分詞分詞作賓語補足語。現在分詞和過去分詞都可以作賓語補足語。在5看(lookat,see,watch,notice,observe)；3使(make,let,have)；2聽(listento,hear)；1感覺(fell)。，此夕卜find,catch,keep,have.Iheardagirlcryingnextdoor.Iheardsomeoneknockingatthedoor.Hekeptmewaitingforalongtime.IsawTomenteringtheroom.Ifoundmykeylost.Ifoundtheboybeatenblackandblue.Hemadehimselfunderstood.Johnwillgethisroompainted.Exercisesl:Iheardmyname(call)-Hisvoicewastoolowtomakehimself(hear)_.Wefoundtheeggs(eat)bythesnake.You'dbetterhave/getyourhair(cut).Ihadmyleftarm(break)yesterday.ExercisesII:Shewasgladtoseeherchildwell.A.takecareof B.takencareofC.takencareD.takingcareofWhydoyoustandandwatchthemilk.A.boiling B.boiled C.fromboilingD.havingbeenboiledI’veheardhimaboutyouoften.A.spokeB.speakingC.speakD.tospeakBeforehecametoLondon,hehadneverheardasingleEnglishword.A.speakingB.spoken C.speak D.beingspokenWalkingalongtheriver,weheardsomeoneforhelp.A.shouting B.shout C.shouted D.havingshoutedIheldthelittlebirdinmyhandandfeltitsheart.A.jumping B.beating C.bumping D.knocking---“Doyousmellanythingunusual?”---“Yes.Icansmellsomething.”A.burning B.isburning C.havingburnt D.burnWhydoyouhavethewaterallthetime?A.ran B.toberunning C.running D.beingrunningEllenwasabsentthismorningbecauseshehadhertooth.A.fillingB.havingbeenfilledC.filled D.fullIcan’tyourunningupanddownalldaylong.A.permitB.letC.haveD.allowIsthereanythingyouwantfromtown?I’mgoingtoget.A.thoselettersmailedB.mailedlettersC.tomailedthoselettersD.thoselettersmailTheteachergotthestudentsallthewordstheydidn’tknow.A.lookedup B.lookingin C.tolookup D.lookatWhatdidtheschoolmasterwanttothenoisychildren?A.doing B.todo C.done D.didTheywantedtheworkwithgreatcare.A.tohavedoneB.tobedoneC.doingD.todoIneedthischapterbeforetomorrow.A.rewritingB.rewrittenC.rewriteD.towriteagainHavingreadtheEmperor’sNewClothes,weallfoundit.A.interest B.interested C.interesting D.tointerestWhenshereturnedhome,shefoundthewindowopenandsomething.A.tosteal B.losing C.missed D.stolenMyhometownisfound.A.completechangingB.havingcompletelychangedC.completelychangeD.completelychangedWefoundmanypeopleinthemeetingroom.A.seat B.seating C.toseat D.seatedTherewassomuchnoisethatthespeakercouldnotmakehimself.A.beingheardB.heardC.hearingD.hear161.BecauseofmypoorEnglishI’mafraidIcan’tmakemyself .A.understandB.beunderstoodC.understoodD.understanding162.Don’tlethim you foralongtime.A.tomake,waitB.make,towaitC.make,waitD.tomake,towait163.Hekeptme formanyhours.A.towaitB.havingbeenwaitedC.waitingD.waited164.Mothercaughttheboy inthecorner.A.smokeB.tosmokeC.smokingD.beingsmoked165.Johnlefthiscoat_ onthesofa..A.layingB.lyingC.laid