2017年英語專業(yè)四級真題及答案III.語言知識：Bcombinationoftechniquesauthorsuse,allstories---fromthebriefestanecdotestothelongestnovelshaveaplot.RegardingB.Whatever.C.InsofarasD.NomatterShefollowedthereceptionistdownaluxuriouscorridortoacloseddoor,Bthewomengaveaquickknockbeforeopeningit..whereinB.onwhichC.butwhenD.thenMsEnnabisoneofthefirstPalestinianCwithsevenyears'racingexperience.womandriversB.womendriverC.womendriversD.womandriver“IwonderedifIcouldhaveawordwithyou.”Thepasttenseinthesentencereferstoa_B_.A.pasteventforexacttimereferenceB.presenteventfortentativenessC.presenteventforuncertaintyD.pasteventforpoliteness“IfIwereyou,Iwouldn'twaittoproposetoher.”Thesubjunctivemoodinthesentenceisusedto_D.A.alleviatehostilityB.expressunfavorablefeelingsC.indicateuncertaintyD.makeasuggestion“It'sashamethatthecityofficialshouldhavegonebackonhisword.”ThemodalauxiliarySHOULDexpressB.AobligationBdisappointmentCfutureinthepastD.tentativenessTimothyRayBrown,thefirstmancuredofHIV,initiallyoptedagainstthestemcelltransplantationthatDhistory.A.couldhavelatermadeB.shouldhavemadelaterC.mightmakelaterD.wouldlatermake18.SomeMartianrockstructureslookstrikinglylikestructuresonEarththatareknownbymicrobes.A.havingbeencreatedB.beingcreatedC.tohavebeencreatedD.tobecreated19.Atthatmoment,withthecrowdwatchingme,Iwasnotafraidintheordinarysense,asifIAalone.B.shouldbe…B.shouldbe…h(huán)adbeenC.couldbe.wereD.mighthavebeen.wereYoumustfireCincompetentassistantofyoursA.theB.anC.thatD.whicheverSomenarrativesseemmorelikeplays,heavywithdialoguebywhichwritersallowtheirAtorevealthemselves.A.charactersB.characteristicsC.charismaDcharacterizationsIfyouintendtomeltthesnowfordrinkingwater,youcanDextrapuritybyrunningitthroughacoffeefilter.A.assureB.insureC.reassureD.ensureThedaisy-likeflowersofchamomilehavebeenusedforcenturiestoBanxietyandinsomnia.A.declineB.relieveCquenchDsuppressDespiteconcernaboutthedisappearanceofthealbuminpopularmusic,2014deliveredagreatcropofalbumC.A.publicationsBappearancesC.releasesD.presentationsTheparty'sreducedvoteinthegeneralelectionwasCoflackofsupportforitspolicies.A.revealingB.confirmingC.indicativeD.evidentHeclosedhiseyesandheldthetwoversionsofLaMappatohismind'sBtoanalyzetheirdifferences.A.visionBeyeC.viewD.sightTwelvepupilswerekilledandfiveAinjuredaftergunmenattackedtheschoolduringlunchtime.A.criticallyB.enormouslyC.greatlyD.hardA15-year-oldgirlhasbeenarrested_CaccusationsofusingInstagramtoanonymouslythreatenherhigh-school.A.overB.withC.onD.forItwasreportedthata73-year-oldmandiedonanEtihadflight__D_toGermanyfromAbuDhabi.A.boundedB.bindedC.boundaryD.boundIt'sBthecaseintheregion;astoryalwayssoundsclearenoughatadistanced,buttheneareryougettothesceneofeventsthevagueritbecomes.A.unchangeablyB.invariablyC.unalterablyD.immovablyIV.完形填空：A.alwaysB.barelyC.demiseD.emergenceE.gainedF.implicationsG.leafH.lostI.naturallyJ.objectK.oneL.onlineM.risingN.singleO.valueMILLIONSofpeoplenowrenttheirmoviestheNetflixway.Theyfilloutawishlistfromthe50,000titlesonthecompany'sWebsiteandreceivethefirstfewDVD'sinthemail;whentheymaileachoneback,thenextoneonthelistissent.TheNetflixmodelhasbeenexhaustivelyanalyzedforitsdisruptive,new-econom(31[implications.WhatwillitmeanforvideostoreslikeBlockbuster,whichhas,infact,startedasimilarservice?Whatwillitmeanformoviestudiosandtheaters?Whatdoesitshowabout"longtail"businesses--onesthatcombinemanynichemarkets,likethoseforDutchmoviesorclassicmusicals,intoa(32)singlelargeaudience?Butoneothermajorimplicationhas(33)barelybeenmentioned:whatthisandsimilarInternet-basedbusinessesmeanforthatstalwartoftheoldeconomy,theUnitedStatesPostalService.Everyday,sometwomillionNetflixenvelopescomeandgoasfirst-classmail.Theyarejoinedbymillionsofothershipmentsfrom一(34)onlinepharmacies,eBayvendors,AandotherbusinessesthatdidnotexistbeforetheInternet.The(35)demiseof"snailmail"intheageofinstantelectroniccommunicationhasbeenpredictedatleastasoftenasthecomingofthepaperlessoffice.Buttheconsumptionofpaperkeeps(36)rising.Ithasroughlydoubledsince1980.Onaverage,anAmericanhouseholdreceivestwiceasmanypiecesofmailadayasitdidinthe1970's.TheharmfulsideoftheInternet'simpactisobviousbutstatisticallylessimportantthanmanywouldguess.People(37)naturallywritefewerletterswhentheycansende-mailmessages.To(38)leafthroughaboxofoldpapercorrespondenceistoknowwhathasbeen(39)lostinthisshift:theprettystamps,thevaryinglookandfeelofhandwrittenandtypedcorrespondence,thetangible(40)objectthatwasonceinthesender'shands.V.ReadingcomprehensionSectionAPassageone(1)WhenIwasayounggirllivinginIreland,Iwasalwayspleasedwhenitrained,becausethatmeantIcouldgotreasurehunting.What'stheconnectionbetweenawetdayandasearchforburiedtreasure?Well,it'squitesimple.Ireland,assomeofyoumayalreadyknow,isthehomeofLeprechauns一littlemenwhopossessmagicpowersand,perhapsmoreinterestingly,potsofgold.（2）Now,althoughLeprechaunsareinterestingcharacters,IhavetoadmitthatIwasmoreintriguedbythestoriesoftheirtreasurehoard.This,asallofIrelandknows,theyhideattheendoftherainbow.Leprechaunscanbefearsomefolkbutifyoucandiscovertheendoftherainbow,theyhavetounwillinglysurrendertheirgoldtoyou.Sowheneveritrained,Iwouldlookupintheskyandfollowthecurveoftherainbowtoseewhereitended.Ineverdidunearthanytreasure,butIdidspendmanyhappy,showerydaysdreamingofwhatIcoulddowiththefortuneifIfoundit.（3）AsIgotolder,andstartedworking,rainydayscametobejustanothernuisanceandmychildhooddreamsoffindingtreasurefaded.Butforsomepeoplethedreamofstrikingitluckyneverfades,andforafortunatefew,thedreamevencomestrue!SuchisthecaseofMelFisher.Hisdreamoffindingtreasurealsobeganinchildhood,whilereadingthegreatliteratureclassics“TreasureIsland”and“MobyDick”.However,unlikemyself,hechasedhisdreamandintheendmanagedtobecomeoneofthemostfamousprofessionaltreasurehuntersofalltime,andforgoodreason.In1985,hefishedupthepricelesscargoofthesunkenSpanishshipAtocha,whichnettedhimanincredible$400milliondollars!（4）Aftertheshipsankin1622offthecoastofFlorida,itsmurkywatersbecameatreasuretroveofpreciousstones,goldbarsandsilvercoinsknownas“piecesofeight”.Theaptly-namedFisher,whoranacommercialsalvagingoperation,hadbeentryingtolocatetheunderwatertreasureforover16yearswhenhefinallyhitthejackpot!Hisdreamshadcometruebutfindingandkeepingthetreasurewasn'tallplainsailing.Afterbattlingwithhostileconditionsatsea,Fisherthenhadtobattleinthecourts.Infact,theStateofFloridatookFishertocourtoverownershipofthefindandtheFederalgovernmentsoonfollowedsuit.Aftermorethan200hearings,Fisheragreedtodonate20%ofhisyearlyfindingsforpublicdisplay,andsonowthereisamuseuminFloridawhichdisplayshundredsoftheobjectswhichweresalvagedfromtheAtocha.（5）Thistruestoryseemslikeamodern-dayfairytale:amanpursueshisdreamthroughadversityandintheend,hetriumphsoverthedifficulties-theyalllivehappilyeverafter,right?Well,notexactly.ArchaeologistsobjecttothefactthatwithcommercialsalvagingoperationslikeFisher's,theobjectsaresoldanddispersedandUNESCOareworriedaboutprotectingourunderwaterheritagefromwhatitdescribesas“pillaging”.（6）Thecounter-argumentisthatinprofessional,well-runoperationssuchasFisher's,eachpieceisaccuratelyandminutelyrecordedandthatitisthisinformationwhichismoreimportantthantheactualobject,andthatsuchoperationshelpincreaseourwealthofarchaeologicalknowledge.Indeed,asinFisher'scase,theymakehistorymoreaccessibletopeoplethroughmuseumdonationsandinformationonwebsites.