1、座式球面滑動(dòng)軸承Seated Sphere Sleeve Bearings使用說(shuō)明書Operation Instruction代號(hào) Code：0AP.466.004c(代替 Replace:0AP.466.004b)南陽(yáng)防爆NANEXPLOPROTECTION GROUP CO.,.2012 年 1 月 1 日J(rèn)an.01.2012目錄12概述2產(chǎn)品結(jié)構(gòu)說(shuō)明2345軸承潤(rùn)滑4軸承溫度6安裝和首次起動(dòng)7678軸瓦更換10故障排除11附圖13Content1 General Descriptions2Explanation of Product Structure3Bearing Lubricat

2、ion5Bearing Temperature65 Installation andStarting86 Replacing Bearing Bush107 Remove oults118 Attached drawing131 概述座式球面滑動(dòng)軸承是引進(jìn)國(guó)外技術(shù)， 參考標(biāo)準(zhǔn) DIN31690 生產(chǎn)制造的。主要規(guī)格見(jiàn)表 1。表 1Table 1軸承的軸瓦與軸承座采用球面配合，具有自動(dòng) 性。軸瓦的內(nèi)徑尺寸公差由精加工保證， 首次使用不須刮研， 結(jié)構(gòu)緊湊， 安裝維修十分方便。1 General DescriptionsSeated sphere sleeve bearings are design

3、ed and manufactured according to thetechnologyroduced from abroad and standard DIN31690.For the mainspecifications, see Table 1.Sphere fit pros is adopted betn bearing bush and bearingof center. The dimenblock with toleranto be scrthe of dandfunction of automatic regulationminor-diameter of bearing

4、bushesare polished to securenotwhenusingforthetimeandbeingofcompactconformationconvenience of installation and maenance.2 產(chǎn)品結(jié)構(gòu)說(shuō)明1 座式滑動(dòng)軸承結(jié)構(gòu)見(jiàn)附圖。2 軸承結(jié)構(gòu)整體從水平位置分開，關(guān)鍵部件有軸承座、軸瓦、甩油環(huán)、浮動(dòng)密封圈、測(cè)溫元件等。2.3 座式球面軸承的兩側(cè)密封結(jié)構(gòu)均采用浮動(dòng)密封。軸 承外蓋座內(nèi)裝有浮動(dòng)密封圈，浮動(dòng)密封圈由兩半組成，通過(guò)彈簧固定在軸上，運(yùn)行時(shí)隨著軸的 軸承號(hào) Bearing brand91114 18 軸徑 D Diameter of sh

5、aft D( mm)8090100110110125125140160160180200軸承號(hào) Bearing brand22 28 35 45 軸徑 D Diameter of shaft D( mm)200225250280315335335355375425450475位置的變化而浮動(dòng)， 材料為可熔性聚酰亞胺, 模塑成形。2.4 油環(huán)由冷拉黃銅制成。在軸瓦內(nèi)部開有油環(huán)槽，油環(huán)掛在軸上，下部浸入油中通過(guò)軸帶動(dòng)油環(huán)旋轉(zhuǎn)，油環(huán)將油帶到軸上，經(jīng)導(dǎo)油槽將油較均勻地 分配至整個(gè)軸瓦承載面。2.5 為了防止軸電流對(duì)軸瓦巴氏合金產(chǎn)生電腐蝕 ，在滑 動(dòng)軸承與底座之間加有 2 層絕緣墊板， 聯(lián)接滑動(dòng)軸承和底

6、座的螺栓采取了可靠的絕緣措施。電機(jī)出廠時(shí)，兩端軸承與底座之間均帶有鋼制錐銷，電機(jī)與整個(gè)機(jī)組安裝調(diào) 度完畢后，將一端軸承的兩鋼制錐銷取出，換上尼龍錐銷，以防止灰塵進(jìn) 入銷孔。Explanation of Product Structure1 For pillow-block sleeve bearing structure, see attached drawing.2. 2 Bearings have a structure which can be separatedegrally at horizontalition. The main components are bearing blo

