1、Unit 3 Text A Books acquire v. 學得（知識，技術）；養成（習慣，行為，嗜好） e.g. She acquired a knowledge of English. acquire a habit of smoking acquisition n. 獲得，取得，習得 形近詞辨析 1). require v. 要求 2). inquire v. 打聽，詢問New Words2. consistent adj. 一致的，調和的，堅固的 (05/7) e.g. Are you a consistent man in your feeling? His action is n

2、ot consistent with his words. consist vi (由部分、因素)組成，構成(of)；與一致，相容，并存，符合(with) New Words3. literate adj. 有文化的，有閱讀能力和寫作能力有文化的，有閱讀能力和寫作能力的的 n. 學者學者 literacy n. 識字，有文化，能讀能寫識字，有文化，能讀能寫 illiterate adj. 沒文化的沒文化的Do the children of highly (literacy)parents have an advantage at school?4. dip (dipped, dipping)

3、浸，泡，瀏覽浸，泡，瀏覽 dip into 瀏覽，翻閱，稍加研究瀏覽，翻閱，稍加研究literateNew Words5. advance vt&vi 預付，提出，前進，提前預付，提出，前進，提前 in advance 在前頭；預先，實現；提前在前頭；預先，實現；提前 advancement n. 提前，預付提前，預付 The publisher didnt advance the prices of books because of the high price of paper.6. bore n. 令人討厭的人，怒潮令人討厭的人，怒潮 vt. 使厭煩使厭煩 boring adj.

4、令人討厭的，令人厭煩的令人討厭的，令人厭煩的 bored adj. 討厭的，厭煩的討厭的，厭煩的 be bored to do sth. 厭煩做某事厭煩做某事 be bored with sb./sth. 厭煩某人或某事厭煩某人或某事 availability n. 可用，可用的東西可用，可用的東西 available adj. 可用的，可得到的；有空的，可用的，可得到的；有空的，不忙的不忙的The ready (available) of guns has led to the increasing violence.availabilityNew Words8. curious adj.

5、好奇的，求知的，古怪的好奇的，求知的，古怪的 e.g. Children are naturally curious about everything around them. be curious to do sth 極想做某事極想做某事 e.g. I m curious to know what happened to him yesterday. curiosity n. 好奇心好奇心 New Words9. emerge vi. 顯現，浮現，暴露，形成顯現，浮現，暴露，形成 emergent adj. 緊急的，浮現的，突然出現緊急的，浮現的，突然出現的的 emergence n. 出現

6、，發生，暴露出現，發生，暴露10. violence n. 暴力，暴行，猛烈，強烈暴力，暴行，猛烈，強烈 violent adj. 狂暴的，劇烈的，猛烈的，狂暴的，劇烈的，猛烈的，（程度）厲害的，極端的（程度）厲害的，極端的New Words11. hatred n. 憎恨，敵意，仇恨憎恨，敵意，仇恨 hate vt. 憎恨，仇恨憎恨，仇恨12. ideally adv. 理想地，在觀念上地，完美地理想地，在觀念上地，完美地 ideal = perfect adj. 理想的，完美的理想的，完美的 Para. 1. Knowledge may be acquired through conver

7、sation, watching television or traveling, but the deepest and most consistent way is through reading. 知識可以通過交談、看電視或旅游來獲得，知識可以通過交談、看電視或旅游來獲得，但最深入、最經常的途徑是讀書。但最深入、最經常的途徑是讀書。If we consider the literate population of the world, we may conclude that a few spend their whole lives on academic reading; spend

8、 v. 花費花費 spend/take/cost/pay 都有都有“花費花費”的意思，但用法的意思，但用法不同不同 spend 的主語必須是人的主語必須是人 sb spend time/money on sth 某人在某人在上花費時上花費時間（金錢）。間（金錢）。 sb spend time/money (in) doing sth. 花費時間花費時間（金錢）做某事（金錢）做某事 sb spend money for sth. 花錢買花錢買Text Analysis take 后面常跟雙賓語，且主語多為形式主語后面常跟雙賓語，且主語多為形式主語it It takes/took sb. + 時間

9、時間 + to do sth 做某事花做某事花了某人多少時間了某人多少時間 It takes/took + 時間時間 + for sb to do sth cost 的主語是物或某種活動的主語是物或某種活動 sth. costs/cost (sb.) + 金錢金錢 某物花了（某人）某物花了（某人）多少錢多少錢 （doing）sth. costs/cost + 時間時間. 做某事花了做某事花了（某人）多少時間（某人）多少時間Text Analysis pay的主語一般是人的主語一般是人 A. pay (sb.) money for sth. 付錢（給某人）買付錢（給某人）買 B. pay for

