書山有路勤為徑，學海無涯苦作舟！住在富人區的她考研考博-英語-安徽藝術學院押題密卷附帶答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請謹慎購買！第壹套一.全考點押題密卷-綜合訓練(共50題)1.填空題

WhenIwasyoungIalways（1）tobecomeascientist,butattheageof18I（2）myparents'adviceanddecidedtostudylawinstead.NowadaysIthinkthiswasamistake.WhenIlookbackonmylife,I（3）mydecision.（4）,theseisnothingthatIcandoaboutitnow.

【答案】1.wanted

2.took

3.regret

4.unfortunately

【解析】1.語義題。句意:在我年輕時，我經常想成為科學家。

2.固定搭配。Takesomeone’sadvice聽從某人建議

3.語義題。空格前“mistake錯誤”一詞可推測此處句意為:當我回顧我的人生時，我后悔我的決定。

4.語義題。句意:遺憾的是現在我不能為我的決定做任何事情。

2.單選題

Thispaperwillexaminerelevanttheoriesandresearchfindingsconcerninglisteningandsecondlanguageacquisitionandidentifyconditionsthatmay（）listening.

問題1選項

A.elevate

B.facilitate

C.stimulate

D.provoke

【答案】B

【解析】動詞詞義辨析。elevate"提升,舉起";facilitate"促進,幫助";stimulate"刺激,鼓舞,激勵";provoke"驅使,激怒,煽動"。句意：這篇論文將檢驗有關聽力和第二語言習得的相關理論和研究成果,并找出有助于聽力的條件。選項B正確。

3.單選題

Thegreatestcontributiontocivilizationinthecenturymaywellbetheair-conditioning—andAmericanleadsjustasamazingisthespeedwithwhichthissituationcametobe.Air-conditioningbegantospreadinindustriesasaproductionaidduringWorldWarⅡ.TodaymostAmericansneedtotakeair-conditioningforgrantedtohomes,offices,factories,theatres,shops,studios,schools,hotels,andrestaurants.

ButnoteverybodyisawarethathighcostandeasycomfortaremerelytwooftheeffectsofthevastcoolingofAmerican.Infact,airconditioninghassubstantiallyalteredthecountry’scharacterandcustoms.

Manyofthebyproductsaresoconspicuousthattheyarescarcelynoticed.Tobeginwith,air-conditioningtransformedthefaceofAmericabymakingpossiblethoseglassy,boxy,sealed-inskyscrapers.Ithasbeenindispensable,noless,tothefunctioningofsensitiveadvancedcomputers,whosehighoperatingtemperaturesrequirethattheybeconstantlycooled.

Ithas,atwill,forcedfamiliesintoretreatingintofamilieswithcloseddoorsandshutwindows,reducingtheinteractionsofneighborhoodlife.Itisreallysurprisingthatthepublic’softennotedwithdrawalintoself-pursuitandprivacyhascoincidedwiththehistoricspreadofair-conditioning.Thoughsciencehaslittlestudiedhowhabitualair-conditioningaffectsmindandbody,somemedicalexpertssuggestthat,likeothertechnicalavoidanceofnaturalvariationsinclimate,air-conditioningmaydamagethehumancapacitytoadapttostress.Ifso,air-conditioningisonlylikemanyothergreatlyusefultechnicaldevelopmentsthatliberatemanfromnaturebyincreasinghisproductivityandpowerinsomeway—whileindirectlyweakeninghiminothers.

1.Accordingtothisselection,whichofthefollowingconstitutestheuniquecharacterofU.S.?

2.Accordingtotheauthor,thechiefconsequencebroughtaboutbythewideapplicationofair-conditioningis________.

3.Thetoneofthisselectionrevealsthatair-conditioning________.

4.Whobenefitstheleastfromair-conditioningaccordingtotheauthor?

5.Whatistheauthor’soverallattitudetowardsair-conditioning?

問題1選項

A.Itsexcessiveuseofair-conditioning.

