書山有路勤為徑，學海無涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語-蘭州現(xiàn)代職業(yè)學院押題密卷附帶答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請謹慎購買！第壹套一.全考點押題密卷-綜合訓練(共50題)1.單選題

Launchingpeopleintospacemaymakeheadlinesbutitdoeslittleusefulscience.SowhenGeorgeBushredirectedAmerica’sspaceagency,NASA,awayfromscientificresearchandtowardsamannedreturntothemoonin2004,manyscientistsweredisappointed.Nowtheagencyhasfinallyofferedsomesmallmorselsofcomfortintheformoffourprojectsthatcouldaccompanyeffortsforalunarreturn.

Themostexcitingoftheseistheplanforaradiotelescopethatcouldbeplacedonthefarsideofthemoon.Suchadevicewouldlookbackattheearlyuniversetothetimewhenlarge-scalestructuressuchasgalaxiesandstarsformed.Alunar-basedradiotelescopewouldbeabletodetectlongwavelengthsthatcannotbesensedonEarthbecausetheyareabsorbedbytheoutermostlayersoftheplanet’satmosphere.Moreoverbypointingthetelescopeawayfromthedinofshorter-wavelengthradiowavesthatareusedforcommunicationonEarth,astrophysicistswouldbeabletoseetheearlyuniverseinunprecedenteddetail.

Findingalienlifemightalsobepossiblewithsuchatelescope.Itwouldbeabletomapthemagneticfieldsofstarsandexoplanets(planetsthatcirclestarsoutsidethesolarsystem).ItisthemagneticfieldoftheEarththatprotectsitsinhabitantsfrombeingbombardedbyhigh-energyparticlesfromspacethatwouldotherwiseleavetheplanetsterile.DetectingamagneticfieldsurroundinganEarth-likeexoplanetwouldproveapromisingsignforfindingextraterrestriallife.Theproposal,ledbyJosephLazio,oftheNavalResearchLaboratoryinWashington,DC,istocreateanarrayofthreearmsarrangedinaY-shape,eachofwhichwouldbe500meterslongandcontain16antennae.Eacharmwouldbemadeofaplasticfilmthatcouldberolledoutontothesurfaceofthemoon,eitherbyrobotsorbyastronauts.

Asecondproject,headedbyMichaelCollier,oftheNASAGoddardSpaceFlightCentre,wouldexaminehowthesolarwind—astreamofchargedparticlesejectedfromthesun—interactswiththetenuouslunaratmosphereclosetothemoon’ssurface.Suchbombardmentproduceslow-energyX-raysthatwouldbedetectedonthesurfaceofthemoon.ThethirdandfourthprojectsaresimilarbothtoeachotherandtoearlierventuresdroppedonthemoonbytheApolloandtheSovietLunamissionsinthelate1960sand1970s.Some35yearson,reflectorsplacedonthelunarsurfacearestillusedbyscientistsinterestedingeophysicsandgeodesy(forexample,howthemoon’sgravitationalfieldshiftsovertime).Mostofthereflectorsareclusteredclosetothelunarequator.Theproposals,ledbyStephenMerkowitz,alsoofNASA’sGoddardSpaceFlightCentre,andDouglasCurrie,oftheUniversityofMaryland,aretosprinklesomemoresophisticatedversionsovermoreofthemoon’ssurface.

SucheffortsmayattractlittleattentioncomparedwiththelaunchofthespaceshuttleEndeavourthisweek.Nevertheless,whenNASAarguesthatputtingpeopleintospaceinspiresyoungpeopletostudyscience,itispreciselytheseendeavorsthatitwishestoencourage.

51.By“Launchingpeopleintospacemaymakeheadlinesbutitdoeslittleusefulscience”(Line1,Paragraph1),theauthormeans______.

52.Themostdistinctivefeatureofalunar-basedradiotelescopementionedinthesecondparagraphisthat______.

53.Howdoestheauthorfeelaboutthefournewmoonplans?

54.WhichofthefollowingisNOTafeatureofthelasttwoprojectsdiscussedinthefourthparagraph?

55.Towhichofthefollowingistheauthorlikelytoagree?