D.lain答案：141-145BACBA146-150BACCC151-155ACCBB156-160CDDDB161-165CCCCB分詞做狀語主動 被動1） 一般式 writing beingwritten2） 完成式havingwrittenhavingbeenwrittenFeelingtired,Tomwenttobedearly.Notwantingtowakeher,SteveleftthehousesilentlyHavingfinishedhishomework,hewentout.Askedbymymother,Iwaseagertohelphersolvethesnakeproblem.Havingbeentoldmanytimes,shestillcan’trememberit.Givenmoretime,Icandoitbetter現在分詞或分詞短語做狀語時，也可以表示時間、原因、結果、條件、讓步、方式、伴隨狀況等?其邏輯主語必須和句子的主語一致，有時with\without+名詞或代詞賓格+分詞也可以表示伴隨狀況如：Whilereadingthebook,henoddedfromtimetotime.（時間）Theteacherstoodthere,surroundedbythestudents.（方式）Hesentmeane-mail,hopingtogetfurtherinformation.（伴隨）分詞作時間狀語，如果先與主動詞的動作，且強調先后，要用havingdone。如：Havingansweredtheletter,shewentontolistentotheradio.Havingbeencriticizedbytheteacher,LiMinggaveupsmoking.注意:如果是否定句,not一般放在句首，如：Nothavingreceivedhisreply,hedecidedtowriteagain.分詞做狀語時有時可在其前面加上while、when、if、evenif、although、once、unless等連詞,使用何種分詞仍然取決于與主語的關系，主動關系用現在分詞,被動關系用過去分詞.如：WhilestayinginBeijing,Ivisitedsomeofmyfriends.Unlessinvited,Iwillnotattendhisparty.Althoughworkingveryhard,hecouldn'tsatisfyhisboss.分詞短語作狀語時，通常與主句中的主語在邏輯上一致，一般來說，句子的主語應是分詞的邏輯主語，不然，就會出現不一致的情況但有時它也可以有自己獨立的邏輯上的主語，這種結構稱為獨立主格結構。如誤：Hearingthenews,tearscametohereyes.正：Hearingthenews,sheburstintotears.正：Whensheheardthenews,tearscametohereyesHergrandfatherbeingill,shehadtostayathomelookingafterhim.例如：hermotherhadcome,herfacelitup.A.HearingB.HavingheardC.WhenhearingD.Whensheheard答案D當句子主語不能充當分詞的邏輯主語時，應用獨立主格結構或狀語從句.不過,英語中也有一些分詞，其邏輯主語不是句子的主語,它們已變成固定詞組，表示說話人對所說的話的一種態度。如：Strictlyspeaking,hisansweriswrong.Judgingfrom/byhisaccent,heisfromAmerica.Timepermitting,IwillpayavisittomyEnglishteacher.Supposing(=Suppose)itrainstomorrow,whatshallwedo?Consideringtheabsenceofthechairman,wedecidedtodelaythemeeting.TalkingofJim,haveyouheardthathe'sgettingmarried?ExercisesIfyouturntotheleft,youwillfindthehotel. ,youfillfindthehotel.Becausethereportwaswritteninahurry,ithasalotofmistakes.,thereporthasalotofmistakes.Aftershehadwashedthedishes,sheputtheminthedishdryer.,sheputtheminthedishdryer.Ashedidn'tknowwheretogo,hestayedhome. ,hestayedhome.Iwasfrightenedbytheloudnoise.Iwenttoseewhatwashappening. ,Iwenttoseewhatwashappening.FillintheblanksEg.Followedbytheteacher,thestudentsenteredtheclassroom.Followingtheteacher,thestudentsenteredtheclassroom.(see)fromthemountain,Icanseemyhometown.(see)fromthemountain,myhometownlooksverybeautiful.(look)atthequestionsinthetestpaper,Ifoundthemtotallystrangetome.(know)heraddress,Iamnotabletocontacther.(see)thefilmtwice,Ididn’twanttogotothecinema.(follow)byherstudents,theEnglishteachercameintotheclassroom.