B.Itsadvancedcomputerizedcivilization.

C.Itspublic’sretreatingintoself-pursuit.

D.Itsgreatestcontributiontohumancivilization.

問題2選項

A.thelossofhumancapacitytoadapttochangesinclimate

B.thereductionofsocialcommunicationsofneighborhoodlife

C.theactivelifestyleofallitsusers

D.thedecreasedhumanproductionandpower

問題3選項

A.haslittleeffectonitsusers

B.hasmoreeffectonbodythanonmind

C.bringsmorebenefitsthandamagetoitsusers

D.doesharmaswellasgoodtoitsusers

問題4選項

A.Factorylaborers.

B.Consumers.

C.Medicalexperts.

D.Manufacturers.

問題5選項

A.Critical.

B.Compromising.

C.Neutral.

D.Objective.

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:B

第3題:D

第4題:B

第5題:A

【解析】1.【試題答案】A

【試題解析】事實細節題。根據第二段第二句Infact,airconditioninghassubstantiallyalteredthecountry’scharacterandcustoms.（事實上，空調已經極大地改變了這個國家的性格和習俗。），可知空調在很大程度上影響著美國，A選項“空調的過多使用”正確。B選項“先進的計算機文明”：根據第三段最后一句Ithasbeenindispensable,noless,tothefunctioningofsensitiveadvancedcomputers,whosehighoperatingtemperaturesrequirethattheybeconstantlycooled.（對于靈敏的高級計算機來說，它是必不可少的，因為它們的高工作溫度需要不斷地冷卻。），可知這里指的是計算機需要空調，而不是計算機影響美國。C選項“公眾的自我追求”和D選項“它對人類文明的最大貢獻”：文中沒有提到公眾的自我追求對美國的影響，也沒有提到美國對人類的貢獻。因此A選項正確。

2.【試題答案】B

【試題解析】推理判斷題。根據第四段第一句Ithas,atwill,forcedfamiliesintoretreatingintofamilieswithcloseddoorsandshutwindows,reducingtheinteractionsofneighborhoodlife.（它隨意地迫使家庭退回到門窗緊閉的家庭中，減少了社區生活的互動。），可知空調減少了人們在社區間的交流，B選項“社區生活中社會交流的減少”符合文章內容。A選項“人類適應氣候變化能力的喪失”：根據第四段第三句air-conditioningmaydamagethehumancapacitytoadapttostress（空調可能會降低人類適應壓力的能力），可知空調會降低人的適應力，但不至于到喪失的地步。C選項“所有用戶積極的生活方式”：文中沒有具體提到空調讓人的生活方式變得更積極還是消極，這不是文章表達的重點。D選項“減少人類生產和力量”：根據文章最后一句air-conditioning…liberatemanfromnaturebyincreasinghisproductivityandpowerinsomeway（空調……通過在某些方面提高人的生產力和力量，把人從自然中解放出來），可知空調提高人的生產力和力量。因此B選項正確。

3.【試題答案】D

【試題解析】推理判斷題。根據文章最后一句Ifso,air-conditioning…liberatemanfromnaturebyincreasinghisproductivityandpowerinsomeway—whileindirectlyweakeninghiminothers.（如果是這樣的話，空調……通過在某些方面提高人的生產力和力量，把人從自然中解放出來，而在其他方面間接地削弱了人的能力。），可知空調有利有弊，D選項“對用戶來說有利有弊”正確；沒有分別點出利弊的程度有多深，C選項“對用戶來說利大于弊”錯誤。根據文章倒數第二句Thoughsciencehaslittlestudiedhowhabitualair-conditioningaffectsmindandbody,somemedicalexpertssuggestthat…air-conditioningmaydamagethehumancapacitytoadapttostress.（盡管科學上很少研究習慣性的空調是如何影響身心的，但一些醫學專家認為……空調可能會降低人類適應壓力的能力。），前文也提到空調減少社區生活的互動，可知空調對人的身心都有影響，但沒有點出對哪方面的影響更大，A選項“對其用戶沒有什么影響”錯誤和B選項“對身體的影響比對精神的影響大”錯誤。因此D選項正確。

