1、2016年6月大英語六級考試真題及答案解析Part I Writing(30minutes)Directions:Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteashortessayonlivinginthevirtualworld.Trytoimaginewhatwillhappenwhenpeoplespendmoreandmoretimeinthevirtualworldinsteadofinteractingintherealworld.Youarerequiredtowriteatleast150wordsbutnomorethan200words

2、.Part II ListeningComprehension(30minutes)SectionADirections:Inthissection,youwillheartwolongconversations.Attheendofeachconversation,youwillhearfourquestions.Boththeconversationandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaquestion,youmustchoosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).

3、ThenmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet1withasinglelinethroughthecentre.Questions1to4arebasedontheconversationyouhavejustheard.1 .A)ProjectorganizerB)Publicrelationsofficer.C)Marketingmanager.D)Marketresearchconsultant.2 .A)Quantitativeadvertisingresearch.B)Questionnairedesign.C)Researchmethodol

4、ogy.D)Interviewertraining.3 .A)Theyareintensivestudiesofpeople'sspendinghabits.B)Theyexaminerelationsbetweenproducersandcustomers.C)Theylookfornewandeffectivewaystopromoteproducts.D)Theystudytrendsorcustomersatisfactionoveralongperiod.4 .A)Thelackofpromotionopportunity.B)Checkingchartsandtables.

5、C)Designingquestionnaires.D)Thepersistentintensity.Questions5to8arebasedontheconversationyouhavejustheard.5 .A)HisviewonCanadianuniversities.B)Hisunderstandingofhighereducation.C)Hissuggestionsforimprovementsinhighereducation.D)HiscomplaintaboutbureaucracyinAmericanuniversities.6 .A)Itiswelldesigned

6、.B)Itisratherinflexible.C)Itvariesamonguniversities.D)Ithasundergonegreatchanges.7 .A)TheUnitedStatesandCanadacanlearnfromeachother.B)Publicuniversitiesareoftensuperiortoprivateuniversities.C)Everyoneshouldbegivenequalaccesstohighereducation.D)Privateschoolsworkmoreefficientlythanpublicinstitutions.

7、8 .A)Universitysystemsvaryfromcountrytocountry.B)Efficiencyisessentialtouniversitymanagement.C) Itishardtosaywhichisbetter,apublicuniversityoraprivateone.D) ManyprivateuniversityintheU.S.Areactuallylargebureaucracies.SectionBDirections:Inthissection,youwillheartwopassages.Attheendofeachpassage,youwi

8、llhearthreeorfourquestions.Boththepassageandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaquestion,youmustchoosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).ThenmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet1withasinglelinethroughthecentre.Questions9to11arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.9 .A)Gover

9、nment'sroleinresolvinganeconomiccrisis.B) Theworseningrealwagesituationaroundtheworld.C) IndicationsofeconomicrecoveryintheUnitedStates.D) Theimpactofthecurrenteconomiccrisisonpeoplee.'slifE) .A)Theywillfeellesspressuretoraiseemployees'wages.B) Theywillfeelfreetochoosethemostsuitableempl

10、oyees.C) Theywillfeelinclinedtoexpandtheirbusinessoperations.D) Theywillfeelmoreconfidentincompetingwiththeirrivals.11 .A)Employeesandcompaniescooperatetopullthroughtheeconomiccrisis.B) Governmentandcompaniesjoinhandstocreatehobsfortheunemployed.C) Employeesworkshorterhourstoavoidlayoffs.D) Teamwork

11、willbeencouragedincompanies.Questions12to15arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.12 .A)Whethermemorysupplementswork.B) Whetherherbalmedicineworkswonders.C) Whetherexerciseenhancesone'smemory.D) Whetheramagicmemorypromisessuccess.13 .A)Theyhelptheelderlymorethantheyoung.B) Theyarebeneficialinonewa

12、yoranother.C) Theygenerallydonothavesideeffects.D) Theyarenotbasedonrealscience.14 .A)Theyareavailableatmostcountryfairs.B)Theyaretakeninrelativelyhighdosage.C)Theyarecollectedorgrownbyfarmers.D)Theyareprescribedbytrainedpractitioners.15 .A)Theyhaveoftenprovedtobeashelpfulasdoingmentalexercise.B)Tak

