1、2021屆高考英語一輪復習閱讀理解分類練習專題06閱讀理解之七選五學與練含解析2021屆高考英語一輪復習閱讀理解分類練習專題06閱讀理解之七選五學與練含解析2021屆高考英語一輪復習閱讀理解分類練習專題06閱讀理解之七選五學與練含解析專題06閱讀理解之七選五學與練Part 1整體感知七選五題目特點文體特點高考全國卷七選五的文章體裁大都是說明文。這種文體的文章結構嚴謹、脈絡清晰、層次分明、邏輯性強,便于考生在閱讀的基礎上進行綜合理解.題目形式閱讀材料一般是一篇長度為300詞左右的短文，其中正文為240詞左右,備選項為60詞左右；七個選項都與短文相關，選項多為完整的句子，句型不一，長短不同,通常有

2、短到長，通常由短到長排列。設空方式依據挖空位置，可將5個題目分為段首、段中題和段尾題；依據句子在文中的作用，可分為“主旨概括句（涉及文章整體內容）“過渡句(反映文章結構)”和“細節注釋句(反映上下文的邏輯關系）”三個類型。根據閱讀七選五的題型特點及命題方式，我們可以從“位置”和“作用兩個角度來解題。Part 2 解題技巧段首題邏輯關系具體解讀主旨句常以段落小標題或主題句的形式出現。承上啟下句此空出的答案能夠將上段和下段的內容連貫起來.典題例證（2019.全國卷I節選） 40 While the suns rays can age and harm our skin， they also giv

3、e is beneficial Vitamin D. To make sure you get enough Vitamin D but still protect your skin - put on sunscreen right as you head outside. It takes sunscreen about fifteen minutes to start working, and thats plenty of time for your skin to absorb a days worth of Vitamin D.F。 Just as importantly, we

4、tend to associate air with health care。D。 Another side benefit of getting fresh air is sunlight.解析：本題考查的是段首句的選擇。根據設空處后提到的“the suns rays”，“ Vitamin D和“sunscreen可知,本段講述了陽光對人體的好處,因此D選項符合語境。段中題邏輯關系具體解讀例證關系前后的某句是為了證明另一句而舉的例子.例證的形式具有多樣性，思維過程基本是歸納（從例子到觀點）和推理（從觀點到例子）。常見的表示例證關系的標志性詞語有：for example，for instanc

5、e，in fact/as a matter of fact， actually， in other words/that is to say等轉折關系若空格前后兩句之間是邏輯上的逆轉,則空格處很有可能表示轉折。表示轉折關系的標志性詞語有：but， however，yet，while/though/although，or/otherwise，on the contrary, instead， nevertheless（然而),still,in contrast/comparison, by comparison等。因果關系表示因果關系的標志性詞語有:so， therefore， thus, co

6、nsequently， as a result (of), so/suchthat， so that等。遞進關系若空格前兩句之間是邏輯上的層進關系,則空格處很可能是個表示遞進關系的句子。表示遞進關系的標志性詞語有:too，also，besides，further，furthermore,moreover，likewise,similarly，whats more，whats worse，in addition，as well，to make matters worse， notbut等。并列關系表示并列關系的標志性詞語有：and，firstly， secondly; first， then/n

7、ext, finally/last; for one thing， for another thing等.典題例證（2017.全國卷II節選）If you have a door to your office， make good use of it。 40 .If someone knocks and its not an important matter. excuse yourself and let the person know youre busy so they can get the hint（暗示） than when the door is closed，youre not

8、 to be disturbed。A.If youre busy， dont feel bad about saying noB。 When you want to avoid interruptions at workC。 Set boundaries for yourself as your time goesD. If youre in the other persons office or in a public areaE。 Its important that you let them know when youll be availableF。 It might seem unk

9、ind to cut people short when they interrupt youG.Leave it open when youre available to talk and close it when youre not解析：本題考查的是對段中句的選擇。設空處的前一句建議要充分利用辦公室的門來避免受到打擾，而選項G中的it正好指代前句中的a door， 再根據選項G中的leave it open，close it以及該空后一句中的knocks等詞匯的搭配使用,可判斷答案為G。段尾題邏輯關系具體解讀總結句用于總結本段內容，常含有總結性的詞語。承上啟下句此空處的答案能夠將上段和下

