書山有路勤為徑，學海無涯苦作舟！住在富人區的她考研考博-英語-太原工業學院考試押題卷含答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請謹慎購買！第I卷一.綜合題庫-全考點押密(共100題)1.單選題

Itisamazingthattworesearchesworkingindependentlymadethesamediscovery______.

問題1選項

A.spontaneously

B.simultaneously

C.collaboratively

D.conscientiously

【答案】A

【解析】考查副詞辨析。A選項spontaneously“自發地”；B選項simultaneously“同時地”；C選項collaboratively“協作地”；D選項conscientiously“良心上”。句意：令人驚訝的是，兩個獨立工作的研究人員______獲得同樣的發現。根據語境，這里指兩個研究人員在研究時互不聯系，沒有任何外部的干涉，卻有相同的發現，A選項spontaneously“自發地”符合題意。因此A選項正確。

2.單選題

Thegirlhadan（）mannerwhichmadeherverypopularatschool.

問題1選項

A.insoutiant

B.insouciant

C.insousant

D.insuciant

【答案】B

【解析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。B選項insouciant“漫不經心的，漠不關心的；無憂無慮的”；A，C和D這三項在英語中不存在。句意：這個女孩有著無憂無慮的舉止，這讓她在學校很受歡迎。結合句意，B選項正確。

3.單選題

Withtechnologicalchanges,manytraditionalskillshavebecome（

）.

問題1選項

A.isolated

B.absolute

C.obsolete

D.obsessive

【答案】C

【解析】【試題解析】考查形容詞辨析。A選項isolated“孤立的；孤獨的；單獨的”；B選項absolute“完全的；絕對的”；C選項obsolete“淘汰的，過時的”；D選項obsessive“癡迷的，迷戀的；過度的”。填入形容詞做表語，說明traditionalskills“傳統技藝”，由關鍵信息technologicalchanges可知obsolete“淘汰的，過時的”符合題意，句意為：隨著技術的進步，許多傳統技藝已經過時了。故答案選C。

4.單選題

Sincethedatafromtheexperimentsarenoteasytobeanalysed,itwillbeseveralweeksbeforeweknowwhetherwearefreetoproceedwiththesecondpartofourresearchprogram.

問題1選項

A.from

B.arenoteasy

C.tobeanalysed

D.freetoproceedwith

【答案】B

【解析】語法錯誤。主謂不一致。are改成is。主語thedata為單數，故系動詞應該用is。

5.單選題

Inthebusyholidayseason,extrabusesareprovidedto（）theexistingservice.

問題1選項

A.supplement

B.complement

C.implement

D.experiment

【答案】A

【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析。supplement“補充，增補”；complement“補足，補助”；implement“實現，執行”；experiment“嘗試，進行試驗”。句意：在繁忙的假日，會增加一些公車來滿足現有的服務。選項A符合題意。

6.單選題

Ifounditdifficultto（）mycareerambitionswiththeneedtobringupmy

children.

問題1選項

A.intensify

B.amend

C.reconcile

D.consolidate

【答案】C

【解析】動詞辨析。intensify使增加，加劇；amend修改；reconcile使順從，和解；consolidate合并，鞏固，加強。句意：我發現很難讓我的事業抱負（）撫養孩子的需求。reconcilewith意為“使一致，和好，調解”，因此C選項符合句意。

7.單選題

Overthepasttenyears,naturalgasproductionhasremainedsteady,but（）hasrisensteadily.

問題1選項

A.consumption

B.dissipation

C.disposal

D.expenditure

【答案】A

【解析】考查名詞辨析。consumption“消費”；dissipation“浪費，消散”；disposal“處理，支配”；expenditure“支出，花費”。句意：在過去十年里，天然氣產量保持穩定，但是銷量卻穩步上升。A項符合題意。

8.單選題

Thefillingstation（）becausethereweretoomanyothersonthestreet.

問題1選項

A.wentunder

B.wentthrough

C.fellout

D.fellthrough

【答案】A

【解析】考查詞組辨析。A選項gounder“破產，屈服”；B選項gothrough“參加，經受，仔細檢查，通過”；C選項fellout“爭吵”；D選項fellthrough“未能實現”。句意：這個加油站破產了，因為街上還有很多其他的加油站。選項A符合語境。

9.單選題

Duringthemid-1980s,myfamilyandIspenta（1）yearinthehistorictownofSt.Andrews,Scotland.ComparinglifetherewithlifeinAmerica,wewereimpressedbya

（2）

disconnectionbetweennationalwealthandwell-being.TomostAmericans,Scottishlifewouldhaveseemed

（3）

.IncomeswereabouthalfthatintheU.S.AmongfamiliesintheKingdomofFifesurroundingSt.Andrews,44percentdidnotownacar,andwenevermetafamilythatownedtwo.Centralheatinginthisplace

（4）

southofIcelandwas,atthattime,stillaluxury.