問題1選項

A.Launchingpeopleintospaceisveryimportant

B.Newspaperonlycaresaboutwhetherhumanscantravelintospace

C.Humans’traveltooutsidespaceisagainstscientificrules

D.Launchingpeopleintospaceisnotofgreatscientificvalue

問題2選項

A.itisabletocapturelongwavelengths

B.itpossessesbetterfunctionsthanthetelescopesonearth

C.itcanescapefromthemagneticfieldoftheEarth

D.itcandetectallgalaxiesintheuniverse

問題3選項

A.Objective

B.Affirmative

C.Carefree

D.Panicked

問題4選項

A.Thetwoprojectsareoflessimportancethantheothertwo.

B.Thetwoplansareofsimilaritywitheachother.

C.Thepurposeoftheplansistoaddsomeequipmentonthemoon.

D.Theseplansarecontinuanceofpreviousstudiescarriedoutdecadeago.

問題5選項

A.Theradiotelescopewillbeabletofindextraterrestriallife.

B.ThesecondprojectfocusesontheinteractionbetweensolarwindandEarthatmosphere.

C.JosephLazio’sproposalispartoftheradiotelescopeproject.

D.ThefourprojectsarecloselyrelatedtotherecentlylaunchedspaceshuttleEndeavour.

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:A

第3題:B

第4題:A

第5題:C

【解析】51.推理判斷題。題干意思是“第一段第一行通過說‘Launchingpeopleintospacemaymakeheadlinesbutitdoeslittleusefulscience’，作者的意思是……”。根據(jù)題干定位到文章第一行，Launchingpeopleintospacemaymakeheadlinesbutitdoeslittleusefulscience.（把人送入太空可能會成為頭條新聞，但它對科學沒有什么用處），可以推斷，把人送入太空對科學沒什么價值，故D項“將人送入太空沒有很大的科學價值”正確。A項“把人送入太空是非常重要的”和C項“人類到外太空旅行是違反科學規(guī)則的”與文章不符；B項“報紙只關(guān)心人類是否能進入太空”該段沒有提到。因此，該題選擇D項正確。

52.細節(jié)事實題。題干意思是“第二段提到的基于月球的射電望遠鏡最顯著的特點是……”。根據(jù)第二段第三句Alunar-basedradiotelescopewouldbeabletodetectlongwavelengthsthatcannotbesensedonEarthbecausetheyareabsorbedbytheoutermostlayersoftheplanet’satmosphere.（設(shè)在月球上的射電望遠鏡將能夠探測到地球上無法探測到的長波，因為它們被地球大氣層的最外層所吸收）可知，A項“它能夠捕獲長波長”正確。B項“它比地球上的望遠鏡有更好的功能”，文中沒有對這兩個進行比較；C項“它可以逃離地球的磁場”文中沒有提及；D項“它可以探測到宇宙中的所有星系”表述太夸張。因此，該題選擇A項正確。

53.觀點態(tài)度題。題干意思是“作者對四個新的月球計劃有什么看法？”。文中提到了四個計劃是在第一段最后Nowtheagencyhasfinallyofferedsomesmallmorselsofcomfortintheformoffourprojectsthatcouldaccompanyeffortsforalunarreturn.（現(xiàn)在，宇航局終于提供了一些小安慰，以四個項目的形式，努力重返月球），接著作者第二段就描述了自己的看法，第一句提到Themostexcitingoftheseistheplanforaradiotelescopethatcouldbeplacedonthefarsideofthemoon.（其中最令人興奮的是一個可以放置在月球背面的射電望遠鏡計劃），可以看出作者的態(tài)度是肯定的，故B項“肯定”正確。A項“客觀”、C項“無憂無慮”和D項“驚慌失措”都不夠準確。因此，該題選擇B項正確。

54.細節(jié)事實題。題干意思是“下列哪項不是第四段所討論的最后兩個項目的特征？”。根據(jù)題干我們定位到第四段，第三句提到Thethirdandfourthprojectsaresimilarbothtoeachother（第三和第四個項目彼此相似）可知，B項“這兩個計劃很相似”正確；最后一句提到Theproposals,ledbyStephenMerkowitz,alsoofNASA’sGoddardSpaceFlightCentre,andDouglasCurrie,oftheUniversityofMaryland,aretosprinklesomemoresophisticatedversionsovermoreofthemoon’ssurface.（這項提議由同樣來自美國宇航局戈達德太空飛行中心的StephenMerkowitz和馬里蘭大學的DouglasCurrie指導，他們打算在月球表面的更多地方安裝一些尖端反射器）可知，C項“計劃的目的是在月球上增加一些設(shè)備”正確；同時，最后兩個項目同樣是由美國宇航局戈達德太空飛行中心的研究員指導，所以可以推斷D項“這些計劃是十年前先前的研究的延續(xù)”也符合原文；只有A項“這兩個項目不如另外兩個重要”在文中沒有提到。因此，該題選擇A項正確。

