2020-2021年閱讀理解記敘文綜合測試（含答案）一、英語閱讀理解記敘文（含答案詳細解析）1．閱讀理解SittingamongthecheeringfansoftheChineseWomen'sVolleyballTeaminRiodeJaneiro,aPolishfancaughtalotofattention.ItisnotbecauseheisnotChinese,butbecausehehasfollowedtheteamcloselyfromtheverybeginningThe60-year-oldJozeffellinlovewiththeChineseWomen'sVolleyballTeamatthefirstsightwhenhewatchedthegirlsattheLondonOlympicsonTVin2012.ThePolishmanwascrazyabouttheperformancesoftheyoungteam,especiallybyitscoreplayerHuiRuoqi.BeforethatJozefwasaloyalfanofhishometeam-thePolishmen'svolleyball.Sincethen,Jozefhasbecomecrazyabouttheteamandhaskepttrackofalmostalltheirinternationalcompetitions.Backinthe2013MontreuxVolleyMastersofSwitzerland,thePolishman,forthefirsttime,cametocheerupfortheteamonsite.HealsodroveallthewayfromPolandtoItalytolendsupportforthegirlsduringthe2014Women'sWorldVolleyballChampionship.ThehardcorefantraveledhundredsofmilesfromPolandtoBrazil,andbookedticketsforallmatchesoftheChineseWomen'sVolleyball.Thistime,JozefwasinterviewedbyTVandhasbeenrecognizedbynotjustfans,butmillionsofChineseTVaudience.The"Polishgrandpa"wasanicknamegivenbyChinesevolleyballfans.Hehas18,000followersonSinaWeibo,China'sanswertoTwitter,whereJozefhasbeensharinghisobsessionwithChineseinternetuserssince2013.（1）WhydidJozefgetmuchattention？HewasinterviewedbyChineseTV.HeisafamousandloyalPolishfan.HehassupportedtheChineseteamfromthestart.HewassittingamongthefansoftheChineseteam.（2）WhendidJozeffirstbecomeinterestedintheChineseWomen'sVolleyballTeam？In2012.B.In2013.C.In2014.D.In2015.（3）HowdidJozefcometoItalytosupporttheChineseWoomen'sVolleyballTeam？BycarB.BybusC.BybikeD.Byplane（4）Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage？JozefhasalreadyhadmillionsoffansinPoland.Jozefhasbeenafanofhishometeamsince2012.JozeffirstcheeredupfortheChineseteamonsitein2014.JozefhasfollowedmostoftheinternationalmatchesoftheChineseteam.（5）WhathasJozefbeendoingonSinaWeibo？GivingsupporttothePolishteamSharinghislovefortheChineseteamAnsweringquestionsaboutplayingvolleyballBookingticketsformatchesoftheChineseteam【答案】（1）C（2）A（3）A（4）D（5）B【解析】【分析】文章大意：短文介紹了中國女排的鐵桿球迷“波蘭爺爺”。他從一開始就密切關注球隊現年60歲的喬澤夫在2012年倫敦奧運會的電視上看到這些女孩時，第一眼就愛上了中國女排。波蘭人對青年隊的表現非常著迷，尤其是對其核心球員惠若奇的表現。在2014年世界女子排球錦標賽上，他還從意大利的波蘭多驅車前往支持這些女孩。這位鐵桿球迷從波蘭到巴西旅行了數百英里，并預訂了中國女排所有比賽的門票。不僅得到了電視迷的認可，也得到了數以百萬計的中國電視觀眾的認可。他在新浪微博上有18000名粉絲，這是中國對Twitter的回應。（1）細節理解題。根據ItisnotbecauseheisnotChinese,butbecausehehasfollowedtheteamcloselyfromtheverybeginning這不是因為他不是中國人，而是因為他從一開始就密切關注球隊?？芍皇且驗樗麖囊婚_始就支持中國隊，故答案選C。（2）細節理解題。根據The60-year-oldJozeffellinlovewiththeChineseWomen'sVolleyballTeamatthefirstsightwhenhewatchedthegirlsattheLondonOlympicsonTVin2012.現年60歲的喬澤夫在2012年倫敦奧運會的電視上看到這些女孩時，第一眼就愛上了中國女排?？芍菑?012年開始，故答案選A。（3）細節理解題。根據HealsodroveallthewayfromPolandtoItalytolendsupportforthegirlsduringthe2014Women'sWorldVolleyballChampionship在2014年世界女子排球錦標賽上，他還從意大利的波蘭多驅車前往支持這些女孩，可知是開車。故答案選A。（4）細節理解題。根據andbookedticketsforallmatchesoftheChineseWomen'sVolleyball.并預定了中國女排所有比賽的門票?？芍獑虧煞蚋櫫酥袊牭拇蟛糠謬H比賽，故答案選D。（5）細節理解題。根據Hehas18,000followersonSinaWeibo,China'sanswertoTwitter,whereJozefhasbeensharinghisobsessionwithChineseinternetuserssince2013.他在新浪微博上有18000名粉絲，這是中國對Twitter的回應，自2013年以來，Jozef—直在與中國網民分享他對Twitter的癡迷?？芍谖⒉┥戏窒硭麑χ袊牭膼郏蚀鸢高xB?！军c評】考查閱讀理解題，本文涉及到了細節理解題，細節理解體比較簡單，可知直接從文章中找到答案。2．