書山有路勤為徑，學海無涯苦作舟！住在富人區的她考研考博-英語-安徽警官職業學院考試押題三合一+答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請謹慎購買！第I卷一.綜合題庫-全考點押密(共120題)1.單選題

Theexplosionofastarisanawesomeevent.Themostviolentofthesecataclysms,whichproducesupernovae,probablydestroysastarcompletely.Withinourgalaxyofroughly100billionstarsthelastsupernovawasobservedin1604.Muchsmallerexplosions,however,occurquitefrequently,givingrisetowhatastronomerscallnovaeanddwarfnovae.Ontheorderof25novaeoccurinourgalaxyeveryyear,butonlytwoorthreearenearenoughtobeobserved.About100dwarfnovaeareknownaltogether.Iftheexplodingstarisinanearbypartofthegalaxy,itmaycreatea“newstar”thatwasnotpreviouslyvisibletothenakedeye.ThelastnewstarofthissortthatcouldbeobservedclearlyfromtheNorthernHemisphereappearedin1946.Inthesesmallerexplosionsthestarlosesonlyaminutefractionofitsmassandsurvivestoexplodeagain.

Astrophysicistsarefairlywellsatisfiedthattheycanaccountfortheexplosionsofsupernovae.Thenovaeanddwarfnovaehavepresentedmoreofapuzzle.Ishalldescriberecentinvestigationsthathaveprovidedimportantnewinformationaboutthesetwoclassesofexplodingstar.Thepicturethatemergesisquiteastonishing.Itappearsthateverydwarfnova—andperhapseverynova—isamemberofapairofstars.Thetwostarsaresoclosetogetherthattheyrevolvearoundapointthatliesbarelyoutsidethesurfaceofthelargerstar.Asaresulttheperiodofrotationisusuallyonlyafewhoursandtheirvelocitiesrangeupwardtowithinatwo-hundredththespeedoflight.

Astronomersusetheterm“cataclysmicvariable”toembracethethreegeneralclassesofexplodingstar:dwarfnovae,novae,andsupemovae.Acataclysmicvariableisdefinedasastarthatsuddenlyandunpredictablyincreasesinbrightnessbyafactorofatleast10.Dwarfnovaearestarsthatincreaseinbrightnessbyafactorof10too100withinaperiodofseveralhoursanddeclinetotheirformerbrightnessintwoorthreedays.Inthisperiodtheyemitsome1038to1039ergsofenergy.Atmaximumbrillianceadwarfnovashinesaboutasintenselyasoursun;previouslyithadbeenonlyaboutahundredthasbright.Thenumberofoutburstsrangesanywherefrom3to30ayear,butforanystartheintervalshaveafairlyconstantvalue.Moreover,themaximumbrightnessfromoutbursttooutburstisthesamewithinafactoroftwoforagivenstar.Thedwarfnovaeareoftenreferredto,aftertheirprototypes,asUGeminorumorSSCygnistars.(Thestarsofeachconstellationaredesignatedbylettersornumbers.)Asubgroupofdwarfnovae,calledZCamelopardalisstars,donotalwaysdescendtominimumbrightnessbetweenoutburstsbutmaystayatsomeintermediatelevelforseveralmonths.

1.Thetitlebelowthatbestexpressestheideasofthispassageis（

）.

2.Thereasonwhydwarfnovaeexplodeis

（

）.

3.Itislikelythatintheparagraphthatfollowsthispassagetheauthorwilldiscuss（

）.

4.ItcanbeseenfromthelastparagraphofthepassagethatZCamelopardalisstarsare

（

）.

5.Astronomersareacquaintedwithapproximately（

）.

問題1選項

A.CataclysmicVariables

B.ExplodingStars

C.MiraclesintheSkies

D.OurExpandingUniverse

問題2選項

A.thattheyemittremendousamountsofenergy

B.acataclysmicvariable

C.thattheyaretwinstars

D.notknown

問題3選項

A.thecharacteristicsoftheexplosionofanova

B.supernovae

C.oursunasadwarfnova

D.howthetwinstarsrevolve

問題4選項

A.supemovae

B.atminimumbrillianceforseveralmonths

C.belongingtoitssubgroupofadwarfnovaefamily

D.atmaximumbrillianceforalongertimethanotherstars

問題5選項

A.100dwarfnovae

B.35novae

C.10novae

D.3to30novaeayear

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:D

第3題:B

第4題:C

第5題:A

【解析】1.主旨大意題。文章第一段“Muchsmallerexplosions,however,occurquitefrequently,givingrisetowhatastronomerscallnovaeanddwarfnovae.”指出星體的爆炸及其產生的其他不同的星體——矮新星、新星和超新星。文章隨后介紹了天體物理學家對這些爆炸星體的觀察結果，并且天體物理學家將這三類爆炸的星體統稱為激變形變光星，最后文章對其中的矮新星進行了詳細的介紹。所以答案為B。