13、ingthemwithothermedicationsmightentailunnecessaryrisks.C)Theireffectlastsonlyashorttime.D)Manyhavebenefitedfromthem.SectionCDirections:Inthissection,youwillhearthreerecordingsoflecturesortalksfollowedbythreeorfourquestions.Therecordingswillbeplayedonlyonce.Afteryouhearaquestion,youmustchoosethebesta

14、nswerfromthefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).ThenmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet1withasinglelinethroughthecentre.Questions16to18arebasedontherecordingyouhavejustheard.16 .A)Howcatastrophicnaturaldisastersturnouttobetodevelopingnations.B)HowtheWorldMeteorologicalOrganizationstudiesnaturaldisast

15、ers.C)Howpowerlesshumansappeartobeinfaceofnaturaldisasters.D)Howthenegativeimpactsofnaturaldisasterscanbereduced.17 .A)Bytrainingrescueteamsforemergencies.B)Bytakingstepstopreparepeopleforthem.C)Bychangingpeople'sviewsofnature.D)Byrelocatingpeopletosaferplaces.18 .A)Howpreventiveactioncanreducet

16、helossoflife.B)HowcourageousCubansareinfaceofdisasters.C)HowCubanssufferfromtropicalstorms.D)Howdestructivetropicalstormscanbe.Questions19to22arebasedontherecordingyouhavejustheard.19 .A)PaybacktheirloanstotheAmericangovernment.B)Provideloanstothoseinseverefinancialdifficulty.C)Contributemoretothego

17、alofawiderrecovery.D)Speeduptheirrecoveryfromthehousingbubble.20 .A)Somebanksmayhavetomergewithothers.B)Manysmallerregionalbanksaregoingtofail.C)Itwillbehardforbankstoprovidemoreloans.D)Manybankswillhavetolayoffsomeemployees.21 .A)Itwillworkcloselywiththegovernment.B)Itwillendeavortowriteoffbadloans

18、.C)Itwilltrytolowertheinterestrate.D)Itwilltrytoprovidemoreloans.22 .A)Itwon'thelptheAmericaneconomytoturnaround.B)Itwon'tdoanygoodtothemajorcommercialbanks.C)ItwillwintheapprovaloftheObamaadministration.D)Itwillbenecessaryiftheeconomystartstoshrinkagain.Questions23to25arebasedontherecording

19、youhavejustheard.23 .A)Beingunabletolearnnewthings.B)Beingratherslowtomakechanges.C)Losingtempermoreandmoreoften.D)Losingtheabilitytogetonwithothers.24 .A)Cognitivestimulation.B)Communityactivity.C)Balanceddiet.D)Freshair.25 .A)Ignoringthesignsandsymptomsofaging.B)Adoptinganoptimisticattitudetowards

20、life.C)Endeavoringtogiveupunhealthylifestyles.D)Seekingadvicefromdoctorsfromtimetotime.PartIIIReadingComprehension(40minutes)SectionADirections:Inthissection,thereisapassagewithtenblanks.Youarerequiredtoselectonewordforeachblankfromalistofchoicesgiveninawordbankfollowingthepassage.Readthepassagethro

21、ughcarefullybeforemakingyourchoices.Eachchoiceinthebankisidentifiedbyaletter.PleasemarkthecorrespondingletterforeachitemonAnswerSheet2withasinglelinethroughthecentre.Youmaynotuseanyofthewordsinthebankmorethanonce.Pursuingacareerisanessentialpartofadolescentdevelopment.“Thedolescentbecomesanadultwhen

22、he_26_arealjob."ToognitiveresearcherslikePiaget,adulthoodmeantthebeginningofan_27_.Piagetarguedthatonceadolescentsentertheworldofwork,theirnewlyacquiredabilitytoformhypothesesallowsthemtocreaterepresentationsthataretooideal.The_28_ofsuchideals,withoutthetemperingoftherealityofajoborprofession,r

23、apidlyleadsadolescentstobecome_29_ofthenon-idealisticworldandtopressforreforminacharacteristicallyadolescentway.Piagetsaid:Trueadaptationtosocietycomes_30_whentheadolescentreformerattemptstoputhisideastowork.”Ofcourse,youthfulidealismisoftencourageous,andnoonelikestogiveupdreams.Perhaps,taken_31_out

24、ofcontexPiaget'sstatementseemshWrshathewas_32°however,isthewayrealitycanmodifyidealisticviews.Somepeoplerefertosuchmodificationasmaturity.Piagetarguedthatattainingandacceptingavocationisoneofthebestwaystomodifyidealizedviewsandtomature.Ascareersandvocationsbecomelessavailableduringtimesof_3