(tell)manytimes,hestillrepeatedthesamemistake.過去分詞作原因狀語Greatlyinspiredbytheteacher'swords,IhavemadeupmymindtoworktoEnglishevenharder。在老師的鼓勵下，我決心更加努力地學習英語。Greatlymovedbythefilm,theyallcried.他們看了那部電影深受感動，都哭了。Surroundedbyagroupofyoungpeople,theoldmanfelthappy.身邊圍著一群年輕人，老人感到很高興。過去分詞作狀語，表示伴隨情況或方式。Thetrainerappeared,followedbysixlittledogs.訓練員出現了，后面跟著六條小狗。Hewalkedupanddowntheroom,lostinthought.他在屋子時走來走去，陷入了沉思。Filledwithextraordinarystrength,heraisedhimself.他使出全身的力氣站了起來。過去分詞做條件狀語Givenmuchtime,wecoulddoitbetter.多給點時間的話，我們會做得更好。過去分詞做時間狀語Whenheated,icecanbechangedintowater.冰加熱時變成水。過去分詞表示在謂語動詞之前發生的動作，本身有被動的含義，所以只有一般式，沒有完成式.值得注意的是，有些過去分詞因來源于系表結構，作狀語時不表被動而表主動。這樣的過去分詞及短語常見的有：lost(迷路)；seated(坐)；hidden(躲)；stationed(駐扎)；lost/absorbedin(沉溺于)；born(出身于)；dressedin(穿著)；tiredof(厭煩)。Lost/Absorbedindeepthought,hedidn'thearthesound.因為沉溺于思考之中，所以他沒聽到那個聲音。Borninthisbeautifultown,hehatestoleaveit.出生于這個美麗的小鎮，他不愿離開它分詞做定語1)Thehousebuiltlastyearisverylarge.TheOlympicGames,firstplayed(比賽)in776B.C.,didnotincludewomenplayersuntil1912.(NMET1997)ThefirsttextbookswrittenforteachingEnglishasaforeignlanguagecameoutinthe16thcentury.(NMET99)Thekeytosolvingtheproblemistoomeetthedemandmadebythecustomers.Exercises:Iheardmyname(call、Hisvoicewastoolowtomakehimself(hear)_.Wefoundtheeggs(eat)bythesnake.You'dbetterhave/getyourhair(cut).Ihadmyleftarm(break)yesterday.1.I'mgoingtohavemyradio.A.fixed B.tofixC.fix D.fixing2.Ifyouwaveyourbookinfrontofyourface,youcanfeeltheairagainstyourface.A.movedB.movingC.movesD.tomove3.What'sthelanguageinGermany?A.speakingB.spoken C.bespokenD.tospeak4.someofficials,Napoleoninspectedhisarmy.A.FollowedB.FollowedbyC.BeingfollowedD.Havingbeenfollowedby5.ThissentenceneedsA.animprovementB.improveC.improvingD.improved6."There'saholeinyourbag.""lknow.Iamgoingtohaveit.”A.mendB.mendingC.mendedD.tobemended7.Hehadhisleginthematchyesterday.A.tobreakB.brokenC.breakD.breaking8.Mostofthepeopletothepartywerefamousscientists.A.invitedB.toinviteC.beinginvitedD.inviting41."Goodmorning.CanIhelpyou?""I'dliketohavethispackage,madam."A.beweighedB.tobeweighedC.toweighD.weighed9.MostoftheartiststothepartywerefromSouthAfrica.A.invitedB.toinviteC.beinginvitedD.hadbeeninvited44.moreattention,thetreescouldhavegrownbetter.A.GivenB.TogiveC.Giving D.Havinggiven10.Themurdererwasbroughtin,withhishandsbehindhisback.A.beingtiedB.havingtiedC.tobetiedD.tied11.Thecomputercentre,lastyear,isverypopularamongthestudentsinthisschool.A.openB.opening C.havingopenedD.opened12.ThefirsttextbooksforteachingEnglishasaforeignlanguagecameoutinthe16thcentury.A.havingwrittenB.tobewrittenC.beingwrittenD.hought,healmostranintothecarinfrontofhim.A.LosingB.HavinglostC.Lost