55.細節(jié)判斷題。題干意思是“作者可能同意下列哪一項？”。由第三段第四句DetectingamagneticfieldsurroundinganEarth-likeexoplanetwouldproveapromisingsignforfindingextraterrestriallife.（探測到一顆類似地球的系外行星周圍的磁場將證明是發(fā)現(xiàn)外星生命的一個有希望的跡象）可推斷，射電望遠鏡有希望能夠發(fā)現(xiàn)外星生命的跡象，A項“這臺射電望遠鏡將能夠發(fā)現(xiàn)外星生命”太絕對；根據(jù)第四段第一句Asecondproject,headedbyMichaelCollier,oftheNASAGoddardSpaceFlightCentre,wouldexaminehowthesolarwind—astreamofchargedparticlesejectedfromthesun—interactswiththetenuouslunaratmosphereclosetothemoon’ssurface.（第二個項目由美國宇航局戈達德太空飛行中心的MichaelCollier領(lǐng)導，將研究太陽風——從太陽噴射出來的帶電粒子流——如何與月球表面附近稀薄的月球大氣層相互作用）可知，第二個項目研究的是太陽風與月球大氣層之間的相互作用，B項“第二個項目主要研究太陽風與地球大氣之間的相互作用”錯誤；第三段提到了射電望遠鏡的提議人，Theproposal,ledbyJosephLazio,oftheNavalResearchLaboratoryinWashington,DC（由華盛頓海軍研究實驗室的JosephLazio領(lǐng)導的這項提議），由此可知C項“JosephLazio的提議是射電望遠鏡項目的一部分”符合原文；文章第一句就指出Launchingpeopleintospacemaymakeheadlinesbutitdoeslittleusefulscience.（把人送入太空可能會成為頭條新聞，但它對科學沒有什么用處）可知，本周發(fā)射的奮進號航天飛機對科學并沒有什么用處，所以D項“這四個項目與最近發(fā)射的奮進號航天飛機密切相關(guān)”不正確。因此，該題選擇C項正確。

2.翻譯題

這些讀者既“溫故”，讀文史，了解過去；又“知新”，愛科學、展望未來。他們愿意從各種各樣的書籍中探索找尋生活的樂趣、人生的樂趣、思維的樂趣和智慧的樂趣。他們看市井風俗、社會百態(tài)，看多彩人生和豐富感情。他們生活在現(xiàn)在，同時也生活在過去和未來，他們最大限度地體會讀書帶來的追求智慧的樂趣。正如王小波說的：“智慧本身就是好的。有一天我們都會死去，追求智慧的道路還會有人在走著。死掉以后的事我看不到，但在我活著的時候，想到這件事，心里就高興。”

【答案】Thesereadersreadhistorytoknowthepastandsciencetolookintothefuture.Theyliketoexplorelife,waysofthinkingandwisdomfromtheirreading.Theyseecustomsandcolorfulsocietyandpeople’semotions.Theyleadalifeofthepastandthefutureaswellasthepresent.Theyenjoyreadingtothemaximuminwhichtheybecomewise.AsWangXiaoboputsit,Wisdomisitselfbeautiful.Wewilldiesomedayandotherswillmarchontosearchit.Icannotseethethingsintheotherworld,butIfeelhappyinthisworldwheneverIthinkofitinmylife.

3.單選題

Hisaimistopersuadethecountrytoabandonitsnuclearplanoratleasttomodifyitandthrowitopento（）.

問題1選項

A.scrutiny

B.confirmation

C.prospect

D.accusation

【答案】A

【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析。scrutiny“詳細審查；監(jiān)視”；confirmation“確認；證實”；prospect“前途；預期”；accusation“控告；指控”。句意：他的目標是說服這個國家放棄其核計劃，或者至少對其進行改進，并且接受______。根據(jù)句意可知選項A符合題意。

4.單選題

I______withthanksthehelpofmycolleaguesinthepreparationofthisnewcolumn.