7、ck, bearing bush, oil slinger,floating seal ring and temperature sensor etc.2.3 For thllow-block spherical bearing, floating seal technique is adoptedon both sides of seal structures. Inside the holder of external bearing cover, afloating seal ring is provided. Floating seal ring can be dividedo two

8、 halveswhich are attached on shaft through springs and can float freely in companywithitional change of shaft. It is made of meltable polyimide and shdby moulding.2.4 Oil rings are made from hard drawing brass. Oil-ring grooves are machinedinside the bearing bush. Oil rings are hanging on shaft with

9、 their lowartsimmergingo oil. Oil rings are driven to roe by shaft anl is broughtonto the shaft by oil rings and then distributed evenly to the whole carryingface of bearing bush through oil groove.2.5 In order to prevent the babbitt metal of bearing bush is corroded by shaftcurrent, two layers of i

10、nsulation plate are backed betn sleeve bearing andbearing base and the reliable insulation measures are taken on the studs joiningsleeve bearing and bearing base. Steel tred pins are equipped betnbearings and bearing bases at both ends before the motors leave the factory.After the motor and the whol

11、e unit have been finished installation andadjustment, the two steel tred pins on the bearing at one end should bechanged with nylon tred pins to prevent dust from entering thnholes.3 軸承潤(rùn)滑3.1 潤(rùn)滑油牌號(hào)的選擇。任何低和具有良好的抗老化能力的優(yōu)質(zhì)礦物油，只要能達(dá)到所要求的潤(rùn)滑油粘度均可使用。潤(rùn)滑油的粘度可依據(jù)表 2 選取。注： 2P 自潤(rùn)滑電機(jī)潤(rùn)滑油粘度用 ISOVG32。3.2 軸承潤(rùn)滑方式分為：油環(huán)自潤(rùn)滑

12、、外部壓力循環(huán)供油和油環(huán)潤(rùn)滑的復(fù)合潤(rùn)滑。3. 2. 1油環(huán)自潤(rùn)滑， 加油時(shí)， 應(yīng)保證油位高度在油標(biāo)高度的 1/22/3 之間。3. 2. 2外部壓力循環(huán)供油時(shí) ，油環(huán) 也安裝 ，用于預(yù) 防外部循環(huán)油供應(yīng)的短缺，確保設(shè)備的安全運(yùn)行， 應(yīng)特別注意：電機(jī)安裝時(shí)， 應(yīng)調(diào)節(jié)軸承進(jìn)油口的壓力， 保持一定流量， 使軸承內(nèi)部的油位穩(wěn)在油標(biāo)高度的 1/2 ， 超過(guò)這個(gè)高度會(huì)造成軸承漏油。供油壓力在 0. 010. 05 MPa 之間。3. 3 換油周期潤(rùn)滑油的更換取決于滑動(dòng)軸承運(yùn)行的工況：負(fù)荷、轉(zhuǎn)速、運(yùn)行時(shí)間、運(yùn)行溫度等，在電機(jī)投入運(yùn)行后，定期檢驗(yàn)，檢驗(yàn)的結(jié)果將提供潤(rùn)滑油換 油周期的正確信息。建議： 自循環(huán)潤(rùn)滑

13、首次換油周期為 700 h ， 首次換油之后換油周期為4000h， 外部壓力循環(huán)供油的換油周期為 20000h。表 2Table 2軸徑圓周速度Peripheral velocity of shaft diameter v( m/s)3 310 1025 2550潤(rùn)滑油粘度Lubricating oil viscosity ( ISO VG)684646323 Bearing Lubrication3. 1 Selection of oil number Any high quality mineral oil with the features oflow bubble and favora

14、ble ageingcan be used providet they canreach the required lubricating oil viscosity. The lubricating oil viscosity canchoose according to Table 2.Note ：For the 2P self-lubrication motors, lubricating oil viscosity of ISO VG32ismended.3. 2 Bearing self-lubrication mode are the oil ring self -lubricat

15、ion, the externalprere circulation oiling and the oil ring compound self -lubrication.3. 2. 1 For the bearings with the feature of oil ring self -lubrication, the oil levelshall be ensure at 1/22/3 of the height of oil scale when oiling.3. 2. 2 For the bearings with the feature of external prere cir

