1、2022年太原科技大學自考英語（二）練習題 匯總（附答案解析）第1題【單項選擇題】【概括大意】Two major findings have emerged from these researches. Firstly, the greater part of the development of observed intelligence occurs in the earliest years of life. It is estimated that 50 percent of measurable intelligence at age 17 is already predictabl

2、e by the age of four. Secondly, he most important factors in the environment are language and psychological aspects of the parent-child relationship. Much of the difference in measured intelligence between privileged and disadvantaged children may be due to the latters lack of appropriate verbal sti

3、mulation and the poverty of their perceptual experiences.The main idea of this paragraph is.A、Two Major Changed View of IntelligenceB、Many of the differences in measured intelligenceC、Main Results of Recent ResearchesD、Impact on School Education【正確答案】c【答案解析】本段文字的第一句話就把其內容點的很清楚，要介紹的是：Two major findin

4、gs have emerged from these researches.而選項 C 中的 Main Results 只不 過是major findings的另一種說法而已。第2題【單項選擇題】【閱讀判斷】The UK is portioned at No. 29, a much lower position chiefly because of the social and family breakdown recorded in official statistics. The US, which has the second highest per capita GDP（人均國內生產總

5、值）after Luxembourg, took the 13th place in the survey. China was in the lower haft of the league at 60th. Q: The United 這么多的錢去做。兩句之間有隱含的邏輯關系。第18題【單項選擇題】【2009.7 An employee has perfect reliability if he always does his work.A、personallyB、scarcelyC、respectivelyD、responsibly【正確答案】D【答案解析】此題考查副詞意義區分?！咀g文】

6、如果一個員工做工作總是認真負 責，他就是完全可信賴的。【詳細解答】A親自地；B幾乎不；C個別地；D可靠 地第19題【單項選擇題】2008.04 New drivers are far more to have accidents than experienceddrivers.A、possibleB、likelyC、probableD、unlikely【正確答案】B【答案解析】此題考查形容詞辨析。句子翻譯：新司機比起有經驗的老司機出交 通事故的可能性要大得多。A.可能（發生、存在）的；B.有可能be likely to ; C.大概的、可能的;D不可能的 應用舉例：門I do everythi

7、ng possible to help you.我會盡一切可能幫助你。He is likely to arrive a bit late.他有可能會晚至U會 兒。第20題【單項選擇題】10閱讀選擇Do you think sitting and studying all the time will improve your grades? Think again. Getting some exercise may help, too. New research with older people suggests that taking regular walks helps them pa

8、y attention better than if they didnt exercise.Walking regularly helps elderly people.A、lose weightB、become happierC、concentrate betterD、look younger【正確答案】c【答案解析】同義詞替換有題干替換、選項替換。第21題【單項選擇題】【I閱讀選擇】The other side of a state legal apparatus is a state military apparatus. While the one protects the indi

9、vidual from violence, the other sacrifices the individual to violence in the interests of the state. In war the state affirms supreme power over the individuals within its own borders. War is not simply a trial by combat to settle disputes between states; it is the moment when the state makes its mo

10、st powerful demands upon its people for their commitment, allegiance, and supreme sacrifice. The word “allegiance” is closest in meaning to.A、loyaltyB、objectiveC、survivalD、motive【正確答案】A【答案解析】解此題可用同類詞關系進行判斷。在allegiance前后的兩個詞分別 是commitment和sacrifice,應能判斷出這三個詞相對于國家而言是同一類詞， 再利用排除法，不難選出正確答案A。第22題【單項選擇題】1

11、12008.04 New drivers are far more to have accidents than experienceddrivers.A、possibleB、likelyC、probableD、unlikely【正確答案】B【答案解析】此題考查形容詞辨析。句子翻譯：新司機比起有經驗的老司機出交 通事故的可能性要大得多。A.可能（發生、存在）的；B.有可能be likely to ; C.大概的、可能的；D不可能的 應用舉例：“I do everything possible to help you.我會盡一切可能幫助你。He is likely to arrive a bit

