1、Unit 4Exploring literature Welcome to the unit & Reading詞匯知識自主學(xué)習(xí). 根據(jù)語境及漢語提示寫出正確的單詞1. _myself to research 獻(xiàn)身于研究2. a work of _一部文學(xué)作品3. _your career決定你的事業(yè)4. _qualities 重要品質(zhì)5. _of truth and beauty 對真與美的描述6. a _human _一個敏銳的人類靈魂devoteliteraturedeterminesignificantdescriptionsensitivesoul7. _the unnoticed

2、sounds呈現(xiàn)出被忽視的聲音8. a _of Tang dynasty 一位唐朝詩人9. _an interest 激起興趣10. _a thousand ships 讓一千艘船起航11. lack _不能持久12. _two _包含兩個要素13. _interest 共同的興趣14. _literature 經(jīng)典文學(xué)reflectpoetawakenlaunchpermanencecontainelementsuniversalclassic15. an _own experience 一位作者的自身經(jīng)歷16. the important _重要的問題17. Charles Dickens

3、 _查爾斯狄更斯的小說18. the _class 上層社會; 上等人19. the _between rich and poor 貧富差距authorsissuenoveluppergap. 根據(jù)語境選擇恰當(dāng)?shù)慕椤⒏痹~填空1. On their wedding, I sent my present _earnest. 2. Who knows what the future has _store for us? 3. His lecture covered a wide range _topics and I cannot sum up what he said in a few sente

4、nces. 4. I cant say fishing appeals _me very much. 5. The job will be offered to whoever is capable _performing it well. ininoftoof6. The girl was shy _the presence of strangers. 7. Since 2018, my hometown has taken _a new look. 8. _summary, I think the movie is moving, interesting, and worth spendi

5、ng time on. 9. You should draw _your own knowledge to solve these problems. 10. A great number of doctors and nurses devote themselves _our countrys medical career. inonInonto. 根據(jù)課文及漢語提示補(bǔ)全句子1. A child and a man _(正在沙灘上走, 這時) the child found a shell and held it to his ear. 2. _(讓這個孩子吃驚的不是一個新世界), but

6、the unnoticed music of the old. 3. Behind every book is a man, behind the man is the race, and _(這個種族的背后是自然和社會環(huán)境). were walking on the beach whenWhat amazed the child was not a new worldbehind the race are the natural and social environments 4. In a word, we have now reached a point _(我們希望欣賞并理解文學(xué)的階段

7、). 5. Its attraction _(更多地在于喚醒我們內(nèi)在的東西) than what it says. where we wish to enjoy andunderstand literaturelies more in what it awakens in us【詞匯串記】根據(jù)給出的構(gòu)詞規(guī)律寫出下列單詞1. -tion常構(gòu)成名詞describe v. 描述, 形容description n. 描述, 形容, 說明produce v. 產(chǎn)生 _n. 產(chǎn)品, 生產(chǎn)reflect v. 反映, 反射 _n. 反映, 反射communicate v. 交流 _n. 交流producti

8、onreflectioncommunication2. -itive常構(gòu)成形容詞, 表示“的”sense n. &v. 感覺sensitive adj. 感覺敏銳的, 體貼的compete v. 比賽, 競賽 _adj. 競爭的define v. 下定義 _adj. 決定性的, 最后的add v. 添加 _adj. 附加的; n. 添加劑; 附加物competitivedefinitiveadditive閱讀精析合作學(xué)習(xí)Task 1框架宏觀建構(gòu): 整體理解1. Skim the passage and fill in the blanks. 2. What is the text type o

9、f the passage? A. Narration (記敘文). B. Practical Writing(應(yīng)用文). C. Expository Writing(說明文). D. Argumentative Essay (議論文). 答案: C3. Whats the main idea of this passage? The passage is mainly about the _of literature. qualitiesTask 2文本微觀剖析: 細(xì)節(jié)探究1. Choose the best answer. (1)Whats the purpose of the story

10、 in Paragraph 1? A. To amuse the readers. B. To kill the time. C. To introduce the topic. D. To praise the man. (2)Why does the author give the example of a poet? A. To ask us to care the truth and beauty of literature. B. To ask us to read more poems written by the poet. C. To stop to look at the d

11、ead grass and write poems. D. To stop to talk with a sensitive human soul. (3)Why does the author give the example of Faustus? A. To appeal us to read the stories about him. B. To seek the answer to his question. C. To prove that Helen is a beauty and hero. D. To tell that literature can bring reade

