書山有路勤為徑，學(xué)海無涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語(yǔ)-唐山幼兒師范高等專科學(xué)校考試押題卷含答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請(qǐng)謹(jǐn)慎購(gòu)買！第I卷一.綜合題庫(kù)-全考點(diǎn)押密(共100題)1.翻譯題

Inalmosteveryformofmedia,includingtelevision,newspapersandmagazines,agreatdealattentionispaidtothepersonallivesofcelebrities.Itseemsthatthepubliccannotgetenoughofthiskindofnews.However,Ibelievethatthemediahavearesponsibilitytopresentabalancedviewoftheworld,aswellasrespectthelivesofpublicfigures.Therefore,Ibelievethatthemediapaytoomuchattentiontothepersonallivesoffamouspeople.

Forpeoplewhoarefascinatedwiththelivesofpublicfigurestherearesomeformsofmediadevotedexclusivelytothistopic.TheycansatisfytheircuriositybybuyingfanmagazinesandwatchingTVshowsdevotedtoentertainmentnews.Thegeneralmediashouldpresentalltypesofinformationbecausepeoplehavedifferentinterests.Furthermore,thepracticeofdwellingontheprivatelivesofcelebritiescanleadpeopletopaymoreattentiontothesemattersthantheyotherwisewould.Perhapsmostimportantly,themediashouldrespecttheprivacyofeveryindividual,includingpublicfigures.Theymayhavechosentobeinthepubliceye,butthatdoesgivethepublictherighttoknoweverythingaboutthem.Moreover,manystoriesaboutcelebritiesareuntrue;theyareonlygossipreportedto-increasesalesofmagazinesandothermedia.Theyareunfairtothefamousandmisleadthepublic.

Forallofthesereasons,Ibelievethatthemediashouldpaymoreattentiontomattersotherthantheprivatelivesofpublicfigures.Inthisway,theycanappealtoawideraudienceandencouragepeopletodevelopotherinterests.Inmyopinion,themediacurrentlypaytoomuchattentiontotheprivatelivesofpublicfigures.

Directions:TranslatethefollowingpassageintoChinese.

【答案】【參考譯文】

幾乎每一種媒體，包括電視、報(bào)紙和雜志，都把許多焦點(diǎn)放在名人的私生活上。公眾似乎對(duì)這類新聞一直感興趣。然而，我認(rèn)為媒體有責(zé)任以公正的觀點(diǎn)報(bào)道時(shí)事，并尊重公眾人物的生活。因此，我認(rèn)為媒體確實(shí)過分關(guān)注名人的私生活。

因?yàn)橛行┤藢?duì)公眾人物的生活很著迷，所以有些媒體就專門報(bào)道這個(gè)話題。他們可以通過購(gòu)買針對(duì)歌迷發(fā)行的雜志和觀看電視節(jié)目的娛樂新聞來滿足自己的好奇心。一般媒體應(yīng)該提供所有類型的信息，因?yàn)槿藗兊呐d趣各不相同。此外，老是糾纏于名人的私生活會(huì)讓人們比平時(shí)更關(guān)注這些事情。也許最重要的是，媒體應(yīng)該尊重每個(gè)人的隱私，包括公眾人物的隱私。他們可能選擇了出現(xiàn)在公眾的視線中，但那并不表示大眾有權(quán)知道他們的一切。此外，許多關(guān)于名人的故事都是不真實(shí)的；它們只是用來增加雜志和其他媒體銷量的八卦報(bào)道。那些不實(shí)的報(bào)道不僅對(duì)名人不公平，還會(huì)誤導(dǎo)公眾。

基于所有這些理由，我認(rèn)為媒體應(yīng)該多關(guān)注公眾人物私生活以外的事情。通過這種方式，他們可以吸引更廣泛的受眾，并鼓勵(lì)人們培養(yǎng)其他興趣。在我看來，目前的媒體過于關(guān)注公眾人物以及他們的私生活。

2.翻譯題

Adversity(逆境)referstothedifficultiesandsetbacksconfrontedbypeopleinlife.Adversityexistsineveryone'slife.Itplaysanimportantroleintheprocessofpeople’sgrowthandmaturity.People'sattitudetowardsadversitydeterminesitsinfluenceonthem.AdoptingapositiveattitudetowardsadversitywillmaturateourpersonalityTherefore,adversityisactuallyachallengeandtrial,whichcanbringonespotentialintofullplay.Itcanhelpdriveawayone'slazinessandperfectoneselfinthefightagainstdifficulties.Thatisthesignificanceofadversity.