Inhundredsofconversationsduringouryearthereandduringthreehalfsummerstayssince,we

（5）

noticethat,

（6）

theirsimplerliving,theScotsappeared（7）

joyfulthanAmericans.WeheardcomplaintsaboutMargaretThatcher,butneveraboutbeingunderpaidorunabletoaffordwants.

Withinanycountry,suchasourown,arerichpeoplehappier?Inpoorcountries,beingrelativelywelloffdoesmake

（8）

somewhatbetterwelloff.Butinaffluentcountries,wherenearlyeveryonecanaffordlife'snecessities,increasingaffluencematters

（9）

little.IntheU.S.,Canada,andEurope,thecorrelationbetweenincomeandhappinessis,asUniversityofMichiganresearchernotedina1980s16-nationstudy,“virtually

（10）

”.Happinessislower

（11）

theverypoor.Butoncecomfortable,moremoneyprovidesdiminishingreturns.

Evenveryrichpeopleareonlyslightlyhappierthanaverage.Withnetworthall

（12）

$100million,providing

（13）

moneytobuythingstheydon'tneedandhardlycareabout,4in5ofthe49peoplerespondingtosurveyagreedthat“Moneycanincreaseordecreasehappiness,dependingonhowitisused”.Andsomewereindeedunhappy.Onefabulously

（14）

mansaidhecouldneverrememberbeinghappy.Onewomanreportedthatmoney

（15）

miserycausedbyherchildren'sproblems.

Attheotherendoflife'scircumstancesaremostvictimsofdisablingtragedies.Yet,remarkably,mosteventuallyrecoveranear-normallevelofday-to-dayhappiness.Thus,universitystudentswhomustcopewithdisabilitiesare

（16）able-bodiedstudentstoreportthemselveshappy,andtheirfriendsagreewiththeirself-perceptions.

Wehave

（17）

theAmericandreamofachievedwealthandwell-beingbycomparingrichandunrichcountries,andrichandunrichpeople.Thatleavesthefinalquestion:Overtime,doeshappinessrisewithaffluence?

Typicallynot.Lotterywinnersappeartogainbutatemporaryjoltofjoyfromtheirwinnings.Onasmallscale,ajumpinourincomecanboostourmorale,forawhile.Butinthelongrun,neitheranicecreamconenoranewcarnorbecomingrichandfamousproducesthesamefeelingsofdelightthatitinitially

（18）

.Happinessisnottheresultofbeingrich,buta

（19）

consequenceofhavingrecentlybecomericher.Wealth,itthereforeseems,islikehealth:Althoughitsutterabsencecanbreedmisery,havingitdoesnotguaranteehappiness.Happinessis

（20）

amatterofgettingwhatwewantthanofwantingwhatwehave.

問題1選項

A.underpaid

B.prosperous

C.affluent

D.sabbatical

問題2選項

A.assumed

B.seeming

C.seemed

D.seemly

問題3選項

A.precarious

B.imprudent

C.spartan

D.gallant

問題4選項

A.notfar

B.asfaras

C.farfrom

D.farto

問題5選項

A.virtually

B.remarkably

C.ideally

D.repeatedly

問題6選項

A.forasmuch

B.despite

C.considering

D.inasmuch

問題7選項

A.noless

B.less

C.more

D.nomore

問題8選項

A.for

B.up

C.out

D.over

問題9選項

A.scarely

B.intentionally

C.surprisingly

D.provisionally

問題10選項

A.diminishing

B.negligible

C.tripled

D.perceivable

問題11選項

A.in

B.on

C.upon

D.among

問題12選項

A.exceeded

B.exceeding

C.excess

D.excessive

問題13選項

A.utter

B.messy

C.greedy

D.ample

問題14選項

A.prosperous

B.triumphant

C.jubilant

D.victorious

問題15選項

A.couldundo

B.couldintensify

C.couldnotundo

D.couldnotintensify

問題16選項

A.asplausibleas

B.notasplausibleas

C.aslikelyas

D.notaslikelyas

問題17選項

A.ventilated

B.deliberated

C.speculated

D.scrutinized

問題18選項

A.does

B.did

C.hasdone

D.is

問題19選項

A.new

B.favorite

C.temporary

D.normal

問題20選項

A.more

B.less

C.better

D.worse

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:B

第3題:C

第4題:A

第5題:D

第6題:B

第7題:A

第8題:A

第9題:C

第10題:B

第11題:D

第12題:B

第13題:D

第14題:A

第15題:C

第16題:C

第17題:D

第18題:B

第19題:C

第20題:B

【解析】第1題:（1）詞義辨析。A選項underpaid“所得報酬過低的”；B選項prosperous“繁榮的；興旺的”；C選項affluent“富裕的；豐富的；流暢的”；D選項sabbatical“休假的”。由空格后“inthehistorictownofSt.Andrews,Scotland在蘇格蘭有歷史意義的圣安德魯斯鎮”可知“休假的”符合語境，所以D選項正確。