25、3_,adolescentsmaybeespeciallyhardhit.Suchdifficulteconomictimesmayleavemanyadolescents_34_abouttheirrolesinsociety.Forthisreason,communityinterventionsandgovernmentjobprogramsthatoffersummerandvacationworkarenotonlyeconomically_35_butalsohelptostimulatetheadolescent'ssenseofworth.A)automatically

26、I)incidentallyB)beneficialJ)intolerantC)capturingK)occupationD)confusedL)promisesE)emphasizingM)recessionF)entranceN)slightlyG)excitedO)undertakesH)existenceSectionBDirections:Inthissection,youaregoingtoreadapassagewithtenstatementsattachedtoit.Eachstatementcontainsinformationgiveninoneoftheparagrap

27、hs.Identifytheparagraphfromwhichtheinformationisderived.Youmaychooseaparagraphmorethanonce.Eachparagraphismarkedwithaletter.AnswerthequestionsbymarkingthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet2.Cansocietiesberichandgreen?A"Ifoureconomiesaretoflourish,ifglobalpovertyistobeeliminatedandifthewell-beingo

28、ftheworld'peopleenhanced-notjustinthisgenerationbutinsucceedinggenerationswemustmakesurewetakecareofthenaturalenvironmentandresourcesonastereotypicaltree-hugging,save-the-worldgreenie(保主義者),butfromGordonBrown,apoliticianwithareputationforrigour,thoroughnessandaboveall,caution.which our economic

29、activity depends.That statementasmeu noight imagine, fromBAsurprisingthingforthemanwhorunsoneoftheworld'smostpowerfuleconomiestosay?Perhaps;thoughintherun-uptothefive-yearreviewoftheMillennium(千年的)Goals,heisfarfromalone.Therootsofhisspeech,giveninMarchattheroundtablemeetingofenvironmentandenergy

30、ministersfromtheG20groupofnations,stretchbackto1972,andtheUnitedNationsConferenceontheHumanEnvironmentinStockholm.C"Theprotectionandimprovementofthenumanenvironmentisamajorissuewhichaffectsthewell-beingofpeoplesandeconomicdevelopmentthroughouttheworld,readthefinaldeclarationfromthisgathering,th

31、efirstofasequencewhichwouldleadtotheRiodeJaneiroEarthSummitin1992andtheWorldDevelopmentSummitinJohannesburgthreeyearsago.DHuntthroughthereportspreparedbyUNagenciesanddevelopmentgroups-manyforconferencessuchasthisyear'MillenniumGoalsreviewandyouwillfindthatthelinkagebetweenenvironmentalprotection

32、andeconomicprogressisacommonthread.EManagingecosystemssustainablyismoreprofitablethanexploitingthem,accordingtotheMillenniumEcosystemAssessment.Butfindinghardevidencetosupportthethesisisnotsoeasy.Thoughtsturnfirsttosomesortofglobalstatistic,someindicatorwhichwouldratethewealthofnationsinbotheconomic

33、andenvironmentaltermsandshowarelationshipbetweenthetwo.FIfsuchanindicatorexists,itiswellhidden.Andonreflection,thisisnotsurprising;thesingleword“environmenthassomanydimensions,andtherearesomanyotherfactorsaffectingwealthsuchastheoildepositsthatteasingoutasimpleeconomy-environmentrelationshipwouldbea

34、lmostimpossible.GTheMillenniumEcosystemAssessment,avastfour-yearglobalstudywhichreporteditsinitialconclusionsearlierthisyear,foundreasonstobelievethatmanagingecosystemssustainably-workingwithnatureratherthanagainstitmightbelessprofitableintheshortterm,butcertainlybringslong-termrewards.HAndtheWorldR

35、esourcesInstitute（WRI）initsWorldResources2005report,issuedattheendofAugust,producedseveralsuchexamplesfromAfricaandAsia;italsodemonstratedthatenvironmentaldegradationaffectsthepoormorethantherich,aspoorerpeoplederiveamuchhigherproportionoftheirincomedirectlyfromthenaturalresourcesaroundthem.IButther

36、earealsomanyexamplesofgrowingwealthbytrashingtheenvironment,inrichandpoorpartsoftheworldalike,whetherthroughunregulatedmineralextraction,drasticwateruseforagriculture,slash-and-burnfarming,orfossil-fuel-guzzling（大量消耗）transport.Ofcourse,suchgrowthmaynotpersistinthelongtermwhichiswhatMr.BrownandtheSto