【答案】逆境是指人們?cè)谏钪杏龅降睦щy和挫折。逆境存在于每個(gè)人的生活中。它在人們的成長(zhǎng)和成熟過程中起著重要的作用。人們對(duì)待逆境的態(tài)度決定了它對(duì)他們的影響。對(duì)逆境采取積極的態(tài)度將使我們的個(gè)性成熟，因此逆境實(shí)際上是一種挑戰(zhàn)和考驗(yàn)，它能使人潛能充分發(fā)揮。它能幫助人趕走懶惰，在對(duì)抗困難的斗爭(zhēng)中完善自己。這就是逆境的意義。

3.單選題

Whethertheeyesare"thewindowsofthesoul"isdebatablethattheyareintenselyimportantininterpersonalcommunicationisafact.Duringthefirsttwomonthsofababy'slife,thestimulusthatproducesasmileisapairofeyes.Theeyesneednotbereal:amaskwithtwodotswillproduceasmile.Significantly,arealhumanfacewitheyescoveredwillnotmotivateasmile,norwillthesightofonlyoneeyewhenthefaceispresentedinprofile.Thisattractiontoeyesasopposedtothenoseormouthcontinuesasthebabymatures.Inonestudy,whenAmerican-four-year-oldswereaskedtodrawpeople,75percentofthemdrewpeoplewithmouths,but99percentofthemdrewpeoplewitheyes.InJapan,however,wherebabiesarecarriedontheirmother'sbackinfantsdonotacquireasmuchattachmenttoeyesastheydoinothercultures.Asaresult,Japaneseadultsmakelittleuseofthefaceeithertoencode（編碼）ordecode（解碼）meaning.Infact,Argylerevealsthattheproperplacetofocusone'sgazeduringaconversationinJapanisontheneckofone'sconversationpartner."

TheroleofeyecontactinaconversationalexchangebetweentwoAmericansiswelldefined:speakersmakecontactwiththeeyesoftheirlistenerforaboutonesecond,thenglanceawayastheytalk;inafewmomentstheyre-establisheyecontactwiththelistenerorreassurethemselvesthattheiraudienceisstillattentive,thenshifttheirgazeawayoncemore.Listeners,meanwhile,keeptheireyesonthefaceofthespeaker,allowingthemselvestoglanceawayonlybriefly.Itisimportantthattheybelookingat,thespeakerattheprecisemomentwhenthespeakerre-establisheseyecontact:iftheyarenotlookingthespeakerassumesthattheyaredisinterestedandeitherwillpauseuntileyecontactisresumedorwillterminatetheconversation.Justhowcriticalthiseyemaneuveringistothemaintenanceofconversationalflowbecomesevidentwhentwospeakersarewearingdarkglasses:theremaybeasortoftrafficjamofwordscausedbyinterruption,falsestarts,andunpredictablepauses.

1.Babieswillnotbestimulatedtosmilebyaperson（

）.

2.AccordingtothepassagetheJapanesefixtheirgazeontheirconversationpartner'sneckbecause

（

）.

3.Accordingtothepassage,aconversationbetweentwoAmericansmaybreakdowndueto

（

）.

4.Tokeepaconversationflowingsmoothly,itisbetterfortheparticipants（

）.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.whosefrontviewisfullyperceived

B.whosefaceiscoveredwithamask

C.whosefaceisseenfromtheside

D.whosefaceisfreeofanycovering

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.theydon’tliketokeeptheireyesonthefaceofthespeaker

B.theyneednotcommunicatethrougheyecontact

C.theydon'tthinkitpolitetohaveeyecontact

D.theydidn’thavemuchopportunitytocommunicatethrougheyecontactinbabyhood

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.onetemporarilyglancingawayfromtheother

B.eyecontactsofmorethanonesecond

C.improperly-timedceasingofeyecontact

D.constantadjustmentofeyecontact

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.nottoweardarkspectacles

B.nottomakeanyinterruptions

C.nottoglanceawayfromeachother

D.nottomakeunpredictablepauses

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:D

第3題:C

第4題:A

【解析】第1題:細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。由第一段第四句“arealhumanfacewitheyescoveredwillnotmotivateasmile,norwillthesightofonlyoneeyewhenthefaceispresentedinprofile.一張真正的人臉如果遮住了眼睛不會(huì)讓小寶寶發(fā)笑，或者側(cè)面的臉，只能看到一只眼睛時(shí)，小寶寶也不會(huì)發(fā)笑。”故C項(xiàng)正確。

第2題:細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。由題干定位到第一段“InJapan,however,wherebabiesarecarriedontheirmother’sbackinfantsdonotacquireasmuchattachmenttoeyesastheydoinothercultures.Asaresult,Japaneseadultsmakelittleuseofthefaceeithertoencode（編碼）ordecode（解碼）meaning.Infact,Argylerevealsthattheproperplacetofocusone’sgazeduringaconversationinJapanisontheneckofone’sconversationpartner.在日本，嬰兒被背在母親的背上，他們對(duì)眼神交流的依戀不像其他文化中那么強(qiáng)烈。結(jié)果就是，日本成年人很少用面部表情來理解或解釋含義。事實(shí)上，Argyle揭示了在日本談話時(shí)，一個(gè)人的目光應(yīng)該集中在談話對(duì)象的脖子上。”可知日本人說話時(shí)喜歡把目光聚焦在另一個(gè)人的脖子上是由于小時(shí)候沒有太多機(jī)會(huì)通過眼神來交流。故答案D