閱讀理解Whenfacedwithdifficultsituationsintheirlives,manypeoplefindthemtoochallengingandgiveup,especiallyontheirlifedreams.ButnotforGabrielHeredia.Gabrrelisa21-year-oldArgentineanbarber(阿根廷理發師)whowasbornwithouthands.Buthewasabletogrowuphappyandindependentbecausehealwayshadthesupportoffriendsandfamily.Infact,hisinspirationforsuchworkwashismother,whoisahairdresser.Attheageof14,hebegantotakeinterestinherworkandlearnedallkindsofhaircuttingskillsfromher.Althoughhefirstsawitasaninterest,Gabrielquicklydecidedthatthiswashisdreamjob.Gabriel'sfamilysoonhelpedhimopenhisfirstbarbershopinSanIsidro,Peru,whichheworkedatforoneandahalfyears.There,hemetZlatanGomez,thepresidentofArgentinaCorta,anorganizationforbarberstoconnect,docharity(慈善)work,andteachhairdressing.Later,GabrielbecamepartofArgentinaCorta,offeringhisservicestopeopleofallagessotheycanbuilduptheskillstheyneedtogetajob.GabrielthenmovedtoBuenosAires,Argentinawherehecutshairtoday.Asabrightandcaringyoungman,Gabrieltrieshardtonotonlybeabarber,butalsomakeaconnectionwiththeneighborhood.Hesays,"ThethingthatIlikethemostaboutmyjobisthatpeoplefeelcomfortableandstylishwithmycutsandthatmakesmefeelhappy."Gabrielalwaysdoeshisbesttobeindependent.Henevergivesup.Thereisnothinghecan'tdo.Besidescuttinghair,hehaslearnedtorideabike,amotorbikeandeventodriveacar.Heisnodoubtinspiringothers.WhenGabrielwasborn,whatmadehimdifferentfromothers?Hewasbornwithouthands.Hisspecialhaircut.Hislifedream.Hishappinessandindependence.Atfirst,GabrielHeredialearnedhaircuttingskills.fromZlatanGomezB.fromhismotherC.fromhisfriendsD.byhimselfWhichofthefollowingstatementsaboutGabrielHerediaisNOTtrue?Hetrieshardtomakeaconnectionwiththeneighborhood.Hecannotonlycuthairbutalsodriveacar.HejoinedArgentinaCortaandtaughtothershaircuttingskillsinSanIsidro.HeopenedhisfirstbarbershopinBuenosAireswiththehelpofhisfamily.WhatdoesGabriel'sstorymainlytellus?Agoodbeginningmakesagoodending.You'renevertoooldtolearn.Nothingisimpossibleifyoudon'tgiveup.Educationchangeslife.【答案】(1)A(2)B(3)D(4)C【解析】【分析】文章大意：很多人在面對困難時會選擇放棄，但是加布里埃爾?赫雷迪亞沒有放棄，他是一個理發師，生下來就沒有雙手，但是能夠獨立的成長，在家人的鼓勵和支持下，實現了自己的夢想，后來幫搬到了阿根廷首都，布宜諾斯艾利斯，繼續在那里理發。加布里埃爾總是盡力保持獨立。他從不放棄。他什么都能做。除了剪發，他還學會了騎自行車、摩托車甚至開車。他無疑在激勵別人。（1）細節理解題，根據whowasbornwithouthands.可知，使他與眾不同的是剩下了就沒有雙手，故答案是A。（2）細節理解題，根據Infact,hisinspirationforsuchworkwashismother,whoisahairdresser.Attheageof14,hebegantotakeinterestinherworkandlearnedallkindsofhaircuttingskillsfromher.可知是他的理發技藝來自他的媽媽，故答案是B。（3）正誤判斷題題，根據Gabriel'sfamilysoonhelpedhimopenhisfirstbarbershopinSanIsidro,Peru,whichheworkedatforoneandahalfyears.可知他在家人的幫助下在秘魯圣伊西德羅開了第一家理發店，而不是在布宜諾斯艾利斯，所以D的敘述錯誤，故答案是D。（4）細節理解題，根據根據文章內容可知，只要不放棄，什么都能成為可能，故答案是C?！军c評】考查閱讀理解。本文涉及細節理解題和正誤判斷題。細節理解題要可以直接從文中尋找答案；文章出處題需要根據文章內容確定其來源；正誤判斷題屬于細節理解題的一種，也需要根據文章內容進行判定。3．閱讀下列短文，從每小題所給的四個選項中，選出一個最佳選項。Oncetherewasasmallhotelwhosekeeperwasalwayscaringaboutmoney.Oneday,abusinessmanarrived.Thekeeperlookedattheman'sthickwalletandthought,"Oh,Iwishthatallthemoneycouldbemine!"Thebusinessmandidn'tnoticethat,soheorderedthemostexpensiveroomandwenttohisroomtodressfordinner.Aroundthehotel,thereweresomebeautifulginger（姜）plants.Manypeoplesaidthateatingthebuds（芽）ofgingerwouldmakeapersonforgetful.Thekeeperthought,"IfIservesomebudsofgingertothebusinessman,hemaybeforgetfultotakehiswallet!"Thenshewenttothekitchen.Soon,businessmancamedownstairsandaskedfordinner.Thekeeperwasveryexcitedassheservedthedishtohim."Delicious!"saidtherichman.Whendinnerwasfinished,hewenttobedhappily.Inthenextmorning,thekeepersawthebusinessmanleavingfromthefrontdoor.Assoonashewasoutofsight,sheranuptohisroom.Shelookedallovertheroomforthewallet,butshecouldn'tfindit.Suddenly,shenoticedapieceofpaperonthefloor.Itwasthebusinessman'sbill（賬單）.Hehadforgottentopayit!Sherandownthestairs,outofthefrontdoor,andacrosstheroaduntilshewasoutofbreath,butthebusinessmanwasalreadyfar,faraway."I'msosilly!”"criedthekeeper.