10、 sth. 付付的錢的錢 e.g. I have to pay for the book lost. 我不得不賠償丟失我不得不賠償丟失的書款。的書款。 C. pay for sb. 替某人付款替某人付款 e. g. Dont worry. Ill pay for you. 別擔心，我會給你付別擔心，我會給你付錢的。錢的。 D. pay sb. 付錢給某人付錢給某人 e.g. They pay us every month. E. pay money back 還錢還錢 F. pay off ones money 還清錢還清錢many read something light for pleas

11、ure, a few dip into something more serious now and then; while very many men, women and children never advance beyond the sports page of a newspaper, a fashion article or a comic.多數人只是看些閑書消遣；時常瀏覽一些比較嚴肅讀物的多數人只是看些閑書消遣；時常瀏覽一些比較嚴肅讀物的人也是少數；而更多的男人、婦女和兒童只看報紙上的體人也是少數；而更多的男人、婦女和兒童只看報紙上的體育新聞、時裝介紹或連環漫畫。育新聞、時裝介

12、紹或連環漫畫。Para. 2. If you have learnt to love books as a child, the reading habit will never desert you. But if this has not been your good fortune, you tend to think of reading as a bore. 2. sb think of something as 把看做是，以為是 regardas 把看做是如果從小就學會愛讀書，那么你會永遠保持讀書的習慣，但如果你沒有這種好運氣養成愛讀書的習慣，你就會認為讀書是件討厭的事。A few

13、, but very few, come to the habit late in life. The circumstances which help to set a child on the path to the literary adventure are:3. come to 達到（某種狀況，尤指壞的結局）；達到（某種狀況，尤指壞的結局）；總數為；蘇醒；談到總數為；蘇醒；談到4. set sb on the path to 使某人走上什么道路使某人走上什么道路有一些人，為數不多，直到晚年才養成愛讀書的習慣。有助于使兒童走上讀書道路的環境是：a life even barely ab

14、ove real poverty, so that there is scope in the family for thoughts and activities not wholly devoted to the struggle for making a living; 5. barely adv. 僅僅，剛剛，勉強可能僅僅，剛剛，勉強可能 e.g. He could barely read and write.6. scope n. (做或實現某事的做或實現某事的)機會，能力機會，能力7. devote to sth/doing sth致力于某事致力于某事/做某事做某事 make a

15、living 謀生，以謀生，以為生為生the availability of free books either at home or in a public library; and the possession of a character both curious and independent或者家中有書，或者可在公共圖書館借書，做到或者家中有書，或者可在公共圖書館借書，做到看書不花錢；本人具有求知欲和獨立性。看書不花錢；本人具有求知欲和獨立性。8. independent adj. 獨立的獨立的 independence n. 獨立獨立Para. 3. In order to des

16、ire to read one must be curious. 一個人想讀書，必須有求知欲。9. in order to 為了（后跟動詞原形）為了（后跟動詞原形）10. desire vt. 希望，渴求，請求希望，渴求，請求 n. 愿望，欲望，希望，請求愿望，欲望，希望，請求 desire to do sth 希望希望/渴求做某事；渴求做某事； desire sb. to do sth 希望某人做某事希望某人做某事 I desire to take a long journey around the world. I desire all of you to pass the followi

17、ng examination.A few children are able to keep this curiosity and their mental independence alive despite the educational system of their country. 少數兒童不論他們國家的教育制度如何，始終能夠保持這種求知欲和思想上獨立性。But many fail to do so either because of an overstrict system where what is most important is memory work; or becaus

18、e of a careless and lazy one where even the basic disciplines of literacy are ignored in the sacred name of free expression. 但多數兒童卻做不到這一點但多數兒童卻做不到這一點, 這要么是由于教育制度過于這要么是由于教育制度過于嚴格，把死記硬背看作天下第一號大事；要么是由于教育嚴格，把死記硬背看作天下第一號大事；要么是由于教育制度松散、使人怠惰，在制度松散、使人怠惰，在“自由表達自由表達”的神圣旗幟下，甚的神圣旗幟下，甚至連讀書寫字這樣的基本要求也被忽視至連讀書寫字這樣的基

19、本要求也被忽視。11. in the name of 以以的名義，代表的名義，代表It is a wonder that at least a few children survive their schooling and emerge as people who can think, people who are open-minded and knowledgeable.12. knowledgeable adj. 博學的，有見識的，知博學的，有見識的，知識淵博的識淵博的 e.g. She is very knowledgeable about plants. knowledge n.

