1、公路工程英語詞匯第1頁，共13頁abrasiveness磨耗度absolute datum絕對基面abutment橋臺abutment pier制動墩acceleration lane加速車道accidental load偶然荷載accommodation lane專用車道acoustic barrier隔音墻acting circles of blasting爆破作用圈additional stake加樁adjacent curve in one direction同向曲線admixture外加劑adverse grade for safety反坡安全線aerial photogrammet

2、ry航空攝影測量aerophoto base航攝基線aerophoto interpretation航攝像片判讀ageing老化aggregate集料(骨料)air hardening氣硬性alignment design(城市道路)平面設計，線形設計alignment element線形要素alligator cracking路面龜裂allowable rebound deflection容許(回彈)彎沉alternative line比較線anchored bulkhead abutment錨錠板式橋臺anchored bulkhead retaining wall錨錠板式擋土墻ancho

3、red retaining wall by tie rods錨桿式擋土墻anionic emulsified bitumen陰離子乳化瀝青annual average daily traffic年平均日交通量anti-creep heap(廠礦道路)擋車堆anti-dizzling screen防炫屏(遮光柵)antiskid heap(廠礦道路)防滑堆approach span引橋aquitard隔水層arch bridge拱橋arch culvert拱涵arch ring拱圈arterial highway干線公路arterial road(廠內)主干道，(城市)主干路asphalt di

4、stributor瀝青灑布車asphalt mixing plant瀝青混合料拌和設備asphalt paver瀝青混合料攤鋪機asphalt remixer復拌瀝青混合料攤鋪機asphalt sand瀝青砂asphalt sprayer瀝青灑布機asphaltic bitumen地瀝青at-grade intersection平面交叉auxiliary lane附加車道average consistency(of soil)(土的)平均稠度average gradient平均縱坡azimuth angle方位角balance weight retaining wall衡重式擋土墻base c

5、ourse基層base line基線basic traffic capacity基本通行能力beam bridge梁橋beam level deflectometer杠桿彎沉儀bearing支座bearing angle象限角bearing pile支承樁bearing platform承臺bed course墊層bench mark水準點benched subgrade臺口式路基bending strength抗彎強度Benkelman beam杠桿彎沉儀(貝克曼彎沉儀)bent cap蓋梁berm護坡道binder結合料binder course聯結層公路工程英語詞匯第2頁，共13頁bit

6、umell瀝青bitumen extractor(瀝青混合料)抽提儀bitumen-aggregate ratio油石比bituminous concrete mixture瀝青混凝土混合料bituminous concrete pavement瀝青混凝土路面bituminous macadam mixture瀝青碎石混合料bituminous macadam pavement瀝青碎石路面bituminous mixture瀝青混合料bituminous pavement瀝青路面bituminous penetration pavement瀝青貫入式路面bituminous surface t

7、reatment(瀝青)表面處治blasting crater爆破漏斗blasting for loosening rock松動爆破blasting for throwing rock拋擲爆破blasting procedure土石方爆破bleeding泛油blind ditch盲溝blind drain盲溝block pavement塊為路面block stone塊石blow up拱脹boring鉆探boring log(道路)地質柱狀圖boring machine鉆孔機borrow earth借土borrow pit取土坑boundary frame on crossing道口限界架bou

8、ndary frame on road道路限界架boundary line of road construction道路建筑限界bowstring arch bridge系桿拱橋box culvert箱涵branch pipe of inlet雨水口支管branch road(城市)支路，(廠內)支道bridge橋梁bridge decking橋面系bridge deck pavement橋面鋪裝bridge floor expantion and contraction installation橋面伸縮裝置bridge girder erection equipment架橋機bridge o

9、n slope坡橋bridge site橋位bridge road馱道broken chainage斷鏈broken stone碎石broken back curve斷背曲線buried abutment埋置式橋臺bus bay公交(車輛)停靠站bypass公交繞行公路cable bent tower索塔cable saddle索鞍cable stayed bridge斜拉橋(斜張橋)cableway erecting equipment纜索吊裝設備california bearing ratio(CBR)加州承載比(CBR)california bearing ratio tester加州承