4.【試題答案】B

【試題解析】推理判斷題。根據第一段第二句Air-conditioningbegantospreadinindustriesasaproductionaidduringWorldWarⅡ.（在第二次世界大戰期間，空調作為一種生產援助開始在工業中傳播），制造商可以從中賺錢，D選項“制造商”錯誤。根據第一段最后一句TodaymostAmericansneedtotakeair-conditioningforgrantedtohomes,offices,factories,theatres,shops,studios,schools,hotels,andrestaurants.（如今，大多數美國人在家庭、辦公室、工廠、劇院、商店、工作室、學校、酒店和餐館都需要空調。），工廠工人可以在夏天仍然享受舒服的室溫，A選項“工廠工人”錯誤。根據第四段第三句somemedicalexpertssuggestthat,likeothertechnicalavoidanceofnaturalvariationsinclimate,air-conditioningmaydamagethehumancapacitytoadapttostress.（但有的醫學專家認為，就像其他躲避氣候自然變化的技術一樣，空調可能會損害人類適應壓力的能力。），醫學專家可以以空調帶給人的影響做研究，C選項“醫學專家”錯誤。縱觀全文，作者點出空調帶給用空調的人的各種壞處，比如減少社區互動、降低適應壓力的能力等，所以消費者受益最小，B選項“消費者”符合文章內容。因此B選項正確。

5.【試題答案】A

【試題解析】觀點態度題。文章提到空調成本高昂、帶來的舒適性小，減少了人們的交流，降低了人們適應壓力的能力，羅列出很多缺點，卻沒有提到空調給人們帶來的具有建設性的優點，A選項“批評”正確，B選項“折衷”和C選項“中立”錯誤。D選項“客觀”：帶有批判性就不是客觀的態度。因此A選項正確。

4.翻譯題

Onlinenewspapersarealookintothefutureandjustponderingitraisesthequestionofwhetheritisn’tnicergettingyourdailynewscurledupinyourfavoritechairwithyourballpointpenhandytocircleitemsofinterest,orscissorsreadytosnipoutarticlesyouwanttosave.TheGazetteCompanyisbettingitssubscriberswantbothelectronicandpaperoptions，andsofaritseemstoberight.

TherestoftheworldismovingintocyberspacemoreslowlythantheUnitedStates,and,inthedevelopingworld，theInternethashardlypenetratedatall.U.N.SecretaryGeneralKofiAnnanisdeterminedtochangethisthroughtheUnitedNationsInformationTechnologyService,whichwilltrainlargenumbersofpeopletolapintotheincome-enhancingpoweroftheInternet.AnnanisalsoproposinganInternethealthnetworkthatwillprovidestate-of-the-artmedicalknowledgeto10,000clinicsandhospitalsinpoorcountries.

TheonrushingCyberAgehasgivennewfoundpowertousall,asseeninJodyWilliams’sone-womanorganizationusinge-mailtopromoteaglobalbanonlandmines.Yet,thisisbutaglimpseofwhat’saheadinthemindsofthoseimmersedinthisgreatandacceleratingtransformation.

AtMicrosoft,BillGatespredictsthatby2018majornewspaperswill“publishtheirlastpapereditionsandmovesolelytoelectronicdistribution,”andthatby2020dictionarieswillredefinebooksas“eBooktitlesreadonscreen”.