第2題:（2）詞義辨析。A選項assumed“假定的；假裝的”；B選項seeming“表面上的；似乎是的”；C選項seemed為動詞seem“似乎；像是；裝作”的過去式；D選項seemly“適合地；得體地”。由空格后“disconnectionbetweennationalwealthandwell-being國家財富和幸福之間的分離”可知“表面上的”符合語境，所以B選項正確。

第3題:（3）邏輯關系。A選項precarious“危險的；B選項imprudent“輕率的，魯莽的”；C選項spartan斯巴達式的；（生活方式）簡樸的”；D選項gallant“英勇的；華麗的；雄偉的”。由空格前“Scottishlife蘇格蘭人的生活”與空格后“…notownacar沒有一輛車”可知“簡樸的”符合語境，所以C選項正確。

第4題:（4）詞義辨析。A選項notfar“不遠”；B選項asfaras“至于；直到；遠到；就······而言”；C選項farfrom“遠離；遠非；完全不”；D選項farto“遠遠地；太”。由第3題的分析“蘇格蘭人的生活儉樸”與空格后“southofIceland冰島南部”屬于“thisplace”的后置定語可知這里指代“在這個離冰島南部不遠的地方集中采暖在那時仍然是一種奢侈”；故A項“不遠”符合語境，正確。

第5題:（5）詞義辨析。A選項virtually“事實上；幾乎”；B選項remarkably“顯著地；非常地；引人注目地”；C選項ideally“理想地；觀念上地”；D選項repeatedly“反復地；再三地；屢次地”。由空格前“hundredsofconversations數以百計的對話”與空格后“noticed發現”可知“屢次地”符合語境，所以D選項正確。

第6題:（6）邏輯關系。A選項forasmuch“因為；鑒于”；B選項despite“盡管；不管”；C選項considering“考慮到；就······而論”；D選項inasmuch“由于；鑒于。由空格后“theirsimplerliving他們較簡樸地生活”與“butneveraboutbeingunderpaidorunabletoaffordwants但是從未聽到他們抱怨所得工資太低或不能負擔自己所需”可知這里是轉折關系，所以B項“盡管”正確。

第7題:（7）邏輯關系。A選項noless“仍然；不相上下；依舊”；B選項less“較少地；較小地；更小地”；C選項more“更多；更大程度地”；D選項nomore“不再；也沒有”。本句句意是“盡管他們較簡樸地生活，但是蘇格蘭人似乎與美國人一樣快樂”，A項“不相上下”符合語境，正確。

第8題:（8）詞義辨析。空格前“made”與各選項構成短語，A選項makefor“導致；有助于；走向”；B選項makeup“組成；補足；化妝；編造；彌補”；C選項makeout“理想；辨認出；說明；填寫；設法應付”；D選項makeover“轉讓；移交；修改”。由空格前“beingrelativelywelloff相對比較富裕”與空格后“somewhatbetterwelloff稍微更加富裕”可知“有助于”更符合邏輯關系。所以A選項正確。

第9題:（9）詞義辨析。A選項scarcely“僅夠；幾乎不”；B選項intentionally“故意地；有意地”；C選項surprisingly“驚人地；出人意料地”；D選項provisionally“臨時地；暫時地”。由第8題的句意“在貧窮的國家里，相對比較富裕有助于稍微更富裕”與空格前“Butinaffluentcountries但是在富裕的國家里”對應可知這里指代“但是在富裕的國家里，不斷增長的富裕卻出人意料地不重要”，所以C選項“出人意料地”符合邏輯關系，正確。

第10題:（10）詞義辨析。A選項diminishing“逐漸縮小的；衰減的”；B選項negligible“微不足道的；可以忽略的”；C選項tripled“三倍的；三方的”；D選項perceivable“可知覺的；可感知的”。由第9題的句意“但是在富裕的國家里，不斷增長的富裕卻出人意料地不重要”與空格后“thecorrelationbetweenincomeandhappiness收入和幸福之間的相關性”的對應可知“微不足道的”符合語境，所以B選項正確。