10、載比(CBR)測定儀camber curve路拱曲線cantilever beam bridge懸臂梁橋cantilever retaining wall懸臂式擋土墻capacity of intersection交叉口通行能力capacity of network路網通行能力capillary water毛細水carriage way車行道(行車道)cast-in-place cantilever method懸臂澆筑法cationic emulsified bitumen陽離子乳化瀝青cattle-pass畜力車道cement concrete水泥混凝土cement concrete mi

11、xture水泥混凝土混合料cement concrete pavement水泥混凝土路面center-island中心島center lane中間車道公路工程英語詞匯第3頁，共13頁center line of road道路中線center line survey中線測量center stake中樁central reserve分隔帶channelization渠化交通channelization island導流島channelized intersection分道轉彎式交叉口chip石屑chute急流槽circular curve圓曲線circular road環路circular tes

12、t環道試驗city road城市道路civil engineering fabric土工織物classified highway等級公路classified road等級道路clay-bound macadam泥結碎石路面clearance凈空clearance above bridge floor橋面凈空clearance of span橋下凈空climatic zoning for highway公路自然區劃climbing lane爬坡車道cloverleaf interchange苜蓿葉形立體交叉coal tar煤瀝青cobble stone卵石coefficient of scour

13、ing沖刷系數cohesive soil粘性土cold laid method冷鋪法cold mixing method冷拌法cold-stretched steel bar冷拉鋼筋column pier柱式墩combination-type road system混合式道路系統compaction壓實compaction test擊實試驗compaction test apparatus擊實儀compactness test壓實度試驗composite beam bridge聯合梁橋composite pipe line綜合管道(綜合管廊)compound curve復曲線concave v

14、ertical curve凹形豎曲線concrete joint cleaner(水泥混凝土)路面清縫機concrete joint sealer(水泥混凝土)路面填縫機concrete mixing plant水泥混凝土(混合料)拌和設備concrete paver水泥混凝土(混合料)攤鋪機concrete pump水泥混凝土(混合料)泵concrete saw(水泥混凝土)路面鋸縫機cone penetration test觸探試驗conflict point沖突點conical slope錐坡consistency limit(of soil)(土的)稠度界限consolidated s

15、ubsoil加固地基consolidation固結construction by swing轉體架橋法construction height of bridge橋梁建筑高度construction joint施工縫construction load施工荷載construction survey施工測量continuous beam bridge連續梁橋contour line等高線contraction joint縮縫control point路線控制點converging合流convex vertical curve凸形豎曲線corduroy road木排道counterfort retai

16、ning wall扶壁式擋土墻counterfort abutment扶壁式橋臺country road鄉村道路county road縣公路(縣道)，鄉道creep徐變critical speed臨界速度公路工程英語詞匯第4頁，共13頁cross roads十字形交叉cross slope橫坡cross walk人行橫道cross-sectional profile橫斷面圖cross-sectional survey橫斷面測量crown路拱crushed stone碎石crushing strength壓碎值culture地物culvert涵洞curb路緣石curb side strip路側帶

17、curve length曲線長curve widening平曲線加寬curved bridge彎橋cut挖方cut corner for sight line(路口)截角cut-fill transition土方調配cut-fill transition program土方調配圖cutting路塹cycle path自行車道cycle track自行車道deceleration lane減速車道deck bridge上承式橋deflection angle偏角deflection test彎沉試驗degree of compaction壓實度delay延誤density of road net

18、work道路(網)密度depth of tunnel隧道埋深design elevation of subgrade路基設計高程design frequency(排水)設計重現期design hourly volume設計小時交通量design of elevation(城市道路)豎向設計design of vertical alignment縱斷面設計design speed計算行車速度(設計車速)design traffic capacity設計通行能力design vehicle設計車輛design water level設計水位designed elevation設計高程designe