第3題:細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。由第二段“iftheyarenotlookingthespeakerassumesthattheyaredisinterestedandeitherwillpauseuntileyecontactisresumedorwillterminatetheconversation.如果他們沒有看著說話人，說話人就會(huì)認(rèn)為他們是不感興趣的，要么就會(huì)停下來直到重新開始眼神交流，要么就會(huì)終止談話。”可知答案C

第4題:細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由文章末尾“Justhowcriticalthiseyemaneuveringistothemaintenanceofconversationalflowbecomesevidentwhentwospeakersarewearingdarkglasses:theremaybeasortoftrafficjamofwordscausedbyinterruption,falsestarts,andunpredictablepauses.兩個(gè)說話的人都戴著墨鏡時(shí)，這種眼神交流對(duì)維持對(duì)話的重要性就變得顯而易見了：可能會(huì)出現(xiàn)由打斷、錯(cuò)誤的開始和不可預(yù)知的停頓引起的話語(yǔ)堵塞。”可知戴墨鏡對(duì)話會(huì)造成中斷，錯(cuò)誤的開始和不可預(yù)計(jì)的停頓。故為了保持通暢的對(duì)話，最好不要戴墨鏡說話。答案A

4.填空題

Howareyourweddingplansgoing?

I’d（1）nottalkaboutthem,ifyoudon't（2）.

Oh,Pmsorry,Ididn’tmeantopry

句意:

你的婚禮籌備的怎么樣了？

如果你不介意的話，我寧愿不討論這個(gè)。

哦，不好意思啊，我不是想要打聽的。

【答案】1.rather

2.mind

【解析】1.固定搭配。I'drathernot我寧可不。

2.固定搭配。ifyoudon'tmind如果你不介意的話。

5.單選題

OneauthoritymadeacensusofthespidersinagrassfieldinthesouthofEngland,andhe（

）thatthereweremorethan2,250,000spidersinoneacre.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.assessed

B.estimated

C.appraised

D.evaluated

【答案】B

【解析】句意:一位權(quán)威人士對(duì)英國(guó)南部一塊草坪上的蜘蛛進(jìn)行了數(shù)量調(diào)查，他估計(jì)在那個(gè)地方每公頃有超過225萬只蜘蛛。

考查近義詞辨析。四個(gè)選項(xiàng)均為對(duì)應(yīng)動(dòng)詞的過去式。Assess評(píng)定,估價(jià);estimate估計(jì),估量;appraise估量,估價(jià),(對(duì)某人的工作)做出評(píng)價(jià);evaluate評(píng)價(jià),估價(jià)。由關(guān)鍵信息morethan2,250,000spidersinoneacre(每公頃有225萬只蜘蛛)可知B符合句意。

6.單選題

Ifsustainablecompetitiveadvantagedependsonworkforceskills,Americanfirmshaveaproblem.HumanmanagementisnottraditionallyseenasacentraltothecompetitivesurvivalofthefirmintheUnitedStates.Skillacquisitionisconsideredasindividualresponsibility.Laborissimplyanotherforceofproductiontobehired/rentedatthelowestpossiblecost,whichisamustasonebuysrawmaterialorequipment.

Thelackofimportanceattachedtohumanresourcemanagementcanbeseeninthecorporatepeckingorder.InanAmericanfirmthechieffinancialofficerisalmostalwayssecondincommand.Thepostofheadofhumanresourcemanagementisusuallyaspecializedjob,offattheedgeofthecorporatehierarchy.TheexecutivewhoholdsitisneverconsultedonmajorstrategicdecisionsandhasnochancetomoveuptoChiefExecutiveOfficer.Bywayofcontrast,inJapantheheadofhumanresourcemanagementiscentral-usuallythesecondmostimportantexecutive,aftertheCEO,inthefirm’shierarchy.

WhileAmericanfirmsoftentalkaboutthevastamountsspentontrainingtheirworkforce,infact,theyinvestlessintheskillsoftheiremployeesthandoeitherJapaneseorGermanfirms.Themoneytheydoinvestisalsomorehighlyconcentratedonprofessionalormanagerialemployees.Andthelimitedinvestmentsthatmadeintrainingworkersarealsomuchmorenarrowlyfocusedonthespecificskillsnecessarytodothenextjobratherthanonthebasicbackgroundskillsthatmakeitpossibletoabsorbnewtechnologies.

Asaresult,problemsemergewhennewbreakthroughtechnologiesarrive.IfAmericanworkers,forexampletakemuchlongertolearnhowtooperatenewflexiblemanufacturingstationsthanworkersinGerman(astheydo),theeffectivecostofthosestationsislowerinGermanthanitisinUnitedStates.Moretimeisrequiredbeforeequipmentisupandrunningatthespeedwithwhichnewequipmentisupandrunningatcapacity,andtheneedforextensiveretaininggeneratescostsandcreatesbottlenecksthatlimitthespeedwithwhichnewequipmentcanbeemployed.Theresultisaslowerpaceoftechnologicalchange.Andintheendtheskillsofthebottomhalfofthepopulationaffectthewagesofthetophalf.Ifthebottomhalfcan’teffectivelystafftheprocessesthathavetobeoperated,themanagementandprofessionaljobsthatgowiththeseprocesseswilldisappear.