TranslatethefollowingpassageintoChinese

【答案】網上報紙是對未來的一種展望，僅僅思考一下就會提出問題，蜷縮在你最喜愛的椅子上，用圓珠筆把你每天感興趣的新聞圈出來，或者用剪刀剪下你想要保存的新聞，這樣會不會更好呢？葛澤特公司打賭說他的訂閱者想要電子和紙質報紙兩種選擇，現在看來似乎是正確的。

世界其他地區比美國更慢地進入電子信息化空間，在發展中國家，互聯網根本沒有滲透進來。聯合國秘書長科菲?安南決心聯合聯合國信息技術服務來改變這一現狀。這個組織將訓練大量人員開發互聯網的增收潛力。安南還建議建立一個互聯網健康網絡，這個網絡將給一些貧困國家提供10000家診所和醫院最先進的醫療知識。

飛速發展的網絡時代賦予了我們新的力量，正如一位名叫朱迪?威廉姆斯的女士所說，她創辦的婦女組織用郵件倡導全球禁用地雷。然而，這在那些沉浸在這種偉大而加速的變革中的人的頭腦中，只是對未來的一瞥。

微軟公司的比爾?蓋茨預測，到2018年，主要新聞報紙將“出版他們最后一版紙質報紙，然后完全轉為電子版”，并且到2020年，詞典將重新將書定義為“在屏幕上閱讀的電子書”。

5.單選題

Ourtroubleliesinasimpleconfusion,onetowhicheconomistshavebeenpronesincethebeginningoftheIndustrialRevolution.Growthandecologyoperatebydifferentrules.Economiststendtoassumethateveryproblemofscarcitycanbesolvedbysubstitution,byreplacingtunawithtilapia，withoutfactoringinthelong-termenvironmentalimplicationsofeither.Butwhereaseconomiesmightexpand,ecosystemsdonot.Theychange—pinegiveswaytooak,coyotesarriveinNewEngland—andtheyreproducethemselves,buttheydonotincreaseinextentorabundanceyearafteryear.Mosteconomiststhinkofscarcityasalaborproblem,imaginingthatonlyenergyandtechnologyplacelimitsonproduction.Toharvestmorewood,buildabetterchainsaw；topumpmoreoil，drillmorewells；togetmorefood,inventpest-resistantplants.

Thatlogicthrivedonnewfrontiersandmoreintensiveproduction,anditheldofftheprophetsofscarcity—fromThomasRobertMalthustoPaulEhrlich—whosepredictionsoffamineandshortagehavenotcometopass.TheAgriculturalRevolutionthatbeganinseventeenth-centuryEnglandradicallyincreasedtheamountoffoodthatcouldbegrownonanacreofland,andthesamehappenedinthe1960sand1970s,whenfertilizerandhybridizedseedsarrivedinIndiaandMexico.Butthepicturelooksentirelydifferentwhenwechangethescale.Industrialsocietyisroughly250yearsold:makethelasttenthousandyearsequaltotwenty-fourhours,andwehavebeenproducingconsumergoodsandCO2foronlythelastthirty-sixminutes.Dothesameforthepast1millionyearsofhumanevolution,andeverythingfromthesteamenginetothesearchenginefitsintothepasttwenty-oneseconds.Ifwearenotcareful,huntingandgatheringwilllooklikeafarmoresuccessfulstrategyofsurvivalthaneconomicgrowth.Thelatterhaschangedsomuchabouttheearthandhumansocietiesinsolittletimethatitmakesmoresensetobecautiousthantriumphant.

Althoughfoodscarcity,whenitoccurs,isalocalizedproblem,otherkindsofscarcityarealreadyhere.Groundwaterisalarminglylowinregionsallovertheworld,butthemostimmediatethreattogrowthissurelypetroleum.

1.Economistsareproneto（

）.

2.Whatdoestheauthorthinkofecosystems?

3.WhatdoesthepassagesayaboutthepredictionsmadebyThomasRobertMalthusandPaulEhrlich?

4.Whathappenedinthe1960sand1970s?

5.Thepurposeofmentioningthesearchengineistoshow

（

）.

6.Thelastsentenceofthesecondparagraphimpliesthat（

）.

問題1選項

A.emphasizethedifferencesbetweeneconomicgrowthandscarcity

B.seeeconomyfromanecologicalperspective

C.ignoretheenvironmentalimpactofeconomicgrowth

D.usedifferentapproachestoeconomicsandecology

問題2選項

A.Theymaydeteriorate.