（7）Thedistinctionofwhetherthesetreasurehuntersaresalvagingorpillagingourunderwaterheritagemaynotbeclear,butwhatisclearisthattreasurehuntingisnotjustinnocentchild'splayanymorebutprofitablebigbusiness.Ihavelearntthattheendoftherainbowisbeyondmyreach,butinconsolation,withjustaclickofthemouse,ItoocanhaveashareintherichesthattheAtochahasrevealed.AsFriedrichNietzschesowiselysaid:“Ourtreasureliesinthebeehiveofourknowledge.”InPara.4,thephrase“hitthejackpot”meansaccordingtothetext.discoveredthejackpot.foundthetreasurebrokeoneoftheobjectsranasalvagingoperationItcanbeconcludedfromParas.5and6that.peopleholdentirelydifferentviewsontheissueUNESCO'sviewisdifferentfromarchaeologists'allsalvagingoperationsshouldbeprohibitedattentionshouldbepaidtothefind'seducationalvalueHowdidtheauthorfeelaboutthetreasurefromtheAtocha（Para.7）?ShewasunconcernedaboutwherethetreasurecamefromShewassadthatshewasunabletodiscoverandsalvagetreasure.Shewasangrythattreasurehunterswerepillagingheritage.Shewasgladthatpeoplecanhaveachancetoseethetreasure.Passagetwo（1）PAULwasdissatisfiedwithhimselfandwitheverything.Thedeepestofhislovebelongedtohismother.Whenhefelthehadhurther,orwoundedhisloveforher,hecouldnotbearit.Nowitwasspring,andtherewasbattlebetweenhimandMiriam.Thisyearhehadagooddealagainsther.Shewasvaguelyawareofit.Theoldfeelingthatshewastobeasacrificetothislove,whichshehadhadwhensheprayed,wasmingledinallheremotions.Shedidnotatthebottombelievesheeverwouldhavehim.Shedidnotbelieveinherselfprimarily:doubtedwhethershecouldeverbewhathewoulddemandofher.Certainlysheneversawherselflivinghappilythroughalifetimewithhim.Shesawtragedy,sorrow,andsacrificeahead.Andinsacrificeshewasproud,inrenunciationshewasstrong,forshedidnottrustherselftosupporteverydaylife.Shewaspreparedforthebigthingsandthedeepthings,liketragedy.Itwasthesufficiencyofthesmallday-lifeshecouldnottrust.（2）TheEasterholidaysbeganhappily.Paulwashisownfrankself.Yetshefeltitwouldgowrong.OntheSundayafternoonshestoodatherbedroomwindow,lookingacrossattheoak-treesofthewood,inwhosebranchesatwilightwastangled,belowthebrightskyoftheafternoon.Grey-greenrosettesofhoneysuckleleaveshungbeforethewindow,somealready,shefancied,showingbud.Itwasspring,whichshelovedanddreaded.（3）Hearingtheclackofthegateshestoodinsuspense.Itwasabrightgreyday.Paulcameintotheyardwithhisbicycle,whichglitteredashewalked.Usuallyheranghisbellandlaughedtowardsthehouse.To-dayhewalkedwithshutlipsandcold,cruelbearing,thathadsomethingofaslouchandasneerinit.Sheknewhimwellbynow,andcouldtellfromthatkeen-looking,aloofyoungbodyofhiswhatwashappeninginsidehim.Therewasacoldcorrectnessinthewayheputhisbicycleinitsplace,thatmadeherheartsink.（4）Shecamedownstairsnervously.Shewaswearinganewnetblousethatshethoughtbecameher.Ithadahighcollarwithatinyruff,makingher,shethought,lookwonderfullyawoman,anddignified.Attwentyshewasfull-breastedandluxuriouslyformed.Herfacewasstilllikeasoftrichmask,unchangeable.Buthereyes,oncelifted,werewonderful.Shewasafraidofhim.Hewouldnoticehernewblouse.（5）He,beinginahard,ironicalmood,wasentertainingthefamilytoadescriptionofaservicegiveninthePrimitiveMethodistChapel.Hesatattheheadofthetable,hismobileface,withtheeyesthatcouldbesobeautiful,shiningwithtendernessordancingwithlaughter,nowtakingononeexpressionandthenanother,inimitationofvariouspeoplehewasmocking.Hismockeryalwayshurther;itwastoonearthereality.Hewastoocleverandcruel.Shefeltthatwhenhiseyeswerelikethis,hardwithmockinghate,hewouldspareneitherhimselfnoranybodyelse.ButMrs.Leiverswaswipinghereyeswithlaughter,andMr.Leivers,justawakefromhisSundaynap,wasrubbinghisheadinamusement.Thethreebrotherssatwithruffled,sleepyappearanceintheirshirt-sleeves,givingaguffawfromtimetotime.Thewholefamilyloveda"take-off"morethananything.ItcanbelearnedfromthebeginningthatMariam'sattitudetowardlovebetweenherandPaulis.A.indifferentB.desperateC.pessimisticD.ambiguousThenarrationinPara.3tellsusthatMiriamhadallthefollowingfeelingsexcept.A.delightB.expectationC.uncertaintyD.forebearingWhichofthefollowingstatementsiscorrectaboutthefamily'sresponsetoPaul'smockery?A.Onlytheparentsfounditentertaining.B.EverymemberexceptMarriamwasamusedC.Thebrothersfoundithardtoappreciate.D.MariamalsothoughtitwasamusingPassagethree（1）I'vewrittenthisarticleandyou'rereadingit.Sowearemembersofthesameclub.We'rebothliterate一wecanreadandwrite.Andwebothprobablyfeelthatliteracyisessentialtoourlives.Butmillionsofpeopleallovertheworldareilliterate.Eveninindustrialisedwesterncountries,suchastheUKandtheUSA,approximately20%ofthepopulationhave'lowliteracylevels'.Butwhatexactlydoesthatmean?（2）Myparentsbothleftschoolat14.Theycouldreadandwrite,butexceptforaquicklookatthedailynewspaper,readingandwritingdidn'tplayabigpartintheirlives.Therewereveryfewbooksinthehouse.Mymotherwasamazedbecausethewomanwholivednextdooralwayswrotealistofwhatsheneededbeforeshewenttothesupermarket.Whycouldn'tsheremember?Welaughedaboutthatforweeks.Ourfamilydidn'twritelists!AndwhenIwasonly14yearsoldmyfathergavemeanimportantletterthathe'dwrittentothebankandaskedmetocheckitforgrammarandspellingmistakes.Andtherewerequitealot.HeneverusuallywrotelettersorpostcardsorevenChristmascards.Sowhenhehadtowritehewasn'tcomfortableorconfident.Doesthatmeanthatmyfatherhada'lowlevelofliteracy'?Idon'tthinkso.（3）Therearelotsofdifferentdefinitionsofliteracy.Someexpertsdefineitashavingthereadingandwritingskillsthatyouneedtobeindependentinyoureverydaylife.So,forexample,ifyoucanreadinstructions,writeacheque,fillinaform,一anythingthatyouneedtodoineverydaylife一thenyouare'functionallyliterate'.（4）Otherpeoplesaythatyouareilliterateifyouthinkthatyouareilliterate.Inotherwords,ifyoufeelthatyoucan'treadorwriteaswellasyouwouldliketo.（5）Ifyouliveinasocietywheremostpeopleareliteratethenyouwillfeelashamedorembarrassedandavoidsituationsinwhichyouhavetoreadorwrite.Thefatherofafriendofminefinallyadmittedtohisfamilythathecouldn'treadwhenhewas45yearsold.Heboughtthenewspapereverydayandpretendedtoreadit-andbelieveitornot,hisfamilyhadnoidea.（6）Weoftenforgetthatwritingisarecentinvention.Manyyearsago,theword'literate'meantbeingabletocommunicatewellinspeaking,inotherwordswhatwenowcall'articulate'.Storytellingwasanimportantactivityinthepastandstillistodayinsomesocieties.Readingwasoftenaco-operativeactivity一someonewouldreadaloudtoagroup,oftenfromareligioustextsuchastheKoranortheBible.（7）Onlyahundredyearsago,intheUnitedStates,youwereconsideredtobeliterateifyoucouldsignyournametoapieceofpaper.Itwasanimportantskill.Youwerenotallowedtovoteifyoucouldn'tsignthevotingregister,soliteracywasconnectedwithpoliticalrights,andmanypeoplewereexcludedfromthedemocraticprocess.（8）Nowadaysweseereadingandwritingasbeingconnected,butthatwasn'tsointhepast.Manypeoplecouldread,butnotwrite.Writingwasaskilledprofession.Ifyouneededsomethingwrittenthenyoupaidanexperttowriteitforyou.（9）Andofcourse,richandimportantpeoplehavealwaysemployedpeopletowritethingsforthem.Importantcompanybossesdictatedletterstotheirsecretariesorpersonalassistants.Andnowwithnewcomputersoftwareyoucandictatedirectlytoyourcomputer.（10）Beingilliteratecanhaveabigeffectonpeople'slives.Forexample,astudyintheUKshowedthatpeoplewhowriteandspellbadlyareseenascareless,immatureandunreliable,andoftenunintelligent.Soitismoredifficultforthemtofindjobs,evenwhenreadingandwritingarenotnecessaryforthework.（11）World-widestatisticsshowthatliteracyproblemsareassociatedwithpovertyandalackofpoliticalpower.Morewomenthanmenareilliterate.Illiteratepeoplehaveworsehealth,biggerfamiliesandaremorelikelytogotoprison.Soliteracycampaignsmustbeagoodthing.Butdon'tforgetthatanilliterateperson,o