書山有路勤為徑，學(xué)海無涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語-山東職業(yè)學(xué)院押題密卷附帶答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請(qǐng)謹(jǐn)慎購買！第壹套一.全考點(diǎn)押題密卷-綜合訓(xùn)練(共50題)1.單選題

Manyinnovativebreakthroughscomeaboutwhenpeopleventurebeyondtheirownareasofexpertise,becauseoftenittakesanoutsidertoaskthenaivequestionthatmayyield_______solution.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.aconstructive

B.anunconventional

C.anagreeable

D.apractical

【答案】B

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)constructive“有建設(shè)性的”；B選項(xiàng)unconventional“非傳統(tǒng)的；不依慣例的”；C選項(xiàng)agreeable“愉悅的；欣然同意的；可以接受的”；D選項(xiàng)practical“實(shí)際的；實(shí)用的”。句意：當(dāng)人們?cè)谧约旱膶I(yè)領(lǐng)域之外冒險(xiǎn)時(shí)，許多創(chuàng)新的突破會(huì)出現(xiàn)，因?yàn)橥ǔＰ枰粋€(gè)局外人來問一個(gè)天真的問題，而這問題可能產(chǎn)生_______解決方案。根據(jù)語境，這里指新人會(huì)問聽起來很外行的問題，但就是這種問題引出解決方案，新人問的問題通常unconventional“非傳統(tǒng)的；不依慣例的”。因此B選項(xiàng)正確。

2.單選題

Astudyofarthistorymightbeagoodwaytolearnmoreaboutaculturethanispossibletolearningeneralhistoryclasses.Mosttypicalhistorycoursesconcentrateonpolitics,economics,andwar.Butarthistoryfocusesonmuchmorethanthisbecauseartreflectsnotonlythepoliticalvaluesofapeople,butalsoreligiousbeliefs,emotions,andpsychology.Inaddition,informationaboutthedailyactivitiesofourancestors——orofpeopleverydifferentfromourown——canbeprovidedbyart.Inshortartexpressestheessentialqualitiesofatimeandaplace,andastudyofitclearlyofferusadeeperunderstandingthancanbefoundinmosthistorybooks.

Inhistorybooks,objectiveinformationaboutthepoliticallifeofacountryispresented;thatis,factsaboutpoliticsaregiven,butopinionsarenotexpressed.Art,ontheotherhand,issubjective:itreflectsemotionsandopinions.ThegreatSpanishpainterFranciscoGoyawasperhapsthefirsttruly"political”artist.Inhiswell-knownpaintingTheThirdofMay1808,hecriticizedtheSpanishgovernmentforitsmisuseofpoweroverpeople.Overahundredyearslater,symbolicimageswereusedinPabloPicasso’sGuernicatoexpressthehorrorofwar.Meanwhile,onanothercontinent,thepowerfulpaintingsofDiegoRivera.JoseClementeOrozco,andDavidAlfaroSiqueiros---aswellastheworksofAlfredoRamosMartines——depictedtheseMexicanartists’deepangerandsadnessaboutsocialproblems.

Inthesameway,artcanreflectaculture’sreligiousbeliefs.ForhundredsofyearsinEurope,religiousartwasalmosttheonlytypeofartthatexisted.ChurchesandotherreligiousbuildingswerefilledwithpaintingsthatdepictedpeopleandstoriesfromtheBible.Althoughmostpeoplecouldn’tread,theycouldstillunderstandbiblicalstoriesinthepicturesonchurchwalls.Bycontrast,oneofthemaincharacteristicsofartintheMiddleEastwas(andstillis)itsabsenceofhumanandanimalimages.ThisreflectstheIslamicbeliefthatstatuesareunholy.

1.Morecanbelearnedaboutaculturefromastudyofarthistorythangeneralhistorybecausearthistory（

）.

2.Artissubjectiveinthat

（

）.

3.Whichofthefollowingstatementsistrueaccordingtothepassage?

4.Thepassageismainlydiscussing

（

）.

5.Itmaybeconcludedfromthispassagethat（

）.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.showsusthereligionsandemotionsofapeopleinadditiontopoliticalvalues

B.providesuswithinformationaboutthedailyactivitiesofpeopleinthepast

C.givesusaninsightintotheessentialqualitiesofatimeandaplace

D.alloftheabove

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.apersonalandemotionalviewofhistoryispresentedthroughit

B.itcaneasilyrouseourangerorsadnessaboutsocialproblems

C.itwillfindareadyechoinourhearts

D.bothBandC

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.UnlikeFranciscoGoya,PabloandseveralMexicanartistsexpressedtheirpoliticalopinionsintheirpaintings

B.Historybooksoftenrevealthecompilers’politicalviews.

