1、Unit4 GrammarThe Attributive Clause第1頁，共32頁。Complex sentence 復(fù)合句： 連詞連接兩個或多個主謂結(jié)構(gòu)的句子，其中一個主謂結(jié)構(gòu)是句子的主要部分（主句），另一個或一個以上的主謂結(jié)構(gòu)只在句子中作某個成分（如主語、賓語、表語、定語、狀語、同位語）。復(fù)合句 =主句從句（定從/主從/賓從/表從/同位從/狀從）+一個主謂結(jié)構(gòu)是句子的主要部分（主句）另一個或一個以上的主謂結(jié)構(gòu)只在句子中作某個成分（定語）The students (who do not study hard )will not pass the exam.主句主語從句主語從句謂語結(jié)構(gòu)主句

2、謂語結(jié)構(gòu)第2頁，共32頁。在句子中作定語，修飾名詞或代詞的從句。這種從句由關(guān)系代詞或關(guān)系副詞引導(dǎo)，并作句子成分。定語從句還叫做嵌入句，因形容詞定語，所以又稱之為形容詞性從句。Attributive clause(定語從句）:定語從句的位置：通常在先行詞（在主句中）后。定語從句的引導(dǎo)詞關(guān)系代詞指人指物who(主語、賓語)，whom(賓語)，that(主語、賓語), whose(定語)that(主語、賓語),which(主語、賓語)whose(定語)關(guān)系副詞where (地點(diǎn)狀語)when (時間狀語)why (原因狀語)第3頁，共32頁。修飾主語、賓語、表語的句子就叫做定語從句。引導(dǎo)定語從句的關(guān)

3、聯(lián)詞有：定語從句關(guān)系代詞：who, whom whose, which, that 關(guān)系副詞：when, where第4頁，共32頁。定語從句的位置定語從句放在被修飾成分之后。e.g. This is the car which he bought last year.先行詞定語從句Do you know the man?He spoke just now. Do you know the man who spoke just now?第5頁，共32頁。applethe redthe greenthe smallthe bigThe apple which is red is mine.The

4、 apple which is green is yours.The apple which is red is small.The apple which is green is big.第6頁，共32頁。引導(dǎo)定語從句的關(guān)系代詞 that 既指人又指物, 作主語或賓語。which 指物, 作主語或賓語。who, whom 指人, who 作主語, whom作賓語。that, which, whom在定語從句中作賓語時, 可省去。第7頁，共32頁。He is a little boy.He is eating .He is a little boy who is eating.who, who

5、m 指人，在從句中分別作主語和賓語 (口語中who也可作賓語)。第8頁，共32頁。Declan is a famous singer.He sings the song tell me why.Declan is a famoussinger who sings the song tell me why.第9頁，共32頁。Whom 指人, 在從句中作賓語，可省略。e.g. Do you know the man (whom) we saw at the Jiangbin Park?The girl is from America.I called her just now. The girl

6、(whom) I called just now is from America.第10頁，共32頁。2) The boy who broke the window is called Michael. (主語) 3) The person to whom you just talked is Mr. Li. (賓語) 4) Mr. Read is the professor to whom you should write. (賓語)第11頁，共32頁。I showed him the letter.I received it this morning. I showed him the l

7、etter (which) I received this morning.Which 在從句中作主語或賓語，指物。第12頁，共32頁。I have read the newspaper.It carries the important news. I have read the newspaper which carries the important news.第13頁，共32頁。 They planted the trees which didnt need much water. (主語) 2) The fish which we bought were not fresh. (賓語)

8、第14頁，共32頁。whose 在從句中作定語，指人或物。1)Miss Wang is the teacher . Her house caught fire last week.Miss Wang is the teacher whose house caught fire last week.2) This is the boy. The teacher talked of his composition. This is the boy whose composition the teacher talked of. 第15頁，共32頁。 that 在從句中作主語或賓語，指人和物。 A

