1、一、現在完成時的用法：過去某時發生的動作到目前為止這個動作已經完成或剛剛完成。如：1） I have finished my homework.我做完家庭作業了。（過去某時開始做， 到現在已完成）2）He has already come 他已經來了。（過去某時開始離開某地到這來，現 在已在這。）表示動作發生在過去并延續到現在。如：1） I have studied English for six years.我已經學了六年英語了。（六年前開始學英語，一直學到現在，也可能繼續學也可能就此不學了。）2） I have lived in She nya ng si nee 1990.我從 1990

2、 年就在沈陽住。（從1990年開始住在沈陽一直住到現在，也可能繼續住也可能就此為止。）二、現在完成時的結構1） 肯定式：主語+ have / has +過去分詞2） 否定式：主語+ have / has + not +過去分詞3）般疑問式Have / Has + 主語+過去分詞4）特殊疑問式特殊疑問詞+have/has+主語+過去分詞三、現在完成時的時間狀語 現在完成時常用的時間狀語包括“now, today, toni ght, this week, this year;already, yet,just,|Rece ntly etc ”。例如：I have had a dog now 我現

3、在有一個小狗了We have lear ned about 3000E nglish wordsby the end of this term.到上學期末我們已經學了 3000個英語單詞。I haven t heared from h im recently . 最近我沒收至U他的信.。 注意1）當表示一段時間，現在完成時可以用 for或since引導的狀語。 例如：I ve known Li Li for 4 years .我認識麗麗已經4年了。I have worked here since 8 years ago. 自從 8 年前我就在這工作。 注意2）當在肯定陳述句中含有already

4、或just時，在轉換成否定句時，要把句中的already或just去掉，在句末加上yet.例如：I have already seen the film. I haven t seen the film yet. He has just come.He hasn t come yet?四、使用時注意事項1.“have/ has got ”形式上是一種完成時，但和have/ has為同一意思“有” 例如： Have you got pen-friends? Yes, I have.你有筆友嗎？是的，我有。Has he got a lot of work to do? No, he hasn t.

5、他有許多工作要做嗎？不，他沒有。2. have/has gone to have/ has gone to have/ has bee n to have/ has bee n in、have/has been to和 have/has been in 的區別。去了，在去某地的路上或在某地，人還未回來 曾經去過，人已經回來了已經在，常與一段時間連用He has bee n to She nya ng before.他以前曾去過沈陽。He has bee n in She nyang for ten years.他在沈陽 10 年了。Has he gone to She nyang? 他去沈陽了

6、嗎？have/ has been to常和 once, twice, never, ever 連用；have/ has gone to 則不可。例如：Has Tom ever been to Paris?湯姆去過巴黎嗎？Yes, he s been there several times.是的，他去過好幾次了。Where have they gon e? 他們去哪里了？They ve gone to Shenyang.他們去沈陽了。4 非延續性動詞（或稱作終止性動詞）不能用“現在完成時+表示一段時間的狀 語”的句型中。這類動詞有： come, go, start, leave, die, bu

7、y, fini sh, join, borrow, stop等。但它們能夠用表示持續狀態的相應的延續性動詞替換句中的終止性 動詞。例如： arrive, come be here,be in buy havebeg in, sta rt be on ；get to know knowdie be deadget up be upfall asleep be asleepleave, move be away ； be out offini sh, end be overgo out be outjoi n be inborrowkeepfini sh/e nd be overope n be

8、ope nclose be closedjoin be a member of練習Kate s never seen Chinese films ， ?A. hasn t sheB. has she C. isn t sheD. is she-Ann has gone to Shanghai.-So her parents.A. has B. had C. did D. have-Mum, may I go out and play basketball?you your homework yet?A. Do ；finishB. Are ；finishingC. Did ；finishD. H

9、ave ；finished- you anywhere before?-Yes, but I can t remember where IA. Did ；surf ；surfedB. Have ； surfed ；surfed C. Did ；surf ；havesurfed D. Have ；surfed ；have surfedHis brother has been to Stone Forest twicehe came to Yunnan.A. after B. before C. since D. forTomthe CD player for two weeks.A. has l

10、ent B. has borrowed C. has bought D. has hadIa letter from him since he left.A. didn t receiveB. haven t got C. didn t have D. haven theard-Have you everBeijing to see the Forbidden City?-Yes, I have.A. went to B. gone to C. been in D. been toMy parents Shangdong for ten years.A. have been in B. hav

11、e been to C. have gone to D. have beenI won t go to the concert because I my ticket.A. lost B. don t lose C. have lost D. is coming Where is Mr Liu? - Hethe library.A. has been to B. has gone to C. has been in D.has wentThe cleaners have cleaned the streets, ?A. so they B. don t theyC. have they D.

12、haven t theyI like Beijing. I there three times.A. went B. go C. have been D. have goneWe came to Shanghai three years ago, so wehere for two years.A. have been to B. have been in C. have been D. have gone- How longyou your exam paper? - About three months.A. did ；buyB. have ；get C. have ；had D. have ；boughtHe tells me he China for over eight years.A. has been B. has been in C. has been to D. has gone tohas Mr. Brown been a member of the party since heto China?A. How soon ；comes B. How often ； got C. How long ；came D. How f ar ； arrivedHis