問題1選項

A.express

B.confess

C.verify

D.acknowledge

【答案】D

【解析】考查動詞辨析。A項express“表達”；B項confess“承認、坦白”；C項verify“核實、查證”；D項acknowledge“承認、答謝、報償”；句意：我感謝同事們在準備這個新專欄時給予我的幫助。acknowledgewiththanksthehelpof“答謝……的幫助”；因此該題D項正確。

5.單選題

Tomorrowwewill______ourdayofindependence.

問題1選項

A.favor

B.expose

C.roar

D.celebrate

【答案】D

【解析】【試題解析】考查動詞辨析。A選項favor“較喜歡，選擇”；B選項expose“（尤指對令人震驚或故意保密的事實的）陳述”；C選項roar“叫喊，大聲地說”；D選項celebrate“慶祝，慶賀”。句意：明天我們會______我們的獨立日。根據(jù)語境，這里表達的是在獨立日會做什么，D選項celebrate“慶祝”符合題意。因此D選項正確。

6.單選題

Thetigercontinuedto（

）usbywalkingroundandroundourtent.

問題1選項

A.trap

B.transplant

C.menace

D.provoke

【答案】C

【解析】trap誘騙,設(shè)陷阱；transplant移植；menace威脅,恐嚇；provoke激怒,煽動。句意:老虎圍繞著帳篷轉(zhuǎn)來轉(zhuǎn)去,繼續(xù)威脅著我們。選項C符合句意。

7.單選題

Itishardtogetanyagreementontheprecisemeaningoftheterm‘socialclass’.Ineverydaylife,peopletendtohaveadifferentapproachtothosetheyconsidertheirequalsfromthatwhichtheyassumewithpeopletheyconsiderhigherorlowerthanthemselvesinthesocialscale.Thecriteriaweusetoplaceanewacquaintance,however,areacomplexmixtureoffactors.Dress,wayofspeaking,areaofresidenceinagivencityorprovince,educationandmannersallplayapart.

Intheeighteenth-centuryoneofthefirstmoderneconomists,AdamSmith,thoughtthatthe‘wholeannualproduceofthelandandlaborofeverycountry’providedrevenueto“threedifferentordersofpeople:Thosewholivebyrent,thosewholivebywages,thosewholivebyprofit’.Eachsuccessivestageoftheindustrialrevolution,however,madethesocialstructuremorecomplicated.

Manyintermediategroupsgrewupduringthenineteenth-centurybetweentheuppermiddleclassandtheworkingclass.Thereweresmall-scaleindustrialistsaswellaslargeones,smallshopkeepersandtradesmen,officialsandsalariedemployees,skilledandunskilledworkers,andprofessionalmensuchasdoctorsandteachers.Farmersandpeasantscontinuedinallcountriesasindependentgroups.

Duringthenineteenthandearlytwentiethcenturiesthepossessionofwealthinevitablyaffectedaperson'ssocialposition.Intelligentindustrialistswithinitiativemadefortunesbytheirwitswhichliftedthemintoaneconomicgroupfarhigherthantheirworking-classparents.Buttheylackedthesocialtrainingoftheupperclass,whodespisedthemasthe‘newrich’.

Theyoftensenttheirsonsanddaughterstospecialschoolstoacquiresocialtraining.Heretheirchildrenmixedwiththechildrenoftheupperclasseswereacceptedbythem,andveryoftenfoundmarriagepartnersfromamongthem.Inthesameway,athrifty,hard-workinglabourer,thoughnotcleverenoughhimself,mightsaveforhissonenoughtopayforanextendedsecondaryschooleducationinthehopethathewouldmoveintoa‘white-collar'occupation,carryingwithitahighersalaryandmoveupinthesocialscale.

Inthetwentiethcenturytheincreasedtaxationofhigherincomes,thegrowthofthesocialservices,andthewiderdevelopmentofeducationalopportunityhaveconsiderablyalteredthesocialoutlook.Theupperclassesnolongerarethesole,oreventhemainpossessorsofwealth,powerandeducation,thoughinheritedsocialpositionstillcarriesconsiderableprestige.