1.WhichofthefollowingappliestothehumanresourcemanagementofAmericancompanies?

2.Whatisthepositionoftheexecutiveofhuman-resourcemanagementinAmericanfirms?

3.ThemoneymostAmericanfirmsputinworkforcetrainingmainlygoes

on（

）.

4.WhyisthereaslowpaceoftechnologicalchangeinAmericanfirms?

5.Whatisthemainideaofthepassage?

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.Theyhirepeoplewiththeleastpossiblemoneyregardlessoftheirskills.

B.Theyseeskillsgainastheiremployees’ownbusiness.

C.Theyrefertohireself-trainedworkers.

D.Theyonlyhireskilledworkersbecauseofkeenemploymentcompetition.

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.Heisoneofthemostimportantexecutivesofthefirm.

B.Hispositionislikelytodisappearwhennewtechnologieshavebeenintroduced.

C.Hehasnosayinginmakingimportantdecisionsofthefirm.

D.Heisdirectlyunderthechieffinancialexecutive.

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.technologicalandmanagerialstaff

B.workerswhowillrunnewequipment

C.workerswholackofbasicbackgroundskills

D.topexecutive

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.NewequipmentismoreexpensiveinAmerica.

B.Americanfirmsdon’tpayenoughattentiontoon-the-jobtrainingtheirworkers.

C.ThedecisionmakingprocessinAmericanfirmsmakesthemlessresponsivetotechnologicalchanges.

D.TheprofessionalstaffsofAmericanfirmsarelesspaidandsolesscreative.

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.Americanfirm’humanresourcemanagementstrategiesaffecttheircompetitivecapacity.

B.Humanresourcemanagementisakeyfactorinafirm’ssurvival.

C.ThecostofworktraininginAmericaishigherthanthatinJapanandGermany.

D.AmericanfirmsaredifferentfromJapaneseandGermanfirmsinhumanresourcemanagement.

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:C

第3題:A

第4題:C

第5題:A

【解析】1.細(xì)節(jié)題。第一段指出:Skillacquisitionisconsideredasindividualresponsibility.Laborissimplyanotherforceofproductiontobehired/rentedatthelowestpossiblecost,whichisamustasonebuysrawmaterialorequipment(技能獲得被視為個(gè)人責(zé)任。勞動(dòng)力只是另一種以最低成本雇傭/租賃的生產(chǎn)力量，跟購(gòu)買原材料或設(shè)備一樣是必需品)。因此B項(xiàng)(他們認(rèn)為技能的獲得是員工自己的事)正確。

2.細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞executiveofhuman-resourcemanagement定位至第二段:Thepostofheadofhumanresourcemanagementisusuallyaspecializedjob,offattheedgeofthecorporatehierarchy.TheexecutivewhoholdsitisneverconsultedonmajorstrategicdecisionsandhasnochancetomoveuptoChiefExecutiveOfficer(人力資源管理主管的職位通常是一個(gè)專門的工作，處于公司等級(jí)制度的邊緣。處于該職位的高管從未就重大戰(zhàn)略決策參與討論，也沒有機(jī)會(huì)晉升為首席執(zhí)行官),因此選C項(xiàng)(他對(duì)公司的重大決策沒有發(fā)言權(quán))。

3.細(xì)節(jié)題。第三段指出:Themoneytheydoinvestisalsomorehighlyconcentratedonprofessionalormanagerialemployees,故選A項(xiàng)(技術(shù)和管理人員)。

4.細(xì)節(jié)題。題干問的是為什么美國(guó)公司的技術(shù)變革步伐緩慢？據(jù)此定位至第四段:Theresultisaslowerspaceoftechnologicalchange,此句前面就是原因,故選擇C項(xiàng)(美國(guó)公司的決策過程使他們跟不上技術(shù)變化)。

5.主旨大意題。本文主要是講美國(guó)公司的人力資源管理策略影響他們的競(jìng)爭(zhēng)能力。A項(xiàng)(美國(guó)公司的人力資源管理策略影響其競(jìng)爭(zhēng)能力)正確。

7.單選題

Oftensuchargumentshavetheeffectof（

）ratherthanclarifyingtheissuesinvolved.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.obscuring

B.prejudicing

C.tackling

D.blocking

【答案】A

【解析】考查近義詞解析。obscure“使……模糊不清；”prejudice“使有偏見”；tackle“阻礙”；block“阻塞”，句意：這樣的爭(zhēng)論經(jīng)常會(huì)使問題變得含糊不清，而不能使問題更明確。選項(xiàng)A符合題意。

8.單選題

Mencommitmotoringoffencesaswomen,accordingtotheHomeOfficefigures.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.ninetimesof