B.Theymaybenefitfromtheeconomy.

C.Theyareassociatedwithproductivity.

D.Theyarecloselyrelatedtotechnology.

問題3選項

A.Theyprovedtobeuseful.

B.Theyhavenotcometrue.

C.Theyprovedtobeaccurate.

D.Theyhavenotdrawnenoughattention.

問題4選項

A.LandexpansionoccurredinMexico.

B.FertilizerbegantobeusedinEngland.

C.HybridizedplantsweregrownintheUS.

D.FoodproductionincreasedinIndia.

問題5選項

A.thehighspeedofmodemmachines

B.technologicalprogress

C.popularinterestintheInternet

D.theeconomicimpactofinformationtechnology

問題6選項

A.economicgrowthhasreducedbiodiversityworldwide

B.peopleandnatureshouldcoexistinharmony

C.peopleshouldbeproudoftheirpositioninnature

D.economicgrowthhaschangedtheecosystemrapidly

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:A

第3題:B

第4題:D

第5題:B

第6題:D

【解析】1.細節推理題。根據題干信息，可將信息點定位至原文第一段。根據“…withoutfactoringinthelong-termenvironmentalimplications...(經濟學家并沒有考慮到經濟發展對環境及生態的長期影響。)”,即可進行合理推斷，從而得出本題答案。

2.觀點態度題。根據題干信息，可將信息點定位至原文第一段。根據“Butwhereaseconomiesmightexpand,ecosystemsdonot.(但是，盡管經濟可能會擴張，生態系統卻不會。)”即可得出本題答案。

3.細節事實題。根據題干信息，可將信息點定位至原文第二段。根據“whosepredictionsoffamineandshortagehavenotcometopass.(他們關于饑荒和短缺的預言并沒有實現。)”即可得出本題答案。

4.細節事實題。根據題干信息，可將信息點定位至原文第二段。根據“TheAgriculturalRevolutionthatbeganinseventeenth-centuryEnglandradicallyincreasedtheamountoffoodthatcouldbegrownonanacreofland,andthesamehappenedinthe1960sand1970s(始于17世紀英格蘭的農業革命極大地提高了一英畝土地上的糧食產量，20世紀60年代和70年代也發生了同樣的事情，),”即可得出本題答案。

5.細節推斷題。根據題干信息，可將信息點定位至原文第二段倒數第三句。根據“Dothesameforthepast1millionyearsofhumanevolution,andeverythingfromthesteamenginetothesearchenginefitsintothepasttwenty-oneseconds.(在過去100萬年的人類進化過程中，同樣的事情也會發生，從蒸汽機到搜索引擎，所有的一切都能在過去的21秒內完成。)”即可進行合理推斷，從而得出本題答案。

6.細節推斷題。根據題干將信息點定位至原文第二段最后一句。根據“haschangedsomuchabouttheearthandhumansocietiesinsolittletime(在這么短的時間里，地球和人類社會發生了巨大的變化)”即可得出本題答案。

6.單選題

Hisinabilitytolearnforeignlanguagewasan（

）tohiscareer.

問題1選項

A.shortage

B.disturbance

C.occurrence

D.obstacle

【答案】D

【解析】考查名詞辨析。shortage“短缺”；disturbance“打擾”；occurrence“發生，出現”；obstacle“障礙”。句意：他沒有學習外語的能力，這成為他職業生涯的一個障礙。根據上下文句意可知D項符合題意，答案D

7.單選題

BillClintonprojectedan（

）personalityinthe1992campaign,butthatwasnothisonlyadvantageoverBushandanindependentcandidate,RossPerot.

問題1選項

A.informal

B.exaggerative

C.affluent

D.effervescent

【答案】D

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。informal“非正式的”；exaggerative“夸張的”；affluent“富裕的；流暢的”；effervescent“活躍的”。句意：比爾?克林頓（美國前總統）在1992年的競選中表現出活躍的個性，但這不是他相對于布什和獨立候選人羅斯?佩羅的唯一優勢。只有D項可以形容personality。

8.單選題

LastyearmarkedthethirdyearinarowthatIndonesia’sbleakrateofdeforestationhasslowedinpace.Onereasonfortheturnaroundmaybethecountry'santipovertyprogram.

