4.Theauthor’sattitudetowardthesocialphenomenonis（

）.

問題1選項

A.trafficaccidentsaremainlycausedbymotorists

B.onlystrictertrafficlawscanpreventroadaccidents

C.thelawsofsomecountriesaboutdrivingaretoolax

D.thousandsofpeopleovertheworldarekilledeachyear

問題2選項

A.Peopleusuallycannotstayquietandpleasantwhiledriving.

B.Peopleareusuallybesidethemselveswhentheyaredriving.

C.People'shiddenabilitiesareoftenbroughtintofullplaybytheacto