16、culation oiling,oil ring be fixed as well to prevent the shortage of supplying externalcirculating oil. In order to ensur e motor safe operation， the following shouldbe paid spel attention to：When motors are installed, the comprere force at the oil-inlet holds ofbearings should be adjusted to keep a

17、 certay flow rate and make the oil levelinside the bearings kepthe values are exceeded.1/2 the oil scale height. The bearings will leak oil if0. 010. 05MPa of oil prere ismended during motor operation.3. 3ervals of oil changingOil changing res on the operational conditions of sleeve bearingch asload

18、, roion speed, working hours and workingtemperature etc. Periodicinspection should be done after motors being putresults will supply the right information about theo operation and inspectingervals of lubricating oilchanging.Suggestion：F or the bearings of selfcirculating lubrication, 700h of theerva

19、lof oil changing is for thetime and 4000h for othern thetime andfor the bearings of external prere circulation oil supply, 20, 000h.4 軸承溫度4. 1 軸承的最高允許溫度據(jù)測(cè)溫點(diǎn)位置不同而變化的。座式球 面滑動(dòng)軸承的測(cè)溫點(diǎn)在軸瓦底部， 距負(fù)載面 10mm 左右。滑動(dòng)軸承的溫度一般不允許超過(guò) 80 ， 其溫度 85 ， 停機(jī)溫度 90。4. 2 應(yīng)注意不能單憑溫度的高低來(lái)判斷軸承運(yùn)行狀態(tài)，更重要 的是軸承溫度的變化情況，應(yīng)經(jīng)常地觀察軸承溫度變化情況和 ，假如發(fā)現(xiàn)軸

20、承溫度 上升， 并且和以前相似條件下的數(shù)值相比有異常時(shí)， 必須停車確定其原因，并且排除之。4. 3 軸承設(shè)用測(cè)溫裝置， 測(cè)溫元件采用鉑熱電阻 Pt100 ， 測(cè)溫元件引線引入測(cè)溫接線盒內(nèi)， 使用時(shí)接到測(cè)溫儀表上， 即可對(duì)軸瓦溫度進(jìn)行。4 Bearing Temperature4. 1 Theon theum permissible temperature of bearings will be var iabasedition of temperature - sensing pos. For thllow-block sphericalsleeve bearings，th e tempera

21、ture-sensing pois at the bottom of bearing bushabout 10mm from load surface. Generally the temperature of sleeve bearingsshall not exceed 80 ,alarm temperature 85 and shutdown temperature90 .4. 2 Note: To estimatethe bearing running sus can not rely only ontemperature but also bearing temperature ch

22、ange condition. Observe and record constantly bearing temperature change conditi on and if it is found t the bearing temperature has risen and t he values are abnormal as compared to the simulated conditions before ，s hut down the engine, find the fault cause andremove it.4. 3 The bearings are provi

23、ded temperature-measuring device. Temperatureelements adopt platinumPtl00 and their leads are ledo boxes.When the temperature of bearing sis monitored, these leads will beconnected onto a thermometric indicator.5 安裝和首次起動(dòng)5. 1 安裝前的。與滑動(dòng)軸承連接的總裝工作最重要的原則是潔凈度。拆下軸承測(cè)溫用鉑熱電阻，打開軸承蓋翻出軸瓦，徹底 軸和軸瓦及各零 件上的防銹脂，用浸過(guò) 的無(wú)絨

24、布將其全部揩干凈，檢查軸瓦合金面是 否有不正常的情況，必須清除任何嵌入軸瓦合金的硬質(zhì)顆粒，軸承座底部 金屬顆粒和污物必須徹底干凈。5. 2 軸承的軸向調(diào)整5. 2. 1 電機(jī)的軸向安裝基準(zhǔn)必須是電機(jī)的磁力中心線，出廠前，制造廠磁力中心線的位置已調(diào)整， 應(yīng)按照電機(jī)磁中心位置批示牌的數(shù)值安裝電機(jī)。5. 2. 2 軸瓦和軸的單邊調(diào)整間隙為 6mm，允許軸的最大調(diào)整量為 12mm。空試電機(jī)開始時(shí)， 轉(zhuǎn)子來(lái)回游動(dòng)， 最后穩(wěn)定在磁中心的位置。5. 3 供油系統(tǒng)的安裝：供油系 統(tǒng)的安裝應(yīng)按照通用的供油系統(tǒng)安裝原則，應(yīng)具有壓力表、溫度表、 流量計(jì)等輔助儀表5. 4 電機(jī)與主機(jī)連接完成后，帶負(fù)載 試驗(yàn)之前，應(yīng)將