Manypeopletodayarehostiletowardsclassdistinctionsandprivilegesandhopetoachieveaclasslesssociety.Thetroubleisthatasoneinequalityisremoved,anothertendstotakeitsplace,andthebestthathasasfarbeenattemptedisasocietyinwhichdistinctionsareelasticandinwhicheverymemberhasfairopportunitiesformakingthebestofhisabilities.

1.Howdoweplacepeopleinsocietyinrelationtoourselves,accordingtothetext?

2.AdamSmith'ssocialmake-upwasinvalidatedby（）.

3.Whichclassdosmallshopkeepersandtradesmenbelongto?

4.WhichofthefollowingstatementsdoesNOTtrulydescribethenewrich?

5.Whathappenedtotheclassdifferencesinthetwentiethcentury?

問題1選項

A.Mainlybytheirwayofspeaking.

B.Accordingtotheplacewheretheywereborn.

C.Accordingtoacomplexmixtureoffactors.

D.Byregardingtheminferiortoourselves.

問題2選項

A.thegrowing-upofuppermiddleclass

B.thesuccessivestagesoftheindustrialrevolution

C.theinfluenceoftheworkingclass

D.theinheritanceofsocialpositions

問題3選項

A.workingclass

B.middleclass

C.upperclass

D.uppermiddleclass

問題4選項

A.Theysenttheirchildrentospecialschoolstoreceiveeducation.

B.Theywerelackofsocialtrainingofthearistocracy.

C.Theywereoftenmenofinitiativeandintelligence.

D.Theydidnotallowtheirchildrentomarrytheupperclass.

問題5選項

A.Theyhavebeenpartlysmoothedout.

B.Theyincreasedtaxationofhigherincomes.

C.Theyhavemadethesocialservicesgrow.

D.Theywidelyenhancedtheeducationdevelopment.

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:B

第3題:B

第4題:D

第5題:A

【解析】1.細節(jié)事實題。根據(jù)第一段的倒數(shù)第二句“Thecriteriaweusetoplaceanewacquaintance,however,areacomplexmixtureoffactors.然而，我們用來評價一個新認識的人的標準是一個復雜的混合因素。”由此可知，選項C符合原文。

2.細節(jié)事實題。根據(jù)關(guān)鍵信息“AdamSmith”定位到原文第二段的內(nèi)容。本段最后一句指出“Eachsuccessivestageoftheindustrialrevolution,however,madethesocialstructuremorecomplicated.然而，工業(yè)革命的每一個連續(xù)階段都使社會結(jié)構(gòu)更加復雜。”也就是說，會讓AdamSmith提出的社會結(jié)構(gòu)失效，所以選項B正確。

3.細節(jié)事實題。根據(jù)關(guān)鍵信息“smallshopkeepersandtradesmen”定位到原文第三段的內(nèi)容“許多中間群體在19世紀成長起來，介于上層中產(chǎn)階級和工人階級之間。小型實業(yè)家，也有大型實業(yè)家，有小店主和商人……”由此可知，選項B正確。

4.判斷推理題。根據(jù)關(guān)鍵信息“newrich”定位到原文第四段的內(nèi)容。第四段最后一句提及“Intelligentindustrialistswithinitiativemadefortunesbytheirwitswhichliftedthemintoaneconomicgroupfarhigherthantheirworking-classparents.Buttheylackedthesocialtrainingoftheupperclass,whodespisedthemasthe‘newrich’.聰明的工業(yè)家憑借自己的智慧發(fā)了財，這使他們的經(jīng)濟地位遠遠高于他們的工薪階層父母。但是他們?nèi)狈ι狭魃鐣纳鐣摒B(yǎng)，而上流社會則視他們?yōu)椤沦F’”，由此可知，選項B和選項C均符合原文；第五段第一句提及“Theyoftensenttheirsonsanddaughterstospecialschoolstoacquiresocialtraining.他們經(jīng)常把兒女送到特殊學校接受社會培訓。”由此可知，選項A也符合原文；只有選項D與原文恰好是相反的情況，所以本題選D。

5.判斷推理題。根據(jù)原文倒數(shù)第二段的內(nèi)容“在20世紀，對高收入增加的稅收，社會服務(wù)的增長，以及教育機會的廣泛發(fā)展，極大地改變了社會的前景。上層階級不再是唯一的，甚至不再是財富、權(quán)力和教育的主要擁有者，盡管繼承下來的社會地位仍然具有相當大的威望。”由此可知，到20世紀等級差異已經(jīng)部分消除，所以選項A正確。

8.單選題

Itistimethenationsoftheworld（

）ahalttothemanufactureofnuclearweapons.