C.ReligiousartremainedinEuropeforcenturiestheonlytypeofartbecausemostpeopleregardedtheBibleastheHolyBook.

D.Alltheabovementionedarenottrue.

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.thedifferencebetweengeneralhistoryandarthistory

B.themakingofarthistory

C.whatcanwelearnfromart

D.theinfluenceofartistsonarthistory

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.Islamicartistshavehadtocreatearchitecturaldecorationswithimagesofflowersorgeometricforms

B.Historyteachersaremoreobjectivethangeneralhistory

C.Itismoredifficulttostudyarthistorythangeneralhistory.

D.PeopleandstoriesfromtheBiblewerepaintedonchurchesandotherbuildingsinordertopopularizetheBible.

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:A

第3題:D

第4題:A

第5題:A

【解析】1.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。A:展示一個(gè)民族的宗教和情感以及政治價(jià)值觀,由第一段“...artreflectsnotonlythepoliticalvaluesofapeople,but

alsoreligiousbeliefs,emotions,andpsychology(藝術(shù)反應(yīng)人的政治價(jià)值觀、宗教信仰、情感和心理狀態(tài))”可知A項(xiàng)正確。B:提供過去人們?nèi)粘；顒?dòng)的信息,由第一段中“Inaddition,informationaboutthedailyactivitiesofourancestors...canbeprovidedbyart另外,…通過藝術(shù)我們能了解有關(guān)我們祖先日常活動(dòng)的信息)”可知B項(xiàng)爭取。C:讓我們洞察一個(gè)時(shí)代和一個(gè)地方的本質(zhì),由第一段中“Inshort，artexpressestheessentialqualitiesofatimeandaplace(總之，藝術(shù)表達(dá)了一個(gè)吋代和一個(gè)地方的基本特質(zhì))”可知C項(xiàng)正確。故選D。

2.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞Artissubjective定位至第二段:Art,ontheotherhand,issubjective:itreflectsemotionsandopinions(另一方面，藝術(shù)是主觀的，它反映了個(gè)人的情緒和觀點(diǎn))。隨后舉例說明藝術(shù)家在自己的作品中表達(dá)對(duì)政府、社會(huì)等的觀點(diǎn),因此A項(xiàng)“因?yàn)橥ㄟ^藝術(shù)，可以表達(dá)個(gè)人對(duì)歷史的觀點(diǎn)和情緒”正確。

3.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。A:與弗朗西斯科?戈亞不同，帕布羅和幾位墨西哥藝術(shù)家在他們的畫作中表達(dá)了他們的政治觀點(diǎn)。由第二段中“ThegreatSpanishpainterFranciscoGoyawasperhapsthefirsttruly“political”artist(偉大的西班牙畫家FranciscoGoya或許是第一個(gè)真正的‘政治性’藝術(shù)家)”可知A項(xiàng)與原文所述不符。B:歷史書籍經(jīng)常顯示編輯者的政治觀點(diǎn),由第二段“Inhistorybooks,objectiveinformationaboutthepoliticallifeofacountryispresented;thatis,factsaboutpoliticsaregiven,butopinionsarenotexpressed(在歷史書籍中，有關(guān)一個(gè)國家政治生活的客觀信息被提出，即關(guān)于政治的事實(shí)被給給出，但相關(guān)的意見卻沒有表達(dá)出)”可知B項(xiàng)與原文所述不符。C:宗教藝術(shù)幾百年來一直是歐洲唯一的藝術(shù)類型，因?yàn)榇蠖鄶?shù)人把圣經(jīng)視為圣書,文中并未提及。D:以上選項(xiàng)都不正確。所以本題選D。

4.主旨大意題。文中開篇引出了主題:相比在一般的歷史課上可能學(xué)到的，研究藝術(shù)歷史是更多了解文化的一種好方法。隨后圍繞歷史,藝術(shù)歷史進(jìn)行討論。因此A“一般的歷史和藝術(shù)歷史的區(qū)別”比較能概括文章大意。