（1）Thekeepercameupwithanideatoownthebusinessman'smoneywhen.shedressedherselfshecookedthemealinthekitchenthebusinessmanwentupstairshappilyshethoughtofthebudsofgingeraroundherhotel（2）Thekeeperranintothebusinessman'sroomassoonasheleftbecause.shewantedtofindtheman'sbillshewantedtofindthekeytotheman'sroomshewantedtocheckifthemanhadlefthismoneythereshewantedtoseeifthemanhadbrokenanythingintheroom（3）WhichifthefollowingisNOTtrueaccordingtothispassage?Thekeeperrealizedthebudsofgingerdidn'tworkintheend.Thekeeperranafterthebusinessmanbecauseofthebill.Thebusinessmandidn'tknowtherumor（謠言）aboutthebudsofginger.Thebusinessmandidn'tpaythekeeper'sbillbecausehelosthismoney.【答案】（1）D（2）C（3）D【解析】【分析】文章大意：一個貪財的旅店老板整天惦記著錢，一天一個商人來住店了，他認為商人有很多錢，于是就動了心思，他記著有些人說吃了姜芽可以讓人失去記憶，于是他就給商人吃了姜芽，第二天當商人出門之后，他去了房間找錢，但是啥也沒有，只發現了一個賬單，那是住店的賬單，這是他想起來了，商人還沒有結賬就走了。（1）細節理解題，根據Aroundthehotel,thereweresomebeautifulginger（姜）plants.Manypeoplesaidthateatingthebuds（芽）ofgingerwouldmakeapersonforgetful.可知，當他想起了旅店周圍的姜的時候，想起了一個把商人的錢占為己有的方法，故答案是Do（2）細節理解題，根據Assoonashewasoutofsight,sheranuptohisroom.Shelookedallovertheroomforthewallet,butshecouldn'tfindit.可知，他去房間是為了找商人的錢，故答案是Co（3）正誤判斷題，根據Hehadforgottentopayit!可知沒因為商人喪失了記憶力，忘記了結賬，故答案是Do【點評】考查閱讀理解，本文主要涉及到了細節理解題和正誤判斷題。細節理解題相對簡單，一般可以直接從文中找到答案或者解題依據。正誤判斷題是細節理解的一種題型，也是根據文章內容進行判斷的。4.閱讀材料，然后從各題所給的四個選項中選出一個最佳答案。Everyyear,morethan26,000childrenarriveinBritain.Weasksomenewarrivalswhattheylikebestabouttheirnewlivesandwhat'sdifferentfromhome.Jarek,PolandDaisy&Jarek,PolandDaisy&Luck,theUSAMysisterandIlikelivinghere.It'scool!MysisterlovestheBritishaccent（口音）MysisterandIlikelivinghere.It'scool!MysisterlovestheBritishaccent（口音）.Everybodyhereisverypolite.Butwedon'tunderstandallyourstrangewords-wesay""yard"notgarden,and""apartment"notflat.Thefoodisbetterhere.There'sChinese,IndianandThai.AthomeweeattoomuchZinah,Indiafastfood.It'stoocoldhere!Ihatedoingsports,especiallyoutsideinwinter.Theteacherhereisveryseriousaboutsports.Ipreferscienceandmaths.Ilovethemathsclassbecausetheteacherfastfood.（1）（1）Amongtheabovefourchildren,LuckB.Zinahprobablylikesthenewschoollifebest.JarckD.Daisy（2）InZinah'seyes,hermathsteacherinIndiamightbe_D.humorouscoldB.strictC.patientD.humorous（3）Thepassageisprobablytakenfromatravelmagazineaneducationwebsiteageographytextbookabusinessnewspaper【答案】（1）C（2）D(3)B【解析】【分析】文章大意：介紹了Jarek，Daisy，Lucy和Zinah來到英國以后自己的學習生活體驗。細節理解題。根據文中第一個方框中的語句Iliketeachershere.可知，Jarek喜歡這里的學校生活，故選C。細節理解題。根據文中的語句Ilovethemathsclassbecausetheteacherisreallyfunny,justlikemymathsteacherinIndia.理解可知，Zinah認為他的數學老師比較滑稽，幽默，故選D。理解歸納題。通讀全文可知，這篇文章主要介紹了四個到英國學習的學生自己的學習體會，應該與教育有關，故選B。【點評】考查閱讀理解。本文考查細節題和主旨題等?？碱}型，細節題要注意從文中抓住關鍵詞尋找答案；主旨題需要通讀全文，了解大意之后找出主題句。5．