2.細節事實題。定位第二段中“Astrophysicistsarefairlywellsatisfiedthattheycanaccountfortheexplosionsofsupernovae.Thenovaeanddwarfnovaehavepresentedmoreofapuzzle天體物理學家都相當滿意，他們可以解釋超新星的爆炸。新星和矮新星更像是一個謎。”可知D項正確。

3.判斷推理題。題干問“在這篇文章之后的段落中作者將會探討？”定位到最后一段，“Astronomersusetheterm“cataclysmicvariable”toembracethethreegeneralclassesofexplodingstar:dwarfnovae,novae,andsupernovae.”天文學家使用“災變變量”一詞來概括爆炸恒星的三大類:矮新星、新星和超新星?！痹俳Y合前文中的“Astrophysicistsarefairlywellsatisfiedthattheycanaccountfortheexplosionsofsupenovae.Thenovaeanddwarfnovaehavepresentedmoreofapuzzle天體物理學家對他們能解釋超新星的爆炸相當滿意。新星和矮新星更像是一個謎?！奔热晃锢韺W家對超新星的爆炸相當滿意，可推知接下來可能會繼續探討有關超新星的問題。

4.細節事實題。定位到最后一段中“Asubgroupofdwarfnovae,calledZCamelopardalisstars,donotalwaysdescendtominimumbrightnessbetweenoutburstsbutmaystayatsomeintermediatelevelforseveralmonths.矮新星的子群，稱為Z鹿豹座恒星,其亮度不總是在爆發的間隙下降至最低，但或許在幾個月的時間里保持中等水平。可知C項“屬于矮新星科的一個亞群”正確。

5.細節事實題。由第一段中“About100dwarfnovaeareknownaltogether.已知的矮新星總共有大約100顆”可知A項正確。

2.單選題

Thefactthatthegoldeneagleusuallybuildsitsnestonsomehighcliffs（

）italmostimpossibletoobtaintheeggsortheyoungbirds.

問題1選項

A.renders

B.reckons

C.regards

D.relates

【答案】A

【解析】考查動詞詞義辨析。A選項render“致使”；B選項reckon“計算；認為，把……看作”；C選項regard“看待，認為”；D選項relate“有聯系，連接”。句意：金雕通常將巢筑在高高的懸崖上，這一事實使得獲取鳥蛋或小鳥幾乎不可能。結合句意，可知A選項正確。

3.單選題

Thejudgerebukedthepolicefortheirtreatmentoftheprisoner.

問題1選項

A.defended

B.reproved

C.approved

D.ratified

【答案】B

【解析】考查動詞詞義辨析。A選項defendedv.辯護，防護，保衛；B選項reprovedv.責罵，譴責，刁難；C選項approvedv.批準，贊成，審核；D選項ratifiedv.批準，認可。根據題意法官指責了警官對待犯人的方式可知，B項符合題意。

4.單選題

Howdotheprofessionaltimekeepersoftheworddetermine,totheprecisenanosecond,whenanewyearbegins?Theysimplyconsultanatomicclock.Andattheendoflastmonth,justintimetoringinthenewyear,theHewlett-Packardcompany,ofPaloAlto,California,unveiledthelatestinthesemeticuloustime-pieces.Fornearly30years,thefirmhasbeensupplyingmilitaryandscientificclientswithatomicclocks;themostadvancedmodelsneithergainnorlosemorethanasecondevery800,000years.Butthenewestversion,a$54,0000devicethesizeofadesktopcomputer,isaccuratetoonesecondin1.6millionyears—farlongerthanallofhumanhistorytodate.

Itisnaturaltowonderwhocouldpossiblyneedsuchprecision.Theanswer:practicallyeveryone,atleastindirectly.Telephoneandcomputernetworksrelyonatomicclockstosynchronizetheflowoftrillionsofbitsofinformationaroundthenationandtheworld,thusavoidingmammothelectroniclogjams.Televisionandradiostationsusetheclockstotimetheirbroadcasts.Satellite-basednavigationsystemsdependonthedevicestomeasurethearrivaltimeofradiosignalstowithinatinyfractionofsecond,allowinguserstogaugetheirlocationtowithinafewfeet.Thearmedforcesuseatomicclockstohelptrackthealmostimperceptiblemotionsofcontinentsacrossthesurfaceoftheearthandgalaxiesandstarsacrossthesky.EventhepeoplewhodroppedtheballinNewYorkCity’sTimesSquaretosignalthestartof1992reliedonatimekeepingsourcethatwaspeggedultimatelytoanatomicclock.