10、段的內容連貫起來。閱讀七選五題型考查的實質就是文中信息點和選項信息點的對應，文中信息點與選項信息點通常以詞匯復現的方式來幫忙,所以找到復現詞匯也就找到了解題關鍵點。典題例證（2018.全國卷I節選）The large color decisions in your rooms concern the walls， ceilings， and floors 。Whether youre looking at wallpaper or paint, the time, effort and relative expense put into it are significant。 40 .A. W

11、hile all of them are useful B. Whatever youre looking for C。 If youre experimenting with a color D. Small color choices are the ones were most familiar with E。 Its not really a good idea to use too many small color pieces F。 So it pays to be sure, because you want to get it right the first time 解析：本

12、題考查的是對段尾句的選則.設空處前面的內容指出大面積的顏色設計主要涉及墻面、天花板和地板，進行選擇會花費大量的時間、精力和金錢，所以引出F項的結果，即大面積的顏色設計要一次性確定好。而設空出作為全文最后一句，也能說明其應該是總結句,而非過渡句。F選項中出現了so這一表結論性的詞,同時根據語句間的邏輯關系及語義連貫性，可知答案為F。利用詞匯復現找對應詞匯復現是為了保證文章前后銜接而經常使用的一種寫作手段，即作者在文章上下文不同的位置對同一概念進行重復描述。詞匯復現主要是指原詞復現、同源詞復現、同義詞復現、近義詞復現、反義詞復現等。通過尋找復現詞匯可迅速確定答案。利用同范疇詞找對應同范疇詞是指與詞

13、匯相關或同一領域的詞匯在文章中同時出現，達到語義銜接的目的?？忌梢栽谶x項中找到與此詞匯最接近的詞，從而達到快而準確地確定答案的目的.一般來說，上下文中詞匯聯系的越接近，其銜接關系就越緊密.利用代詞找對應英語表達中代詞出現的頻率極高.在精讀各段和各選項的過程中，一定要注意句子中出現的人稱代詞或指示代詞,特別是選項中以及空格前后句子中出現的代詞。根據代詞的單復數及其在句子中所做的成分,可以找出代詞指代的名詞或句子，從而幫助解題。it代指單數可數名詞或整個句子；they或them指點復數名詞；one代指可數名詞單數；that指代不可數名詞或整個句子；this指代單數可數名詞或句子；these或th

14、ose指代前句的復數名詞。Part 3七選五仿真組合練APerhaps you have heard the expression “When in Rome, do as the Romans do?！?So when you want to do business in France， you have to get to know French culture, make marketing plans， and run your business by local laws._1_ The French take great pride in their language, so an

15、yone who does not speak it may run the risk of being disrespected by his French colleagues or business partners.Also, another reason why learning French is important is that it is a great way to show every possible French business partner that you care and respect their countrys culture and language

16、.The first thing that you should do when meeting someone new is to shake his hand firmly and always look at the person in the eye。In social meetings with friends, kissing is common。Use first names only after being invited to。_2_ The French will sometimes introduce themselves using their surname firs

17、t, followed by their first name。Dress well._3_ Your business clothing is a reflection of your success and social status.Always try to be tasteful and stylish。Women are advised to dress simply but elegantly。Wearing make。up is practiced widely by businesswomen.The French are passionate about food， so

18、lunches are common in doing business in France， which usually consist of an appetizer, a main meal with wine, cheese, dessert and coffee, and normally take up to two hours._4_Do not begin eating until the host says “bon appetite”. Pass dishes to the left, keep wrists above the table and try to eat e

19、verything on the plate。_5_ This may suggest that you find the food tasteless。If eating in a restaurant， the person who makes an invitation always pays.ARemember to be as polite as possible。BThis is a time for relationship building。CUse Monsieur or Madame before the surname。DBe careful with adding sa

20、lt， pepper or sauces to your food.EMake an appointment with your business partner in advance.FThe French draw information about people based on their appearance.GLanguage should be the focus of anyone planning to do business in France。B(2019濟南模擬)Talking to yourself may seem a little shameful。 Accord

21、ing to the wellknown saying， talking to yourself is the first sign of madness._6_。 Talking to ourselves， whether out loud or silently in our heads， is a valuable tool for thoughts。 Far from being a sign of madness, self。talk allows us to plan what we are going to do, manage our activities, and even