9、plane is a machine that can fly. The noodles that I cooked were delicious. 3) Lets ask the man that is reading the book over there.4) The girl that we saw yesterday is Jims sister.(主語)(賓語)(主語)(賓語)1)A plane is a machine. The machine can fly.2)The noodles were delicious. I cooked the noodles.第16頁，共32頁

10、。THANK YOUSUCCESS2022/7/2117可編輯第17頁，共32頁。 that和which在指物的情況下一般都可以互換，但在下列情況下，一般用that而不用which。I am sure she has something (that) you can borrow.先行詞為everything, nothing, something, anything, 等 不定代詞時。Note 第18頁，共32頁。This is the first book (that) he has read.This is the very book that belongs to him.(3) 先行

11、詞被序數(shù)詞或最高級修飾時。(4) 先行詞被the only, the very, the same, the last 修飾時。Ive read all the books that are not mine. (2) 先行詞被all, every, no, some, any, little, much等修飾時。第19頁，共32頁。The boss in whose company my father worked is a very kind person. 關(guān)系代詞whose還可以在從句中 與它所修飾的詞一起作介詞賓語。Note The boos is a very kind perso

12、n. My father worked in his company.第20頁，共32頁。 先行詞是疑問詞who, which, what 時，定語從句用that而不用who (whom)和which引導(dǎo)。 Who is the person that is standing at the gate? Which of us that knows something about physics does not know this? What that is on the table belongs to me?Note 第21頁，共32頁。1.當(dāng)有兩個或兩個以上分別表示人和物的先行詞時，這個

13、定語從句要用that而不用who (whom)和which引導(dǎo)。如： He talked about the teachers and school that he had visited.2.當(dāng)關(guān)系代詞在從句中作表語時： Mary is no longer the girl (that) she used to be.Shenzhen is no longer the town that it used to be. Note 第22頁，共32頁。1. The famous basketball star, _ tried to make a comeback, attracted a lo

14、t of attention. A. where B. when C. which D. who Key 解析: 本題考察定語從句關(guān)聯(lián)詞的選擇, 從句意可知先行詞the famous basketball star (著名的籃球明星) 是人，所以應(yīng)用 表示人的關(guān)聯(lián)詞who。真題解析D第23頁，共32頁。2. (2006 北京) Women _drink more than two cups of coffee a day have a greater chance of having heart disease than those _ dont. A. who;/B. /; whoC. wh

15、o; whoD. /;/ 解析: 本題考查兩個定語從句, 這兩個 定語從句都缺少主語, 在定語從句中, 如果是關(guān)系代詞做定語從句的主語, 關(guān)系代詞不能省略, 故答案選 C。C第24頁，共32頁。3. (2006 福建) Look out! Dont get too close to the house _ roof is under repair. A. whose B. which C. of which D. that解析: whose 在定語從句中做roof的 定語，用于修飾house。A第25頁，共32頁。3. The house _ they built in 1987 stayed

16、 up in the earthquake. Fill in the blanks with who, whom, that, which or whose.1. The earthquake _ hit the city in 1906 was the biggest in American history.2. We dont know the number of people _ lost their homes in 1906 earthquake.that/which that/who that/which 第26頁，共32頁。 6. Harry is the boy _ mothe

17、r is our maths teacher.4. A house _ is built on sand may fall down in an earthquake. 5. Luckily none of the people _ I know were killed in the earthquake.that/whichthat/who/whomwhose第27頁，共32頁。7. Look at that lady _ name is Rose.8. He is a teacher _ I like very much.9. Those pictures _ were drawn by

18、Tom are nice.10. That was all the money _I had.whose whom/who/thatwhich/that that第28頁，共32頁。11. Is there any one here _ name is Tom?12. They talked for about an hour of things and persons _ they remembered in the school.13. Who _ has common sense will do such a thing.14. I dont know the way _ he worked out.15. The person to_ you just talked is Mr. Li.whosethatthatthat/in whichwhom第29頁，共32頁。 Under the big tree are 34 students, many of them come from class two.2. My mother has a good book, which cover looks terrible.3. Who are the young girls