D.Tolose14.TheOlympicGames,in776B.C.,didnotincludewomenplayersuntil1912.A.firstplayingB.tobefirstplayedC.firstplayedD.tobefirstplaying98)15.Cleaningwomeninbigcitiesusuallygetbythehour.A.payB.paying C.paid D.topay(2001)16.suchheavypollutionalready,itmaynowbetoolatetocleanuptheriver.A.HavingsufferedB.SufferingC.TosufferD.Suffered2002上海)17.Don'tusewords,expressions,orphrasesonlytopeoplewithspecificknowledge.A.beingknownB.havingbeenknownC.tobeknownD.known(2002上海)18.tosunlightfortoomuchtimewilldoharmtoone'sskin.A.ExposedB.HavingexposedC.BeingexposedD.Afterbeingexposed(2002春招)19.Pricesofdailygoodsthroughacomputercanbelowerthanstoreprices.A.areboughtB.boughtC.beenboughtD.buying（2002上海春招）20.When,themuseumwillheopentothepublicnextyear.A.completedB.completingC.beingcompletedD.tobecompleted（2002廣東）21.Theresearchissodesignedthatoncenothingcanbedonetochangeit.A.begins B.havingbegunC.beginningD.begun（2003全國）22.time,he'llmakeafirst-classtennisplayer.A.HavinggivenB.TogiveC.GivingD.Given（2003上海）23.Generallyspeaking,accordingtodirections,thedrughasnoside-effect.A.whentakingB.whentakenC.whentotakeD.whentobetaken（2003上海）24.Thereisanewprobleminvolvedinthepopularityofprivatecarsroadconditionsneed.A.that;tobeimprovedB.which;tobeimprovedC.where;improvingD.when;improving2003上海春招）25.Unlesstospeak,youshouldremainsilentattheconference.A.invitedB.invitingC.beinginvitedD.havinginvited（2003上海春招）26.Friendshipislikemoney:easiermadethan.A.keptB.tobekeptC.keepingD.beingkeptTheflowerssweetinthebotanicgardenattractthevisitorstothebeautyofnature.（04上海）A.tosmellB.smellingC.smelt D.tobesmeltThedisc,digitallyinthestudio,soundedfantasticatthepartythatnight.（04上海）A.recorded B.recording C. toberecorded D.havingrecordedWhenfirsttothemarket,theseproductsenjoyedgreatsuccess.（04全國II）Aintroducing Bintroduced Cintroduce DbeingintroducedItshamesmetosayit,butItoldaliewhenatthemeetingbymyboss.（04全國IV）Aquestioning Bhavequestioned Cquestioned DtobequestionedI'mgoingtothesupermarketthisafternoon.Doyouhaveanything?（04上海春季）A.tobebuyingB.tobuy C.forbuying D.boughtThepilotaskedallthepassengersonboardtoremainastheplanewasmakingalanding.（04上海春季） A.seatB.seatingC.seatedD.tobeseatingTheprizeofthegameshowis$30,000andanallexpensesvacationtoChina.（05北京卷）A.payingB.paidC.tobepaidD.beingpaid動名詞動名詞有兩種時態和語態1.一般式(doing):表示動名詞中的動作與謂語動作同時或之后發生，或者沒明確時間先后。典例：Thispublicadvertencouragespeopletoparticipateinprotectinganimals.(主動)這個公益廣告鼓勵人們參與保護動物。Wehavetopreventtheairfrombeingpolluted.（被動）我們必須阻止空氣被污染。2.完成式（havingdone）：表示動名詞動作發生在謂語動作之前。