5.判斷推理題。A:伊斯蘭教藝術(shù)家一直不得不用花的圖像或幾何形式來創(chuàng)造建筑裝飾,由最后一段“Bycontrast,oneofthemaincharacteristicsofartintheMiddleEastwas(andstillis)itsabsenceofhumanandanimalimages.ThisreflectstheIslamicbeliefthatstaturesareunholy(相比之下，中東地區(qū)藝術(shù)的主要特點(diǎn)之一是（仍然是）沒有人或動(dòng)物的圖像。這反應(yīng)了伊斯蘭教認(rèn)為雕像不是神圣的)”可知A正確。B:歷史教師相比一般的歷史更具客觀性,由第二段中“Inhistorybooks,objectiveinformationaboutthepoliticallifeofacountryispresented;thatis,factsaboutpoliticsaregiven,butopinionsarenotexpressed(在歷史書籍中，有關(guān)一個(gè)國家政治生活的客觀信息被提出，即關(guān)于政治的事實(shí)被給出，但相關(guān)的意見卻沒有表達(dá)出)”可知B項(xiàng)“歷史教師相比一般的歷史更具客觀性”不正確。C:相比一般的歷史，研究藝術(shù)歷史更難,D:為了普及圣經(jīng)，人們把圣經(jīng)中的人物和故事畫在教堂和其他建筑物上。這兩項(xiàng)文章并未提及。故選A。

3.翻譯題

TheUSDepartmentofLaborstatisticsindicatethatthereisanoversupplyofcollege-trainedworkersandthatthisoversupplyisincreasing.Alreadythereisanoverabundanceofteachers,engineers,physicsandotherspecialists.Yetcollegeandgraduateschoolscontinueeveryyeartoturnouthighlytrainedpeopletocompleteforjobsthataren’tthere.Theresultisthatgraduatescannotentertheprofessionsforwhichtheyweretrainedandmusttaketemporaryjobswhichdonotrequireacollege.These“temporary”jobshaveahabitofbecomingpermanent.

【答案】美國勞工部統(tǒng)計(jì)數(shù)字表明，高校畢業(yè)的勞工供應(yīng)過剩，而且這個(gè)過剩正在不斷增加。已經(jīng)有過量的老師、工程師、物理學(xué)家和其他專家。然而高校和研究院每年都在繼續(xù)培養(yǎng)出高度受訓(xùn)的人員，來競爭潛在的崗位。結(jié)果是，畢業(yè)生無法從事與他們受訓(xùn)內(nèi)容相關(guān)的工作，只能接受不要求學(xué)位的臨時(shí)工作。這些“臨時(shí)”工作有變成永久性工作的習(xí)慣。

4.填空題

Everystudentisrequiredtogivea（）（present）ontheseminar.

【答案】presentation

【解析】句意：每個(gè)學(xué)生被要求在研討會(huì)上做一次陳述。故應(yīng)將present變?yōu)閜resentation。

5.單選題

Thatthematerialintheadsmaynotbepertinenttotherealissuesthecandidatewillbeaddressingonceinofficeorwhattheymightdoontherealissuestheymightfaceis（）.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.atallpoints

B.besidethepoint

C.uptoapoint

D.tothepoint

【答案】B

【解析】固定搭配。atallpoints“在各方面”；besidethepoint“不中肯，離題”；uptoapoint“在一定程度上”；tothepoint“中肯”。句意：廣告中的內(nèi)容可能與候選人在正式會(huì)議上要討論的真正問題無關(guān)，或者與在他們可能面臨的真正問題所處理的事情也不相關(guān)。選項(xiàng)B符合題意。

6.單選題

Thetwodelegateshadanin-depthexchangeofviewsonhowtoenhancetheir（）cooperation.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.ethical

B.bilateral

C.mandatory

D.subsidiary

【答案】B

【解析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。ethical“倫理的，道德的”；bilateral“雙邊的”；mandatory“強(qiáng)制的”；subsidiary“附屬的”，由delegate“代表團(tuán)”與cooperation“合作”一詞可知此處應(yīng)該選擇形容詞bilateral，表示兩國之間的合作。句意：這兩個(gè)代表團(tuán)就如何加強(qiáng)……合作進(jìn)行了深入的交流。故正確答案為選項(xiàng)B。

7.單選題

SnowbegantofallatroundaboutthebeginningoftheNewYearandcontinuedonandofffor______tendays.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.appropriately

B.exceedingly

C.approximately

D.apprehensively

【答案】C

【解析】考查副詞辨析。A項(xiàng)appropriately“適當(dāng)?shù)兀线m地，相稱地”，B項(xiàng)exceedingly“非常，極其，極度地”，C項(xiàng)approximately“大約，近似地，近于”，D項(xiàng)apprehensively“擔(dān)心地”。由tendays“10天”可知，“大約地”符合語境。句意：大約在新年伊始就下起了雪，斷斷續(xù)續(xù)下了大約十天。因此，該題選擇C項(xiàng)正確。

8.單選題

Intheendtheycametotheconclusionthattheevidenceproducedbytheplaintiffwas（）.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.scarce