In2007,Indonesiastartedphasinginaprogramthatgivesmoneytoitspoorestresidentsundercertainconditions,suchasrequiringpeopletokeepkidsinschoolorgetregularmedicalcare.CalledconditionalcashtransfersorCCTs,thesesocialassistanceprogramsaredesignedtoreduceinequalityandbreakthecycleofpoverty.They'realreadyusedindozensofcountriesworldwide.InIndonesia,theprogramhasprovidedenoughfoodandmedicinetosubstantiallyreduceseveregrowthproblemsamongchildren.

ButCCTprogramsdon'tgenerallyconsidereffectsontheenvironment.Infact,povertyalleviationandenvironmentalprotectionareoftenviewedasconflictinggoals,saysPaulFerraro,aneconomistatJohnsHopkinsUniversity.

That'sbecauseeconomicgrowthcanbecorrelatedwithenvironmentaldegradation,whileprotectingtheenvironmentissometimescorrelatedwithgreaterpoverty.However,thosecorrelationsdon'tprovecauseandeffect.Theonlypreviousstudyanalyzingcausality,basedonanareainMexicothathadinstitutedCCTs,supportedthetraditionalview.There,aspeoplegotmoremoney,someofthemmayhavemoreclearedlandforcattletoraiseformeat,Ferrarosays.

Suchprogramsdonothavetonegativelyaffecttheenvironment,though.FerrarowantedtoseeifIndonesia’spoverty-alleviationprogramwasaffectingdeforestation.Indonesiahasthethird-largestareaoftropicalforestintheworldandoneofthehighestdeforestationrates.Ferraroanalyzedsatellitedatashowingannualforestlossfrom2008to2012—includingduringIndonesia'sphase-inoftheantipovertyprogram—in7,468forestedvillagesacross15provincesandmultipleislands.TheduoseparatedtheeffectsoftheCCTprogramonforestlossfromotherfactors,likeweatherandmacroeconomicchanges,whichwerealsoaffectingforestloss.Withthat,“weseethattheprogramisassociatedwitha30percentreductionindeforestation,”Ferrarosays.

That'slikelybecausetheruralpoorareusingthemoneyasmakeshiftinsurancepoliciesagainstinclementweather,Ferrarosays.Typically,ifrainsaredelayed,peoplemayclearlandtoplantmorericetosupplementtheirharvests.WiththeCCTs,individualsinsteadcanusethemoneytosupplementtheirharvests.

Whetherthisresearchtranslateselsewhereisanybody'sguess.Ferrarosuggeststheimportanceofgrowingriceandmarketaccess.Andregardlessoftransferability,thestudyshowsthatwhat'sgoodforpeoplemayalsobegoodvalueoftheavoideddeforestationjustforcarbondioxideemissionsaloneismorethantheprogramcosts.

1.Accordingtothefirsttwoparagraphs,CCTprogramsaimto（

）.

2.ThestudybasedonanareainMexicoiscitedtoshowthat（

）.

3.InhisstudyaboutIndonesia,Ferrarointendstofindout（

）.

4.AccordingtoFerraro,theCCTprograminIndonesiaismostvaluableinthat（

）.

5.Whatisthetextcenteredon?

問題1選項

A.facilitatehealthcarereform

B.helppoorfamiliesgetbetteroff

C.improvelocaleducationsystems

D.lowerdeforestationrates

問題2選項

A.cattlerearinghasbeenamajormeansoflivelihoodforthepool

B.CCTprogramshavehelpedpreservetraditionallifestyles

C.antipovertyeffortsrequiretheparticipationoflocalfarmers

D.economicgrowthtendstocauseenvironmentaldegradation

問題3選項

A.itsacceptancelevelofCCTs

B.itsannualrateofpovertyalleviation

C.therelationofCCTstoitsforestloss

D.theroleofitsforestsinclimatechange

問題4選項

A.itwillbenefitotherAsiancountries

B.itwillreduceregionalinequality

C.itcanprotecttheenvironment

D.itcanboostgrainproduction

問題5選項

A.Theeffectsofaprogram.