12、 late.他有可能會晚至U會 兒。第23題【單項選擇題】2010.04 We have greatly the procedure according to the chairmans suggestion.A、stimulatedB、perceivedC、obscuredD、simplified【正確答案】D【答案解析】【譯文】按照主席的提議我們已經大大地簡化了步驟?！驹囶}分析】 此題考查詞義辨析?！驹敿毥獯稹縿釉~的詞義選取。第24題【單項選擇題】It contributed to our lives.A、 saveB、savingC、have saved12D、 saved【正確答案】B

13、【答案解析】contribute to中的to是介詞，所以空格中要用動名詞的形式。第25題【單項選擇題】【填句補文】Home schooling is often more interesting than regular schools, but critics say that home-schoolers are outsiders who might be uncomfortable mixing with other people in adult life. However, most parents dont have the time or the desire to teac

14、h their children at home, so schools will continue to be where most children get their formal education.A、Critics also say that most parents are not well qualified to teach their children. B、A number of parents prefer not to send their children to school.C、Children who are educated at home are known

15、 as home-schoolers.D、Others believe they can provide a better educational experience for their children by teaching them at home.【正確答案】A【答案解析】本段大意是對home schooling提出了質疑，需要注意前面說到 了critics say，空格處與之對應的是Critics also say”。第26題【單項選擇題】After the argument she.A、trumpet outB gesture offC、stormed offD、position

16、 in【正確答案】c【答案解析】題目意思：經過爭論之后她憤然離開。storm作動詞是表示“氣呼呼 地疾走，storm off氣沖沖地離去”。13第27題【單項選擇題】【I閱讀選擇】Climate scientists are not present everywhere. Because there are so many places in the world and not enough scientists to observe all of them, theyre asking for your help in observing signs of climate change ac

17、ross the world. The citizen scientist movement encourages ordinary people to observe a very specific research interest birds, trees, flowers budding, etc, and send their observations to a giant database to be observed by professional scientists. This helps a small number of scientists track a large

18、amount of data that they would never be able to gather on their own. Much like citizen journalists helping large publications cover a hyper-local beat, citizen scientists are ready for the conditions where they live. All thats needed to become one is a few minutes each day or each week to gather dat

19、a and send it in.In All thats needed to become one. (paragraph 2) 7 what does the word one stands for ?A、a citizen journalistB、a citizen scientistC、a scientistD、a citizen【正確答案】B【答案解析】one不僅是數詞也是代詞；代詞指代的名詞或句子一般出現在代詞 的前一句，要注意區分代詞單、復數。第28題【單項選擇題】【閱讀選擇】If you enjoy looking through travel books by such fa

20、miliar authors as Arthur Frommer or Eugene Fodor, it will not surprise you to learn that travel writing has a long and venerable history. Almost from the earliest annals of recorded time individuals have found ready audiences for their accounts of journeys to strange and exotic locales.This passage

21、is mostly about.A、why people find travel writing excitingB、the literary style of three early travel writers14C、where three early travel writers went and wrote aboutD、how to write a travel book【正確答案】c【答案解析】答案選c。主旨題。聯系第一自然段和每段首句知道，本文講了三 個作家，鎖定答案B和C,結合內容，文章主要講關于他們的旅行和作品，答案 是Co第29題【單項選擇題】閱讀選擇But even if

22、 every large city purified and reused its water, we still would not have enough. Where could we turn next? To the oceans! All wed have to do to make use of the vast amount of sea-water is - remove the salt. This salt-removing process is already in use in many parts of the world.According to the pass

23、age, sea-water can be turned into fresh water byA、 heating it up.B、treating it with chemicals.taking salt out of it.drying it up.【正確答案】c【答案解析】海水之所以不能飲用就是因為它是咸的。答題依據是本段的remove the salt UP take salt out。第30題【單項選擇題】【2009.7 An employee has perfect reliability if he always does his work.A、personallyB、sca

24、rcelyC、respectivelyD、responsibly【正確答案】D【答案解析】此題考查副詞意義區分?！咀g文】如果一個員工做工作總是認真負15責，他就是完全可信賴的。【詳細解答】A親自地；B幾乎不；C個別地；D可靠 地第31題【單項選擇題】閱讀選擇I recognized that the sites such as Associated Content can provide a fertile ground for learning how to become a better writer. I could see that this was an open door for