B.rare

C.scanty

D.deficient

【答案】C

【解析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。A:scarce“罕見的；供不應(yīng)求的”；B:rare“稀罕的”；C:scanty“（大小或數(shù)量）不足的，欠缺的；太少的”；D:deficient“缺乏的；有缺陷的”。句意：最后，他們得出的結(jié)論是：原告提供的證據(jù)不足。此處表達(dá)的是證據(jù)不足，C符合語境，為正確答案。

9.單選題

Spiesmayhaveanumberof______namesandpapers.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.artificial

B.synthetic

C.false

D.pretended

【答案】C

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)artificial“（力求自然）人造的”，anartificiallimb“假肢”；B選項(xiàng)synthetic“（用化學(xué)物質(zhì)人工）合成的”，syntheticdrugs“合成藥物”；C選項(xiàng)false“偽造的”，afalsepassport“假護(hù)照”；D選項(xiàng)pretended“假裝的”。句意：間諜可能有許多______的名字和文件。根據(jù)語境，間諜為了假冒身份，有許多false“偽造的”文件。因此C選項(xiàng)正確。

10.單選題

Theessentialproblemofmaninacomputerizedageremainsthesameasithasalwaysbeen.Theproblemisnotsolelyhowtobemoreproductive,morecomfortable,morecontent,buthowtobemoresensitive,moresensible,moreproportionate,morealive.Thecomputermakespossibleaphenomenalleapinhumanproficiency;itdemolishesthefencesaroundthepracticalandeventhetheoreticalintelligence.Butthequestionpersistsandindeedgrowswhetherthecomputerwillmakeiteasierorharderforhumanbeingstoknowwhotheyreallyare,toidentifytheirrealproblems,torespondmorefullytobeauty,toplaceadequatevalueonlife,andtomaketheirworldsaferthanitnowis.

Electronicbrainscanreducetheprofusionofdeadendsinvolvedinvitalresearch.Buttheycan'teliminatethefoolishnessanddecaythatcomefromtheunexaminedlife.Nordotheyconnectamantothethingshehastobeconnectedto——therealityofpaininothers;thepossibilitiesofcreativegrowthinhimself;thememoryoftherace;andtherightsofthenextgeneration.

Thereasonwhythesemattersareimportantinacomputerizedageisthattheremaybeatendencytomistakedataforwisdom,justastherehasalwaysbeenatendencytoconfuselogicwithvalues,andintelligencewithinsight.Unobstructedaccesstofactscanproduceunlimitedgoodonlyifitismatchedbythedesireandabilitytofindoutwhattheymeanandwheretheywouldlead.

Factsareterriblethingsifleftsprawlingandunattended.Theyaretooeasilyregardedasevaluatedcertaintiesratherthanastherawestofrawmaterialscryingtobeprocessedintothetextureoflogic.Itrequiresaveryunusualmind,Whiteheadsaid,toundertaketheanalysisofafact.Thecomputercanprovideacorrectnumber,butitmaybeanirrelevantnumberuntiljudgmentispronounced.

Totheextent,then,thatmanfailstomakethedistinctionbetweentheintermediateoperationsofelectronicintelligenceandtheultimateresponsibilitiesofhumandecisionandconscience,thecomputercouldproveadigression.Itcouldobscureman'sawarenessoftheneedtocometotermswithhimself.Itmayfostertheillusionthatheisaskingfundamentalquestionswhenheisactuallyaskingonlyfunctionalones.Itmayberegardedasasubstituteforintelligenceinsteadofanextensiontoit.Itmaypromoteundueconfidenceinconcreteanswers."Ifwebeginwithcertainties,"Baconsaid,weshallendindoubts,butifwebeginwithdoubts,andwearepatientwiththem,weshallendincertainties.

1.Wecaninferfromthefirsttwoparagraphsthattheauthorwouldbelesscriticalofthecomputerif（

）.

2.Inacomputerizedage,whichoneofthefollowingshouldbegivenpriorityto?

3.Bysayingthat"Factsareterriblethingsifleftsprawlingandunattended"(Paragraph4),theauthoraimsto

（

）.

4.Theauthorregardscomputeras（

）.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.itcanbetterimprovehumanproficiency

B.itcanbreaktheboundaryofthepracticalandtheoreticalintelligence

C.itcanbemorecreative

D.itcanmakepeoplemorealerttorealproblemsinhumansociety

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.Wisdom.

B.Intelligence.

C.Data.

D.Fact.