閱讀理解Maybewethreewerethemostunluckygraduatesinourschoolhistory.I'llneverforgetthedaywhenwehadourgraduationceremony（畢業典禮）.Iwasknownforbeingcareless.Ioftenfelldownfornoreason.SinceIfelloffthestage（舞臺）duringmyPrimaryGraduationCeremony,myfamilybet（打賭）thatIwouldfalldownagainduringmynextgraduationceremony.Thedaycamesoquickly.Thistime,Iproudlymadeitthroughthewholeceremonywithoutfalling.butIknockedoverthewholebackdrop（背景板）usedtotakepicturesforgraduates!Ifeltsoembarrassed（尷尬的）thewholemorning.MyfriendJuliawasevenmoreembarrassed.Whenshetogetherwithallthegraduateswassittingquietlyinthehallateightinthemorning,shedidn'texpectherfathertocometoattendherceremonybecausehewasreallybusythen.Thehallwasveryquietandyoucouldevenhearapin（針）dropontheground.Whenallofasudden,outofthesilence,sheheard""Hey,Julia!"EveryoneinthehalllookedbehindandfoundJulia'sfather,withacamerainhishand,smilingather!Tiffanywasthemostbeautifulgirlofusthree.Shelovedallkindsofdresses.Onthatday,shedressedherselfbeautifullyandwantedtohavesomebeautifulphotos.Unluckily,itwasoneofthewindiestdaysofourlife.Thewindblewherbeautifuldressupinfrontofthewholegraduateclass!Shedidn'tknowwhethertocryorlaugh.Lucky?Unlucky?Solucky!Allofthesebecametheunforgettablepartofourlife!（1）Thewriterwasveryinherdailylife.carelessB.carefulC.friendlyD.lazy（2）Julia'sfatheratthegraduationceremony.satquietlyinhisseatwasbusywithhisworktookpicturesforherdroppedapinontheground（3）Thisstoryhappenedonamorning.A.cloudyB.windyC.sunnyD.rainy（4）Tiffanywasembarrassedbecausethatday.shefelloffthestageshedidn'thavebeautifuldressesherdresswasblownupherphotosweren'tunforgettable（5）WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaccordingtothepassage?Thegirlsweren'tinthesameschool.Thewriterknockedoverthebackdrop.Juliaknewthatherfatherwouldcome.Tiffanylovedallkindsofshoes.【答案】（1）A（2）C（3）B（4）C（5）B【解析】【分析】文章大意：文章講述了在畢業典禮上，三個孩子身上所發生的的尷尬的事。幸運？不吉利？如此幸運！所有這些都成為人們生活中難忘的一部分！（1）細節理解題，根據Iwasknownforbeingcareless.可知，作者在平常生活中很粗心，故答案是A。（2）邏輯推理題，根據EveryoneinthehalllookedbehindandfoundJulia'sfather,withacamerainhishand,smilingather!可知朱莉的爸爸在為朱莉拍照，故答案是C。（3）細節理解題，根據Thewindblewherbeautifuldressupinfrontofthewholegraduateclass!可知風把她漂亮的衣服在全班同學面前吹起來了，所以那天上午是一個大風天，故答案是B。（4）細節理解題，根據倒數第二段的敘述可知蒂芙尼窘迫的原因是漂亮的裙子被風吹起來了，故答案是C。（5）正誤判斷題，根據Iknockedoverthewholebackdrop（背景板）usedtotakepicturesforgraduates!可知作者弄到了拍照用的背景板，因此A的陳述是正確的，故答案是B?！军c評】考查閱讀理解。本文涉及細節題、邏輯推理題和正誤判斷題幾種常考題型，細節題要注意從文中尋找答案；邏輯推理題需要聯系上下文，按照一定的邏輯推理方式推斷出需要的信息正誤判斷題同屬于細節理解題，需要根據短文內容進行判斷。6．根據短文內容，從各題所給的四個選項中選擇一個正確答案。Ayoungcoupledecidedtogocampinginthemountainstocelebratetheirfirstyearofmarriage.Theytookwiththemallthethingstheywouldneedtogocamping—warmclothes,foodandatent.Theywentuptothemountainsandfoundtheperfectplacetosetuptheirtent.Afterthat,theydecidedtogoforahike（遠足）toseemoreofthemountains.Afteralonghike,theywentbacktotheircamp,builtafireandcookeddinner.Finally,itwastimetogotosleep,Sometimeinthemiddleofthenight,thewifewokeherhusbandupandsaid,"Lookupatthesky.Whatdoyousee?"Herhusbandanswered,"Iseemillionsofstars."Hiswifesaid,"That'sright.Whatdoesthatmeantoyou?"Thehusbandsaid,"Well,iftherearesomanystarsoutthere,thatmeanstheremightalsobeaplanetjustliketheplanetweliveon:Andifthat'strue,thentherecouldbelifeononeofthoseplanets,That'skindofexciting!"Hiswifesaid,"Youarewrong.Itmeansthatsomeonehasstolenourtent!"TOC\o"1-5"\h\z（1）Theyoungcouplewenttothemountainsto.A.gofishingB.haveapartyC.gocampingD.celebratebirthdays（2）Beforegoinghiking,they.A.builtafireB.setupatentC.wenttosleepD.cookeddinner（3）Thehusbandcouldseeinthesky.A.manynicebirdsB.lotsofplanesC.somedarkcloudsD.millionsofstars（4）Thewifewantedtotellherhusband.A.someonestoletheirtentB.thestarswerebeautifulC.peoplelivedonotherplanetsD.therewasaplanetliketheirs（5）Thebesttitleofthepassageis"".A.ABoringTripB.AGreatPlanetC.AMissingTentD.APerfectNight【答案】（1）C（2）B（3）D（4）A（5）C【解析】【分析】本文講述一對年輕夫婦決定去山里露營慶祝他們結婚的第一年，半夜發現帳篷被偷了。