1、天然藥物化學(xué)專業(yè)英語詞匯中藥traditionalChinesedrug生藥crudedrug草藥medicinalherb民族藥ethnicdrug地產(chǎn)藥材nativedrug道地藥材famous-regiondrug中成藥Chinesepatentmedicine海洋生藥學(xué)marinepharmacognosy藥用植物學(xué)medicinalbotany植物化學(xué)phytochemistry植物化學(xué)分類學(xué)plantchemotaxonomy生藥拉丁名Latinnameofcrudedrug學(xué)名scientificname來源source混淆品adulterant類同品allieddrug偽品co

2、unterfeitdrug代用品substitute摻偽adulteration天然產(chǎn)物naturalproduct化學(xué)成分chemicalconstituent有效成分effectiveconstituent主成分mainconstituent活性成分activeconstituent莽草酸途徑shikimicacidpathway乙酸一丙二酸途徑acetate-malonatepathway乙酸-甲瓦龍酸途徑acetate-mevalonatepathway單糖monosaccharide戊糖pentose己精hexose庚糖heptose辛糖octose脫氧糖deoxysaccharid

3、e,deoxysugar咲喃糖furanose吡喃糖pyranose寡糖oligosaccharide二糖disaccharide三糖trisaccharide四糖tetrasaccharide五糖pentosaccharide多糖polysaccharide淀粉starch樹膠gum果膠pectin半纖維素hemicellulose纖維素cellulose甲殼質(zhì)chitin肝素heparin硫酸軟骨素chondroitinsulfate玻璃酸hyaluronicacid直鏈淀粉amylose支鏈淀粉amylopectin糖原glycogen費林試驗Fehlingtest苷glycoside糖

4、雜體heteroside苷元aglycone苦杏仁酶emulsin氰苷cyanogenicglycoside,cyanogeneticglycoside酚苷phenolicglycoside多酚polyphenol醛苷aldehydeglycoside醇苷alcoholicglycoside吲哚苷indoleglycoside樹脂醇苷resinolglycoside硫苷thioglycoside呫噸酮xanthone呫噸酮苷xanthonoidglycoside蔥酉醌anthraquinone蔥酉醌苷anthraquinoneglycoside蔥酚anthranol氧化蔥酚oxanthrano

5、l蔥酮anthrone二蔥酮dianthrone羥基蔥酉醌hydroxyanthraquinone博恩特雷格反應(yīng)Borntragerreaction黃酮類flavonoid黃酮苷flavonoidglycoside黃酮flavone黃烷flavane黃酮醇flavonol黃烷酮flavanone黃烷酮醇flavanonol異黃酮isoflavone異黃烷酮isoflavanone新黃酮類neoflavonoid裂環(huán)烯醚萜苷secoiridoidglycoside木脂體lignan木脂內(nèi)酯lignanolide新木脂體neolignan木素lignin萜terpene萜類terpenoid半萜h

6、emiterpene單萜monoterpene倍半萜sesquiterpene二萜diterpene三萜triterpene四萜tetraterpene多萜polyterpene齊墩果烷oleanane揮發(fā)油volatileoil精油essentialoil鞣質(zhì)tannin鞣酸t(yī)annicacid可水解鞣質(zhì)hydrolysabletannin縮合鞣質(zhì)condensedtannin鞣酐phlobaphene鞣花鞣質(zhì)ellagitannin沒食子鞣質(zhì)gallotannin雙縮脲反應(yīng)biuretreaction脂肪fat脂肪油fattyoil去油de-fatting蠟wax環(huán)烯醚萜苷iridoidg

7、lycoside環(huán)烯醚萜iridoid裂環(huán)烯醚苷secoiridoid皂化saponification酸敗rancidity飽和脂肪酸saturatedfattyacid不飽和脂肪酸unsaturatedfattyacid有機酸organicacid樹脂resin油樹脂oleoresin樹膠樹脂gumresin香樹脂balsam香脂酸balsamicacid苷樹脂glycosidalresin苦味素bitterprinciple色素pigment微量元素traceelement生物堿alkaloid吖啶生物堿acridinealkaloid阿樸啡類生物堿aporphinealkaloid芐基異