20、知識，了解，理解知識，了解，理解Para. 4.Thus, various circumstances are not favorable for the reading habit. And we may add to this the worldwide atmosphere of violence and anarchy, the New Dark Age in which we live today. 13. be favorable for sth/sb 有利于有利于14. add to 增加，加強增加，加強因此，不利于培養閱讀習慣的環境是各種各樣的，不利于培養閱讀習慣的環境是各種各

21、樣的，我們對此還可加一條，那就是遍及全世界的暴力行為和無政府狀態我們現在就生活在其中的新黑暗時代。Many of us no longer have the peace of mind necessary to a quiet hour with a book. But it is precisely because of our present troubles that we should read. 我們很多人再也沒有靜下來讀上一小時書所必需我們很多人再也沒有靜下來讀上一小時書所必需的那種心情了。的那種心情了。然而正是由于當前存在的各種問然而正是由于當前存在的各種問題，我們更應該讀書。題

22、，我們更應該讀書。Text Analysis15. It is/wasthat強調句型強調句型 It is/was + 被強調部分（主語、賓語或狀語）被強調部分（主語、賓語或狀語）+that/who（當強調主語且主人指代人）（當強調主語且主人指代人）+其它部分其它部分 e.g. It was three weeks ago that we began our English class. e.g. It is Miss Liu who is our English teacher. e.g. It is the students who are singing in the classroom

23、.It is/wasthat強調句型的變型強調句型的變型 Text Analysis 一般疑問句的強調句型一般疑問句的強調句型 Is/Was +it +被強調部分被強調部分+that/who +其它部分？其它部分？ Is it the students who are singing in the classroom? 特殊疑問句的強調句型特殊疑問句的強調句型 被強調部分（通常是疑問代詞或疑問副詞）被強調部分（通常是疑問代詞或疑問副詞）+ is/was + it + that/who + 其它部分？其它部分？ When was it that you decided to lose weigh

24、t?Text Analysis謂語動詞的強調謂語動詞的強調不適用于it is/wasthat強調句型，對謂語進行強調時只用在謂語前加上do/does/did即可 e.g. Please do receive my present. 請務必收下我的禮物 I do get married. 我確實結婚了。How, otherwise, are we to understand the nature of hatred, of cruelty, of power polities ? How, otherwise, are we to take a stand on the serious ques

25、tion of individual freedom and authority ? How, otherwise, are we to comprehend and perhaps solve these urgent problems that face us?16. take a stand on 站在立場（根據；采取立場） e.g. We must take a stand on political issues.Text AnalysisPara. 5. Ideally then, a school system should be one in which the love of

26、learning, rather than the acquisition of facts, is cultivated; one in which the spirit of enquiry（n.詢問）is encouraged. 因此，理想的教育制度應該培養學生酷愛學習，因此，理想的教育制度應該培養學生酷愛學習，而不是只是為了獲取事實應該鼓勵探索精神。而不是只是為了獲取事實應該鼓勵探索精神。Text AnalysisIdeally, family and governmental policy should be to see that we have a great number of

27、 booksany books. A person with a book is a real person alive on the earth; without a book he is a fool.而理想的家庭和政府方針應該保證我們有大量的而理想的家庭和政府方針應該保證我們有大量的書籍書籍什么書籍都有。什么書籍都有。手不釋卷是活在世上真手不釋卷是活在世上真正的人；正的人；不然，就是一個傻瓜。不然，就是一個傻瓜。Text Analysis17. see that 確保，注意做到In an ideal society, family and governmental policy shou

28、ld_we have a great number of books.(07/7)A watch that B. see that C. notice that D. observe thatB. Fill in the following blanks with the words.1. acquire 經過自己的努力獲得，習得經過自己的努力獲得，習得2. require 要求要求 All plants require water. 所有植物都需要水分。所有植物都需要水分。 At the university, they require an examination for all ente

29、ring freshmen. 在大學里，他們要求對入學新生進行一次考試。在大學里，他們要求對入學新生進行一次考試。3. inquire 調查，詢問，打聽調查，詢問，打聽4. acquisition n. 獲得，獲取獲得，獲取5. knowledgeable adj. 博學的，有見識的博學的，有見識的1. She into American history in U.S.A. a few years ago.2.Edison his knowledge through hard work and experience.3.His presence of mind never himdippeda

30、cquireddeserted4.It was reported that thousands of people failed to the Titanic shipwreck.5.Doing housework is a real .6. Some of the land would be impossible to . surviveborecultivate7.About 90% of the whole population of China is , and the rest 10% is illiterate.8.The moon from behind the clouds.9.These figures are not w