12、rs imagination. (4)According to the author, good literature _. A. reflects the authors life and experienceB. reflects the basic of human natureC. describes the truth and beautyD. contains at least two elements答案: (1)(4)CADB2. Reread the passage and fill in the blanks. The wonder of literatureBenefit

13、s*appeal to the ear or (1) _; *discover a new world of (2) _and magic; *enjoy and (3) _literature(4) _*describe the truth and beauty; *arouse peoples feelings and (5) _; *last for a long timeSignificance*express life; *record mans (6) _and feelings; *record the humans historyheartdreamsunderstandQua

14、litiesimaginationthoughts3. Long sentence analysis. 譯文: 簡單地說, 我的意思就是, _, 我都會_; 無論我_, 我都會_; 無論目標(biāo)大還是小, 我_。無論我在生活中嘗試做什么竭盡全力去把它做好專心做什么完全地投入一直都非常認(rèn)真譯文: 有些真與美_, 直到一個敏銳的人類靈魂讓它們引起我們的注意, 這就_。一直不為人所察覺正如貝殼把那些被人忽視的聲音呈現(xiàn)出來一樣譯文: 當(dāng)克里斯托弗馬洛筆下的浮士德博士當(dāng)著海倫的面問道: “_”他便打開了一扇門, 通過這扇門, _這就是讓一千艘船起航的那張面孔嗎?我們的想象力抵達(dá)了一個充滿愛、美和英雄主義的新

15、世界。Task 3閱讀思維升華: 主題實踐1. Are all the works of literature good literature? Why? (Critical Thinking批判性思維)_2. What qualities do you think good literature should have? (Creative Thinking創(chuàng)造性思維)_No. Good literature must reflect the most basic of human nature.Interesting; inspiring; full of emotions; promot

16、ing truth, kindness andbeauty.要點精研探究學(xué)習(xí)1. devote oneself to 致力于, 獻(xiàn)身于*The old woman has devoted herself to creating a peaceful life. 這位老婦人致力于創(chuàng)造一種安寧的生活。*He devoted all his free time to reading literature. 他把所有的業(yè)余的時間都用來讀文學(xué)作品了。*She was devoted to helping others throughout her life until she passed away.

17、她一生致力于幫助他人, 直到她去世。*We appreciated his devotion of time and money to the project. 我們感謝他為這個項目投入的時間和金錢。【詞塊積累】(1)devote sth. to把用于be devoted to (to為介詞)致力于, 獻(xiàn)身于(2)devotion n. 奉獻(xiàn); 獻(xiàn)身; 忠誠 (3)devoted adj. 獻(xiàn)身的, 忠誠的【小詞匯大文化】 Keep loyal and devoted to the last. 鞠躬盡瘁, 死而后已。(該句出自三國時期諸葛亮的后出師表, 指勤勤懇懇, 竭盡心力, 到死為止。【即

18、學(xué)活用】(1)語法填空。Yuan Longping has devoted his life to _(develop) a new kind of rice called super-hybrid rice. Deeply touched by the professors _(devote) to work, he felt at a loss what to say. (2020新高考全國卷) Uncle Li is responsible and _(devote) to his job. developingdevotiondevoted(2) Im determined to go

19、 back to my hometown after graduation and _. 我決定畢業(yè)后回到家鄉(xiāng), 為家鄉(xiāng)的建設(shè)貢獻(xiàn)自己的一份力量。devote myself to building my hometown2. appeal vi. 有吸引力, 申訴, 呼吁 n. 吸引力, 申訴, 呼吁*(2019全國卷) In addition, most newspapers had little in them that would appeal to a mass audience. 此外, 大多數(shù)報紙幾乎沒有吸引大眾讀者的內(nèi)容。*They never appealed to us fo

20、r mercy. 他們從不向我們乞求憐憫。*The community is appealing to everyone to save water. 社區(qū)呼吁每個人節(jié)約用水。* We made an appeal to the villagers for money to build the bridge. 為建造這座橋, 我們呼吁村民捐款。【詞塊積累】(1)appeal to sb. /sth. 吸引/迎合某人或某物appeal to sb. (for sth. )向某人申請(某物)appeal (to sb. ) to do sth. 呼吁(某人) 做某事make an appeal t

21、o sb. for sth. 為某事向某人發(fā)出呼吁(2)appealingadj. 有吸引力的, 吸引人的【即學(xué)活用】(1)語法填空。Dus unique voice appeals especially _young people. The design _(appeal) to all the ages and social groups is not easy to make. There was a sense of humour to what he did that I found very _(appeal). (2) Jack sincerely _. 杰克真切地向朋友請求支持