典例：Irememberhavingread“GonewiththeWind”before.主動）我記得以前讀過《亂世佳人》這本書。IrememberhavingbeentakentoBeijingbefore.（被動）我記得以前我被帶到北京（去玩）過。（二） 動名詞的否定結構，notdoing，not前還可再加形容詞性物主代詞或名詞所有格。典例：Hewillbepunishedfornotobeyingtheorder他將由于不服從命令而受罰。Hisnotcomingtoschooltodaymadehisteacherveryangry今天他沒來上學，這使得老師非常生氣。（三） 動名詞的復合結構：在動名詞前加上形容詞性物主代詞或名詞所有格，這種結構作賓語時，可用代詞賓格代替形容詞性物主代詞，名詞所有格可變成普通格（即省去’s）Canyouimaginemanlivingonthemoon?你能想象到人類在月球生活的情景嗎？（四） 動名詞的功能作主語動名詞作主語，謂語單數記心里。動名詞結構雜且長，常用it來擔當。典例：Usingcelebritiesinadvertcanmakenewproductssoldwell.在廣告中使用名人可以使新產品銷售良好。Improvingthepeople’slivingstandardsisthegovernmenfscentralduty.提高人民生活是政府的中心任務。It’snousecryingoverspiltmilk.后悔沒有用的。特別注意：nouse,nogood作補語時，后邊也用動名詞。作賓語巧記：下列各動詞作賓語：情況都考慮，還是無興趣；抵不住誘惑，忍不住、冒險、嘗試、去逃避；卻遭到禁止、許可和推遲，否定、介意提建議；最后頭腦清醒時，承認任務沒完成，做了一件大傻事。妙解：上述敘述中含有下列動詞，可接動名詞作賓語：consider,dislike,feellike,enjoy,appreciate,escape,avoid,resist（抵抗）,can’thelp（禁不住）,can’tstand（忍不住）,can’tbear（忍不住）,risk,forbid,allow,permit,delay（耽擱）,deny（否認）,mind,suggest,admit（承認）。典例：Imuchappreciateyourgivingmethechance.我非常感激你給我這次機會。Headmittedhavingbrokenthewindow.他承認他打爛了玻璃窗。Thethiefescapedbeingcaughtbythepolice.小偷逃脫了警察的抓捕。作表語巧記：動名作表一特點，主語表語可互換。妙解：動名詞作表語時，主語常是無生命的名詞或what引導的名詞性從句，主語常可以與表語對換位置，但在進行時態中的現在分詞不能與主語對換位置。典例：Anycommercialpurposeiscreatingwealth.商業的目的就是創造財富。Whathelikesmostisplayingcomputergames.他最喜歡的事情是打電腦游戲。Herhobbyispainting.她的愛好是繪畫。Theirpastimeisgoingtomovies.他們的消遣是看電影。Herfavouritesportisskiing.她最喜歡的運動是滑雪。Oneofherdutiesiskeepingthedepartmentfiles她的任務之一是管理部門的檔案。Seeingisbelieving.（諺）眼見為實。作定語巧記：動名詞可作定，表示用途和作用。妙解：動名詞作定語表示用途，而現在分詞作定語表示動作正在進行或性質特征。典例：Let’sdoaguessinggame.咱們做一個猜字游戲吧。Ilikeswimminginthatswimmingpool.我喜歡在那個游泳池里游泳。使用動名詞的短語或句型（1）介詞to短語后典例：beusedto（習慣于），lookforwardto（盼望），payattentionto（注意），devote...to（獻身于），bedevotedto（致力于），getdownto（著手），turnto（開始），preferdoingAtodoingB,leadto（導致，引起），admitto（承認，常用于被動），inadditionto（除之外還），seeto（注意做到，處理）。agreeto（同意做法、觀點等），stickto（堅持），similarto（與相似），beaccustomedto（習慣于），objectto（反對），referto（參考），comenearto（幾乎要）,getcloseto（接近，幾乎要）。（2） 其它短語或介詞后典例：giveup（放棄），putoff（推遲），insiston（堅持），persistin（堅持，多表示固執），dependon（依靠），relyon（依靠），thinkabout（考慮），careabout（關心），setabout（著手），goabout（著手），takeup（從事，開始干），feellike（想要做），beworth（值得），beworthyof（值得），thankyoufor,begratefu（感激）tosbfor,bethankfultosbfor,apologizetosbfor（因 而向某人道歉），makeanapologytosbfor,criticizesbfor（批評），blamesbfor（責備），scoldsbfor（責備），punishsbfor（懲罰），praisesbfor（表揚），excusesbfor（原諒），bebusy,keepbusy,、spendmoney/time（in）,wastemoney/time（in）,havetrouble/problem/difficulty（in）,havefunin玩得開心）。（3） 六種句型No加動名表不行NoSpittinghere.禁止吐痰。Noparkinghere.禁止停車。