19、d flood frequency設計洪水頻率dislicking treatment防滑處理Deval abrasion testing machine狄法爾磨耗試驗機(雙筒式磨耗試驗機)diamond interchange菱形立體交叉differential photo微分法測圖direction angle方向角directional interchange方向式立體交叉diverging分流dowel bar傳力桿drain opening泄水口drainage by pumping station(立體交叉)泵站排水drainage ditch排水溝dressed stone料石d

20、rop water跌水dry concrete干硬性混凝土ductility(of bitumen)(瀝青)延度ductilometer(瀝青)延度儀dummy joint假縫dynamic consolidation強夯法economic speed經濟車速economical hauling distance土方調配經濟運距element support構件支撐elevation高程(標高)embankment路堤emergency parking strip緊急停車帶emulsified bitumen乳化瀝青erecting by floating浮運架橋法erection by lo

21、ngitudinal pulling method縱向拖拉法erection by protrusion懸臂拼裝法公路工程英語詞匯第5頁，共13頁erection with cableway纜索吊裝法evaporation pond蒸發池expansion bearing活動支座expansive soil膨脹土expantion joint脹縫expressway(城市)快速路external distance外(矢)距fabricated bridge裝配式橋fabricated steel bridge裝拆式鋼橋factories and mines road廠礦道路factory ex

22、ternal transportation line對外道路factory-in road廠內道路factory-out road廠外道路fast lane內側車道faulting of slab ends錯臺feeder highway支線公路ferry渡口fibrous concrete纖維混凝土field of vision視野fill填_方filled spandrel arch bridge實腹拱橋final survey竣工測量fineness細度fineness modulus細度模數fixed bearing固定支座flare wing wall abutment八字形橋臺fl

23、ared intersection拓寬路口式交叉口flash point閃點flash point tester(open cup method)閃點儀(開口杯式)flexible pavement柔性路面flexibie pier柔性墩floor system橋面系flush curb平緣石foot way人道道ford過水路面forest highway林區公路forest road林區道路foundation基礎free style road system自由式道路系統free way高速公路free-flow speed自由車速freeze road凍板道路freezing and t

24、hawing test凍融試驗frost boiling翻漿frozen soil凍土full depth asphalt pavement全厚式瀝青(混凝土)路面function planting功能栽植general scour under bridge opening橋下一般沖刷geological section(道路)地質剖面圖geotextile土工織物gradation級配gradation of stone(路用)石料等級grade change point變坡點grade compensation縱坡折減grade crossing平面交叉grade length limit

25、ation坡長限制grade of side slope邊坡坡度grade separation簡單立體交叉grade-separated junction立體交叉graded aggregate pavement級配路面grader平地機grain composition顆粒組成granular material粒料gravel礫石gravity pier(abutment)重力式墩、臺gravity retaining wall重力式擋土墻green belt綠化帶gridiron road system棋盤式道路系統ground control-point survey地面控制點測量公路

26、工程英語詞匯第6頁，共13頁ground elevation地面高程ground stereophotogrammetry地面立體攝影測量guard post標柱guard rail護欄guard wall護墻gully雨水口gutter街溝(偏溝)gutter apron平石gutter drainage渠道排水half-through bridge中承式橋hard shoulder硬路肩hardening硬化hardness硬度haul road運材道路heavy maintenance大修hectometer stake百米樁hedge綠籬height of cut and fill a

27、t center stake中樁填挖高度high strength bolt高強螺栓high type pavement高級路面highway公路highway landscape design公路景觀設計hill-side line山坡線(山腰線)hilly terrain重丘區horizontal alignment平面線形horizontal curve平曲線hot laid method熱鋪法hot mixing method熱拌法hot stability(of bitumen)(瀝青)熱穩性hydraulic computation水力計算hydraulicity水硬性imagin