B.Thedebatesoveraprogram.

C.Theprocessofastudy.

D.Thetransferabilityofastudy.

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:D

第3題:C

第4題:C

第5題:A

9.單選題

Itisa(n)（

）thattheFrencheatsomuchrichfoodandyethavearelativelylowrateofheartdisease.

問題1選項

A.analogy

B.paradox

C.correlation

D.illusion

【答案】B

【解析】考查名詞辨析。analogy“類比”；paradox“悖論，反論”；correlation“相關，關聯”；illusion“幻覺，錯覺”。句意：法國人吃很多油膩的東西，但心臟病的發病率卻比較低，這是一種很矛盾的現象。根據前后句句意及yet表轉折可知，B項符合句意，答案B。

10.單選題

Itwasaboldideatobuildapowerstationinthedeepvalley,butit（）aswellaswehadhoped.

問題1選項

A.cameoff

B.wentoff

C.broughtout

D.madeout

【答案】A

【解析】考查詞組辨析。A選項comeoff“成功，實現”；B選項gooff“離開，變質”；C選項bringout“出版，生產”；D選項makeout“辨認出，理解”。根據句意：在深谷里建發電站是個大膽的想法，但結果與我們原來所希望的一樣。也就說，這個想法得到實現，所以選項A符合語境。

11.單選題

Thelittlegirlthoughtfailinginexaminationas（

）,soshewasunwillingtotellherparents.

問題1選項

A.humidity

B.humiliation

C.humility

D.humanity

【答案】B

【解析】【試題解析】考查名詞辨析。A選項humidity“濕度”；B選項humiliation“丟臉，恥辱”；C選項humility“謙卑，謙虛”；D選項humanity“人類，人道”。根據關鍵詞“failinginexamination考試不及格”和動詞“thought認為”可知空格部分為“可恥，恥辱”，句意為：這個小女孩認為考試不及格很可恥，所以沒有告訴她的父母。故正確答案選B。

12.單選題

TheFrenchwordrenaissancemeansrebirth.Itwasfirstusedin1855bythehistorianJulesMicheletinhisHistoryofFrance,thenadoptedbyhistoriansofculture,byarthistorians,andeventuallybymusichistorians,allofwhomappliedittoEuropeancultureduringthe150yearsspanning1450-1600.TheconceptofrebirthwasappropriatetothisperiodofEuropeanhistorybecauseoftherenewedinterestinancientGreekandRomanculturethatbeganinItalyandthenspreadthroughoutEurope.ScholarsandartistsofthefifteenthandsixteenthcenturieswantedtorestorethelearningandidealsoftheclassicalcivilizationsofGreeceandRome.Tothesescholarsthismeantareturntohumanasopposedtospiritual-values.Fulfillmentinlife—asopposedtoconcernaboutanafterlife—becameadesirablegoal,andexpressingtheentirerangeofhumanemotionsandenjoyingthepleasuresofthesenseswerenolongerfrownedon.

Artistsandwritersnowturnedtosecularaswellasreligioussubjectmatterandsoughttomaketheirworksunderstandableandappealing.ThesechangesinoutlookdeeplyaffectedthemusicalcultureoftheRenaissanceperiod—howpeoplethoughtaboutmusicaswellasthewaymusicwascomposed,experienced,discussed,anddisseminateD.Theycouldseethearchitecturalmonuments,sculptures,plays,andpoemsthatwerebeingrediscovered,buttheycouldnotactuallyhearancientmusic—althoughtheycouldreadthewritingsofclassicalphilosophers,poets,essayists,andmusictheoriststhatwerebecomingavailableintranslation.Theylearnedaboutthepowerofancientmusictomovethelistenerandwonderedwhymodernmusicdidnothavethesameeffect.Forexample,theinfluentialreligiousleaderBernardinoCirilloexpresseddisappointmentwiththelearnedmusicofhistime.Heurgedmusicianstofollowtheexampleofthesculptors,painters,architects,andscholarswhohadrediscoveredancientartandliterature.