B.asninetimes

C.ninetimesthatof

D.ninetimeasmany

【答案】D

【解析】考查語(yǔ)法知識(shí)。對(duì)比選項(xiàng)可知本題考查倍數(shù)。與times相關(guān)的倍數(shù)表達(dá)方式為：AisNtimes(形容詞比較級(jí))thanB。因此D選項(xiàng)符合題意。

9.單選題

Eachadvanceinmicroscopictechniquehasprovidedscientistswithnewperspectiveonthefunctionoflivingorganismsandthenatureofmatteritself.Theinventionofthevisible-lightmicroscopelateinthesixteenthcenturyintroducedapreviouslyunknownrealmofsingle-celledplantsandanimals.Inthetwentiethcentury,electronmicroscopeshaveprovideddirectviewsofvirusesandminusculesurfacestructures.Nowanothertypeofmicroscope,onethatutilizesX-raysratherthanlightorelectrons,offersadifferentwayofexaminingtinydetails;itshouldextendhumanperceptionstillfartherintothenaturalworld.

ThedreamofbuildinganX-raymicroscopedatesto1895;itsdevelopment,however,wasvirtuallyhaltedinthe1940’sbecausethedevelopmentoftheelectronmicroscopewasprogressingrapidly.Duringthe1940’s,electronmicroscopesroutinelyachievedresolutionbetterthanthatpossiblewithavisible-lightmicroscope,whiletheperformanceofX-raymicroscopesresistedimprovement.Inrecentyears,however,interestinX-raymicroscopeshasrevived,largelybecauseofadvancessuchasthedevelopmentofnewsourcesofX-rayillumination.Asaresult,thebrightnessavailabletodayismillionsoftimesthatofX-raytubes,which,formostofthecentury,weretheonlyavailablesourcesofsoftX-rays.

ThenewX-raymicroscopesconsiderablyimproveontheresolutionprovidedbyopticalmicroscopes.Theycanalsobeusedtomapthedistributionofcertainchemicalelements.Somecanformpicturesinextremelyshorttimes;othersholdthepromiseofspecialcapabilitiessuchasthree-dimensionalimaging.Unlikeconventionalelectronmicroscopy,X-raymicroscopyenablesspecimenstobekeptinairandinwater,whichmeansthatbiologicalsamplescanbestudiedunderconditionssimilartotheirnaturalstate.Theilluminationused,so-calledsoftXraysinthewavelengthrangeoftwentytofortyangstroms(anangstromisoneten-billionthofameter),isalsosufficientlypenetratingtoimageintactbiologicalcellsinmanycases.BecauseofthewavelengthoftheXraysused,softX-raymicroscopeswillnevermatchthehighestresolutionpossiblewithelectronmicroscopes.Rather,theirspecialpropertieswillmakepossibleinvestigationsthatwillcomplementthoseperformedwithlight-andelectron-basedinstruments.

1.Whatisthethemedoesthepassagemainlydiscuss?

2.Whydoestheauthormentionthevisible-lightmicroscopeinthefirstparagraph?

3.WhydidittakesolongtodeveloptheX-raymicroscope?

4.Basedontheinformationinthepassage,whatcanbeinferredaboutX-raymicroscopesinthefuture?

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.Thedetailseenthroughamicroscope.

B.Outdatedmicroscopictechniques.

C.Sourcesofilluminationformicroscopes.

D.Anewkindofmicroscope

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.ToputtheX-raymicroscopeinahistoricalperspective.

B.Tobeginadiscussionofsixteenth-centurydiscoveries.

C.Toshowhowlimiteditsusesare.

D.Toexplainhowitfunctioned.

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.Fundsforresearchwereinsufficient.

B.Thesourceofilluminationwasnotbrightenoughuntilrecently.

C.MaterialsusedtomanufactureX-raytubesweredifficulttoobtain.

D.X-raymicroscopesweretoocomplicatedtooperate.

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.Theywillprobablyreplaceelectronmicroscopealtogether.

B.Theywilleventuallybemuchcheapertoproducethantheyarenow.

C.Theywillprovideinformationnotavailablefromotherkindsofmicroscopes.

D.Theywilleventuallychangetheilluminationrangethattheynowuse.

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:A

第3題:B

第4題:C

【解析】1.主旨大意題。由第一段“Nowanothertypeofmicroscope,onethatutilizesX-raysratherthanlightorelectrons,offersadifferentwayofexaminingtinydetails;itshouldextendhumanperceptionstillfartherintothenaturalworld.現(xiàn)在，另一種顯微鏡，利用x射線而不是光或電子，提供了一種觀察微小細(xì)節(jié)的不同方法;它應(yīng)該把人類的感知能力進(jìn)一步擴(kuò)展到自然界。”及第二段“ThedreamofbuildinganX-raymicroscopedatesto1895;制造x射線顯微鏡的夢(mèng)想可以追溯到1895年”可知本文講的是一種新的顯微鏡，故D項(xiàng)正確。