22、。toappealingappealingappealed to his friends to support him3. determine vt. 確定; 決定 vi. 下決心*(2019全國卷) Thus, the keyboard can determine peoples identities. 因此, 智能鍵盤能夠識別人的身份。*He determined to travel no further that night. 他決定那天晚上不再往前走了。*We havent determined who will go with them. 我們還沒有作出決定讓誰同他們一起去。*I a

23、m determined to go and nothing will stop me. 我已決定要去, 什么也阻止不了我。【詞塊積累】(1)determine to do sth. 決定做某事determine +從句 決定(2)determined adj. 下定決心的; 堅決的be determined to do sth. 決定做某事(3)determination n. 決心, 決定【知識延伸】表示“決心, 決定”的詞和短語還有: decide, decision, make a decision, make up ones mind等【小詞匯大文化】A good year is d

24、etermined by its spring. 一年之計在于春。(這句話是中國勞動人民在千百年的生產(chǎn)實踐中總結(jié)出來的一條經(jīng)驗, 它強(qiáng)調(diào)了春在一年四季中所占的重要位置。意指一年的計劃要在春天考慮安排。比喻凡事要早做打算, 開頭就要抓緊。【即學(xué)活用】(1)語法填空。David has got everything ready, _(determine) to do it well. Everyone concerned acted with great courage and _(determine). (2)一句多譯。他決定今年暑假到紐約旅行。(determine)_determineddet

25、erminationHe determined to travel to New York this summer holiday.He is determined to travel to New York this summer holiday.He determined that he would travel to New York this summer holiday.4. significant adj. 有重要意義的, 顯著的*(2020天津高考)As scheduled, this significant and profound ceremony took place on

26、 June 8th. 這一重大且意義深遠(yuǎn)的儀式于6月8日如期舉行。*The pairing is significant because, if successful, the two companies will have the capacity to produce the hundreds of millions of doses. 這一合作意義重大, 因為一旦成功, 兩家公司將有能力生產(chǎn)出數(shù)億劑疫苗。*Its significant for graduates to find a proper job. 對于畢業(yè)生來說, 找到一份合適的工作是很重要的。*Wearing masks i

27、s of great significance for preventing COVID-19. 戴口罩對預(yù)防新冠肺炎很重要。【詞塊積累】(1)significant=important重要的significant=meaningful有意義的(2)significance n. 重要, 重要性, 意義be of significance=be significant重要的【即學(xué)活用】(1)語法填空。From where I stand, it is _(significance) to have a purpose in life. (2)同義替換。(替換黑體部分)A proper appr

28、oach to improving your learning efficiency is very important (= _) to every student. significantof great significance5. sensitive adj. 感覺敏銳的, 體貼的, 敏感的, 靈敏的*I learned that a fish is a cold-blooded animal and therefore is very sensitive to water temperature. 我了解到魚是一種冷血動物, 因此對水溫非常敏感。*He is equipped wit

29、h a deep sense of justice and responsibility. 他具有強(qiáng)烈的正義感和責(zé)任感。*Afterwards, I felt a great sense of relief. 后來, 我感到如釋重負(fù)。*Theres no sense in getting upset about it now. 現(xiàn)在沒有必要為這件事苦惱。【詞塊積累】(1)be sensitive to對敏感(2) sense n. 感覺, 官能, 觀念 a sense of humor/justice幽默/正義感 there is no sense in doing sth. 做某事無意義【即

30、學(xué)活用】(1)語法填空。She is very _(sense) to other peoples feelings. Good parents try to be sensitive _all their childrens needs. (2) _if you dont listen to the answer. 如果你不聽回答, 提問毫無意義。sensitivetoThere is no sense in asking questions6. reflect vt. &vi. 反映, 顯示, 映出(影像); 反射(聲、光、熱等); 沉思*The glass appears to refl

31、ect light naturally. 玻璃似乎可以自然反射光線。*The lake is calm and clear, and an old tower is reflected in the water. 湖面平靜清澈, 一座古塔倒映在水面上。*(2019全國卷) “I reflect on how my days gone and think about the rest of the week, ” he said. 他說: “我反思這一天是如何度過的, 并思考這一周剩下的時間。”*When he is alone, he is often lost in reflection.