問題1選項

A.wouldcall

B.call

C.called

D.willcall

【答案】C

【解析】考查固定用法。Itistime(that)sb.didsth.意為“是做某事的時候了...”。句意：世界各國是時候停止制造核武器了。所以選項C正確。

9.單選題

AUCSFstudyhasrevealednewinformationabouthowthebraindirectsthebodytomakemovements.Thekeyfactoris“noise”inthebrain’ssignaling,andithelpsexplainwhyallmovementisnotcarriedoutwiththesamelevelofprecision.

Understandingwherenoisearisesinthebrainhasimplicationsforadvancingresearchinneuromotorcontrolandindevelopingtherapiesfordisorderswherecontrolisimpaired,suchasParkinson’sdisease.

Thenewstudywasdeveloped“tounderstandbrainmachinerybehindsuchcommonmovementsastyping,walkingthroughadoorwayorjustpointingatanobject,”saysStephenLisberger,PhD,seniorstudyinvestigatorwhoisdirectoroftheW.M.KeckCenterforIntegrativeNeuroscienceattheUniversityofCalifornia,SanFrancisco.Studyco-investigatorsareLeslieC.Osborne,PhD,apostdoctoralfellowatUCSF,andWilliamBialek,PhD,professorofphysicsatPrincetonUniversity.

Thestudyfindings,reportedintheSeptember15issueofthejournalNature,arepartofongoingresearchbyLisbergerandcolleaguesontheneuralmechanismsthatallowthebraintolearnandmaintainskillsandbehavior.Thesebasicfunctionsarecarriedoutthroughthecoordinationofdifferentnervecellswithinthebrain’sneuralcircuits.“Tomakeamovement,thebraintakestheelectricalactivityofmanyneuronsandcombinesthemtomakemusclecontractions,”Lisbergerexplains.“Butthemovementsaren’talwaysperfect.Soweasked,whatgetsintheway?”Theanswer,hesays,is“noise”,whichisdefinedasthedifferencebetweenwhatisactuallyoccurringandwhatthebrainperceives.Heoffersmakingafoulshotinbasketballasanexample.Iftherewerenonoiseintheneuromotorsystem,aplayerwouldbeabletoperformthesamemotionoverandoverandnevermissashot.

“Understandinghownoiseisreducedtoveryprecisecommandshelpsusunderstandhowthosecommandsarecreated,”saysLisberger,whoalsoisaHowardHughesMedicalInstituteinvestigatorandaUCSFprofessorofphysiology.

Inthestudy,theresearchteamfocusedonamovementthatallprimatesareveryskilledat:aneyemovementknownas“smoothpursuit”thatallowstheeyestotrackamovingtarget.Inaseriesofexerciseswithmonkeysinwhichtheanimalswouldtrackvisualtargets,theresearchersmeasuredneuralactivityandsmoothpursuiteyemovements.Fromthisdata,theteamanalyzedthedifferencebetweenhowaccuratelytheanimalsactuallytrackedamovingobjectandhowaccuratelythebrainperceivedthetrajectory.Findingsshowedthatboththesmoothpursuitsystemandthebrain’sperceptualsystemwerenearlyequal.

“Thisteachesusthattheseverydifferentneuralprocessesarelimitedtothesamedegreebythesamenoisesources,”saysLisberger.“Anditshowsthatbothprocessesareverygoodatreducingnoise.”Heconcludes,“Becausethebrainisnoisy,ourmotorsystemsdon’talwaysdowhatittellsusto.Makingprecisemovementsinthefaceofthisnoiseisachallenge.”

1.Ofthefollowingmovementsinstructedbythebrain,whichoneisNOTmentionedinthearticle?

2.Howdoesthebraindirectabodymovement?

3.Howdoes“noise”affectabasketballplayer’sperformance?

4.Whichofthefollowingtitlesdoesn’tbelongtoStephenLisberger?

5.Thefindingsofthestudywithmonkeysshowthat（）.