37、ckholmdeclarationwerebothattemptingtopointout.PerhapsthebestexampleofboomgrowthandbustdeclineistheGrandBanksfishery.Foralmostfivecenturiesaverylargesupplyofcod（魚雪魚）providedabundantrawmaterialforanindustrywhichatitspeakemployedabout40,000people,sustainingentirecommunitiesinNewfoundand.Then,abruptly,t

38、hecodpopulationcollapsed.Therewerenolongerenoughfishintheseaforthestocktomaintainitself,letaloneanindustry.Morethanadecadelater,therewasnosignoftheecosystemre-buildingitself.Ithad,apparently,beenfishedoutofexistence;andtheoncemightyNewfoundlandfleetnowgropesaboutfranticallyforcrabontheseafloor.JTher

39、eisaviewthatmodernhumansareinevitablysowingtheseedofaglobalGrandBanks-styledisaster.Theideaisthatwearetakingmoreoutofwhatyoumightcalltheplanet'senvironmentalbankbalancethanitcansustwn;arelivingbeyondourecologicalmeans.Onerecentstudyattemptedtocalculatetheextentofthisecologicaloversh00tofthehuman

40、economy”,andfoundthatweareusing1.2Earth-worthofenvironmentalgoodsandservicestheimplicationbeingthatatsomepointthedebtwillbecalledin,andallthoseservicesthethingswhichtheplanetdoesforusforfree-willgrindtoahalt.KWhetherthisisright,andifsowhereandwhentheecologicalaxewillfall,ishardtodeterminewithanyprec

41、isionwhichiswhygovernmentsandfinancialinstitutionsareonlybeginningtobringsuchrisksintotheireconomiccalculations.Itisalsothereasonwhydevelopmentagenciesarenotunitedintheirviewofenvironmentalissues;whilesome,liketheWRI,maintainthatenvironmentalprogressneedstogohand-in-handwitheconomicdevelopment,other

42、sarguethatthepriorityistobuildathrivingeconomy,andthenusethewealthcreatedtotackleenvironmentaldegradation.LThisviewassumesthatrichsocietieswillinvestinenvironmentalcare.Butisthisright?Dothingsgetbetterorworseaswegetricher?HeretheStockholmdeclarationisambiguous.“thedevelopingcountries,it"says,mo

43、stoftheenvironmentalproblemsarecausedbyunderdevelopment."Soitissayingthateconomicdevelopmentshouldmakeforacleanerworld?Notnecessarily;'thdnndustrializedcountries,environmentalproblemsaregenerallyrelatedtoindustrializationandtechnologicaldevelopment,itcontinues.Inotherwords,poorandrichbothov

44、er-exploitthenaturalworld,butfordifferentreasons.Itsimplynottruethateconomicgrowthwillsurelymakeourworldcleaner.MClearly,richersocietiesareabletoprovideenvironmentalimprovementswhichliewellbeyondthereachofpoorercommunities.Citizensofwealthynationsdemandnationalparks,cleanrivers,cleanairandpoison-fre

45、efood.Theyalso,however,usefarmorenaturalresources-fuel,water(allthosebathsandgolfcourses)andbuildingmaterials.NAcasecanbemadethatrichnationsexportenvironmentalproblems,themostgraphicexamplebeingclimatechange.Asacountry'swegrows,sodoitsgreenhousegasemissions.Thefiguresavailablewillnotbecompletely

46、accurate.Measuringemissionsisnotaprecisescience,particularlywhenitcomestoissuessurroundinglanduse;notallnationshavere-leasedup-to-datedata,andinanycase,emissionsfromsomesectorssuchasaviationarenotincludedinnationalstatistics.Butthedataisexactenoughforacleartrendtobeeasilydiscernible.Ascountriesbecom

47、ericher,theyproducemoregreenhousegases;andtheimpactofthosegaseswillfallprimarilyinpoorpartsoftheworld.OWealthisnot,ofcourse,theonlyfactorinvolved.TheaverageNorwegianisbetteroffthantheaverageUScitizen,butcontributesabouthalfasmuchtoclimatechange.ButcouldNorwaykeepitsstandardoflivingandyetcutitsemissi