25、systematically learning some basic writing skills without paying college tuition for classes and leaving the comfort of my own home. In the eyes of the author, the site Associated Content.A、offers you a lot of novels to readB、is good for your becoming a writerC、asks you to study writing regularlyD、i

26、s rather expensive but convenient【正確答案】B【答案解析】答案選 B。根據本段的.can provide a fertile ground for learning how to become a better writer確定B答案。其余選項與原文意思不符。A與D選項所表 達內容在文中并未提及，可以被排除。C選項中regularly 一詞并未在文中得到體 現。第32題【單項選擇題】【概括大意】Many of lifes failures, the supreme innovator said, are people who did not realize h

27、ow close they were to success when they gave up. Before that magical moment in October 1879, Edison had worked out no fewer than 3,000 theories about electric light, but in only two cases did his experiments work.The main idea of this paragraph is.A、Importance of learning from failureB、Never a succe

28、ssful man gives upC、It is important to fail for a successful manD、EdisonS comment on failure16【正確答案】D【答案解析】通過應用局部可以看出這段文字的主題是愛迪生對失敗的評論。因此選擇Do第33題【單項選擇題】【填句補文】There is a difference between science and technology. . Science has to do with discovering the facts and relationships between observable phen

29、omena in nature and with establishing theories that serve to organize these facts and relationships; technology has to do with tools, techniques, and procedures for applying the findings of science.A、Another distinction between science and technology has to do with the progress in each.We are all fa

30、miliar with the improper use of technology.C、Unlike science, progress in technology must be measured in terms of the human factor.D、Science is a method of answering theoretical questions; technology is a method of solving practical problems.【正確答案】D【答案解析】第一句總述了科學和技術是有差異的。缺空后是對兩者的分述，因 此缺空處也應是對兩者的分述，應選

31、D。第34題【單項選擇題】閱讀選擇Rhythm in literature is a more or less regular occurrence of certain elements of writing: a word, a phrase, an idea, a sound, or a grammatical construction. We are also accustomed to this recurrence in the alternate heavy and light beats in music. Our love for rhythm seems to be inn

32、ate: witness the responses of a small child to lively music. Children love to beat on toy drums or empty boxes. They stamp their feet and chant nursery rhymes or nonsense syllables, not unlike primitive dancers. As children grow older, they are taught to restrain their responses17 to rhythm, but our

33、 love of rhythm remains. We live in rhythms; in fact we are governed by rhythms.According to the passage, an adult/s reaction to rhythm in music would probably be.A、uninhibitedB、indifferentC、restrainedD、responsible【正確答案】c【答案解析】該題的解題依據在本段結尾局部As children grow older, they are taught to restrain their r

34、esponses to rhythm”。作者講：隨著孩子的年齡逐漸增大, 大人就會教他們抑制對節奏的反響，等他們長大之后，他們對音樂節奏的反響, 更可能受到抑制。第35題【單項選擇題】【閱讀判斷】Technology is a beauty. We eagerly adopt its pleasure, preferring to cope with the drawbacks on the morning a代er.Q: Technology is like an art, which everybody including scientists loves.A、TrueB、FalseC、N

35、ot Given【正確答案】c【答案解析】答案選c。這段提到了 technology是一種美的享受，但是沒有說它 是一種藝術，更沒有說我們每個人都熱愛這門藝術。第36題【單項選擇題】【2009.7 The wounded soldiers would recover quickly if they were well. A、nourishedB、stuffedC tamed18D、ventured【正確答案】A【答案解析】此題考查過去分詞意義區分。譯文：如果受傷的戰士營養很好，他 們就會很快痊愈。A營養，滋養；B填滿，塞滿；C馴服（猛獸）；D冒險第37題【單項選擇題】【閱讀判斷】Over th

36、e weekend, Hillary Rodham Clinton, wife of former president Bill Clinton, announced her run for 2008 presidency. This is partly due to the biased thinking that women are weak on national security, though they might be strong on education and health care. This damages their prospects as a presidentia