28、ary intersection point虛交點immersed tunnelling method沉埋法inbound traffic入境交通incremental launching method頂推法industrial district road工業區道路industrial solid waste(路用)工業廢渣industrial waste base course工業廢渣基層inlet雨水口inlet submerged culvert半壓力式涵洞inlet unsubmerged culvert無壓力式涵洞inorganic binder無機結合料instrument sta

29、tion測站intensity of rainstorm暴雨強度intercepting ditch截水溝interchange互通式立體交叉interchange with special bicycle track分隔式立體交叉intermediate maintenance中修intermediate type pavement中級路面intersection(平面)交叉口intersection angle交叉角，轉角intersection entrance交叉口進口intersection exit交叉口出口intersection plan交叉口平面圖intersection p

30、oint交點intersection with widened corners加寬轉角式交叉口jack-in method頂入法kilometer stone里程碑land slide坍方lane車道lane-width車道寬度lateral clear distance of curve(平曲線)橫凈距lay-by緊急停車帶level of service道路服務水平leveling course整平層leveling survey水準測量light-weight concrete輕質混凝土lighting facilities of road道路照明設施公路工程英語詞匯第7頁，共13頁li

31、me pile石灰樁line development展線linking-up road聯絡線、連接道路liquid asphaltic bitumen液體瀝青liquid limit液限living fence綠籬load荷載loading berm反壓護道loading combinations荷載組合loading plate承載板loading plate test承載板試驗local scour near pier橋墩局部沖刷local traffic境內交通location of line定線location survey定測lock bolt support with shotcr

32、ete噴錨支護loess黃土longitudinal beam縱梁longitudinal gradient縱坡longitudinal joint縱縫loop ramp環形匝道Los Angeles abrasion testing machine洛杉面磨耗試驗機(擱板式磨耗試驗機)low type pavement低級路面main beam主梁main bridge主橋maintenance養護maintenance period大中修周期manhole檢查井marginal strip路緣帶Marshall stability apparatus馬歇爾穩定度儀Marshall stabi

33、lity test馬歇爾試驗masonry bridge圬工橋maximum annual hourly volume年最大小時交通量maximum dry unit weight(標準)最大干密度maximum longitudinal gradient最大縱坡mine tunnelling method礦山法mineral aggregate礦料mineral powder礦粉mini-roundabout微形環交minimum height of fill(路基)最小填土高度minimum longitudinal gradient最小縱坡minimum radius of horizo

34、ntal curve最小平曲線半徑minimum turning radius汽車最小轉彎半徑mixed traffic混合交通mixing method拌和法mixture混合料model split交通方式劃分modulus of elasticity彈性模量modulus of resilience回彈模量modulus ratio模量比monthly average daily traffic月平均日交通量motor way高速公路mountainous terrain山嶺區movable bridge開啟橋mud淤泥multiple-leg intersection多岔交叉natio

35、nal trunk highway國家干線公路(國道)natural asphalt天然瀝青natural scour自然演變沖刷natural subsoil天然地基navigable water level通航水位nearside lane外側車道net-shaped cracking路面網裂New Austrian Tunnelling Method新奧法observation point測點one-way ramp單向匝道open cut method明挖法open cut tunnel明洞open spandrel arch bridge空腹拱橋公路工程英語詞匯第8頁，共13頁ope

36、ncast mine road露天礦山道路operating speed運行速度optimum gradation最佳級配optimum moisture content最佳含水量optimum speed臨界速度organic binder有機結合料origin-destination study起迄點調查outbound traffic出境交通outled submerged culvert壓力式涵洞outlet inlet main road城市出入干道overall speed區間速度overlay of pavement罩面overpass grade separation上跨鐵路立

37、體交叉overtaking lane超車車道overtaking sight distance超車視距paper location 紙上定線paraffin content test含蠟量試驗parent soil原狀土parking lane停車車道parking lot停車場parking station公交(車輛)停靠站part-cut part-fill subgrade半填半挖式路基pass埡口passing bay錯車道patrol maintenance巡回養護paved crossing道口鋪面pavement路面pavement depression路面沉陷pavement