Theprinciplethatliesbehindallthisprecisioncomesoutofquantumphysics.Whenanatomisbombardedwithelectromagneticradiation—inthiscase,microwaves—itselectronsshiftintoanewenergystate.Eachtypeofatomrespondsmostreadilytoaparticularfrequencyofradiation.Forthecesium133atomsinmostatomicclocks,thefrequencyis9,192,613,770vibrationspersecond.Thatmeansthatwhenamicrowavebeaminsidetheclockissetexactlytothatfrequency,themaximumnumberofatomswillundergotheenergyshift.Thissignalstheclock’sinternalcomputerthatthedeviceiscorrectlytuned.Andinfact,itisthevibratingmicrowavesthatkeeptime;theatomsareusedjusttokeepthemontrack.

Theoretically,anatomicclockcouldkeepperfecttime,buttheactualperformancedependsonengineeringdetailsexactlyhowthemicrowaveshitthecesiumatoms,howsophisticatedtheelectronicsareandsoon.ItwasbyimprovingfactorslikethesethatHewett-Packardboosteditsclocks’performancefromincrediblygoodtoevenbetter.Thenextgenerationofclocksshoulddobettersill,butnooneissurewhenthatgenerationwillcomealong.Fornew,asecondeverymillionandahalfyearswillhavetodo.

31.Thenewestatomicclockisaccurateto______.

32.WhichofthefollowingisNOTmentioned?

33.Atomicclockisveryaccuratebecause______.

34.Thenextgenerationofclockwillbemade______.

問題1選項

A.30years

B.nomorethanasecondevery800,000years

C.asecondin1.6millionyears

D.$54,000

問題2選項

A.Televisionandradiostationsuseatomicclockstotimetheirbroadcasts.

B.Thearmedforcesuseatomicclockstotimesecretcallstosubmarinesaroundtheworld.

C.Scientistsuseatomicclockstogaugethelocationofcontinentsacrossthesurfaceoftheearth.

D.Telephoneandcomputernetworksrelyonatomicclockstosynchronizetheflowoflargeamountofinformationaroundthenationandtheworld.

問題3選項

A.quantumphysicskeepsperfecttime

B.thecesium133atomskeepsperfecttime

C.electro-magneticradiationkeepstime

D.thevibratingmicrowaveskeeptime

問題4選項

A.inasecond

B.inamillionyears

C.inahalfyear

D.inthetimenooneissureof

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:B

第3題:A

第4題:D

【解析】31.【試題答案】C

【試題解析】細節事實題。題干意思是“最新的原子鐘精確到……”。根據第一段最后一句Butthenewestversion,a$54,0000devicethesizeofadesktopcomputer,isaccuratetoonesecondin1.6millionyears（但是最新的版本，一臺價值540000美元的臺式電腦大小的設備，精確到160萬年中的一秒）可知，C項“160萬年一秒”正確，D項“54000美元”不符合題干。根據第一段倒數第二句Fornearly30years,thefirmhasbeensupplyingmilitaryandscientificclientswithatomicclocks;themostadvancedmodelsneithergainnorlosemorethanasecondevery800,000years.（近30年來，該公司一直為軍事和科研客戶提供原子鐘；最先進的模型每80萬年增加或減少的時間都不超過一秒。）可知，A項“30年”錯誤，B項“每80萬年不超過一秒”是最先進的版本，并不是最新的。因此，該題選擇C項正確。

32.【試題答案】B

【試題解析】細節事實題。題干意思是“以下哪項沒有提到？”。由第二段第二句Telephoneandcomputernetworksrelyonatomicclockstosynchronizetheflowoftrillionsofbitsofinformationaroundthenationandtheworld,thusavoidingmammothelectroniclogjams.（電話和計算機網絡依靠原子鐘來同步全國和全世界數萬億比特信息的流動，從而避免了巨大的電子堵塞。）可知，D項“電話和計算機網絡依靠原子鐘來同步全國和世界各地大量信息的流動”符合原文。由第二段第三句Televisionandradiostationsusetheclockstotimetheirbroadcasts.（電視和廣播電臺用這些鐘來給他們的廣播計時。）可知，A項“電視和廣播電臺使用原子鐘來計時他們的廣播”有提到。根據第二段倒數第二句和第三句Satellite-basednavigationsystemsdependonthedevicestomeasurethearrivaltimeofradiosignalstowithinatinyfractionofsecond,allowinguserstogaugetheirlocationtowithinafewfeet.Thearmedforcesuseatomicclockstohelptrackthealmostimperceptiblemotionsofcontinentsacrossthesurfaceoftheearthandgalaxiesandstarsacrossthesky.（基于衛星的導航系統依靠這些設備來測量無線電信號的到達時間，誤差不超過幾分之一秒，這讓用戶可以在幾英尺內測量自己的位置。軍隊使用原子鐘來追蹤地球表面上幾乎無法察覺的大陸運動，以及天空中星系和恒星的運動。）可知，使用原子鐘來追蹤大陸在地表上的位置在文中有提到，但是軍隊使用原子鐘來計時秘密呼叫在文中并沒有體現，所以B項“武裝部隊使用原子鐘來計時向世界各地的潛艇發出的秘密呼叫”錯誤，C項“科學家使用原子鐘來測量大陸在地球表面的位置”正確。因此，該題選擇B項正確。