37、l contender.Q: One of Hillarys campaign promises is to reform the nations health care system.A、TrueB、FalseC、Not Given【正確答案】c【答案解析】答案選C。問題句說Hillary的一個競選承諾是改革國家的醫療制度 而本段只是說女人做教育和醫療方面的工作有優勢，沒有說Hillary的一個競選 承諾式改革國家的醫療制度，因此問題句的信息在文章中沒有被提到。第38題【單項選擇題】【填句補文】David Guterson and his wife teach their three chi

38、ldren at home. Guterson says that his children learn very differently from children in school:. For example, when there is heavy snowfall on a winter day, it may start a discussion or reading about climate, snow removal equipment, Alaska, polar bears （北極熊）,and winter tourism. A spring evening when t

39、he family is out watching the stars is a good time to ask questions about satellites and the space program.A、Some parents prefer teaching their children at home because they do not believe that public schools teach the correct religious values.19States of America is among the top 10 countries in the

40、 survey.A、TrueB、FalseC、Not Given【正確答案】B【答案解析】答案選Bo問題句說“美國位于前十個國家的行列。The US, which has the second highest per capita GDP （人均國內生產總值）after Luxembourg, took the 13th place in the survey.該句說美國的人均國內生產總值排名第2,僅位于盧森 堡之后，因此美國在這項調查中位于第13位?！憋@然問題句的說法與該句的說法 不一致，因此判斷問題句錯誤。第3題【單項選擇題】【I閱讀選擇】Demands for stronger prot

41、ection for wildlife in Britain sometimes hide the fact that similar needs are felt in the rest of Europe. Studies by the Council of Europe, of which 21 counties are members, have shown that 45 per cent of reptile （爬行類的）species and 24 per cent of butterflies are in danger of dying out.Recent studies

42、by the council of Europe have indicated that.A、wildlife needs more protection only in Britain.B、all species of wildlife in Europe are in danger of dying out.there are fewer species of reptiles and butterflies in Europe than elsewhere. D、 many species of reptiles an butterflies in Europe need protect

43、ing.【正確答案】D【答案解析】答案選Do本段的第二個句子是這么說的：有21個國家組成的歐 洲委員會的研究說明，45%的爬行動物和24%的蝴蝶瀕臨滅絕。由此可見，D是 正確的答案。第4題【單項選擇題】2009.04 Ive got the order from the boss that the work finished before5 p.m. today.Learning starts with the childrens interests and questions.C Interestingly, results show that home-schooled children

44、quite often do better than average on national tests in reading and math.D、Critics also say that most parents are not well qualified to teach their children. 【正確答案】B【答案解析】此空要填的是home-schoolers與其他孩子學習的不同點，因此選B。第39題【單項選擇題】【I閱讀選擇】We are so used to our life on the surface of the earth that it can be quit

45、e an effort for our mind to break free of all the ideas that we take for granted. Because we can feel that things are heavy, we think of weight as being a fixed quality in an object, but it is not really fixed at all. If you could take a one-pound packet of butter 4, 000 miles out from the earth, it

46、 would weigh only a quarter of a pound.How much would four pounds of tea weigh if it was taken 4,000 miles out from the surface of the earth?A、1 pound.B、2 pounds.C、3 pounds.D、4 pounds.【正確答案】A【答案解析】此題問的是一磅茶如果被帶出離地球外表4000英里的地方，重量 會是多少？ 4000這個數字比擬關鍵，因為在本段最后一句中出現了這個詞，一 看該句 If you could take a one-pound

47、packet of butter 4, 000 miles out from the earth, it would weigh only a quarter of a pound.只是把名詞換了一下,很顯然答案 就是變成原來重量的四分之一，因此正確答案是A。第40題【單項選擇題】【閱讀選擇】We are so used to our life on the surface of the earth that it can be quite an effort for our mind to break free of all the ideas that we take for grante

48、d.20Because we can feel that things are heavy, we think of weight as being a fixed quality in an object, but it is not really fixed at all. If you could take a one-pound packet of butter 4, 000 miles out from the earth, it would weigh only a quarter of a pound.How much would four pounds of tea weigh