（1）細節題。根據Ayoungcoupledecidedtogocampinginthemountainstocelebratetheirfirstyearofmarriage可知一對年輕夫婦決定去山里露營，故選C。（2）細節題。根據Theywentuptothemountainsandfoundtheperfectplacetosetuptheirtent.Afterthat,theydecidedtogoforahike（遠足）toseemoreofthemountains可知去遠足之前，他們搭個帳篷，故選B。（3）細節題。根據Herhusbandanswered,"Iseemillionsofstars可知丈夫看到數百萬顆星星，故選D。（4）細節題。根據Itmeansthatsomeonehasstolenourtent可知妻子想告訴丈夫有人偷了他們的帳篷，故選A。（5）主旨題。根據本文講述一對年輕夫婦決定去山里露營慶祝他們結婚的第一年，半夜發現帳篷被偷了可知AMissingTent適合做標題，故選C。【點評】考查閱讀理解。本文涉及細節題和主旨題，細節題要注意從文中尋找答案，主旨題需要通讀全文，了解大意之后找出中心思想。7．閱讀下面短文，從下面每小題的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出最佳選項。Acitywithoutcarswouldbeverystrange,right?ButVeniceissuchacity.Veniceisinthenorth-eastofItaly.Itwasn'tbuiltonland,likeBeijingorShanghai,butonmorethan110islands.Seawateriseverywherearoundthecity.Evenso,travelisn'tdifficult.Thewaterwayshavealwaysbeenthebestwaytogetaround.Thereare177waterwaysandmorethan400bridgesthatcanguideyouwhereyouwanttogo.PeopleinVenicemovefromplacetoplacebyboat.Theyliketoenjoythesceneryandthecoolsummernightwhiletakingboattrips.Theycantalktootherpeopleastheygoalong.VenicegrewoutofsmallislandsinsaltwaterlakeswhensomeItaliansescapedfromawarover1,500yearsago,andbuilthomesthere.Watermakesthecityspecial,butitisalsoabigproblem.Sometimestouristswillhavesuchstrangeexperiences.OnemomenttheywalkacrosstheRialtoBridge,andthere'snothingspecialbutwhentheycomebacktothebridgeanhourlater,it'sunderwaterandeveryoneiswearingrainshoes.Once,peopleusedtoomuchundergroundwater.Thismadethecitygetlowerlittlebylittle.Nowthecityhasgonedownby23centimetres.Anotherproblemistherisingseawater.Thetemperaturehasrisenovertheyears.ThishasmadetheiceoftheArcticOcean(北冰洋)melt(融化).Everyyear,highwatershitthecityinautumnandwinter.Whenalotofwatercomes,morethanhalfofthecityisunderwater.Scientistsaretryingdifferentwaystostopthecityfromgettingevenlower.TheItaliangovernmenthasaskedsomeofItaly'sbiggestcompaniestobuildtheMOSTproject,whichwasplannedtobebuiltundertheseawatertostoptherisingwater.Anyway,thisprojectishelpingsolvetheproblem.Accordingtothepassage,VeniceisofItaly.A.inthenorth-eastB.inthewestC.inthesouth-westD.inthesouthhavealwaysbeenthebestwaytogohereandthereinthecity.A.TaxisandcarsB.ThewaterwaysC.400bridgesD.BoatsandrainshoesVenicesmallislandsinsaltwaterlakesmorethan1,500yearsago.A.changedintoB.turnedintoC.becameD.developedfromWhichisNOTthereasonwhythecitygetslowerandlower?Thehighertemperature.Overusedundergroundwater.Toomanywaterways.Therisingseawater.ThepassageismainlyaboutofVenice.thewaterwaysandbridgestheMOSTprojectandproblemsthefeaturesandproblemsthehistoryandscenery【答案】(1)A(2)B(3)D(4)C(5)C【解析】【分析】文章大意：介紹了威尼斯是一座水上城市，還有它的地理位置，近況以及面臨的問題。(1)細節理解題。根據VeniceisinthenortheastofItaly.可知威尼斯位于意大利的東北部。故選A。（2）細節理解題。根據Thewaterwayshavealwaysbeenthebestwaytogetaround．可知水路是最好的出行方式。故選B。（3）細節理解題。根據VenicegrewoutofsmallislandsinsaltwaterlakeswhensomeItaliansescapedfromawarover1,500yearsago,andbuilthomesthere.可知威尼斯從咸水湖小島發展而成。故選D。（4）細節理解題。根據Once,peopleusedtoomuchundergroundwater.Thismadethecitygetlowerlittlebylittle.Nowthecityhasgonedownby23centimeters.Anotherproblemistherisingseawater.Thetemperaturehasrisenovertheyears.ThishasmadetheiceoftheArcticOcean（北冰洋）melt.可知太多的水路與城市變得越來越低沒有關系。故選C。（5）主旨歸納題。根據語境Evenso,travelisn'tdifficult.Thewaterwayshavealwaysbeenthebestwaytogetaround.和Anyway，thisprojectishelpingsolvetheproblem.可知文章主要說的是威尼斯的特色和問題。故選C?！军c評】考查閱讀理解。本文考查細節題和主旨題等?？