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.pointoutthattheabundanceoffactsmaybeharmfultohumanintellect

B.illustratethenecessityofalwaysattendingtofacts

C.showtheimportanceofusingpeople'sjudgmentinthecomputerizedage

D.tellthatfactsarealwaysirrelevantandneedtobeconnected

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.asubstituteforhumanintelligence

B.ameanstohelppeoplereachconcreteanswers

C.somethingthatcaninspirepeopletoaskfundamentalquestions

D.somethingthatisofsubsidiaryfunction

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:A

第3題:C

第4題:D

【解析】第1題:推理判斷題。由第一段中“Theproblemisnotsolelyhowtobemoreproductive,morecomfortable,morecontent,buthowtobemoresensitive,moresensible,moreproportionate,morealive.問題不只是如何更有效率、更舒適、更滿足，而是如何更敏感、更明智、更均衡、更有活力。”以及第二段中“Nordotheyconnectamantothethingshehastobeconnectedto—therealityofpaininothers;thepossibilitiesofcreativegrowthinhimself;thememoryoftherace;andtherightsofthenextgeneration.它們也不能將一個(gè)人與之必須要聯(lián)系的事情聯(lián)系起來——即一些現(xiàn)實(shí)問題，比如他人痛苦；自身創(chuàng)造性成長的可能性；種族的記憶；以及下一代的權(quán)利。可知作者提出了計(jì)算機(jī)目前不能解決人類生活中的現(xiàn)實(shí)問題。故D項(xiàng)“如果計(jì)算機(jī)能夠更敏感地捕捉人類社會(huì)存在的真實(shí)問題，那么作者會(huì)少些批判”正確。由“Thecomputermakespossibleaphenomenalleapinhumanproficiency;itdemolishesthefencesaroundthepracticalandeventhetheoreticalintelligence.計(jì)算機(jī)使人類熟練程度的顯著飛躍成為可能；它打破了實(shí)踐智能甚至理論智能的藩籬。”可知AB兩項(xiàng)內(nèi)容，計(jì)算機(jī)已經(jīng)可以做到了。C項(xiàng)在文中未提及。答案D

第2題:細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。由第三段中“Thereasonwhythesemattersareimportantinacomputerizedageisthattheremaybeatendencytomistakedataforwisdom在計(jì)算機(jī)時(shí)代，這些問題之所以重要，是因?yàn)榭赡苡幸环N將數(shù)據(jù)誤認(rèn)為是智慧的傾向”可反推在計(jì)算機(jī)時(shí)代，最重要的不是數(shù)據(jù)，而是智慧。故A項(xiàng)正確。

第3題:推理判斷題。由第四段中“Theyaretooeasilyregardedasevaluatedcertaintiesratherthanastherawestofrawmaterialscryingtobeprocessedintothetextureoflogic.它們太容易被認(rèn)為是經(jīng)過評(píng)估的事實(shí)，而不是迫切需要加工成具有邏輯的最原始的材料。”以及“Thecomputercanprovideacorrectnumber,butitmaybeanirrelevantnumberuntiljudgmentispronounced.計(jì)算機(jī)可以提供一個(gè)正確的數(shù)字，但在做出判斷之前，它可能是一個(gè)不相關(guān)的數(shù)字。”可知電腦的數(shù)據(jù)不一定正確，需要人們?nèi)ヅ袛唷４鸢窩

第4題:推理判斷題。由第二段中“Electronicbrainscanreducetheprofusionofdeadendsinvolvedinvitalresearch.電腦能減少重要研究中的許多死胡同。”可知計(jì)算機(jī)只是起到輔助作用。由最后一段“Itmayfostertheillusionthatheisaskingfundamentalquestionswhenheisactuallyaskingonlyfunctionalones.Itmayberegardedasasubstituteforintelligenceinsteadofanextensiontoit.Itmaypromoteundueconfidenceinconcreteanswers.這可能會(huì)造成一種錯(cuò)覺，讓人們覺得他問的是基本問題，而實(shí)際上他問的只是功能性問題。讓人們覺得它可以被看作是智力的替代品，而不是智力的延伸。它可能會(huì)使人們對(duì)具體的答案產(chǎn)生過分的信心。可知ABC三項(xiàng)不正確。答案D

11.單選題

Thespeaker______uswithtalesofexoticlandsandburiedtreasure.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.detour

B.offset

C.tantalized

D.ushered

【答案】C

【解析】【選項(xiàng)釋義】

A.detour繞行，繞道B.offset抵消，彌補(bǔ)；襯托出

C.tantalized逗弄；令人干著急D.ushered引導(dǎo)；招待；迎接

【答案】C

【考查點(diǎn)】動(dòng)詞辨析。

【解題思路】根據(jù)withtalesofexoticlandsandburiedtreasure（講述異國風(fēng)情和埋藏寶藏的故事）可知，這個(gè)演講者是通過講故事來逗樂我們，C項(xiàng)詞義符合句意。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】A、B、D項(xiàng)不符合句意。