33.【試題答案】A

【試題解析】細節事實題。題干意思是“原子鐘非常準確是因為……”。根據文章第三段首句Theprinciplethatliesbehindallthisprecisioncomesoutofquantumphysics.（所有這些精確背后的原理來自量子物理學。）可知，原子鐘的精準性是來源于量子物理學，A項“量子物理精確計時”正確。B項“133銫原子精確計時”、C項“電磁輻射計時”和D項“振動的微波計時”都是原子鐘的原理，屬于量子物理。因此，該題選擇A項正確。

34.【試題答案】D

【試題解析】細節事實題。題干意思是“下一代時鐘將在……時候制造出來”。文章最后一段倒數第二句指出Thenextgenerationofclocksshoulddobettersill,butnooneissurewhenthatgenerationwillcomealong.（下一代鐘表應該會做得更好，但沒人確定這一代何時會出現。）可知，D項“沒人能確定”正確。A項“一秒鐘”、B項“一百萬年”和C項“半年”都不正確。因此，該題選擇D項正確。

5.單選題

Theexaminationquestiontotallyperplexedher.

問題1選項

A.fascinated

B.confused

C.enlightened

D.saddened

【答案】B

【解析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。A選項fascinated“著迷的；被深深吸引的”；B選項confused“困惑的；混亂的；糊涂的”；C選項enlightened“開明的；文明的；有知識的；覺悟的”；D選項saddened“難過的；悲傷的”。句意：考題把她完全難住了。結合此處關鍵詞question（問題），得知B選項正確。

6.單選題

Inpracticethetheoryoftenleavesrailroadsinthepositionofdeterminingwhichcompanieswillflourishandwhichwillfail.

問題1選項

A.decline

B.fluctuate

C.frustrate

D.prosper

【答案】D

【解析】考查動詞詞義辨析。A選項decline“下降；衰落；謝絕”；B選項fluctuate“波動；漲落；動搖”；C選項frustrate“失敗；受挫”；D選項prosper“繁榮，昌盛；成功”。句意：在實踐中，這一理論往往使鐵路公司處于決定哪些公司會興旺發達、哪些會倒閉的位置。結合此處關鍵詞fail“衰?。坏归]”，可推測前文的單詞應是與之相反的詞，得知D選項正確。

7.單選題

ItwaswithgreatdelightthatIreadinyourFebruary（）thelettertotheEditorwrittenbyProf.Johnson.

問題1選項

A.copy

B.issue

C.magazine

D.printing

【答案】B

【解析】考查名詞辨析。A選項copy“抄送，副本”；B選項issue“問題，期號”；C選項magazine“雜志”；D選項printing“印刷”。句意：我非常高興在貴刊二月的一期中讀到了約翰遜教授寫給編輯的信。這里指的是某雜志二月份的那一期，所以選項B符合語境。

8.單選題

Thepuritanarmyexecutedtheking,abolishedtheHouseofLords,andgottheHouseof

Commonsto（）Englanda"commonwealth",orrepublic.

問題1選項

A.proclaim

B.reclaim

C.exclaim

D.declaim

【答案】A

【解析】句意:清教徒軍隊處決了國王，廢除了上議院，并讓下議院宣布英格蘭為“聯邦”或共和國。

考查動詞辨析。proclaim宣布；宣稱；reclaim開拓；改造某人;exclaim呼喊；declaim演講；朗讀?？崭裉巹釉~后面的句意為“英格蘭為“聯邦”或共和國”，因此A符合句意。

9.單選題

Thatkindofbirdhasbecomemore____aroundherelately;weshouldprotectthemfrombeingshot.

問題1選項

A.various

B.numerable

C.multiple

D.numerous

【答案】D

【解析】【選項釋義】

A.various各種各樣的B.numerable可數的

C.multiple數量多的D.numerous許多的

【答案】D

【考查點】形容詞辨析

【解題思路】空格所在部分語義為“這種鳥最近在這里變得更加____（more____）了”，空格處所填詞在該句中做表語；根據后文“我們應該保護它們不受槍擊”推測，這種鳥在這里可能會被獵殺，一般鳥多的地方會出現偷獵行為，因此數量變多了符合原句語義銜接，D選項numerous“許多的”符合題意。

【干擾項排除】

A選項various“各種各樣的”不符合原句語義銜接；

B選項numerable“可數的”，是numerous的形近詞，但不符合原句語義銜接；

C選項multiple“數量多的”，只能用于名詞前，做定語，但原句中空格后沒有名詞；

【句意】最近這種鳥在這里越來越多了；我們應該保護它們不受槍擊。

10.單選題

Reportersandphotographersaliketookgreat（

）attherudewaytheactorbehavedduringtheinterview.