碱}型,細節題要注意從文中抓住關鍵詞尋找答案；主旨題需要通讀全文,了解大意之后找出主題句。8．閱讀理解Manyyearsagotherewasasmartprince.Butheneverlistenedtohisparentswhentheyaskedhimtocleanhisroom.Oneday,aprincess（公主）inanothercountrywasgoingtoholdaparty.Sheinvitedalltheprincesfromnearbycountries.Theprincewasexcited,andpreparedwithgreatcare.However,onthedayoftheparty,hisroomwassomessy（凌亂的）thathecouldn'tfindhisinvitation.Helookedforiteverywhere,butcouldn'tfinditanywhere.Sohedecidedtocleanhisroom.Luckily,hefounditatlast.Whenhefinallyarrivedattheparty,itwasover.Theprincewasverysadandhedecidedtochangehimself.Sometimesnoteverythingwasbad.Theprincesshadnotfoundherfavouriteboyfriendattheparty.Andlatershehadanotherparty.Thistimetheprincegoteverythingready.Hegottothepartyontime,andmettheprincess.Soontheyfellinlovewitheachother.（1）Itisclearthattheprincewasinthepastaccordingtothestory.A.uglyB.lazyC.boredD.kind（2）Thatdaytheprincewasexcitedbecause.A.hewasthesmartestprinceB.hewouldseetheprincessC.hekepthisroomcleanD.hefoundhisinvitation（3）Whydidtheprincedecidetochangehimself?A.Becausetheprincessdidn'tlikehim.B.Becausehisparentsaskedhimtodoso.C.Becausetheprincessaskedhimtodoso.D.Becausehemissedthepartyandhefeltsad.（4）WhichofthefollowingisWRONGaccordingtothepassage?Theprinceonlymettheprincessonce.Theprincefoundhisinvitationtothefirstparty.Theprincesswantedtofindaboyfriendattheparty.Theprincechangedhimselfintoacarefulperson.【答案】（1）B（2）B（3）D（4）A【解析】【分析】文章大意：本文主要介紹了一位王子的變化。（1）細節理解題。根據文中語句Butheneverlistenedtohisparentswhentheyaskedhimtocleanhisroom.提示可知，這個王子非常的懶惰，故選B。（2）細節理解題。根據文中語句Oneday,aprincess（公主）inanothercountrywasgoingtoholdaparty.Sheinvitedalltheprincesfromnearbycountries.提示可知，這個王子被公主邀請參加她的聚會，要去見公主，所以非常的激動，故選B。（3）細節理解題。根據文中語句Whenhefinallyarrivedattheparty,itwasover.Theprincewasverysadandhedecidedtochangehimself.提示可知，這個王子錯過了晚會很傷心，所以他決定改變自己，故選D。（4）理解推斷題。通讀全文語句可知，這個王子與公主沒有見過面，選項A的描述是錯誤的，故選A。【點評】考查閱讀理解。本題主要考查了細節理解題以及判斷題，做題的時候，先從題目中找到一個關鍵詞，它可以幫助我們很快地定位原文，找到答案。二、中考英語完形填空（含答案詳細解析）9．閱讀下面短文，從每小題A、B、C、D中選出一個能填入文章中相應空白處的最佳答案。Forthousandsofyears,peoplefarmedtheland.Theygrewfruitsandvegetables.Theyhuntedandfishedformeat.They1cloth,dyes（染料）andpaperfromplants.Theyusedstoneandmetalforweaponsandtools.Peopleprogressedtomakingmachinespowered2waterandsteam（蒸汽），andevenlater,bycoal,oil,andpetrol.Largecitieswerebuilt.Factories3ofmachinescreatedjobsinthecitiesforthousandsofpeople.TheIndustrialRevolution（工業革命）changedthelivesofmanypeoplebecause,forthefirsttime,morepeoplelivedincitiesthanon4.Companiesbuiltpowerplants（工廠）tomake5torunthemachines,factoriesandcities.Peopledidnotrealizetheseactivitieswere6theEarth.Theydidn'trealizebow7oil,gas,coalandmineralswerebeingusedup.8citiesgrewbiggerandspreadacrosstheland,plantsandanimalsbegantodisappear.Theirnaturehomesweredestroyed（破壞）aspeoplemovedintonewplaces.Astimepassed,peoplebeganto9theneedtoprotecttheEarthanditsnaturalresources（資源）.Theysawthatplantsandanimalsneededprotection,sotheywouldn'tdisappearforever.Peoplejoinedtogethertotell10aroundtheworldtoconserve（節約）ournaturalresourcesandcarefortheEarth.Andso.EarthDaywasborn.Eachyear,moreandmorepeopletakepartinEarthDay.Whatcanyoudotohelp?