32、當(dāng)他獨處時, 他常常陷入沉思。【詞塊積累】(1) reflect on/upon認(rèn)真思考be reflected in映出, 倒映在(2)reflection n. 反映, 表達(dá), 映像, 沉思be lost in reflection陷入沉思【巧學(xué)助記】 三圖巧解“reflect”【小詞匯大文化】Ones words reflect ones thinking. 言為心聲。(該句話的意思是言語是思想的反映, 從一個人的話里可以知道他的思想感情。所以它教導(dǎo)我們在為人處世時, 應(yīng)該時刻注意行為舉止。)【即學(xué)活用】(1)語法填空。(2020全國卷) As the small boat moved

33、gently along the river he was left speechless by the mountains being silently _(reflect) in the water. What and how we eat is the _(reflect) of our health condition. (2)同義替換。(替換黑體部分)I spent a little time thinking about (=_) my own experience. 我花了一點時間來反思我自己的經(jīng)歷。reflectedreflectionreflecting on7. capab

34、le adj. 有能力, 有才能, 能力強(qiáng)的*She proved a very capable doctor. 事實證明她是一位很有能力的醫(yī)生。*He is a student capable of solving difficult math problems. 他是一個有能力解決數(shù)學(xué)難題的學(xué)生。*They have the capability to complete the task in a week. 他們有能力在一周內(nèi)完成這項任務(wù)。【詞塊積累】(1)be capable of sth. /doing sth. 有能力做某事(2)capability n. 能力, 才能have t

35、he capability to do sth. 有能力做某事【導(dǎo)圖理詞】【即學(xué)活用】(1)語法填空。In addition, I was born to have the capability _(conduct) people. (2)同義替換。(替換黑體部分)I think Im equal to the job because I can communicate (= _) with foreigners in English. 我認(rèn)為我能勝任這份工作, 因為我能用英語與外國人交流。to conductam capable ofcommunicating8. awaken vt. &v

36、i. 喚起, 被喚起, (使)醒來*(2018天津高考) The first step in awakening senses is to stop predicting what we are going to see and feel before it occurs. 喚醒感官的第一步是在它發(fā)生之前停止預(yù)測我們將要看到和感覺到的東西。* Nature seems to be wakened from a deep sleep. 大自然好像從沉睡中被喚醒。*Mom, can you wake me up at 8: 00 tomorrow morning. 媽媽, 你明天早上8點能叫醒我嗎

37、? 【詞塊積累】awaken/waken sb. /sth. 喚醒某人/某物wake sb. up叫醒某人【易混辨析】項目詞性過去式過去分詞用法waken. &v. wokewoken可接upwakenv. wakenedwakened可接upawakev. &adj. awokeawoken不接upawakenv. awakenedawakened不接up【即學(xué)活用】(1)語法填空。Hardly had she fallen asleep when a knock at the door _(awaken) her. (2) The aim of the cruise was _in and

38、 an understanding of foreign cultures. 此次巡游旨在喚起我們對外國文化的興趣和理解。awakenedto awaken an interest9. contain vt. 包含, 含有, 容納*The diaries contained detailed account of the writers experiences in China. 這些日記詳細(xì)敘述了作者在中國的經(jīng)歷。*Food will last longer if kept in an airtight container. 如果貯藏在密封的容器里, 食物能保持比較久的時間。【巧學(xué)助記】 圖

39、解contain與includecontain(含有) Vitamin A include (包括)a ruler【即學(xué)活用】(1)語法填空。Its a medium-sized, black backpack _(contain) some reference books for my mid-term examination. (2)選詞填空(contain, include)。This book _18 passages, _three written by my head teacher. containingcontainsincluding10. summary n. 總結(jié), 概括

40、, 概要*The book ends with a brief summary. 這本書以一個簡要的歸納結(jié)束。*In summary, I argued that the testing of spoken English is both necessary and beneficial. 總之, 我認(rèn)為英語口語測試是必要的和有益的。*To sum up, I wish you could live up to the expectations of our school. 總之, 我希望你能不辜負(fù)我們學(xué)校的期望。【詞塊積累】(1)in summary總之(2)sum v. 總結(jié), 概括 n.

41、 總數(shù)to sum up/in sum總之a(chǎn) sum of一筆(3)summarize v. 總結(jié), 概述; 做總結(jié)【知識延伸】表示“總之”的短語還有: all in all, in a word, in conclusion, in short, on the whole, in sum等。【即學(xué)活用】 (1)語法填空。Please write me a _(sum) of this report. To sum _, television has both advantages and disadvantages. You have to read the passage first an

42、d then _(summary) its main idea. (2) _(一大筆錢) has been raised for the benefit of the poorly-educated children in the mountainous areas. summaryupsummarizeA large sum of money11. draw on 利用*A writer has to draw on his imagination and experience to write his books. 作家必須要利用自己的想象力和經(jīng)歷進(jìn)行創(chuàng)作。*This group of d