第11題:（11）詞義辨析。A選項in“按照（表示方式）；從事于；在······之內”；B選項on“向；關于；在······之上”；C選項upon“根據；接近；在······之上”；D選項among“在······之中”。由空格后“theverypoor非常貧窮的人”對應知“在······之中”符合語境，所以D項正確。

第12題:（12）介詞with引導分詞短語充當伴隨狀語。由空格前“With”和空格后并列成分中“providing”的可知這里是介詞with引導分詞短語充當伴隨狀語，所以B選項“exceeding”正確。A選項exceed“超過；勝過”；C選項excess“超額；過度，過量”；D選項excessive“過多的；極度的；過分的”。

第13題:（13）詞義辨析。A選項utter“完全的；徹底的”；B選項messy“凌亂的；骯臟的；污穢的；麻煩的”；C選項greedy“貪婪的；貪吃的；渴望的”；D選項ample“豐富的；足夠的；寬敞的”。由空格后“money錢”與“tobuythingstheydon’tneedandhardlycareabout去購買他們不需要且幾乎不在乎的東西”可知“足夠的”符合語境，所以D選項正確。

第14題:（14）詞義辨析。A選項prosperous“富裕的；繁榮的；興旺的”；B選項triumphant“成功的；得意洋洋的；狂歡的”；C選項jubilant“歡呼的；喜洋洋的”；D選項victorious“勝利的；凱旋的”。由空格前“Evenveryrichpeopleareonlyslightlyhappierthanaverage甚至非常富有的人只比普通人稍微更幸福”與“Andsomewereindeedunhappy一些人甚至不幸福”可知這里屬于舉例說明，所以A項“富裕的”正確。

第15題:（15）詞義辨析。A選項couldundo“能消除”；B選項couldintensify“能加強”；C選項couldnotundo“不能消除”；D選項couldnotintensify“不能加強”。由空格前“hecouldneverrememberbeinghappy他永遠不可能記得那些幸福的日子”與空格后“miserycausedbyherchildren’sproblems由她孩子的問題所導致的痛苦”可知C選項“不能消除”正確。

第16題:（16）邏輯關系。A選項asplausibleas“如……一樣似乎可信的”；B選項notasplausibleas“不如……一樣似乎可信的”；C選項couldnotundo“如……一樣可能的”；D選項couldnotintensify“無法強化”。由空格前“Yet,remarkably,mosteventuallyrecoveranear-normallevelofday-to-dayhappiness.然而，驚人的是大多數殘疾人最終選擇獲得近乎正常的每日幸福水平”、“Thus,universitystudentswhomustcopewithdisabilities因此，必須應對殘疾的大學生”與空格后“able-bodiedstudentstoreportthemselveshappy健全的學生報道自己是幸福的”的可知C項“如……一樣可能的”正確。

第17題:（17）詞義辨析。A選項ventilate“使通風；給······裝通風設備；宣布”；B選項deliberate“仔細考慮，商議”；C選項speculate“推斷，猜測”；D選項scrutinize“仔細檢查，細看”。由空格后”bycomparingrichandunrichcountries,andrichandunrichpeople通過比較富裕和貧困國家，富人和窮人”與“Thatleavesthefinalquestion那留下這個最后的問題”可知D項“仔細檢查”符合語境，正確。

第18題:（18）一般過去時態。由空格前“thesamefeelingsofdelight同樣的快樂感”與“initially最初”的對應知這里表示過去的時間，所以使用一般過去時態的B選項“did（動詞do‘產生’的過去式）”正確。

第19題:（19）詞義辨析。A選項new“新的；新鮮的；更新的；初見的”；B選項favorite“最喜愛的；中意的；寵愛的”；C選項temporary“暫時的；短暫的”；D選項normal“正常的；正規的，標準的”。由空格前“Happinessisnottheresultofbeingrich…幸福不是富裕的結果，而是……與空格后“havingrecentlybecomericher近來變得更富裕”可知C項“短暫的”符合語境，正確。

第20題:（20）邏輯關系。由空格前“Wealth,itthereforeseems,islikehealth:Althoughitsutterabsencecanbreedmisery,havingitdoesnotguaranteehappiness.因此，財富看起來就好比健康：盡管財富的完全沒有可能引起痛苦，但是擁有財富卻不保證擁有幸福”可知這里指代“與其說幸福是獲取我們想要的東西，不如說它是想要我們有的東西”，所以B項“less構成的搭配“lessthan與其……不如”正確。

10.單選題

CharlesDarwin’s“OntheOriginofSpecies”iscreditedwithsparkingevolution’srevolutioninscientificthought,butmanyobservershadponderedevolutionbeforehim.Itwasunderstandingtheidea’ssignificanceandsellingittothepublicthatmadeDarwingreat,accordingtotheArnoldarboretum’snewdirector.