8、喹啉生物堿benzylisoquinolinealkaloid雙芐基異喹啉生物堿bisbenzylisoquinolinealkaloid雙吲哚生物堿bisindolealkaloid咪唑生物堿imidazolealkaloid吲哚生物堿indolealkaloid吲哚聯(lián)啶生物堿indolizidinealkaloid吲哚烷胺生物堿indolylalkylaminealkaloid異喹啉生物堿isoquinolinealkaloid大環(huán)生物堿macrocyclicalkaloid嗎啡烷生物堿morphinanealkaloid羥吲哚生物堿oxindolealkaloid菲啶生物堿phenant

9、hridinealkaloid苯烷胺生物堿phenylalkylaminealkaloid哌啶生物堿piperidinealkaloid嘌吟生物堿purinealkaloid吡啶生物堿pyridinealkaloid吡咯生物堿pyrrolidinealkaloid吡咯聯(lián)啶生物堿pyrrolizidinealkaloid喹唑啉生物堿quinazolinealkaloid喹啉生物堿quinolinealkaloid喹啉聯(lián)啶生物堿quinolizidinealkaloid甾體生物堿steroidalkaloid萜類生物堿terpenoidalkaloid四氫異喹啉生物堿tetrahydroisoqu

10、inolinealkaloid碘化汞鉀試劑Mayersreagent碘化鉍鉀試劑Dragendorffsreagent碘化鉀碘試劑Wagnersreagent硅鎢酸試劑Bertrandsreagent,silicotungsticacidreagent磷鉬酸試劑Sonnenscheinsreagent,phospho-molybdicacidreagent苦味酸試劑Hagersreagent,picricacidreagent磯酸銨-濃硫酸試液Mandelintestsolution鉬酸銨-濃硫酸試液Frohdetestsolution甲醛-濃硫酸試液Marquistestsolution莨菪

11、烷tropane莨菪烷生物堿tropanealkaloid除蟲菊素類pyrethroid-acetal醛縮醇acetal-乙酰acid酸-al醛alcohol醇-aldehyde醛alkali-堿allyl丙烯基alkoxy-烷氧基-amide酰胺amino-氨基的-amidine脒-amine胺-ane烷anhydride酐anilino-苯胺基aquo-含水的-ase酶-ate含氧酸的鹽、酯-atriyne三炔azo-偶氮benzene苯bi-在鹽類前表示酸式鹽bis-雙-borane硼烷bromo-溴butyl丁基-carbinol甲醇carbonyl羰基-caboxylicacid羧酸

12、centi-10-2chloro-氯代cis-順式condensed縮合的、冷凝的cyclo-環(huán)deca-十deci10-1-dine啶dodeca-十二-ene烯epi-表epoxy-環(huán)氧-ester酯-ether醚ethoxy-乙氧基ethyl乙基fluoro-氟代-form仿-glycol二醇hemi-半hendeca-十一hepta-七heptadeca-十七hexa-六hexadeca-十六-hydrin醇hydro-氫或水hydroxyl羥基hypo-低級的，次-ic酸的，高價金屬-ide無氧酸的鹽，酰替胺，酐-il偶酰-imine亞胺iodo-碘代iso-異，等，同-ite亞酸鹽keto-酮ketone酮-lactone內(nèi)酯mega-106meta-間，偏methoxy-甲氧基methyl甲基micro-10-6milli-10-3mono-(mon-)一，單nano-10-9nitro-硝基nitroso-亞硝基nona-九nonadeca-十octa-八octadeca-十八-oic酸的-ol醇-one酮ortho-鄰，正，原-ous亞酸的，低價金屬oxa-氧雜-oxide氧化合物-oxime肟oxo-酮oxy-氧化-oyl酰para-對位，仲penta-五pentadeca-十