Thereisno動名表示不可能There’snoknowingwheretheyhavegone.無法知道他們去哪里了。There’snostoppingofhim.誰也無法阻止他。It’snogood/use加動名，表示做事情沒有好處、沒有用。It’snousecryingoversplitmilk.為已發生而無法補救的事而懊悔是沒用的。It’sawasteoftime/money加動名，表示已經浪費記心中。It’sawasteofmoneybuyingthosebookstoomuchforyou.買了那些你看不懂的書簡直是浪費金錢。go加動名室外行MymotheroftengoesshoppingonSunday.我媽媽常常周日去購物。do加動名室內行WeoftendosomecleaningonSunday.我們常常在周日大掃除。下列動詞或詞組既可以跟動名詞作賓語，也可以跟不定式作賓語，但意義上有區別，要特別注意forgettodosth.忘記去做某事 forgetdoingsth.忘記已經做過某事remembertodosth.記住去做某事 rememberdoingsth.記得曾經做過某事regrettodosth.后悔/遺憾去做某事 regretdoingsth.后悔做過某事stoptodosth.停下來去做另一件事 stopdoingsth.停止做一件事情trytodosth.努力/試圖做某事 trydoingsth.嘗試著做某事meantodosth.意欲/想/企圖做某事 meandoingsth.意味著做某事goontodosth.（做完某事）接著做另一件事 goondoingsth.繼續做同一件事（=goonwithsth.）can’thelptodosth.不能幫助做某事 can’thelpdoingsth.情不自禁地做某事Markoftenattemptstoescapewheneverhebreakstrafficregulations.A.havingbeenfinedB.tohavebeenfinedC.tobefined D.beingfinedMywifesaidinherletterthatshewouldappreciatefromyousometime.A.tohaveheardB.tohearC.forhearingD.hearingThethieftookawaythewoman'swalletwithout.A.beingseenB.seeingC.himseeingD.seeinghimPeopleappreciatewithimbecausehehasagoodsenseofhumor.(CET-41998,1)A.toworkB.tohaveworkedC.workingD.haveworkingI'veenjoyedtotalkwithyou.A.tobeableB.beingableC.tobeenableD.ofbeingableNoonecanavoidbyadvertisements.A)tobeinfluencedB)beinginfluencedC)influencingD)havinginfluenceTheyareconsideringbeforethepricesgoup.A.ofbuyingthehouseB.withbuyingthehouseC.buyingthehouseD.tobuythehouseHethoughtthat.A.theeffortdoingthejobwasnotworthB.theeffortwasnotworthindoingthejobC.itwasnotworththeeffortdoingthejobD.itwasnotworththeeffortbydoingthejobIfIhadrememberedthedoor,thethingswouldnothavebeenstolen.A.tolock B.lockingC.tohavelockedD.shavingslockedYourshirtneeds.You'dbetterhaveitdonetoday.A.ironB.toiron C.ironing D.beingironedYoucan'thelpcommercials;everyfewminutestheprogramisinterruptedtogiveyouoneadvertisementoranother.A.tohearB.tobeheardC.hearingD.withhearingMytransistorradioisn'tworking.It.A.needrepairingB.needstorepairC.needsrepairingD.needtoberepairedItisnousemenottoworry.A.youtellB.yourtellingC.foryoutohavetoldD.shavingstoldHeisverybusyhispapers.Heisfartoobusycallers.A.towrite...toreceiveB.writing...toreceiveC.writing...receivingD.towrite...forreceivingThesuspectatlastadmittedstolengoodsbutdeniedthem.A.receiving...sellingB.toreceive...tosellC.toreceiving...tosellingD.tohavereceived...tohavesoldSheapologizedfortocome.A.hernotbeingableB.herbeingnotableC.notbeingableD.thatshe'snotabletoIreallyappreciatetohelpme,butIamsurethatIcanmanagebymyself.A.youtoofferB.thatyouofferC.yourofferingD.thatyouareof