ThemusicalRenaissanceinEuropewasmoreageneralculturalmovementandstateofmindthanaspecificsetofmusicaltechniques.Furthermore,musicchangedsorapidlyduringthiscenturyandahalf-thoughatdifferentratesindifferentcountries—thatwecannotdefineasingleRenaissancestyle.

1.Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?

2.WhatdoestheauthormeanbyusingthewordeventuallyinPara.1?

3.ItcanbeinferredfromthepassagethatthinkersoftheRenaissancewereseekingarebirthof___.

4.Accordingtothepassage,RenaissanceartistsandwritershadallofthefollowingintentionsEXCEPT___.

5.WhichofthefollowingismentionedinthepassageasareasonfortheabsenceofasingleRenaissancemusicalstyle?

問題1選項

A.ThemusicalcompositionsthatbestillustratethedevelopmentsduringtheEuropeanRenaissance

B.ThemusicaltechniquesthatwereinuseduringtheEuropeanRenaissance

C.TheEuropeanRenaissanceasaculturaldevelopmentthatincludedchangesinmusicalstyle

D.TheancientGreekandRomanmusicalpracticesusedduringtheEuropeanRenaissance

問題2選項

A.Thatmusichistoriansusedtheterm“Renaissance”aftertheotherhistoriansdid

B.Thatmostmusichistoriansusedtheterm“Renaissance”

C.Theterm“Renaissance”becamewidelyusedbyarthistoriansbutnotbymusichistorians

D.Thatmusichistoriansusedtheterm“Renaissance”verydifferentlythanithadbeenusedbyJulesMichelet

問題3選項

A.communicationamongartistsacrossEurope

B.spiritualityineverydaylife

C.aculturalemphasisonhumanvalues

D.religiousthemesinartthatwouldaccompanythetraditionalsecularthemes

問題4選項

A.tousereligiousthemes

B.toportrayonlythepleasantpartsofhumanexperience

C.toproduceartthatpeoplewouldfindattractive

D.tocreateworksthatwereeasilyunderstood

問題5選項

A.ThemusicalRenaissancewasdefinedbytechniqueratherthanstyle

B.ThemusicalRenaissancewastooshorttogiverisetoanewmusicalstyle

C.RenaissancemusiciansadoptedthestylesofbothGreekandRomanmusicians

D.DuringtheRenaissance,musicneverremainedthesameforverylong

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:A

第3題:C

第4題:B

第5題:D

【解析】1.主旨大意題。根據題干，通讀全文，以及定位到文章尾段第一句“ThemusicalRenaissanceinEuropewasmoreageneralculturalmovementandstateofmindthanaspecificsetofmusicaltechniques.”，中文翻譯為：歐洲音樂復興與其說是一套特定的音樂技巧，不如說是一場普遍的文化運動和一種精神狀態。可以判斷C選項“歐洲文藝復興是一種包括音樂風格變化在內的文化發展。”正確。

2.推理判斷題。由題干關鍵字“eventually”可以定位到原文第一段“Itwasfirstusedin1855bythehistorianJulesMicheletinhisHistoryofFrance,thenadoptedbyhistoriansofculture,byarthistorians,andeventuallybymusichistorians,allofwhomappliedittoEuropeancultureduringthe150yearsspanning1450-1600.”，中文翻譯為：1855年，歷史學家朱爾斯?米歇萊(JulesMichelet)在他的《法國歷史》中首次使用了這個詞，隨后被文化歷史學家、藝術歷史學家和音樂歷史學家采用，所有這些歷史學家都在1450-1600年的150年間將其應用于歐洲