【句意】演講者講了許多關(guān)于異國他鄉(xiāng)和埋藏寶藏的故事，把我們逗樂了。

12.單選題

WhenSpanishexplorersfirstenteredtheareanowknownasHollywood,NativeAmericanswerelivinginthecanyonsoftheSantaMonicaMountains.Beforelong,theIndianshadbeenmovedtomissionsandthelandwhichHollywoodnowoccupieswasdividedintwobytheSpanishGovernment.AcreagetothewestbecamepartofRanchoLaBreaandsettlementstotheEastbecameRanchoLosFeliz.

Bythe1870sanagriculturalcommunityflourishedintheareaandcropsrangingfromhayandgraintosubtropicalbananasandpineappleswerethriving.Duringthe1880s,theRanchosweresub-divided.In1886,H.H.WilcoxboughtanareaofRanchoLaBreathathiswifethenchristened"Hollywood".Withinafewyears,Wilcoxhaddevisedagridplanforhisnewcommunity,pavedProspectAvenue(nowHollywoodBoulevard)forhismainstreetandwassellinglargeresidentiallotstoWealthyMidwesternerslookingtobuildhomessotheycould"winterinCalifornia".

ProspectAvenuesoonbecameaprestigiousresidentialstreetpopulatedwithlargeQueenAnne,Victorian,andMissionRevivalhouses.Mrs.DaeidaWilcoxraisedfundstobuildchurches,schoolsandalibraryandHollywoodquicklybecameacompleteandprosperouscommunity.Thecommunityincorporatedin1903,butitsindependencewasshort-lived,asthelackofwaterforcedannexationin1910tothecityofLosAngeles,whichhadasurplussupplyofwater.

In1911,theNestorCompanyopenedHollywood'sfirstfilmstudioinanoldtavernonthecomerofSunsetandGower.NotlongthereafterCecilB.DeMilleandD.W.Griffithbeganmakingmovieintheareadrawntothecommunityforitsopenspaceandmoderateclimate.

Theneedsofthisthrivingnewindustrycreatedradicalchangesinthecommunity,causingaclashbetweenolderandnewerresidents.Acresofagriculturallandsouthofwhat-is-nowHollywoodBoulevardweresubdividedanddevelopedashousingfortheenormousnumbersofworkersthatmovie-makingrequired.

High-risecommercialbuildingsbegantospringupalongHollywoodBoulevard,threecompetingreal-estateinterestscausedconcentrationsofdevelopmentatHighland,Cahuenga,andatVine.Itwasn'tlongbeforenearlyallthehomesalongtheBoulevardwerereplacedbycommercialbuildingslinkingthethreecomers.

Banks,restaurants,clubsandmoviepalacessprangup,cateringtothedemandsoftheburgeoningfilmindustryduringthe1920sand1930s.ThearchitecturalstylesofthebuildingswererepresentativeofthosemostpopularbetweentheWorldWars.BanksweretypicallydesignedinthemoreformalBeauxArtsstyles,butotherbuildingsinthecommunitytookonmoreplayfulpersonalities

TheornamentalSpanishColonialRevivalstylereflectedHollywood'sself-consciousextravagancewhilethenewArtDecoandModernstylesfitthecommunity'saspirationsforglamourandsophistication.

Hollywoodhasbeenanythingbutstatic,however,andafterafewdecadesasthecapitaloffilmglamour,theneighborhoodchangedagain.AlthoughmuchofthestudioworkremainedinHollywood,manystarsmovedtoBeverlyHills,andtheelegantshopsandrestaurantsleftwiththem.

Inthe1960s,musicrecordingstudiosandofficesbeganmovingtoHollywood,anoffshootofthenightclubsfurtherwestonSunsetBoulevard.Otherbusinesses,however,continuedtomigratetodifferentpartsofthecity.Hollywoodtodayisadiverse,vitalandactivecommunitystrivingtopreservetheelegantbuildingsfromitspast.Muchofthemovieindustryremainsinthearea,althoughtheneighborhood'soutwardappearancehaschanged.

In1985,theHollywoodBoulevardcommercialandentertainmentdistrictwasofficiallylistedintheNationalRegisterofHistoricPlacesprotectingtheneighborhood’simportantbuildingsandseeingtoitthatthesignificanceofHollywood'spastwouldalwaysbeapartofitsfuture.