問題1選項

A.Pointingatanobject.

B.Walkingthroughadoorway.

C.Jogging.

D.Typing.

問題2選項

A.Bysendingsignalstothemusclesdirectly.

B.Bycombiningtheelectricalactivityofneurons.

C.Bysendingnervecellstothemuscles.

D.Bycreatingdifferentnervecircuits.

問題3選項

A.Ithelpshimhitthetargeteverytime.

B.Itmakeshimaperfectplayer.

C.Itmakeshimmisstheshotsometimes.

D.Itallowshimtofollowthebraininstruction.

問題4選項

A.HowardHughesMedicalInstituteinvestigator.

B.DirectoroftheW.M.KeckCenter.

C.UCSFprofessorofphysiology.

D.ProfessorofphysicsatPrincetonUniversity.

問題5選項

A.theeyemovementisnotinfluencedbythenoise

B.theanimalscantrackamovingtargetaccurately

C.differentneuralprocessesarelimiteddifferentlybydifferentnoisesources

D.thesamenoisesourcescanequallyaffectdifferentneuralprocesses

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:B

第3題:C

第4題:D

第5題:D

【解析】1.客觀細節(jié)題。由題干可以定位到文章第三段第一句Thenewstudywasdeveloped“tounderstandbrainmachinerybehindsuchcommonmovementsastyping,walkingthroughadoorwayorjustpointingatanobject,”（新的研究是為了“了解打字、走過門口或只是指著一個物體等常見動作背后的大腦機制。”），所以A選項“指著一個物體”，B選項“走過門口”，D選項“打字”，均在文中有所提及，排除A，B，D。C選項“慢跑”在文中沒有提及，所以選C。

2.客觀細節(jié)題。由題干可以定位到文章第四段第三句Tomakeamovement,thebraintakestheelectricalactivityofmanyneuronsandcombinesthemtomakemusclecontractions（大腦將許多神經(jīng)元的電流活動結(jié)合起來，使肌肉收縮，從而做出動作），說明大腦是通過將神經(jīng)元的電流活動結(jié)合起來指揮身體運動的。因此B選項“通過結(jié)合神經(jīng)元的電流活動”正確。A選項“通過直接向肌肉發(fā)出信號”，C選項“通過向肌肉發(fā)送神經(jīng)細胞”，D選項“通過建立不同的神經(jīng)回路”均不符合題意，所以A，C，D錯誤。

3.客觀細節(jié)題。由題干可以定位到文章第四段最后一句Iftherewerenonoiseintheneuromotorsystem,aplayerwouldbeabletoperformthesamemotionoverandoverandnevermissashot.（如果神經(jīng)運動系統(tǒng)中沒有噪音，球員就能反復做同一個動作，永遠不會失誤。），說明噪音會造成球員的失誤。因此C選項“使他有時會失誤”正確。A選項“能幫助他每次都命中目標”，B選項“使他成為一個完美的球員”，D選項“使他能聽從大腦的指令”和原文表達的意思相反，所以A，B，D錯誤。

4.客觀細節(jié)題。由題干可以定位到文章第三段第一句StephenLisberger,PhD,seniorstudyinvestigatorwhoisdirectoroftheW.M.KeckCenterforIntegrativeNeuroscienceattheUniversityofCalifornia,SanFrancisco.（斯蒂芬?里斯伯格博士，高級研究調(diào)查員，他是加州大學舊金山分校W.M.Keck綜合神經(jīng)科學中心的主任。），所以B選項“W.M.Keck中心主任”是斯蒂芬?里斯伯格的頭銜，排除B。同時可以定位到文章第五段saysLisberger,whoalsoisaHowardHughesMedicalInstituteinvestigatorandaUCSFprofessorofphysiology.（里斯伯格說，他也是霍華德休斯醫(yī)學研究所的研究員和UCSF的生理學教授。），所以A選項“霍華德休斯醫(yī)學研究所的研究員”，C選項“UCSF的生理學教授”是斯蒂芬?里斯伯格的頭銜，排除A，C。D選項“普林斯頓大學物理學教授”，由原文可知這是威廉?比亞萊克博士的頭銜，不符合題意，所以選D。