問題1選項

A.annoyance

B.offence

C.resentment

D.irritation

【答案】B

【解析】句意:記者和攝像師們都因為這個演員在采訪中的無禮行為而感到被冒犯。

名詞辨析。惱怒,生氣;offence冒犯;常用于短語takeoffenceatsth.表示“因為某事而感到被傷害、被冒犯”；resentment怨恨;irritation憤怒。因此根據句意及搭配推斷B項正確。

11.填空題

Chongqing（1）tobepartofSichuan,butitwas（2）fromtheprovincein1997andmade（3）self-governingmunicipality.Thenewpoliticalunithasapopulation（4）about33millionpeople,butonly7.5millionofthemliveintheurbanarea.The（5）ofthemliveinthenearbydistrictsthatarepartofthemunicipality.

【答案】1.used

2.separated

3.a

4.of

5.rest

【解析】1.固定搭配。usedtobe曾經是。

2.固定搭配。beseparatedfrom與……分離

3.語法分析。此處填不定冠詞a,表示“一個”。

4.語義題。Hasapopulationof后面接具體人數表示“有…人”。

5.語義題。Rest其余的。

12.單選題

Scientistshopethecollisionwillproducealargecraterinthecomet’ssurfaceinordertorevealthecoreandgivesome______totheoriginofthesolarsystem.

問題1選項

A.sources

B.interpretations

C.clues

D.observations

【答案】C

【解析】考查名詞辨析。A項source“來源，水源，原始資料”，B項interpretation“解釋，翻譯，演出”，C項clue“線索，（故事等的）情節”，D項observation“觀察，監視，觀察報告”。根據givesome______totheoriginofthesolarsystem“為太陽系的起源提供一些……”可知，“線索”符合語境。句意：科學家們希望這次碰撞將在彗星表面產生一個巨大的隕石坑，以便揭示其核心，并為太陽系的起源提供一些線索。因此，該題選擇C項正確。

13.問答題

ThereasonwhyJamesBondmoviesare(A)sopopularis(B)because(C)theycombinetheappealoftraditionalspy(D)storieswiththeappealoftechnologicaldevices.

【答案】試題答案：C；that

【解析】考查名詞性從句。Thereasonwhy...isthat表語從句（……的原因是……）是固定句型，is后面用that，不能用because。

14.單選題

Mrs.Affluenceiswidelyknownasa______whohasgivenmillionsofdollarstocharityandwhosegenerosityhashelpedcountlesspoorpeople.

問題1選項

A.pauper

B.glutton

C.conformist

D.philanthropist

【答案】D

【解析】【選項釋義】

A.pauper窮人，乞丐B.glutton暴食者，貪食者

C.conformist循規蹈矩的人D.philanthropist慈善者，博愛主義者

【答案】D

【考查點】名詞辨析。

【解題思路】分析句子可知，who引導的定語從句是修飾空格處的詞語，根據從句內容“她捐獻了數百萬美元給慈善團體，她的慷慨行為已經幫助了無數窮人”可知，空格處填入“慈善家”符合句意。因此，該題選擇D項。

【干擾項排除】A、B、C項不符合句意。

15.單選題

Johnhassuch（）powerthathisfriendsalwaysbehaveinthewaythathewantsthemto.

問題1選項

A.convincing

B.feasible

C.operational

D.manipulative

【答案】A

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。A項convincing“令人信服的，有說服力的”，B項feasible“可行的，可能的”，C項operational“操作的，運作的”，D項manipulative“巧妙處理的，操縱的”。根據空格后面的句意“他的朋友們總是按他所希望的那樣行事”可知，空格部分填入convincing最合適。句意：約翰很有說服力，他的朋友們總是按他所希望的那樣行事。因此，該題選擇A項正確。

16.單選題

Accordingtoanthropologists,peopleinpre-industrialsocietiesspent3to4hoursperdayorabout20hoursperweekdoingtheworknecessaryforlife.Moderncomparisonsoftheamountofworkperformedperweek,however,beginwiththeIndustrialRevolution（1760-1840）when10-to-12-hourworkdayswithsixworkdaysperweekwerethenorm.Even,withextensivetimedevotedtowork,however,bothincomesandstandardsoflivingwerelow.AsincomesroseneartheendoftheIndustrialRevolution,itbecameincreasinglycommontotreatSaturdayafternoonsasahalf-dayholiday.ThehalfholidayhadbecomestandardpracticeinBritainbythe1870’s,butdidnotbecomecommonintheUnitedStatesuntilthe1920’s.