1.TheareanowknownasHollywoodwasfirstinhabitedbyNativeAmericans.T/F

2.Bythe1870s,peoplewhosettleddowninthatareabegantogrowallkindsofcropsandfruit.T/F

3.WilcoxboughtanareaofRanchoLaBreaandnamedit"Hollywood"afterhiswife.T/F

4.WealthyMidwesternersboughtresidentiallotsalongtheProspectAvenuetobuildwinterhomesinCalifornia.T/F

5.HollywoodhadtobecomepartofthecityofLosAngelesbecauseofitsshortsupplyofwater.T/F

6.CecilB.DeMilleandD.W.GriffithbeganmakingmoviesinHollywoodbeforeNestorCompanyopeneditsfirstfilmstudiothere.T/F

7.ThethrivingFilmindustryinthe1920sand1930sledtotheappearanceoflargenumbersofbanks,restaurants,clubsandmoviepalacesinHollywood.T/F

8.TheornamentalSpanishColonialRevivalstylereflectedHollywood'saspirationsforglamourandsophistication.T/F

9.Hollywoodhasremainedinconstantchange.T/F

10.HollywoodBoulevardcommercialandentertainmentdistrictwasofficiallylistedintheNationalRegisterofHistoricPlacestoprotectitsoldbutelegantbuildings.T/F

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.T

B.F

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.T

B.F

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.T

B.F

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.T

B.F

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.T

B.F

問題6選項(xiàng)

A.T

B.F

問題7選項(xiàng)

A.T

B.F

問題8選項(xiàng)

A.T

B.F

問題9選項(xiàng)

A.T

B.F

問題10選項(xiàng)

A.T

B.F

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:B

第3題:B

第4題:A

第5題:A

第6題:B

第7題:A

第8題:B

第9題:A

第10題:B

【解析】1.該表述的含義為“這個(gè)地區(qū)現(xiàn)在被稱為好萊塢，首先居住的是美洲原住民。”原文第一段中提到“WhenSpanishexplorersfirstenteredtheareanowknownasHollywood,NativeAmericanswerelivinginthecanyonsoftheSantaMonicaMountains..當(dāng)西班牙探險(xiǎn)家第一次進(jìn)入現(xiàn)在被稱為好萊塢的地區(qū)時(shí)，美洲土著人住在圣莫尼卡山脈的峽谷里”可推斷該陳述不正確。

2.該表述的含義為“到了19世紀(jì)70年代，定居在那個(gè)地區(qū)的人開始種植各種作物和水果。”原文第二段提到“Bythe1870sanagriculturalcommunityflourishedintheareaandcropsrangingfromhayandgraintosubtropicalbananasandpineappleswerethriving.在19世紀(jì)70年代，一個(gè)農(nóng)業(yè)社區(qū)在這個(gè)地區(qū)蓬勃發(fā)展，從干草和谷物到亞熱帶香蕉和菠蘿等作物都在蓬勃發(fā)展。”可推斷該表述中的“allkindsofcropsandfruits所有種類的農(nóng)作物及水果”與原文內(nèi)容不符；故該表述不正確。

3.該表述的含義為“威爾考克斯買下了蘭喬?拉布雷亞的一個(gè)地區(qū)，并以他的妻子命名為‘好萊塢’。”，原文第二段提到“In1886,H.H.WilcoxboughtanareaofRanchoLaBreathathiswifethenchristened‘Hollywood’.1886年，H.H.Wilcox買下了RanchoLaBrea的一片土地，隨后他的妻子將其命名為“好萊塢”，可知并非以妻子的名字命名，而是他妻子為該地區(qū)命名為“好萊塢”，由此知該陳述不正確。

4.該表述的含義為“富有的中西部人沿著前景大道買了很多住宅，在加利福尼亞建造冬季住宅。”原文第二段提到“Withinafewyears,Wilcoxhaddevisedagridplanforhisnewcommunity,pavedProspectAvenue(nowHollywoodBoulevard)forhismainstreetandwassellinglargeresidentiallotstoWealthyMidwesternerslookingtobuildhomessotheycould"winterinCalifornia".幾年內(nèi)，威爾科克斯為他的新社區(qū)設(shè)計(jì)了一個(gè)網(wǎng)格計(jì)劃，為他的主要街道鋪設(shè)了前景大道（現(xiàn)在是好萊塢大道），并向富有的中西部人出售大量住宅，希望建造房屋，以便他們可以“在加利福尼亞過冬”可推斷該表述正確。

5.該表述的含義為“由于水供應(yīng)短缺，好萊塢不得不成為洛杉磯的一部分”，原文第三段提到“...asthelackofwaterforcedannexationin1910tothecityofLosAngeles,whichhadasurplussupplyofwater.由于缺水，1910年好萊塢社區(qū)不得不并到洛杉磯市，因?yàn)樗?yīng)過剩”，可推斷該表述正確。