49、 if it was taken 4,000 miles out from the surface of the earth?A、1 pound.B、2 pounds.C、3 pounds.D、4 pounds.【正確答案】A【答案解析】此題問的是一磅茶如果被帶出離地球外表4000英里的地方，重量 會是多少？ 4000這個數字比擬關鍵，因為在本段最后一句中出現了這個詞，一 看該句 If you could take a one-pound packet of butter 4, 000 miles out from the earth, it would weigh only a quarte

50、r of a pound.只是把名詞換了一下,很顯然答案 就是變成原來重量的四分之一，因此正確答案是A。第41題【單項選擇題】【概括大意】Many of lifes failures, the supreme innovator said, are people who did not realize how close they were to success when they gave up. Before that magical moment in October 1879, Edison had worked out no fewer than 3,000 theories abo

51、ut electric light, but in only two cases did his experiments work.The main idea of this paragraph is.A、Importance of learning from failureB、Never a successful man gives upC、It is important to fail for a successful manD、EdisonS comment on failure【正確答案】D【答案解析】通過應用局部可以看出這段文字的主題是愛迪生對失敗的評論。因 此選擇Do21第42題【

52、單項選擇題】A good worker in a key spot could, so as he kept up production, take all thecoffee breaks he wanted.A、longB、shortC、muchD、little【正確答案】A【答案解析】so long as：只要。是固定搭配。第43題【單項選擇題】【填句補文】Its now socially acceptable, even fashionable, to live alone. As people get better jobs and become financially indepe

53、ndent, it becomes possible for them to maintain a one-person household. However, people who do get married are marrying at a later age and divorcing more often.A、Theres more pressure to get married nowadays.B The growing number of women with good jobs has done much to increase the number of people l

54、iving alone.It seems that many grown-ups today are realizing that childhood dream.D、More and more Americans are living alone.【正確答案】B【答案解析】前句中提到“經濟獨立有可能造成保持一個人的家庭生活，B中的 婦女有好的工作，增加了單身的人數與前句內容正好呼應。第44題【單項選擇題】【I閱讀羋U斷】Technology is a beauty. We eagerly adopt its pleasure, preferring to cope with the draw

55、backs on the morning after.Q: Technology is like an art, which everybody including scientists loves.22A、TrueB、FalseC、Not Given【正確答案】c【答案解析】答案選c。這段提到了 technology是一種美的享受，但是沒有說它 是一種藝術，更沒有說我們每個人都熱愛這門藝術。第45題【單項選擇題】【閱讀選擇】Secondary school had its own share of challenges. I was a tall kid and wasnt good at

56、any sport, except looking. I loved basketball and tennis. The first day I held a racket, and I was disgraced by my opponent. He won six straight sets without sweat and there I was, sweating badly like Id run a marathon, whereas I hadn/t even made a single point.Stanley was disgraced by his classmate

57、 in a.A、basketball gameB、tennis gameC marathon gameD、football game【正確答案】B【答案解析】答案選Bo詞義理解和事實細節題。通過關鍵詞disgrace,考生可 迅速定位至本段，再通過本段的關鍵詞racket,可以判定正確答案是網球比賽。第46題【單項選擇題】The new discovery be of great service to mankind.A、is bound toB、is bound forC、be bound toD、be bound for【正確答案】A【答案解析】be bound to：注定要，一定會。此題

58、中主語是The new discovery,23所以謂語動詞要用iSo句意：這項新發現對于人類必定大有用處。第47題【單項選擇題】【填句補文】All children in the United States have to receive an education, but the law does not say they have to be educated at school. A number of parents prefer not to send their children to school. There are about 300,000 home-schoolers

59、in the United States today.A、Critics also say that most parents are not well qualified to teach their children.In some countries, however, children are educated by their parents.Learning starts with the childrens interests and questions.D、Children who are educated at home are known as home-schoolers

60、.【正確答案】D【答案解析】后文出現了 home-schoolers,根據選項，這里應該是對這個詞的定 義，因此選D。第48題【單項選擇題】2008.04 The cloth had a natural look which perfectly the image Laurasought.A、turned outB、set downC、thought overD、coincided with【正確答案】D【答案解析】此題考查短語意義辨析。這塊布料看起來很自然，與勞拉尋找的樣 式完全相符。A.關閉；B.制定、放下；D.與相同、與相符。第49題【單項選擇題】There is a deadlock（