2.判斷推理題。定位第一段中“Eachadvanceinmicroscopictechniquehasprovidedscientistswithnewperspectiveonthefunctionoflivingorganismsandthenatureofmatteritself.顯微技術(shù)的每一個(gè)進(jìn)步都給科學(xué)家提供了新視角對(duì)生物體的功能和物質(zhì)本身的性質(zhì)。”及“Theinventionofthevisible-lightmicroscopelateinthesixteenthcenturyintroducedapreviouslyunknownrealmofsingle-celledplantsandanimals.Inthetwentiethcentury,electronmicroscopeshaveprovideddirectviewsofvirusesandminusculesurfacestructures.16世紀(jì)晚期可視光學(xué)顯微鏡的發(fā)明引入了單細(xì)胞植物和動(dòng)物的未知領(lǐng)域。在二十世紀(jì)，電子顯微鏡提供了對(duì)病毒和微小表面結(jié)構(gòu)的直接觀察。”可知提及可見光顯微鏡的目的是“從歷史的角度來看待x射線顯微鏡”故A項(xiàng)正確。

3.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。定位第二段中“Inrecentyears,however,interestinX-raymicroscopeshasrevived,largelybecauseofadvancessuchasthedevelopmentofnewsourcesofX-rayillumination.Asaresult,thebrightnessavailabletodayismillionsoftimesthatofX-raytubes,which,formostofthecentury,weretheonlyavailablesourcesofsoftX-rays.然而，近年來，人們對(duì)x射線顯微鏡的興趣又復(fù)活了，這在很大程度上是由于x射線照明新光源等技術(shù)的發(fā)展。結(jié)果，今天可用的亮度是x射線管的數(shù)百萬倍，在本世紀(jì)的大部分時(shí)間里，x射線管是唯一可用的軟x射線源。可知B項(xiàng)“直到最近，光源才足夠明亮。”正確，ACD三項(xiàng)都沒有提及。答案B。

4.判斷推理題。定位最后一段中“Rather,theirspecialpropertieswillmakepossibleinvestigationsthatwillcomplementthoseperformedwithlight-andelectron-basedinstruments.相反，它們的特殊性質(zhì)將使研究成為可能，這將補(bǔ)充那些用光和電子儀器進(jìn)行的研究。可知C項(xiàng)“X射線將提供其他種類的顯微鏡無法提供的信息。”正確。

10.單選題

Singaporehasonly226squaremilesofkind,butitstandsforemostamongthenationsofSouthEastAsiainhaving（）.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.anannualgrowthratemaintainedofover6%

B.maintainedanannualeconomicgrowthrateofover6%

C.maintainedover6%ofannualeconomicgrowthrate

D.6%ofannualgrowthrateofeconomicsmaintained

【答案】C

【解析】考查句子結(jié)構(gòu)辨析。A選項(xiàng)anannualgrowthratemaintainedofover6%“經(jīng)濟(jì)年均增長(zhǎng)保持在6%以上”；B選項(xiàng)maintainedanannualeconomicgrowthrateofover6%“保持年均經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)6倍以上”；C選項(xiàng)maintainedover6%ofannualeconomicgrowthrate“經(jīng)濟(jì)增速保持在6%以上”；D選項(xiàng)6%ofannualgrowthrateofeconomicsmaintained“經(jīng)濟(jì)保持年均6%的增長(zhǎng)速度”。句意：新加坡只有226平方英里的土地，但它在東南亞國(guó)家中擁有重要的地位……，結(jié)合句意，可知選項(xiàng)C正確。

11.不定項(xiàng)選擇題

ThehistoryofAfrican—Americansduringthepast400yearsistraditionallynarrated（61）anongoingstruggleagainst（62）andindifferenceonthepartoftheAmericanmainstream,andastruggle（63）asanupwardmovementis（64）towardevermorejusticeandopportunity.

Technologyinandof（65）isnotatfault;it’smuchtoosimpletosaythatgunpowderoragriculturalmachineryorfiberoptics（66）beentheenemyofan（67）groupofpeople.Acertainmachineisput（68）workinacertainwaythepurpose（69）whichitwasdesigned.Thepeoplewhodesignthemachinesarenotintentonunleashingchaos;theyareusuallytryingto（70）ataskmorequickly,cleanly,orcheaply,（71）theimperativeofinnovationandefficiencythathasruledWesterncivilization（72）theRenaissance.

Masteryoftechnologyissecondonly（73）moneyasthetruemeasureofaccomplishmentinthiscountry,anditisverylikelythatby（74）thisunder-representationinthetechnologicalrealm,andbynotquestioningandexaminingthefolkwaysthathave（75）it,blacksareallowing（76）tobekeptoutofthemainstreamonceagain.Thistime,however,theywillbe（77）fromthegreatestcashengineofthetwenty-firstcentury.Inner-cityblacksinparticularareindanger,andthebeautifulsuburbs（78）ringthedecayofHartford,shedthepastandlearntoexistwithoutcontemplatingorencounteringthetragedyoftheinnercity.