IntheUnitedStates,thefirstthirdofthetwentiethcenturysawtheworkweekmovefrom60hoursperweektojustunder50hoursbythestartofthe19305s.In1914HenryFordreduceddailyworkhoursathisautomobileplantsfrom9to8.In1926heannouncedthathenceforthhisfactorieswouldclosefortheentiredayonSaturday.Atthetime,FordreceivedcriticismfromotherfirmssuchasUnitedStatesSteelandWestinghouse,buttheideawaspopularwithworkers.

TheDepressionyearsofthe1930havebroughtwiththemthenotionofjobsharingtospreadavailableworkaround;theworkweekdroppedtoamodemlowfortheUnitedStatesof35hours.In1938theFairLaborStandardsActmandatedaweeklymaximumof40hourstobeginin1940,andsincethattimethe8-hourday,5-dayworkweekhasbeenthestandardintheUnitedStates.Adjustmentsinvariousplaces,however,showthatthisstandardisnotimmutable.In1987,forexample,Germanmetalworkersstruckforandreceiveda37.5-hourworkweek;andin1990manyworkersinBritainwona37-hourweek.Since1989,theJapanesegovernmenthasmovedfroma6-toa5-dayworkweekandhassetanationaltargetof1800workhoursperyearfortheaverageworker.TheaverageamountofworkperyearinJapanin1989was2088hoursperworker,comparedto1957fortheUnitedStatesand1646forFrance.

1.Whatdoesthepassagemainlydiscuss?

2.Comparedtopre-industrialtimes,thenumberofhoursintheworkweekinthenineteenthcentury（）.

3.WhatisonereasonforthechangeinthelengthoftheworkweekfortheaverageworkerintheUnitedStatesduringthe1930’s?

4.WhichofthefollowingismentionedasoneofthepurposesoftheFairLaborStandardsActof1938?

5.WhichofthefollowingisNOTmentionedasevidencethatthelengthoftheworkweekhasbeendecliningsincethenineteenthcentury?

問題1選項

A.Whypeopleinpre-industrialsocietiesworkedfewhoursperweek

B.WorkingconditionsduringtheIndustrialRevolution

C.Acomparisonofthenumberofhoursworkedperyearinseveralindustries

D.Changesthathaveoccurredinthenumberofhoursthatpeopleworkperweek

問題2選項

A.remainedconstant

B.decreasedslightly

C.increasedsignificantly

D.decreasedsignificantly

問題3選項

A.TheUnitedStatesgovernmentinstituteda35-hourworkweek.

B.LaborstrikesinseveralcountriesinfluencedlaborpolicyintheUnitedStates.

C.Severalcorporationsincreasedthelengthoftheworkweek.

D.Severalpeoplesometimessharedasinglejob.

問題4選項

A.Todiscourageworkersfromaskingforincreasedwages

B.Toallowemployerstosetthelengthoftheworkweekfortheirworkers

C.Toestablishalimitonthenumberofhoursintheworkweek

D.Torestricttradewithcountriesthathadalongworkweek

問題5選項

A.Thehalf-dayholiday

B.UnitedStatesSteelandWestinghouse

C.HenryFord

D.Germanmetalworkers

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:C

第3題:D

第4題:C

第5題:B

【解析】1.主旨大意題。本文首先將前工業時代的周工時與工業革命時期的周工時進行比較，接著說明了不同年代周工時的變化。故D項“人們每周工作的時長發生了變化”正確。

2.細節事實題。根據題干關鍵詞pre-industrialtimes定位到第一段“peopleinpre-industrialsocietiesspent3to4hoursperdayorabout20hoursperweekdoingtheworknecessaryforlife.Moderncomparisonsoftheamountofworkperformedperweek,however,beginwiththeIndustrialRevolution（1760-1840）when10-to-12-hourworkdayswithsixworkdaysperweekwerethenorm.前工業社會的人們每天花3到4個小時，或每周花20個小時做生活所必需的工作。然而，對每周工作量的現代比較始于工業革命（1760年至1840年），當時每周工作6天、每天工作10至12小時是常態?！睋丝芍?9世紀每周的工作時間相比前工業時代有大幅增長。故C項正確。

3.細節事實題。由題干定位到第三段“TheDepressionyearsofthe1930havebroughtwiththemthenotionofjobsharingtospreadavailableworkaround;theworkweekdroppedtoamodernlowfortheUnitedStatesof35hours.20世紀30年代的經濟大蕭條帶來了工作分擔的概念，使人們可以到處尋找工作;在美國，每周工作時間降至35小時的現代最低點。”可知美國周工時下降的原因是一些人共同分擔一個工作。故D項正確。