25、 軸承座上蓋四個(gè)緊固螺栓松開， 退出銷釘， 輕微盤車， 讓球形軸瓦自動(dòng)， 然后重新緊固。5. 5 帶油池加熱器的電機(jī), 如果電機(jī)使用在北方的冬季, 在開機(jī)前 1 小時(shí), 必須打開加熱器, 并時(shí)刻注意油池內(nèi)的油溫, 確保油溫不超過(guò) 50 .5. 6 對(duì)自潤(rùn)滑軸承的電機(jī)，加注潤(rùn)滑油后的首次起動(dòng)或電機(jī)停機(jī)超過(guò) 12 小時(shí)再次啟動(dòng)前須對(duì)電機(jī)進(jìn)行盤車，盤車轉(zhuǎn)數(shù)為 20 轉(zhuǎn)以上，使油環(huán)為軸瓦提供足夠的潤(rùn)滑油，確保電機(jī)的安全啟動(dòng)。5. 7 起動(dòng)前檢查5. 7.1 自潤(rùn)滑軸承，應(yīng)檢查是否注油及油位，油環(huán)安裝是否正確。外循環(huán)注油應(yīng)檢查供油系統(tǒng)是否工作正常。5. 7. 2 軸承上所有螺栓是否緊固。5. 7. 3

26、軸承測(cè)溫是否安裝正確， 工作正常。5. 7. 4 軸承座上方的觀察窗有無(wú)破損。5. 8 起動(dòng)中的檢查。5. 8.1 軸承溫度應(yīng)平穩(wěn)地升至恒定的工作溫度，如果溫度不穩(wěn)定，高于軸承所允許溫度應(yīng)停機(jī)檢查。5. 8.2 不漏油性滑動(dòng)軸承底腔，各連接孔處應(yīng)不漏油。 自潤(rùn)滑軸承漏油會(huì)破壞工作油面， 嚴(yán)重影響軸承的使用。5 Installation andStarting5. 1 Cleaning before installationTheprinciple is cleanliness during thefinal assembly connectingwithsleeve bearings is b

27、eing carried out. Afterunfixing the platinumbearing cover and movingmeasuring bearing temperature, openingout the bearing bush, clean away thoroughly theanti-rust grease on shafts, bearing bushes and each components and then cl eanall of these with a non-flannelet soaked gasoline. At the same time c

28、heck whether there is any abnormal condition on the alloy surface of bearing bushesor not. Any hard grains embeddedo the alloy of bearing bush must be cleanout and any prill and dirthe bottom of bearing block be cleaned down.5. 2 The axial adjustment of the bearing5. 2. 1 The basic line of axial mou

29、nting of motors must be the magnetic force center line of motors. Before leaving factory, manufacturer has adjusted the magnetic center line of motors and motors should be installed according to theindication mark of motor magnetic center line.5. 2. 2 The single-side alignment clearance betn bearing

30、 bush and shaft is6mmandumpermisshafttrim12mm.Whenat themotorsbeingbeginning andtest-driven at no-load,finally stabilize at therotors move aboome- and-goition of magnetic center.supply system： the installation5. 3 Installation of oilof oilsupply systemshould conform to general principle of installin

31、g o il supply systemt is tore gauge,sayt there must be some supporting instrumentch as prethermometer and flowmeter etc.5. 4 After the motors being finished connecting with principal machines andbefore tested at load， the four securing bolts on the upper covers of thebearing blocks should be loosen