48、onstoMoroccanorevenEthiopianlevels?Thatquestion,repeatedacrossadozenenvironmentalissuesandacrossourdiverseplanet,iswhatwillultimatelydeterminewhetherthehumanraceislivingbeyonditsecologicalmeansasitpursueseconomicrevival.36 .Examplesshowthatbothrichandpoorcountriesexploitedtheenvironmentforeconomicpr

49、ogress.37 .Environmentalprotectionandimprovementbenefitpeopleallovertheworld.38.Itisnotnecessarilytruethateconomicgrowthwillmakeourworldcleaner.39 .ThecommonthemeoftheUNreportsistherelationbetweenenvironmentalprotectionandeconomicgrowth.40 .Developmentagenciesdisagreeregardinghowtotackleenvironmenti

50、ssueswhileensuringeconomicprogress.41 .Itisdifficulttofindsolidevidencetoproveenvironmentalfriendlinessgeneratesmoreprofitsthanexploitingthenaturalenvironment.42 .Sustainablemanagementofecosystemswillproverewardinginthelongrun.43 .Apoliticiannotedforbeingcautiousassertsthatsustainablehumandevelopmen

51、tdependsonthenaturalenvironment.44 .Poorcountrieswillhavetobearthecostforrichnations'economicdevelopment.45 .OnerecentstudywarnsusofthedangeroftheexhaustionofnaturalresourcesonEarth.SectionCDirections:Thereare2passagesinthissection.Eachpassageisfollowedbysomequestionsorunfinishedstatements.Forea

52、chofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).YoushoulddecideonthebestchoiceandmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet2withasinglelinethroughthecentre.PassageOneQuestions46to50arebasedonthefollowingpassage.Interactivetelevisionadvertising,whichallowsviewerstousetheirremotecontrolstoclickonadvertise

53、ments,hasbeenpushedforyears.Nearlyadecadeagoitwaspredictedthatviewersof“Friends”,apopularsituationcomedy,wouldsoonbeabletopurchaseasweaterlikeJenniferAniston'withafewtapsontheirremotecontrol."Ibeenstheyearofinteractivetelevisionadvertisingforthelasttenortwelveyears,saysColinDixonofadigital-

54、mediaconsultancy.SothenewsthatCablevision,andAmericancablecompany,wasrollingoutinteractiveadvertisementstoallitscustomersonOctober6thwasgreetedwithsomeskepticism.Duringcommercials,anoverlaywillappearatthebottomofthescreen,promptingviewerstopressabuttontorequestafreesampleororderacatalogue.Cablevisio

55、nhopestoallowcustomerstobuythingswiththeirremotecontrolsearlynextyear.Televisionadvertisingcoulddowithaboost.Spendingfellby10%inthefirsthalfoftheyear.Thepopularizationofdigitalvideorecordershascausedadvertiserstoworrythattheircommercialswillbeskipped.SomeareturningtotheInternet,whichischeaperandoffe

56、rsconcretemeasurementslikeclick-throughratesespeciallyimportantatatimewhenmarketingbudgetsaretight.Withthelaunchofinteractiveadvertising,“moathedollarsthatwenttotheInternetwillcomebacktotheTV,“saysavidKlineofCablevision.Orsotheindustryhopes.Intheory,interactiveadvertisingcanengageviewersinawaythat30

57、-secondspotsdonot.UnileverrecentlyrananinteractivecampaignforitsAxedeodoran除臭齊J),whichkeptviewersengagedformorethanthreeminutesonaverage.Theamountspentoninteractiveadvertisingontelevisionisstillsmall.Magna,anadvertisingagency,reckonsitwillbeworthabout$138millionthisyear.Thatfallsfarshortofthebillion

58、sofdollarspeopleonceexpectedittogenerate.ButDirecTVComcastandTimeWarnerCablehaveallinvestedinit.AneweffortledbyCanoeVentures,acoalitionofleadingcableproviders,aimstomakeinteractiveadvertisingavailableacrossAmericalaterthisyear.BrightLineit,Whichdesignsandsellsinteractiveads,saysinteresthassurged:ite

59、xpectsitsrevenuesalmosttotriplethisyear.Bosky,Britainbisgestsatellite-televisionservice,alreadyprovides9millioncustomerswithinteractiveads.Yettherearedoubtswhetherpeoplewatchingtelevision,a"learback"mediumcraveinteraction.Click-throughrateshavebeenhighsofar(around3-4%,comparedwithlessthan0.3%online),butthatmaybearesultoft