6.該表述的含義為“在內(nèi)斯托公司在好萊塢開設(shè)第一家電影制片廠之前，CecilB.DeMille和D.W.Griffith就開始在好萊塢制作電影”，原文第四段提到“In1911,theNestorCompanyopenedHollywood'sfirstfilmstudioinanoldtavernonthecornerofSunsetandGower.1911年，內(nèi)斯托公司在日落大道和高爾街拐角處的一個(gè)老酒館里開設(shè)了好萊塢的第一個(gè)電影制片廠。及“NotlongthereafterCecilB.DeMilleandD.W.Griffithbeganmakingmovieinthearea隨后不久，CecilB.DeMille和D.W.Griffith也開始在此地拍攝電影。”可推斷“CecilB.DeMille和D.W.Griffith在好萊塢拍攝電影是在Nestor公司來好萊塢開設(shè)第一個(gè)電影工作室之后發(fā)生的”，故該表述不正確。

7.該表述的含義為“二十世紀(jì)二三十年代蓬勃發(fā)展的電影業(yè)導(dǎo)致好萊塢出現(xiàn)了大量的銀行、餐館、俱樂部和電影院。”原文第七段提到“Banks,restaurants,clubsandmoviepalacessprangup,cateringtothedemandsoftheburgeoningfilmindustryduringthe1920sand1930s.銀行、餐館、俱樂部和電影宮殿層出不窮，迎合了二十世紀(jì)二三十年代新興電影業(yè)的需求”可推斷該表述正確。

8.該表述的含義為“裝飾性的西班牙殖民復(fù)興風(fēng)格反映了好萊塢對(duì)魅力和高雅的渴望。”原文第八段提到“TheornamentalSpanishColonialRevivalstylereflectedHollywood'sself-consciousextravagance西班牙殖民復(fù)興風(fēng)格的裝飾性體現(xiàn)好萊塢的自我意識(shí)奢侈”可推斷該表述不正確。

9.該表述的含義為“好萊塢一直在不斷變化。”，原文第九段提到“Hollywoodhasbeenanythingbutstatic,....好萊塢一直都不是靜態(tài)的”及文中提及的好萊塢在各個(gè)時(shí)期的變化知該表述正確。

10.該表述的含義為“好萊塢大道的商業(yè)和娛樂區(qū)被正式列入國家史跡名錄，以保護(hù)其古老而優(yōu)雅的建筑。”原文最后一段提到“...protectingtheneighborhood’simportantbuildingsandseeingtoitthatthesignificanceofHollywood'spastwouldalwaysbeapartofitsfuture.保護(hù)住宅區(qū)內(nèi)的重要建筑，讓人們記住好萊塢的過去的重要意義將永遠(yuǎn)是其將來的一部分”可推斷該表述不正確。

13.單選題

Wearemakinglittle（）inpollutioncontrol.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.headway

B.sideway

C.edgeways

D.leeway

【答案】A

【解析】考查固定短語搭配。A選項(xiàng)headway“前進(jìn)；進(jìn)步；航行速度；間隔時(shí)間”；B選項(xiàng)sideway“人行道；小巷”；C選項(xiàng)edgeways“側(cè)著；邊對(duì)邊地；在邊上的”；D選項(xiàng)leeway“退路；留有余地；風(fēng)壓差；余地”。根據(jù)固定搭配makelittleheadway“前進(jìn)的步伐很小；沒什么進(jìn)展”可知該題選headway。句意：我們?cè)诳刂莆廴痉矫娉煽兩跷ⅰＲ虼薃選項(xiàng)正確。

14.單選題

Theboyfellofftheladderandbadly（

）himself.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.wounded

B.damaged

C.harmed

D.injured

【答案】D

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。wound“使受傷”；damage“損害，毀壞，對(duì)有用或有價(jià)值的人或財(cái)產(chǎn)的破壞”；harm“傷害，危害，身體或心理上的損害或傷害”；injure“損害，傷害，通常指肉體上的傷害”。句意：這個(gè)男孩從樓梯上摔了下來，傷得很嚴(yán)重。只有D項(xiàng)符合題意。

15.單選題

Heshowednosignsofpain（

）tohisdeath.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.before

B.preceding

C.prior

D.following

【答案】C

【解析】考察固定搭配。priorto“在……之前”。句意：他臨死前沒有表現(xiàn)出任何痛苦的跡象。選項(xiàng)C符合題意。

16.單選題

Lungcancerhasnowexceededbreastcancerasa____killerofAmericanwomen.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A