Andblacksmustchangeaswell.Thewaysthat（79）theirancestorsthroughcaptivityandcomingtofreedomhavebeguntolosetheirutility.Ifblacks（80）tosurviveasfullparticipantsinthissociety,theyhavetounderstandwhatworksnow.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.like

B.as

C.for

D.with

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.charity

B.clarity

C.cohesion

D.oppression

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.charting

B.charts

C.charted

D.tochart

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.progressing

B.progressed

C.clutched

D.clutching

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.itself

B.themselves

C.ourselves

D.himself

問題6選項(xiàng)

A.have

B.tohave

C.has

D.tohas

問題7選項(xiàng)

A.entirely

B.enter

C.entire

D.entrance

問題8選項(xiàng)

A.for

B.off

C.on

D.at

問題9選項(xiàng)

A.for

B.to

C.with

D.before

問題10選項(xiàng)

A.envelop

B.accomplish

C.enveloping

D.accomplishing

問題11選項(xiàng)

A.followed

B.follows

C.tofollow

D.following

問題12選項(xiàng)

A.since

B.on

C.in

D.at

問題13選項(xiàng)

A.before

B.to

C.with

D.from

問題14選項(xiàng)

A.totolerate

B.tolerate

C.tolerated

D.tolerating

問題15選項(xiàng)

A.encountered

B.encountering

C.toencounter

D.encounters

問題16選項(xiàng)

A.them

B.us

C.themselves

D.ourselves

問題17選項(xiàng)

A.excluding

B.included

C.including

D.excluded

問題18選項(xiàng)

A.where

B.that

C.how

D.what

問題19選項(xiàng)

A.servicing

B.encircle

C.encircling

D.served

問題20選項(xiàng)

A.is

B.were

C.are

D.have

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:D

第3題:C

第4題:A

第5題:A

第6題:C

第7題:C

第8題:D

第9題:A

第10題:B

第11題:D

第12題:A

第13題:B

第14題:D

第15題:A

第16題:C

第17題:D

第18題:B

第19題:D

第20題:C

【解析】61.【試題答案】B

【試題解析】考查短語(yǔ)搭配和句意理解。benarratedas“被描述為”。句意：在過去的400年里，美國(guó)黑人的歷史被傳統(tǒng)地描述為是對(duì)漠然和壓迫的不斷斗爭(zhēng)。結(jié)合句意，故選B。

62.【試題答案】D

【試題解析】考查名詞辨析。A項(xiàng)charity“慈善”；B項(xiàng)clarity“清晰；明確”；C項(xiàng)cohesion“粘合；結(jié)合”；D項(xiàng)oppression“鎮(zhèn)壓，壓迫”。句意：在過去的400年里，美國(guó)黑人的歷史被傳統(tǒng)地描述為是對(duì)漠然和壓迫的不斷斗爭(zhēng)。結(jié)合句意，選D.

63.【試題答案】C

【試題解析】考查被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)和句意理解。根據(jù)句意可知，該空應(yīng)為被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，所以選C項(xiàng)charted，表示“被規(guī)劃為向上運(yùn)動(dòng)的斗爭(zhēng)”。

64.【試題答案】A

【試題解析】考查語(yǔ)法和詞義。根據(jù)句意用進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)，排除B，C二項(xiàng)；選表示趨向的動(dòng)詞progress“前進(jìn)，進(jìn)步”，D項(xiàng)Clutching“緊握，抓住”，所以選A。

65.【試題答案】A

【試題解析】考查語(yǔ)法知識(shí)。inandofoneself為固定搭配，意為“事物內(nèi)部及其本身”，句意：科技內(nèi)部及它本身并沒有錯(cuò)，根據(jù)句意，technology為主語(yǔ)，應(yīng)該用單數(shù)，所以選A。

66.【試題答案】C

【試題解析】考查語(yǔ)法知識(shí)。根據(jù)就近原則，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞應(yīng)與主語(yǔ)fiberoptics“纖維光學(xué)”保持一致，這個(gè)詞意義上為單數(shù)，所以選用單數(shù)形式has。

67.【試題答案】C

【試題解析】考查語(yǔ)法知識(shí)。根據(jù)空格前后可知，此處用形容詞，排除A，B，D；anentiregroupof“整組”，選擇C項(xiàng)。

68.【試題答案】D

【試題解析】考查短語(yǔ)搭配。句意：某些工具被用于工作。Putsthatwork“把某物用于工作方面”，所以答案為D。

69.【試題答案】A

【試題解析】考查短語(yǔ)搭配。bedesignedfor…“為而設(shè)計(jì)的”。句意：為了這個(gè)目的而設(shè)計(jì)的。所以答案為A。

70.【試題答案】B

【試題解析】考查詞義和動(dòng)詞用法。正確的用法是trytodosth，首先排除C和D項(xiàng)。A項(xiàng)envelop“包裝，遮蓋”；B項(xiàng)accomplish“完成”。根據(jù)文意，這里應(yīng)填的意思是完成任務(wù)，所以選B。

71.【試題答案】D

【試題解析】考查語(yǔ)法。用動(dòng)詞的進(jìn)行時(shí)表示動(dòng)作的伴隨，此外follow的邏輯主語(yǔ)是前面的they，所以用主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，選D。