32、and collar pins withdrawn so as to check forshaft roing to make the spherical bearing bushes regulate the centerautomatically. And finally refix the collar pins and fasten them.5. 5 For the motors with heaters heating oil bathes, if the motors are used inwer in North, the heaters must be energized b

33、efore the motors starting up,and care shall be exercised constantly in the oil temperature inside the oilbathes to ensure the oil t emperature within 50 .5. 6 When the motors using of self-lubricating bearings ,before thetime starting after thebearings being oiled, or start again exceed 12 hours aft

34、er motor shut down, then must slowcircumvolve the motors rotor, the number of revolution shall moren 20,in order to makethe oil ring daggle enough oil to the bearing ss, to ensure the safety of motors start-up.5. 7 Prestarting inspection5. 7.1 For the self-lubricating bearings, check whether the bea

35、rings have beenoiled anl level anl ring ins tallation are right or not. For the bearingswith external circulation oiling, check the oil supply system to see whether itworks fine or not.5. 7. 2 Whether all stud- bolts on the bearings are fastened.5. 7. 3 Whether bearing thermometric indicators are mo

36、 unted correctly and workfine.5. 7. 4 The watching window on the top of bearing are in good condition or not.5. 8 Inspection during starting5. 8.1 Bearing temperature should rise smoothly to the constant workingtemperature. If the temperature of the bearings is instable and highernpermisexamination.

37、bearingalarmtemperature,motorsshouldbestoppedfor5. 8.2 No-leakageBottom of sleeve bearings and each attaent holes should be no leak.Oilleakage of self- lubricating bearings can reduce the oil level and had a strongimpact on bearings usage.6 軸瓦更換對(duì)新的軸瓦和重澆軸承合金的軸瓦，要檢查其與軸頸的配合情況， 這是非常重要的， 建議按以下過(guò)程進(jìn)行：6. 1 檢

38、查軸頸確定其無(wú)尖的凸出點(diǎn)或刮痕，則用油石除去。6. 2 檢查新軸瓦進(jìn)油槽與軸瓦內(nèi)圓交界處是否光滑過(guò)渡，如 需要的話，通過(guò)修刮達(dá)到。6. 3 翻入下半軸瓦， 放下千斤頂， 使軸放在下半軸瓦上， 按軸運(yùn)行轉(zhuǎn)向轉(zhuǎn) 3個(gè)整圈，再將軸頂起，并 地將下半軸瓦翻出。查看光亮點(diǎn)的圖樣，在 正常情況下圖樣應(yīng)是沿軸向的等寬分布而無(wú)歪斜，與軸頸接觸部分應(yīng)包含 75%光亮帶。如沒(méi)有達(dá)到可按需要輕輕地刮去存在的高出點(diǎn)，重新裝入下半瓦重動(dòng)軸的過(guò)程， 拆下并修刮下半瓦直至獲得希望的圖樣。6 Replacing Bearing BushFor the new bearing bushes and the bearing bu

39、shes being repoured the bearingalloy， the fitting condition betn the bearing bushes and journals should bechecked. The pros is very important and following courses are suggested：6. 1 Check journal to ensuremark. If any, remove them wit where is no poed bulge pos or scratchn oilstone.6. 2 Check the j

40、uncture betbearing bush to see wheth ern the oil -feedand the inner circle of newthey are over smooth. If nesary, reach therequired smoothness by means of scra.6.3 Turn the second half of bearing push, use lifting jack to make the shaft lay on the secondhalf of bearing push，then turn the shaft for t

41、hree complete circuits at shaft operation directionand finery jack up the shaft and turn oarefully the second half of bearing push. Check thedistribution arrangement of light pos. Under normal conditions，light pos shoulddistribute along axial direction and equivalent width without distortion，and the

42、re should be75% lightness pomentioned above, scrzone at the journal contacting section. If not reach the requirementoff gently the present bulge pos as required，reinstall the secondhalf of bearing push, repeat the course of turning shaft, finery dismount and scrthe secondhalf of bearing push till obtahe required distribution arrangement of light pos.7 故障排除及早排除故障是極其重要的，其意義在于小故障的消除可防止真正的故障的發(fā)生。故障的原因及排除見(jiàn)表 37 Remo