43、esigners drew up a plan for the project of the company. 這一組設(shè)計師為公司的項目起草了一個計劃。*At the sight of the snake, the girl drew back. 女孩一看到蛇就退縮了。【詞塊積累】draw up起草, 草擬draw back退縮, 收回draw in(火車等)進(jìn)站、到達(dá); 吸引draw out取出, (白晝)長起來, 拉長, 使暢所欲言draw near靠近, 臨近 【即學(xué)活用】用適當(dāng)?shù)慕椤⒏痹~填空。(1)The train drew _and all the passengers got o

44、ff. (2)He did not know the true story, so he drew _his imagination. (3)Its important to draw _a childs potential capacities. (4)May Day is drawing _. A celebration is held in our school. (5)Once our goals are drawn _, we should stick to them until we complete them. inonoutnearup12. A child and a man

45、 were walking on the beach when the child found a shell and held it to his ear. 一個小孩與一位男士正在海灘上散步, 突然小孩看到了一個貝殼, 他拾起貝殼并放在耳邊。【句式解構(gòu)】be doing. . . when. . . . 正在做, 這時*I was thinking of this when I heard my name called. 我正想著這件事, 這時聽到有人叫我的名字。*He was just about to dive when he saw a shark. 他剛要跳水, 突然看到了一條鯊魚。

46、*I had hardly opened the door when he called me. 我剛打開門, 他就打電話給我。【巧學(xué)助記】 含when的常用句式【名師點津】 使用had hardly done. . . when. . . 結(jié)構(gòu)時, 如果把hardly放在句首, 則句子需要用部分倒裝, 既構(gòu)成“hardly had sb. done. . . . when. . . ”結(jié)構(gòu)。【即學(xué)活用】(1)We _suddenly the storm started. 我們正在湖里游泳, 突然暴風(fēng)雨開始了。(2)Tom _his attention was caught by a bird

47、. 湯姆正要關(guān)上窗戶, 這時他的注意力被一只鳥吸引住了。(3)句式轉(zhuǎn)換。She had hardly had time to sit and have a rest when the phone rang again. =Hardly _and have a rest when the phone rang again. were swimming in the lake whenwas about to close the window whenhad she had time to sit13. What amazed the child was not a new world, but

48、the unnoticed music of the old. 使孩子感到驚奇的不是一個新的世界, 而是被人忽視的舊的音樂世界。【句式解構(gòu)】本句中what引導(dǎo)的名詞性從句作主語, 另外, 它還可以引導(dǎo)賓語從句和表語從句等。*What you said at the meeting describes a bright future for us. 您在會上所說的話, 為我們描繪了光明的未來。*A computer can only do what you have instructed it to do. 計算機(jī)只能做你命令它做的事。*Your future is in your hands.

49、 Your life is what you make of it. 你的未來就在你的手中, 生活由你創(chuàng)造。【名師點津】 what引導(dǎo)名詞性從句時, what在句中充當(dāng)主語、賓語、表語等, 一般意為“說的話/事情/樣子等”, what不可省略, 也不能用that替代。【即學(xué)活用】(1) _is enough practice. 學(xué)習(xí)英語最重要的是足夠的練習(xí)。(2) _a life-long effect on their children. 父母的一言一行都會對孩子產(chǎn)生終生的影響。(3)Country life gives him peace and quiet, _. 鄉(xiāng)村生活給了他平靜和安

50、寧, 這是他住在大城市里所不能享受的。What matters most in learning EnglishWhat parents say and do haswhich is what he cant enjoy whileliving in big cities14. Behind every book is a man, behind the man is the race, and behind the race are the natural and social environments. 每一本書的背后是一個人, 這個人的背后是某個種族, 這個種族的背后是自然和社會環(huán)境。【

51、句式解構(gòu)】“Behind every book is a man”是介詞短語放在句首的完全倒裝句。*In front of the house was a small river. 房前有一條小河。*By the side of the teaching building of our school stands the library, which was completed in 2009. 在我們學(xué)校的教學(xué)樓旁邊有一座圖書館, 它于2009年建成。*Down came the rain and up went the umbrellas. 下雨了, 傘都撐起來了。【名師點津】 完全倒裝兩

52、注意(1)介詞短語置于句首且表示強(qiáng)調(diào)或保持句子平衡時, 用完全倒裝。(2)表示時間、地點、方位或位移類副詞置于句首, 并且主語是名詞時, 用完全倒裝。【即學(xué)活用】(1) _and the class began. 老師走了進(jìn)來, 然后開始上課。(2)On the top of the mountain _, dating from the 14th century. 山頂上矗立著一座14世紀(jì)的古廟。In came the teacherstands an old temple15. In a word, we have now reached a point where we wish to enjoy and understand literature. 總之, 我們現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)到了欣