1.A.separatedB.washedC.made1.A.separatedB.washedC.madeD.mixed2.A.asB.forC.withD.by3.A.fullB.proudC.sickD.short4.A.mountainsB.riversC.grasslandsD.farms5.A.metalB.waterC.electricityD.oil6.A.helpingB.harmingC.wastingD.losing7.A.clearlyB.hardlyC.quicklyD.slowly8.A.BeforeB.IfC.AsD.Though9.A.forgetB.seeC.rememberD.get10.A.themB.otherC.anotherD.others【答案】（1)C；(2)D；(3)A；(4)D；5）C；（6）B；（7）C；（8）C；（9）B；（10）D；【解析】【分析】本文呼吁人們要保護我們的自然資源和，關心地球。（1）句意：他們制作布料，染料和紙，用石頭和金屬制造武器和工具。A分離，B洗滌，C制作，D混合，根據Theyusedstoneandmetalforweaponsandtools用石頭和金屬制造武器和工具，可知此處是制作的意思，故選C。（2）句意：人們逐漸發展到以水和蒸汽為動力，甚至后來以煤、油和汽油為動力的機器。根據bycoal,oil,andpetrol,可知是介詞by,故選D。（3）句意：滿是機器的工廠為成千上萬的人在城市創造了就業機會。A滿的，B驕傲的，C生病的，D短的，修飾機器的是full，故選A。（4）句意：工業革命改變了許多人的生活，第一次住在城市里的人比住在農村里的人多。A山,B河流，C草地，D農場，根據常識，宜居的地方除了城市就是農場，故選Do（5）句意：公司建造發電廠制作電來運行機器，工廠和城市。A金屬，B水，C電，D油，根據powerplants，可知是電，故選C。（6）句意：人們沒有意識到這些活動對地球的傷害。A幫助，B傷害，C浪費，D丟失，根據，故選B。（7）句意：他們沒有意識到石油、天然氣、煤炭和礦產正在迅速枯竭。A清晰地，B幾乎不，C迅速地，D慢地，根據werebeingusedup，可知是副詞修飾動詞，此處表示用完的速度之快，故選Co（8）句意：隨著城市變得更大，遍布大地，植物和動物開始消失。A在之前，B如果，C隨著，D盡管，根據Astimepassed，可知是as,故選Co（9）句意：隨著時間的推移，人們開始看到保護地球及其自然資源的必要性。A忘記，B看到，C記得，D得到，根據Theysawthatplantsandanimals，可知是saw，故選B。（10）句意：人們聯合起來告訴世界各地的人們要保護我們的自然資源和，關心地球。A他們，B其他的，修飾名詞，C另一個，修飾名詞單數，D其他的，不修飾名詞，tell后缺少賓語，此處沒有名詞，根據aroundtheworld可知全世界修飾others，故選D?！军c評】考查詞匯在篇章中的運用能力，答題時首先要跳過空格通讀文章掌握其大意，然后細讀文章字斟句酌逐一作答，注意考慮句型、語法、搭配、語境等因素。最后通讀一遍檢查驗證。

10．完形填空IwillneverforgettheSundayafternoonsIspentatmygrandfather'sfarminwesternPennsylvaniawhenIwasalittleboy.Milesofwindingstonewallsaroundthehouseprovidedendlesshoursof1foracitykidlikeme.IcanstillrememberoneafternoonwhenIwaseightyearsold.Sincemyfirstvisittothe2,I'dwantedtobeallowedtoclimbthestonewallsaroundthefarm.Myparentswouldneverapprove（贊同）.Still,mywishtoclimbacrossthosewallsgrewso3.Onespringafternoon,Ipickedupallmycourageand4thelivingroom,wheretheadultsweresittingandtalkingoverteaafterdinner."CanIclimbthestonewalls?"Iasked.Immediatelythewomenintheroomcried."Heavens,no!You'll5yourself!"Iwasn'ttoodisappointed;theirreplywasjustasrdexpected.ButbeforeIcouldleavetheroom,my6stoppedme."Waitaminute."Iheardhimsay,"Lettheboyclimbthestonewalls.Hehasto7todothingsforhimself.""Hurryup,"hesaidtome,"andcomeandseemewhenyougetback".ForthenexttwoandahalfhoursIclimbedthoseoldwallsandhadthe_8ofmylife.LaterImetwithmygrandfathertotellhimaboutmyadventure（冒險）.I'llneverforgetwhathesaid."Fred,"hesaid,smiling,"youmadethisdaya9dayjustbybeingyourself.Always10,there'sonlyonepersoninthiswholeworldlikeyou,andIlikeyouexactlyasyouare."1.A.sadnessB.pityC.fun1.A.sadnessB.pityC.funD.puzzle2.A.farmB.houseC.homeD.room3.A.weakB.highC.lowD.strong4.A.visitedB.enteredC.sawD.left5.A.enjoyB.hurtC.forgetD.lose6.A.motherB.fatherC.grandfatherD.friend7.A.agreeB.finishC.promiseD.learn8.A.timeB.loveC.regretD.failure9.A.terribleB.difficultC.specialD.hopeless10.A.hopeB.forgetC.valueD.remember【答案】(1)C；(2)A；(3)D；(4)B；(5)B；(6)C；(7)D；(8)A；(9)C；(10)D；【解析】【分析】【文章大意】本文主要講述了是作者小時候在爺爺家的農場是如何度過一個難忘的周日下午。句意：數英里的石墻為這個城市孩子提供了無盡的有趣的時間?？疾樵~義辨析，A悲傷；B可惜；C有趣；D迷惑，根據文章第一句IwillneverforgettheSundayafternoonsIspentatmygrandfather'sfarminwesternPennsylvaniawhenIwasalittleboy.可知是有趣的時光，故選C。句意：既然是我第一次參觀農場，我早就希望能被允許爬上農場周圍的石墻。考查上下文的理解，根據下一句rdwantedtobeallowedtoclimbthestonewallsaroundthefarm.可知是第一次參觀農場，故選A。句意：仍然，我想翻越石墻的愿望變得如此強烈?？疾樵~義辨析及上下文的理解，A弱的；B高的；C低的；D強烈的，強壯的，根據上一句Myparentswouldneverapprove(贊同)?和Still,可知盡管父母不同意，我的愿望仍然強烈，故選Do句意：一個春天的下午，我鼓足勇氣走進起居室。考查詞義辨析及上下文理解，A訪問，參觀；B進入；C看見；D離開，根據下文""CanIclimbthestonewalls?"Iasked.可知是作者進屋請求大人的允許，故選Bo句意：天啊，不行，你會傷著你自己的！考查詞義辨析及上下文理解，A喜歡；B受傷；C忘記；D丟失，根據上文可知作者要翻越石墻，請求大人的允許，大人們擔心會傷著作者，故選Bo句意：我還沒來得及離開房間，我的爺爺阻止了我?？疾樯舷挛牡睦斫?，根據下文LaterImetwithmygrandfathertotellhimaboutmyadventure(冒險).可知是爺爺阻止了我，故選Co句意：他不得不學會自己做事情。考查詞義辨析及上下文理解，A同意；B結束；C答應；D學會，根據上一句Lettheboyclimbthestonewalls.