WilliamFriedman,theArnoldProfessorofOrganismandEvolutionaryBiologywhotookoverasarboretumdirectorJan.1hasstudiedDarwin’swritingsaswellasthoseofhispredecessorsandcontemporaries.WhileDarwiniswidelycreditedasthefatherofevolution,Friedmansaidthe“historicalsketch”thatDarwinattachedtolaterprintingsofhismasterpiecewasintendedtomollifythosewhodemandedcreditfortheirownearlierideas.

Thehistoricalsketchgrewwitheachsubsequentprinting,FriedmantoldanaudienceMonday(Jan.10)，until,bythe6thedition,34authorswerementionedinit.

Scholarsnowbelievethatsomewherebetween50and60authorshadbeatenDarwinintheirwritingsaboutevolution.IncludedwasDarwin’sgrandfather,ErasmusDarwin,aphysicianwhoirritatedclergymenwithhisinsistencethatlifearosefromlowerforms,specificallymollusks.

Friedman’stalk,“ADarwinianLookatDarwin’sEvolutionistAncestors，”tookplaceatthearboretum’sHunnewellBuildingandwasthefirstinanewDirector’sLectureSeries.

ThoughothershadclearlyponderedevolutionbeforeDarwin,hewasn’twithoutoriginality.FriedmansaidthatDarwin’sthinkingonnaturalselectionasthemechanismofevolutionwassharedbyfew,mostprominentlyAlfredWallace,whosewritingonthesubjectafteryearsinthefieldspurredDarwin’swritingof“OntheOriginofSpecies”.Althoughthebookrunsmorethan400pages,FriedmansaiditwasneverthebookonevolutionandnaturalselectionthatDarwinintended.In1856,threeyearsbeforethebookwaspublished,hebeganworkonadetailedtomeonnaturalselectionthatwouldn’tseepublicationuntil1975.

Theseminaleventincreating“OntheOriginofSpecies”occurredin1858,whenWallacewroteDarwindetailingWallace’sideasofevolutionbynaturalselection.ThearrivalofWallace’sideasgalvanizedDarwinintowriting“OntheOriginofSpecies”asan“abstract”oftheideashewaspainstakinglylayingoutinthelargerwork.ThiswasaluckybreakforDarwin,becauseitforcedhimtowritehisideasinplainlanguage,whichledtoabookthatwasnotonlyrevolutionary,despitethosewho’dtreadsimilargroundbefore,butthatwasalsoveryreadable.

ThoughothersthoughtaboutevolutionbeforeDarwin,scientificdiscoveryrequiresmorethanjustanidea.Inadditiontotheconcept,discoveryrequirestheunderstandingofthesignificanceoftheidea，somethingsomeoftheearlierauthorsclearlydidnothave一suchasthearboristwhoburiedhisthoughtsonnaturalselectionintheappendixofabookonnavaltimber.Lastly,scientificdiscoverydemandstheabilitytoconvinceothersofthecorrectnessofanidea.Darwin,through“OntheOriginofSpecies，”wastheonlythinkerofthetimewhohadallthreeofthosetraits,Friedmansaid.

“Darwinhadtheabilitytoconvinceothersofthecorrectnessoftheidea，”Friedmansaid,addingthatevenWallace,whoseclaimtonewthinkingonevolutionandnaturalselectionwasstrongerthanalltheothers,paidhomagetoDarwinbytitlinghis1889bookonthesubject,“Darwinism.’’

1.AccordingtoWilliamFriedman,Darwin’s“OntheOriginofSpecies”isgreatinthat______.

2.FriedmanbelievesthatDarwinattacheda“historicalsketch”tolaterprintingsofhisbookinanattemptto_______.

3.InFriedman’sview,Darwin’soriginalityliesin_______.

4.WehavelearnedthatatfirstDarwinintendedtowritehisideain（）

5.ScientificdiscoveryrequiredallthefollowingExcept（）

問題1選項

A.itwasthemoststudiedbylaterscientists

B.ithadsignificantideasaboutevolutions

C.itwasthefirsttotalkaboutevolution

D.itwaswellreceivedbythepublic

問題2選項

A.credittheideasaboutevolutionbeforehis

B.claimhimselfasthefathterofevolution

C.introducehisgrandfathertothereader

D.summarizethispredecessors’work

問題3選項

A.histhinkingonnaturalselectionasthemechanismofevolution

B.hissharingideasaboutevolutionwithhiscontemporaries

C.thewayhewrote“OntheOriginofSpecies”