4.細節事實題。由題干關鍵詞“FairLaborStandardsAct”定位到第三段“In1938theFairLaborStandardsActmandatedaweeklymaximumof40hourstobeginin1940,andsincethattimethe8-hourday,5-dayworkweekhasbeenthestandardintheUnitedStates.1938年，《公平勞動標準法》（FairLaborStandardsAct）規定，從1940年開始，每周工作時間不得超過40小時。從那以后，8小時工作制和5天工作制就成了美國的標準?！庇纱丝芍摲ò冈O定每周40小時的工作時間的目的是給美國工人提出的一個工作標準，以此限定每周的工時。故C項正確。

5.細節事實題。文中有關“UnitedStatesSteelandWestinghouse”的內容出現在“In1926heannouncedthathenceforthhisfactorieswouldclosefortheentiredayonSaturday.Atthetime,FordreceivedcriticismfromotherfirmssuchasUnitedStatesSteelandWestinghouse,buttheideawaspopularwithworkers.1926年，他宣布從今以后他的工廠將在星期六全天關閉。當時，福特受到了美國鋼鐵公司（UnitedStatesSteel）和西屋電氣公司（Westinghouse）等其他公司的批評，但這個想法受到了工人的歡迎?！庇纱丝芍@兩個公司不贊成福特周六不上班的想法。故B項不是自19世紀以來周工時削減的證據。答案B。

17.單選題

IthasbeenannouncedthatphysicistsfromdifferentcountrieswillgatherinNewYorkfora____nextmonth.

問題1選項

A.symphony

B.symmetry

C.symposium

D.symptom

【答案】C

【解析】【選項釋義】

A.symphony交響樂B.symmetry對稱（性）

C.symposium研討會D.symptom征兆

【考查點】語義銜接與形近詞辨析

【解題思路】前文提到“來自不同國家的物理學家聚集到一起”，而空格處所填詞是他們聚集到一起的目的，C選項symposium“研討會”最符合語義邏輯。

【干擾項排除】A、B、D選項均為symposium“研討會”的形近詞，但都不能使原句前后語義銜接。

【句意】據通知，來自不同國家的物理學家將于下個月聚集在紐約參加一個研討會。

18.單選題

InFebruaryof2005,PhilBelfiorewasteachinghisseventh-gradestudentshowtowriteapoemintentionallycopyingthestyleoftheRobertfrost’s“StoppingbyWoodsonaSnowyEvening”.Helikedthesamplethathehadwrittenforthem,soherecordeditonhishomeansweringmachine:“WhosephonethisisIthinkyouknow/Icannotansweritnowthough/Sostateyourname,beveryclear/I’llcallyoubackwhenIgethome.’’.

Thatactwouldleadtooneofthemostunusualfriendshipsofhislife.

WhenPhilandhisfamilyreturnedtoMarylandfromEastervacation,helistenedtohisvoicemessages.Onegentlemancallerapologizedfordialingthewrongnumber.Butheaddedhe’dheartilyenjoyedthepoem.Phillaughedandthoughtnothingmoreofit,untilthephonerangafewdayslater.

“Irecognizedthevoiceimmediately,”recallsPhil,now57.“Hesaidthathewassorrytobotherme,buthewascallingtohearthepoemagain.”

Thetwomentalked.JohnThompson,aveterannow73,livedinCheyenneWyoming.Itturnedoutthathisbrother,David’sphonenumberwasdifferentfromPhil’sbyonedigit,thusthewrongnumber.“Beforehangingup,Itoldhimtocallbackanytimewhethertohearmoreofthepoemorjusttotalk”recallsPhil.

Thatwas11yearsago.They’vespokenonthephoneafewtimesamontheversince.Johninitiatesmostcalls,butPhilwillringifawhilehaspassed.“Weseemtoalwaysconnectwhenthere’sbeenabigsportsevent.”Philsays.

Themendiscussfootballandfamily.JohnwilltalkexcitedlyabouthispastlifeorupdatePhilonfolkshehasbeenintouchwith.“Slowlyovertheyearsourconversationshavegrownmuchmorepersonal,”saysPhil.“WetalkprimarilyaboutJohn’shealth,andlovelife.Alsoourrelatives,hobbies,andwhateverelsecomesup.Sometimeswejusttalkforaminutetoseehowtheotherisdoing.”

“Likeoldfriends?”Iaskeagerly.I’mtryingtounderstandfromPhilwhatdrawsthesementoeachother.’’Weareoldfriends.’’,Philsays.

