1、動詞不定式不定式由“to+動詞原形”構成,其否定形式是“not/never to do”,不定式可以帶賓語或狀語構成不定式短語,沒有人稱和數的變化,但有時態和語態的變化。不定式 I want to tell you something Hi, I want to tell you something. I will go to Ruian for shopping this afternoon. Do you want to go with me? First, Id like to go to KaiTai store. But to be frank, most of time I am

2、there only to do some window shopping, because everything is expensive. Then, I plan to go to HongQiao road to buy some clothes. I like to try the new fashion style of this season. By the way, do you know anything to entertain us? If so, I cant wait to have a try! Why not come and join me? _1. 作主語(s

3、ubject)2. 作賓語(object)3. 作賓語補足語(object complement)4. 作定語(attributive)5. 作狀語(adverbial)6. 作表語(predicative)7. 作獨立成分8. 與疑問詞等連用成分(1).不定式作主語時,往往放在謂語之后,用it作形式主語.To see is to believe. Its impossible for humans to fly like a bird now.It + is/was + adj./n. + to dosubjectTo get to the top of the hill needs an

4、hour.It was necessary to tell you the truth.實現你的夢想并不是一件容易的事情。嘲笑殘疾人是不禮貌的。Translate :My job to_.Your task to_ .isis(2).不定式作表語(predicative)protect the worldmake the world peaceful我的理想是在一家電腦公司上班。It seems to be late for class.My job is to help the patient.最重要的事情是要按時來。Translate :He likes to_.(3) 不定式作賓語(ob

5、ject)play basketball常接動詞不定式作賓語的動詞有：agree, afford, appear, ask, attempt；care, choose, claim,dare,decide,demand,deserve,determine,expect, fail, get, guarantee, hesitate, hope, hurry,intend, learn, manage, offer,plan, prepare, pretend, promise,refuse, seem, tend, want, wish 等+ to do。我決定要當一名醫生。他假裝沒看到我。我

6、想喝水。I find it difficult to talk to him.5. I dont intend to resign but to improve my abilities.think/ consider/ find/feel it + adj.+ to do 比較： She could do nothing but cry.不定式用在介詞but, except, besides后時,如果這些介詞前有行為動詞do的各種形式,那么介詞后的不定式不帶to,相反則帶to.Note(1). She could do nothing but wait.(2). I have no choi

7、ce but to go.巧記：有do 少to；無do 多toThe teacher told me to_I expect you to_.(4). 不定式作賓補(object complement)hand in my paperssign your name hereThe teacher told me to clean the blackboard.I expect you to give me some help.引導不定式作賓補的動詞：五看 watch see look at observe notice三使 let make have 二聽 listen to hear一感覺:

8、 feelwarn, tell, allow, help, ask, force,expect等+sb to do sth+ sb do sth（省略to）I made him do his work.He was made to do his work (by me).變成被動，被省略的to 要還原。Note 11.Paul doesnt have to be made _. He always works hard. A. learn B. to learn C. learned D. learning2. The boy wanted to ride his bicycle in the

9、 street, but his mother told him _. A. not to B. not to do C. not to ride D. do not to3. Having a trip abroad is certainly good for the old couple, but it remains _ whether they will enjoy it. A. to see B. to be seen C. seeing D. seeI have something to say,but my brother has a lot of homework _,so I

10、 am looking for someone _.(5).不定式作定語(attributive)不定式作定語時，應放在被修飾詞的后面.to doto listen to我有衣服要洗。I has been looking for a house to live in.我沒有很多時間來浪費。The most beautiful city to visit is Dalian. Translate :1. 作定語的不定式如果是不及物動詞, 不定式后面須有相應的介詞。 He is looking for a room to live in. He has a nice pen to write wi

11、th.2. 不定式所修飾的名詞如果是time, place或way，不定式后面的介詞習慣上要省去。 He had no money and no place to live in.Note(6) 不定式作狀語(adverbial)狀語：表示目的、原因、結果或條件。e.g.:Im very glad to hear the news.He is old enough to go to school.To look at him, you cant help laughing.他買了一條外套 來配他的新帽子。In order to look after his disabled daughter,

12、 he referred to many books.他年齡太大了以至于生活不能自理。He works day and night so as to make his living.Translate :To tell the truth, I am not happy at the moment.(7).獨立結構to be frank, to be honest, to tell the truthHe didnt know _.(8) . 與疑問詞等連用what to say不定式與疑問詞who,which, when, how, what 等連用，在句中起名詞作用，可充當主語、表語、賓語

13、等。a. He didnt know what to say. b. How to solve the problem is very important.c. My question is when to start. 注意：在與why連用時，只用于why或why not開頭的簡短疑問句中，后面緊跟的動詞不定式不帶to。 Why not have a rest?賓語主語表語d. Why not climb up to the top of the hill?他的同伴也不知道要怎么做。為什么不廢除這項制度(institution) 。How to solve the problem is ve

14、ry important.The question is which to choose.Translate : 主動語態 被動語態 一般式 進行式 完成式不定式 to do to be done to be doing to have done to have been done -時態與語態(1).They pretended not to see us.(2). He pretended to be sleeping. (3).She pretended to have known it before.(一般式表示與謂語的動作同時/幾乎同時/發生在它之后將要發生.)(進行式表示在謂語動詞

15、發生的同時,不定式的動作也正在進行)(完成式表示動作發生在謂語動作之前)ExerciseMy teacher was made _ his teaching because of poor health.giving up B. to give up C. give up D. given up2.The sentence wants _ once more.explained B. to explain C. being explained D. explaining3.The Arctic is considered _ the northern part of the Atlantic.

16、having been B. to have beenC. to be D. beingBDC4.The Emperor ordered the wonderful cloth _ for him without delay.to have woven B. to be wovenC. to be weaving D. to weave5.I found the German language hard _.learned B. learning C. to be learned D. to learn6.The light in the office is still on. - Oh, I

17、 forgot _.turning it off B. turn it offC. to turn it off D. having turned it offBDC幾對易混淆的詞組：stop to do sth. 停止去做某事 doing sth.停止正在做forget to do sth.忘記去做 doing sth.忘記已做了remember to do sth.記得去做 doing sth.記得曾經做7.-How do you deal with the disagreement between the company and the customers? -The key _ the

18、 problem is to meet the demand _ by the customers.to solving, making B. to solving, madeC. to solve, making D. to solve, made8. -What do you think of the school? -It is a very good _.school to study in B. school for children to studyC. studying school D. school to studyBA9. -Did you get a job? - No, I _ , but its no use.expected B. tried to C. managed to D. planned10.We find it impossible for the work _ ahead of time.to finish B. finishing C. being finished D. to be finished11.-I usually go to Shanghai by train. -Why not _ there by boat for a change?to try to go B. try going C. to try go