可知是讓作者學會自己做事情，故選Do句意：在接下來的兩個半小時里，我爬了這些石墻，度過了我一生中最美好的時光。havethetimeofone'slife是固定詞組“度過一生中最美好的時光”，故選A。句意：做你自己，讓今天成為特別的一天。考查詞義辨析及上下文的理解，A糟糕的；B困難的；C特殊的；D沒有希望的，根據文章第一句可知作者在爺爺家度過了難忘的一天，所以今天對作者來說是特殊的一天，故選Co句意：記住，世界上只有一個人像你，而我喜歡你本來的樣子?？疾樵~義辨析，A希望；B忘記；C有價值；D記住，爺爺是要作者記住下面的這句話，故選Do【點評】考查完形填空，首先通讀全文，掌握大意。考慮語境，上下文呼應，運用邏輯思維進行推理，再根據自己最有把握的、最熟悉的短語、習慣用語、動詞形式和句子結構等各種因素加在一起綜合考慮，仔細推敲進行選擇。最后復查核對，決定取舍。11.閱讀短文，掌握其大意，從A、B、C三個選項中選擇最佳答案填空。(共1小題，每小題10分)Onedayayoungladywasdrivingalongwithherfather.Theymetastrong1,andtheyounglady2herfather."WhatshouldIdo?"Herfathersaid."Keepdriving."Butlater.manycarsbegantopullover(向路邊?？?3thestormwasgettingworseandworse."WhatshouldIdo?"theyoungladyaskedherfatheragain."Keepdriving."herfatherreplied4thesameanswer.Afterdrivingafewmiles,she5thatmorecarswerealsopullingover.Shetoldherfather."Imustpullover.Ican6seeahead.Itisterrible,andeveryoneispullingover!"Herfathertoldher."Don'tgiveup.Justkeepdriving."Afteracoupleofmilesshewasagainondryland.7thesuncameout.Herfathersaid.""Nowyoucanpulloverandgetout."Sheasked."8now?"Herfathersaid."Lookbackatallthepeoplethatgaveup.Theyare9inthestorm.Becauseyoudidn'tgiveupyourstormisnowover."Whenyou10hardtimes,keepgoingandsoonyourstormwillbeoverandthesunwillshineuponyourfaceagain.1.A.stormB.windC.rain2.A.toldB.askedC.ordered3.A.untilB.aslongasC.because4.A.byB.inC.with5.A.noticedB.believedC.wondered6.A.seldomB.hardlyC.nearly7.A.andB.soC.but8.A.WhatB.HowC.Why9.A.alsoB.stillC.ever10.A.gobyB.gooutC.gothrough【答案】(1)A；(2)B；(3)C；(4)C；(5)A；(6)B；(7)A；(8)C；(9)B；(10)C；【解析】【分析】主要講了年輕女士和爸爸開車時遇到了暴風雨，所有人都靠路邊停留，爸爸卻讓作者一直開車，直到開到暴風雨停止的地方。句意：他們遇見了一次強烈的暴風雨。A.暴風雨；B.風；C.雨。根據后文thestormwasgettingworseandworse可知暴風雨，故選A。句意：年輕的女士問她爸爸：“我應該做什么？”A.告訴；B.問；C.訂購。女士問爸爸應該做什么，所以用ask，故選B。句意：許多車開始靠路邊停靠，因為暴風雨越來越糟糕。A.直到；B.只要；C.因為。因為暴風雨越來越大，所以人們靠路邊?？?，故選Co句意：她的爸爸用相同的答案回答。A.通過；B.在……里面；C.用。根據全文可知女士問爸爸做什么時爸爸一直用相同的答案回答，即繼續開，故選Co句意：開了幾分鐘后，她注意到更多的車也正在靠路邊?？?。A.注意；B.相信；C.想知道。作者注意到許多人都在靠路邊?？?，故選Ao句意：我幾乎看不見前面。A.很少；B.幾乎不；C.幾乎。暴風雨太大了所以女士幾乎看不見前面，所以用hardly，幾乎不，故選B。句意：開了幾英里之后，她再次在干燥的陸地上，并且太陽出來了。A.和；B.所以；C.但是。干燥的陸地和太陽出來了表示并列關系，所以用and，故選Ao句意：現在為什么要靠路邊?？?。A.什么；B.怎樣；C.為什么。根據前文Nowyoucanpulloverandgetout.可知現在沒有暴風雨了，爸爸讓女士出來，靠路邊?？?，所以女士問原因，故選C。句意：他們仍然在暴風雨中。A.也；B.仍然；C.曾經。根據前文可知放棄前行的那些人仍然在暴風雨中，故選Bo句意：當你經歷困難時，繼續前行，很快暴風雨將結束，太陽將再次照亮你的臉。A.時間的流逝；B.出去；C.經歷。經歷困難，所以用gothrough，故選C?！军c評】考查完形填空，首先通讀一遍文章，跳過缺失的單詞，再根據上下文來判斷所缺單詞的含義，最后對選項進行區別，選出正確的那一項。12．閱讀下面短文，選擇最佳的答案，并在答題卡上將其字母標號涂黑。Summerholidayiscoming.LinTaoandhisclassmatesWangHai,ZhangMeiaremakingtheirholiday1.LinTaoisafootballfan.Soheisgoingto2hisfavouritefootballteamplay.Heisgoingtoweartheteamshirtandcheerthe3.It'sgoingtobegreatfunandhehopesthathisteamwill4thebestscoreandwinthematch.WangHaiisgoingtodosomethinghelpfulwithhisfamilyinJuly.There'salotoflitterinthepark,5they'regoingtocollectit.Theyhopetodosomethingtomaketheirhometown6.Besides,theywanttobevolunteersand7farmerswithsomefarmwork.ZhangMeiisgoingtoasummercampabroadandwillstaywith8Australianfamily.9doessheplantodoso?BecauseshewantstoimproveherspokenEnglish10.LinTaoandhisclassmatesarealllookingforwardtotheirsummerholiday.1.A.hotelsB.plansC.tickets2.A.watchB.smellC.feel3.A.singersB.writersC.players4.A.getB.loseC.give5.A.butB.orC.so6.A.happyB.cleanC.wide7.A.bringB.helpC.leave8.A.theB.aC.an9.A.WhyB.WhenC.Where10.A.quicklyB.quietlyC.loudly【答案】（1）B；（2）A；（3）C；（4）A；（5）C；（6）B；（7）B；（8）C；（9）A；（10）A；【解析】【分析】短文大意：文章主要介紹了暑假要來了，劉濤和他的同學們正在計劃著如何度過暑假。（1）考查名詞辨析。A旅館；B計劃