D.thewayhelecturedontheideasofevolution

問題4選項

A.amuchlargerbook

B.a400book

C.scientificterms

D.plainlanguage

問題5選項

A.comingupwithanewidea

B.understandingthesignificanceoftheidea

C.makingclaimstotheideabywritingbooks

D.convincingothersofthecorrectnessoftheides

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:A

第3題:A

第4題:A

第5題:C

【解析】1.細節題。題干：根據威廉?弗里德曼的觀點，達爾文的《論物種起源》很偉大，因為______。第二段第一句提到了WilliamFriedman的身份是arboretumdirector，由此可以找到第一段中他的觀點“Itwasunderstandingtheidea’ssignificanceandsellingittothepublicthatmadeDarwingreat”，與D選項對應。因此D選項符合題意。

2.細節題。題干：弗里德曼認為，達爾文在他的書的后期印刷中附上了一幅“歷史素描”是試圖_______。第二段最后提到“…the“historicalsketch”thatDarwinattached…wasintendedtomollifythosewhodemandedcreditfortheirownearlierideas”，他這么做是為了安撫那些為自己的早期的觀點要求聲望的人，因此A選項符合題意。

3.Normal07.8磅02falsefalsefalseEN-USZH-CNX-NONE細節題。題干：在弗里德曼看來，達爾文的獨創性在于_____。本文第五段第一句提到達爾文的獨創性：Though

othershadclearlyponderedevolutionbeforeDarwin,hewasn’twithoutoriginality.FriedmansaidthatDarwin’sthinkingonnaturalselectionasthemechanismofevolutionwassharedbyfew.由此可知，雖然在達爾文之前就已經有人思考過進化的問題，但達爾文在這方面還是具有創造性。弗里德曼說，只有少數人認同達爾文在自然選擇這種機制方面的見解。因此A選項符合題意。

4.細節題推理題。題干：我們已經知道，起初達爾文打算把他的想法寫進______。由題干定位到文章第五段最后兩句“Althoughthebookrunsmorethan400pages…itwasneverthebookonevolutionandnaturalselectionthatDarwinintended…hebeganworkonadetailedtomeonnaturalselectionthatwouldn’tseepublicationuntil1975”，可知達爾文本身是有更宏大的寫作計劃。因此A選項符合題意。

5.判斷推理題。題干：科學發現需要以下所有條件，除了______。文中第八段第一句提到了scientificdiscovery科學發現。第一句中的“requiresmorethanjustanidea”與A選項對應；第二句中的“theunderstandingofthesignificanceoftheidea”與B選項對應；第三句中的“theabilitytoconvinceothersofthecorrectnessofanidea”與D選項對應。因此C選項符合題意。

11.單選題

Theidealcompanionmachine-thecomputer-wouldnotonlylook,feel,andsoundfriendlybutwouldalsobeprogrammedtobehaveinapleasantmanner.Thosequalitiesthatmakeinteractioncomfortable,andyetthemachinewouldremainslightlyunpredictableandthereforeinteresting.Initsfirstencounteritmightbesomewhathesitant,butasitcametoknowtheuseritwouldprogresstoamorerelaxedandintimatestyle.Themachinewouldnotbeapassiveparticipantbutwouldadditsownsuggestions,information,andopinions;itwouldsometimestaketheinitiativeindevelopingorchangingthetopicandwouldhaveapersonalityofitsown.

Friendshipsarenotmadeinaday,andthecomputerwouldbemoreacceptableasafriendifitimitatedthegradualchangesthatoccurwhenonepersonisgettingtoknowanother.Atanappropriatetimeitmightalsoexpressthekindofaffectionthatstimulatesattachmentandintimacy.Thewholeprocesswouldbeaccomplishedinasubtlewaytoavoidgivinganimpressionofover-familiaritythatwouldbelikelytoproduceirritation.Afterexperiencingawealthofpowerful,well-timedfriendshipindicators,theuserwouldbeverylikelytoacceptthecomputerasfarmorethanamachineandmightwellcometoregarditasafriend.

Anartificialrelationshipofthistypewouldprovidemanyofthebenefitsthatcouldcontinuefrompreviousdiscussions.Itwouldhaveafamiliaritywiththeuser'slifeasrevealedinearliercontact,anditwouldbeunderstandingandgood-humored.Thecomputer’sownpersonalitywouldbelivelyandimpressive,anditwoulddevelopinresponsetothatoftheuser.Withfeaturessuchasthese,themachinemightindeedbecomeaveryattractivesocialpartner.

1.Whichofthefollowingisnotafeatureoftheidealcompanionmachine?

2.Thecomputerwoulddevelopfriendshipswithhumansina(n)-way（

）.

3.Whichofthefollowingaspectsisnotmentionedwhenthepassagediscussesthebenefitsofartificialrelationships?