5.客觀細節(jié)題。由題干可以定位到文章最后一段第一句Thisteachesusthattheseverydifferentneuralprocessesarelimitedtothesamedegreebythesamenoisesources（這告訴我們，這些截然不同的神經(jīng)過程在相同程度上受到相同噪聲源的限制），說明相同噪聲源會影響不同的神經(jīng)過程。因此D選項“相同的噪聲源可以同樣影響不同的神經(jīng)過程”正確。A選項“眼球運動不受噪聲的影響”，B選項“動物能準確地跟蹤移動的目標”，C選項“不同的神經(jīng)過程受到不同噪聲源的限制不同”和原文的表述不符，所以A，B，C錯誤。

10.單選題

Whenworkingonhisnovel,hewasperfectlycautiousnottomakeevena（）ofthepen.

問題1選項

A.slid

B.slip

C.glide

D.skid

【答案】B

【解析】aslipofthepen為固定搭配,意為“筆誤”。句意：在寫小說時,他非常小心謹慎以免出現(xiàn)筆誤。選項B符合句意。

11.單選題

Theareaaroundthemainrailroadstationandexhibitionhalloffersan（）combinationofancienthistoryandnaturalhistory.

問題1選項

A.arrogant

B.agreeable

C.ambitious

D.innocent

【答案】B

【解析】arrogant自大的,傲慢的；agreeable令人愉快的,和藹可親的；ambitious野心勃勃的；innocent無知的。句意：主火車站和展覽館周圍的區(qū)域呈現(xiàn)出古代歷史和自然歷史的完美結(jié)合。根據(jù)句意這里應填入的為褒義詞,所以選項B符合語境。

12.單選題

Thescientistshavemadean（

）studyofthevirusesthatcausethedisease.

問題1選項

A.exhausted

B.exhausting

C.exhaustive

D.exhaustion

【答案】C

【解析】形近詞辨析。句意:科學家對引起該疾病的病毒進行（

）研究。

Exhausted精疲力竭的，耗盡的，用完的；exhausting使筋疲力盡的,使耗盡的;exhaustive詳盡的，徹底的;exhaustion枯竭，耗盡。因此C項exhaustive符合句意。

13.單選題

Variousinnovationshavebeenintroducedaswaystobreakoffoursystemwhichforcesstudentsthroughaseriousofidenticalclassroomsinwhichteachersdomostofthetalkingandstudentshavelittleopportunitytorespond.Amongtheseinnovationsareteamteachingandteachingaides,non-gradedelementaryandsecondaryschools,independentstudy,curriculafocusedonhelpingstudentsdiscoverthingsforthemselvesratherthanontryingtotellthemeverything,andschoolsdesignedformaximumflexibilitysothatstudentscanworkalone,orinsmallgroups,ortakepartinlarge--groupinstructionviadiversemedia.Theaimofalltheseinnovationsistoadaptinstructionmorepreciselytotheneedsofeachindividualstudent.Manypeoplewhohaveastrongdisliketoorganizinginstructionscientificallyandtobringingnewtechnologyintotheschoolsandcollegesfailtorealizethatthepresentsystemisinmanyrespectsmechanicalandrigid.Thevastdifferencesinthewaysstudentslearnaredisregardedwhentheyaretaughtthesamething,inthesameway,atthesametime.Thereisnoescapingtheevidencethatmanystudentsthemselvesfeellittleenthusiasmandevenoutrighthostilityforthepresentwayschoolsandcollegesareorganizedandinstructionishandled.Manyofthemresenttechnology,butwhattheyobjecttoisusuallytechnologyusedasameansforhandlingalargenumberofstudents.Oritisprogrammingwhichmerelyreproducesconventionalclassroomrespondsandlearns,reachingnewplateausfromwhichtoclimbtohigherlevelsofunderstanding.Technologicalmediacanstoreinformationuntilitisneededorwanted.Theycandistributeitoverdistancestoreachthestudentswherehehappenstobe.Theycanpresenttheinformationtothestudentthroughvarioussenses.Theycangivethestudenttheopportunitytoreacttothematerialinmanyways.Inshort,thestudents’opportunitiesforlearningcanbeincreasedandenhancedbyusingawiderangeofinstructionaltechnology.Alltheavailableresourcesforinstruction,includingtheteachers,canworktogethertocreateconditionsformaximumeffectivelearning.

1.Theauthorismainly