Noneedtooverthinkit.John,whoover11yearshassharedalittleofhimselfatatime,haswovenhimselfintothefabricofPhil’slife.IcallJohnandfindhimanengagingstorytellerwithanexceptionalmemory.HetellsmestoriesofhischildhoodvisitingCapitolHill.

Intheyearssince,JohnandPhilhaveplannedtomeettwice,butcircumstancesconspiredagainstthem.Neithermindsthislatest“haven’t”.Theyhaven’tgonetoagametogether,hadacupofcoffeetogether,orsatontheotherssofa.Theirfriendshipisbasedonthesimpleactofpickingupthephone.It’sassimple,andasextraordinary,asthat.

1.WhocomposedtheverseonthePhil’shomeansweringmachine?

2.ThereasonwhyJohnfirstcalledPhilwasthathewantedto_______.

3.Whatdidthetwomentalkaboutmostduringtheirtalks?

4.WhatdoweknowaboutJohnandPhil?

問題1選項

A.PhilBelfiore

B.JohnThompson

C.Robertfrost

D.DavidThompson

問題2選項

A.learntowritepoems

B.gotoPhil’sbirthdaylunch

C.connecthisbrother

D.discussRobertfrostwithhim

問題3選項

A.Storiesandholidayromance

B.Travelandexoticplaces

C.Poemsandliterature

D.Sportsandfamily

問題4選項

A.Theywerebestfriendswhohadnotyetmetinperson.

B.Theywerebothpoetswhohadpassionforversecomposition.

C.Theyweregoodstorytellerswhohadextraordinarymemories.

D.Theywerebothveteranswholikedchattingonphoneforhours.

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:C

第3題:D

第4題:A

【解析】1.【試題答案】A

【試題解析】事實細節題。題干：誰編著了菲爾家答錄機里的這首詩？通過題干定位到文章第一段的第二句話Helikedthesamplethathehadwrittenforthem,soherecordeditonhishomeansweringmachine（他很喜歡他寫給學生的樣例，所以他將其錄入了家里的答錄機），這里的“he”代指的就是前文中提到的“PhilBelfiore”，因此A選項“菲爾?貝爾菲奧爾”，符合題意。其他選項均不是答錄機里這首詩的作家。綜上所述，本題正確答案為A選項。

2.【試題答案】C

【試題解析】事實細節題。題干：約翰首次呼叫菲爾的原因是他想要……？通過題干定位到文章第三段第二句話Onegentlemancallerapologizedfordialingthewrongnumber.（一位紳士為打錯電話而道歉。），第五段第三句話再次提及Itturnedoutthathisbrother,David’sphonenumberwasdifferentfromPhil’sbyonedigit,thusthewrongnumber.（約翰的哥哥大衛的電話號碼和菲爾家的僅差一個數字，所以打錯了電話），可以推斷出約翰本來想和他的哥哥打電話，因為按錯了號碼打給了菲爾，因此C選項“聯系他哥哥”，符合題意；A選項“學習怎么寫詩”，B選項“參加菲爾的生日宴會”和D選項“和他探討羅伯特這位詩人”，在文中均未提及。綜上所述，本題正確答案為C選項。

3.【試題答案】D

【試題解析】事實細節題。題干：兩位男士談論得最多的是?通過題干定位到文章第七段Themendiscussfootballandfamily…“Slowlyovertheyearsourconversationshavegrownmuchmorepersonal,’’saysPhil.“WetalkprimarilyaboutJohn’shealth,andlovelife.Alsoourrelatives,hobbies,andwhateverelsecomesup…”（男人們談論足球和家庭……“這些年來，我們的談話慢慢變得越來越私人。”菲爾說?！拔覀冎饕務摷s翰的健康和感情生活，還有我們的親戚、愛好和其他的……”），可知D選項“運動和家庭”，符合題意；A選項“故事和假期”；B選項“旅行和異國”；C選項“詩歌和文學”，在文中均未提及。綜上所述，本題正確答案為D選項。

4.【試題答案】A

【試題解析】推理判斷題。題干：關于約翰和菲爾，我們知道什么？A選項“他們是沒有見過面的最好的朋友”，由文章最后一段第一句話JohnandPhilhaveplannedtomeettwice,butcircumstancesconspiredagainstthem.（約翰和菲爾有過兩次見面計劃，但是情況都有變動。），可知他們從沒見面過，故A選項正確；B選項“他們都是對詩歌創作很有熱情的詩人”，D選項“他們都是喜歡長時間打電話的退伍軍人”文中提及菲爾是教師，約翰是退伍老兵，因此B，D選項錯誤；C選項“他們都是有特殊回憶的善于說故事的人”，文章倒數第二段第二句提及IcallJohnandfindhimanengagingstorytellerwithanexceptionalmemory.（我認為約翰是一位有特殊回憶的善于說故事的人），但是并沒有