4.Throughoutthepassage,theauthorisinhisattitudetowardthecomputer（

）.

5.Whichmightbethemostappropriatetitleofthepassage?

問題1選項

A.Activeincommunication

B.Attractiveinpersonality.

C.enjoyableinperformance

D.unpredictableinbehavior

問題2選項

A.Quick

B.unpredictable

C.productive

D.inconspicuous.

問題3選項

A.Beingabletopickupaninterestingconversation.

B.Beingsensitivetoearliercontact.

C.Beingreadytolearnabouttheperson'slife

D.Havingapleasantandadaptablepersonality.

問題4選項

A.favorable

B.critical

C.vague

D.hesitant

問題5選項

A.Artificialrelationships.

B.Howtoformintimaterelationships

C.Theaffectionatemachine

D.Humansandcomputers

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:D

第3題:B

第4題:A

第5題:C

【解析】1.細節題。第一段指出:machinewouldremainslightlyunpredictable(機器有一點不可預測),因此D項與原文不符。

2.細節題。第二段:Thewholeprocesswouldbeaccomplishedinasubtlewaytoavoidgivinganimpressionofover-familiaritythatwouldbelikelytoproduceirritation(整個過程將以一種微妙的方式完成，以避免給人一種過于熟悉的印象，這可能會引起不安)。表明這種電腦與人類建立關系的過程是'inasubtleway,故選D項(不顯眼的，不引人注意的)。

3.細節題。第一段:itwouldsometimestaketheinitiativeindevelopingorchangingthetopicandwouldhaveapersonalityofitsown(它有時會主動發展或改變話題，并擁有自己的個性),可以看出A跟D項有提到,butasitcametoknowtheuseritwouldprogresstoamorerelaxedandintimatestyle(但當它逐漸了解用戶時，它會發展成一種更輕松、更貼心的風格),可以看出C項有提到。而B選項(對早起的接觸很敏感)與"Initsfirstencounteritmightbesomewhathesitant"不符,故選B。

4.態度方向。形容這種電腦作者用到的詞匯有:comfortable、interesting等,不難看出作者對這種電腦的態度是"favorable"贊賞的。

5.主旨大意題。作者介紹了這種“仿真交際”電腦與人類如何建立關系，并圍繞這種電腦的各項特點來介紹它是具有人情味、人性化的,因此C項作標題最合適。

12.單選題

Assoonasweenteredthehouse,wefeltanintangiblesenseofgloomandhopelessness.

問題1選項

A.untouchable

B.unconscious

C.imponderable

D.unjustifiable

【答案】A

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。橫線單詞intangible意為“無形的，觸摸不到的；難以理解的”；A選項“untouchable”意為“達不到的；不可批評的；不可捉摸的”；B選項“unconscious”意為“無意識的；失去知覺的；不省人事的；未發覺的”；C選項“imponderable”意為“無重量的；無法計算的”；D選項“unjustifiable”意為“不合道理的；不能分辯的；辯護不了的”。句意：我們一走進房子，就感到一種難以言喻的陰郁和絕望。由題干可知，senseofgloomandhopelessness（憂郁和絕望的感覺）是無法觸摸的，所以可以推測出intangible在此處最可能是“觸摸不到的”的意思，四個選項中untouchable具有“不可捉摸的”的意思，與此相近。因此A選項符合題意。

13.單選題

DuringtheMiddleAges,virulentdiseaseslikeBubonicPlaguewererampant.

問題1選項

A.lethal

B.communicable

C.contagious

D.defective

【答案】A

【解析】【選項釋義】

A.lethal致命的B.communicable會傳染的

C.contagious可接觸傳染的D.defective有缺陷的

【答案】A

【考查點】形容詞辨析

【解題思路】原句前后語義為“在中世紀，像黑死病這樣的____疾病十分猖獗。”由此可知，該形容詞修飾的是“疾病（黑死病）”，原詞virulent“致命的”，因此A選項lethal“致命的”最符合原句語義。

【干擾項排除】

B選項communicable“會傳染的”，語義與原句不一致；

C選項contagious“可接觸傳染的”，語義與原句不一致；

D選項defective“有缺陷的”，不符合原句語義銜接。

【句意】在中世紀，像黑死病這樣的致命疾病十分猖獗。

14.單選題

Our（

）withthePresidentattheairportwasexciting.