22、regulate our emotions。_7_. You are very likely to hear him/her talking to himself/herself： offering himself/herself directions and giving voice to his/her frustrations. Psychologists refer to this as private speech that is spoken but directed at the self。 We do a lot of it when we are young.As child

23、ren， according to the Russian psychologist Lev Vygotsky， we use private speech to regulate our actions in the same way that we use public speech to control the behavior of others。_8_, we dont abandon this system we internalize (使內在化) it. Psychological experiments have shown that this so.called inner

24、 speech can improve our performance on tasks ranging from judging what other people are thinking to sorting images into categories._9_。 One recent study suggested that self。talk is the most effective when we address ourselves as “you rather than “I”We internalize the private speech we used as childr

25、en but we never entirely put away the loud version._10_， turn on the sports channel. Youre bound to see an athlete or two gearing themselves up with a tart phrase or scolding themselves after a bad shot.AAs we grow olderBIf you want the proofCGo with your friends to debateDBut theres no need for emb

26、arrassmentEAlthough we may think it seems silly to talk to ourselves secretlyFThe effect of our words can give us a valuable perspective on our actionsGTake a trip to any preschool and watch a small child playing with his/her toysC(2019武漢模擬）Perhaps at one point in time, it is acceptable to start any

27、 letter or e.mail with “To Whom It May Concern”_11_ Starting your cover letter or e.mail for a job this way might give the impression that you didnt do your research on who youre writing to。_12_ After all, people who address other people by their names when writing and speaking to them tend to be mo

28、re pleasant。_13_ It can be used in letters of recommendation or reference， formal complaints (抱怨) made to a company， letters of introduction, and letters of interest。Grammarly uses the example of needing to write a letter of recommendation for a colleague who will have to make several copies to dist

29、ribute to interviewers._14_ “In most cases, though， try to narrow your focus rather than cast a broad net， notes Grammarly?！癆sk yourself Who does this e.mail concern? If you can honestly answer Anyone, then feel free to use “To Whom It May Concern. （These are the things you should never say in your

30、cover letter.）If you do happen to find that using “To Whom It May Concern” is appropriate, dont make grammar mistakes， for example， letters or punctuation。_15_AHowever, it may be interesting。BThose times have changed, though.CMaking mistakes in writing will surely get you low scores.DIts also very i

31、mpersonal， and some employers might not appreciate it。EIn that circumstance, sending and receiving letters is more of a formal greeting.FYou might want to take note of other common errors you might be committing, too。GBut according to Grammarly, there are four times when its OK to use this greeting.

32、D(2019四川省綿陽市診斷性考試)Stress is so common that many people choose to ignore it.But without right management, stress can be something much more serious._16_ They allow you to continue living your life in a healthy, happy manner。BreatheThe stress。relief technique that pretty much everyones heard of, the a

33、ct of breathing nonetheless remains an important point as any when it comes to cooling down the angry blood thats raging (發怒) around your body._17_Write_18_Scribble (涂寫) your feelings onto a piece of paper。They dont even have to make sense。Just punch （按鍵） away at your computer on a day.to.day basis

34、for five or ten minutes， and you might be surprised at how light, and carefree you feel afterwards._19_Laughing allows us to take in a momentous supply of fresh oxygen from the air, stimulating (刺激) the muscles and providing our system with some healthy shock treatment that eases tension brought on

35、by stress.Laughing is something we need to do everyday to stay healthy， and is a great way to keep the bad effects of stress at bay.SleepSleep is absolutely essential for avoiding high stress levels。Everyone needs good amounts of rest, and by remaining glued (寸步不離) to a computer screen for the entir

36、e day without taking a break, your body will suffer the consequences, and stress will rise as a result._20_ACryBLaughCStress can build up in anyone.DListed here are 4 ways to cope with stress。EType away at your desk and channel your emotions into your harddrive.FTaking along， deep breath to calm yourself is medically proven to be beneficial.GTake frequent breaks away from the screen, get some sleep, and see your stress ease up。答案：A 1選G根據本段后面的內容可知，法國人為他們的語言感到驕傲,所以想在法國做生意，學習法語是很重要的.G項“任何打算在法國做生意的人都應該關注語言與下文聯系緊密，故選G。2選C結合空處前后的內容可以看出，本段就名字的使用提出了建議，而與名字的使用相關的是C項“在姓之前使用先生或夫人