72.【試題答案】A

【試題解析】考查句意理解。根據(jù)文章的意思，這里應(yīng)填“從文藝復(fù)興開始”，所以選since。

73.【試題答案】B

【試題解析】考查固定搭配。besecondto“僅次于”。句意：掌握技術(shù)是僅次于金錢的真正衡量這個(gè)國(guó)家成就的第二標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。

74.【試題答案】D

【試題解析】考查介詞用法。by是介詞，后應(yīng)該跟動(dòng)詞ing形式，只有D符合。

75.【試題答案】A

【試題解析】考查完成時(shí)時(shí)態(tài)。動(dòng)詞的完成時(shí)的結(jié)構(gòu)為have+done，encounter的過去分詞形式為encountered，所以答案為A。

76.【試題答案】C

【試題解析】考查句意理解。這里應(yīng)填反身代詞，排除A和B。又根據(jù)句意，應(yīng)是“他們自己”，所以選C。

77.【試題答案】D

【試題解析】考查固定短語(yǔ)。beexcludedfrom“排除，不包括在內(nèi)”。句意：然而這次他們將不在二十一世紀(jì)最偉大的現(xiàn)金制造機(jī)的范圍內(nèi)。所以選D。

78.【試題答案】B

【試題解析】考查定語(yǔ)從句。這是一個(gè)定語(yǔ)從句，從句部分缺少主語(yǔ)，所以選that。

79.【試題答案】D

【試題解析】考查定語(yǔ)從句。這是一個(gè)定語(yǔ)從句，從句缺少謂語(yǔ)，所以排除A和C。另外根據(jù)后面主句中的時(shí)態(tài)“havebegun”，可知前面的從句是一個(gè)過去時(shí)的句子，所以選D。句意：那些曾經(jīng)服務(wù)于他們祖先的方法已經(jīng)失去了效用。

80.【試題答案】C

【試題解析】考察一般條件句。根據(jù)主句可知是一般條件句，不能用虛擬語(yǔ)氣，需用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，所以選C。句意：如果黑人要作為這個(gè)社會(huì)的正式參與者生存下去，他們就必須明白現(xiàn)在什么是有效的。

12.單選題

Itisverystrange,butIhadan（

）thattheplanewouldcrash.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.inspiration

B.intuition

C.imagination

D.incentive

【答案】B

【解析】inspiration靈感，鼓舞；intuition直覺；imagination想象力；incentive動(dòng)機(jī)，刺激。句意：雖然很奇怪，但我有一種飛機(jī)會(huì)墜毀的直覺。選項(xiàng)B符合句意。

13.單選題

Theystoodgazingatthehappy（）ofchildrenplayinginthepark.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.perspective

B.view

C.landscape

D.scene

【答案】D

【解析】名詞近義詞辨析。句意：他們站在那兒，凝視著在公園里玩耍的孩子們的快樂場(chǎng)景。perspective遠(yuǎn)景，透視圖；view視野，風(fēng)景；landscape風(fēng)景，風(fēng)景畫；scene特定地點(diǎn)的景色，場(chǎng)景。D項(xiàng)在表示場(chǎng)景時(shí)，場(chǎng)景中通常包括了其中的人物及其活動(dòng)，所以本題選D。

14.單選題

Actingissuchanover-crowdedprofessionthattheonlyadvicethatshouldbegiventoayoungpersonthinkingofgoingonthestageis“Don't!”Butitisuselesstotrytodiscouragesomeonewhofeelsthathemustact,thoughthechancesofhisbecomingfamousareslim.Thenormalwaytobeginistogotoadramaschool.Usuallyonlystudentswhoshowpromiseandtalentareaccepted,andthecourselaststwoyears.Thentheyoungactororactresstakesupworkwitharepertorycompany,usuallyasanassistantstagemanager.Thismeansdoingeverythingthatthereistodointhetheatre:paintingscenery,lookingafterthefurniture,takingcareofthecostumes,andevenactinginverysmallparts.Itisveryhardworkindeed.Thehoursarelongandthesalaryistiny.Butyoungactorswiththestageintheirbloodarehappy,waitingforthechancesofworkingwithabettercompany,orperhapsinfilmsortelevision.

Ofcourse,somepeoplehaveunusualchanceswhichleadtofameandsuccesswithoutthislonganddulltraining.ConniePratt,forexample,wasjustanordinarygirlworkinginabicyclefactory.Afilmproducerhappenedtocatchsightofheronemorningwaitingatabusstop,ashedrovepastinhisbigcar.Hetoldthedrivertostop,andhegotouttospeaktothegirl.Heaskedherifshewouldliketogotothefilmstudiotodoatest,andatfirstshethoughthewasjoking.Thenshegotangryandsaidshewouldcallthepolice.IttooktheproducertwentyminutestotellConniethathewasserious.Thenanappointmentwasmadeforhertogotothestudiothenextday.Thetestwassuccessful.Theygavehersomenecessarylessonsandwithinafewweeksshewasplayingtheleadingpartoppositeoneofthemostfamousactors