問題1選項

A.arrival

B.encounter

C.endeavor

D.refreshment

【答案】B

【解析】根據句意:我們在機場偶遇總統,這真的令人激動不已。只有選項B符合句意。

15.單選題

Fromitsbirthin1981withjusttwoemployees,theGovernmentofSingaporeInvestmentCorporationhadbecomeoneoftheworld’slargestsovereignfunds,managingmorethan$100billioninassets,with900employeesineightofficesaroundtheworld.ItislargereventhanTemasekHoldings,thegovernment’sbetter-knownfund.Temasekgainedattentionwithits$1.9billionpurchaseofacontrollingstakeinThailand’sdominanttelecommunicationscompanyfromthefamilyofthecountry’sprimeminister.Thathelpedstirstreetproteststhatledtoacoupd’état(政變)therelastyear.

Thestakewaspartofabroaderexpansionstartedinmid-2002bythecompany’sexecutivedirector,HoChing,formerlyheadofgovernment-ownedSingaporeTechnologiesandwifeofSingapore’sPrimeMinister,LeeHsienLoong.AimedatrevivingTemasek’sfinancialperformanceinthewakeofarecession,TemasekhassincetakenlargestakesinbanksasdistantasIndia,ChinaandtheStandardCharteredBankofBritain.Temaseksaysitsinvestmentsarepurelyforfinancialpurposesdespiteitsownershipbythegovernment.Nonetheless,ithasrunintopoliticalheadwinds(逆風)intheregion.AnIndonesiancourtrecentlyruledthatitwouldhavetoselloneofthecontrollingstakesitholds,onedirectlyandtheotherthroughasubsidiary,inthecountry’stwodominantcellulartelephonecompanies.

Overthelastfewyears,SingaporehasembarkedonanaggressiveefforttocourtprivatebanksandtheirclientsasawayofdiversifyingtheeconomyasmanufacturingjobswereshiftingtoChinaandVietnam,turningthecountryintoanAsianassetbase.Therearealreadyatleast40privatebankswithofficesinSingapore,managingassetsworthatleast$150billion.WithmanywealthyEuropeansshiftingassetstoSingaporefromSwitzerlandtotakeadvantageofrapidAsiangrowthandavoidnewwithholdingtaxesinEurope,theEuropeanauthoritieshavesteppedupcriticismofSingapore’sbankingsystem,sayingthatSingaporeneededtotightencontrolsagainstmoneylaundering.

Singaporeanfinancialauthoritiessaytheydonotcondonemoneylaunderingandrecentlysteppedupfinesagainstbanksfoundtobeinvolvedinillicitfinancialactivity.TheGovernmentInvestmentCorporation,knownasG.I.C.,iscontrolledbythestate,andSingapore’sfoundingPrimeMinister,LeeKuanYew,isitschairman.Hisson,thecurrentprimeminister,isdeputychairman.TonyTan,itsexecutivedirector,isaformerdeputyprimeminister.

BothTemasekandG.I.C.haveaggressivelyrecruitedtopinternationalfinancialtalent,andG.I.C.inparticularhasareputationamongbankersandanalystsasashrewdandpowerfulinvestor.Morethan40percentofitsemployeesarenotSingaporean.ItsinvestmentpanelincludesCharlesEllis,chairmanoftheYaleUniversityInvestmentCommittee,andRobertLitterman,amanagingdirectorofGoldmanSachsAssetManagement.Despitemanagingpublicfunds,G.I.C.doesnotpublicizeitsholdingsorreturns.Lastyearonits25thanniversary,LeeKuanYewofferedthecompany’sfirstfinancialdisclosure,reportingthatG.I.C.hadaverageda9.5percentannualreturninUnitedStatesdollartermsoveritslifetime.

1.Thepassagemainlydiscussesabout______.

2.Formthefirstparagraph,itcanbeinferredthat______.

3.WhichoneofthefollowingstatementsisTRUEofTemasekHoldings?

4.ManyEuropeansshiftassetstoSingaporeduetothefollowingreasonsexcept______.

5.Theword“condone”mostprobablymeans______.

問題1選項

A.Singapore’sfinancialstrategyinrecentyears

B.conditionsaboutthetwolargegovernmentfundsinSingapore

C.thetransformationorevolutionofSingapore’sbankingsystem

D.thecloserelationbetweenSingapore’sfinancialsystemandthegovernment

問題2選項

A.SingaporeansareagainstthepurchaseofcontrollingstakeinThailand’stelecommunicationscompany

B.SingaporeansthinkthatTemasek’spurchaseisindeedapoliticaldeal

C.SingaporeansthinkthatTemasek’spurchasewillmakethemhavealoss

D.ThaisarereluctanttoletTemasektocontroltheirtelecommunicationscompany

問題3選項

A.TemasekHoldingsseemstobequitereluctanttointerferewithinthepoliticalissueofthecountriesitinvestsinto.

B.TemasekHoldingswillselloneofthecontrollingstakesinIndonesianmobiletelephonecompaniesdirectlyandthroughasubsidiary.