38、recapping路面翻修pavement slab pumping路面板唧泥pavement spalling路面碎裂pavement strengthening路面補強pavement structure layer路面結構層pavemill路面銑削機(刨路機)peak hourly volume高峰小時交通量pedestrian overcrossing人行天橋pedestrian underpass人行地道penetration macadam with coated chips上拌下貫式(瀝青)路面penetration method貫入法penetration test appar

39、atus長桿貫入儀penetration(of bitumen)(瀝青)針入度penetrometer(瀝青)針入度儀periodical maintenance定期養護permafrost多年凍土permanent load永久荷載perviousness test透水度試驗petroleum asphaltic bitumen石油瀝青photo index像片索引圖(鑲輯復照圖)photo mosaic像片鑲嵌圖photogrammetry攝影測量photographic map影像地圖pier橋墩pile and plank retaining wall柱板式擋土墻pile bent p

40、ier排架樁墩pile driver打樁機pipe culvert管涵pipe drainage管道排水pit test坑探pitching method鋪砌法plain stage of slope邊坡平臺plain terrain平原區plan view(路線)平面圖plane design(城市道路)平面設計plane sketch(道路)平面示意圖planimetric photo綜合法測圖plant mixing method廠拌法plastic limit塑限plasticity index塑性指數poisson's ratio泊松比公路工程英語詞匯第9頁，共13頁poli

41、shed stone value石料磨光值pontoon bridge浮橋porosity空隙率portable pendulum tester擺式儀possible traffic capacity可能通行能力post-tensioning method后張法pot holes路面坑槽preliminary survey初測preloading method預壓法prestressed concrete預應力混凝土prestressed concrete bridge預應力混凝土橋prestressed steel bar drawing jack張拉預應力鋼筋千斤頂pretensionin

42、g method先張法prime coat透層productive arterial road生產干線productive branch road生產支線profile design縱斷面設計profilometer路面平整度測定儀proportioning of cement concrete水泥混凝土配合比protection forest fire-proof road護林防火道路provincial trunk highway省干線公路(省道)railroad grade crossing(鐵路)道口ramp匝道rebound deflection回彈彎沉reclaimed aspha

43、lt mixture再生瀝青混合料reclaimed bituminous pavement再生瀝青路面reconnaissance踏勘red clay紅粘土reference stake護樁reflection crack反射裂縫refuge island安全島regulating structure調治構造物reinforced concrete鋼筋混凝土reinforced concrete bridge鋼筋混凝土橋reinforced concrete pavement鋼筋混凝土路面reinforced earth retaining wall加筋土擋土墻relative moistu

44、re content(of soil)(土的)相對含水量relief road輔道residential street居住區道路resultant gradient合成坡度retaining wall擋土墻revelling of pavement路面松散reverse curve反向曲線reverse loop回頭曲線ridge crossing line越嶺線ridge line山脊線right bridge正交橋right bridge正橋rigid frame bridge剛構橋rigid pavement剛性路面rigid-type base剛性基層ring and radial r

45、oad system環形輻射式道路系統ripper松土機riprap拋石road道路road alignment道路線形road appearance路容road area per citizen(城市)人均道路面積road area ratio(城市)道路面積率road axis道路軸線road bed路床road bitumen路用瀝青road condition路況road condition survey路況調查road crossing(平面)交叉口road crossing design交叉口設計road engineering道路工程road feasibility study(

46、道路工程)可行性研究road improvement改善工程公路工程英語詞匯第10頁，共13頁road intersection道路交叉(路線交叉)road mixing method路拌法road network道路網road network planning道路網規劃road planting道路綠化road project(道路工程)方案圖road trough路槽road way路幅rock breaker鑿巖機rock filled gabion石籠roller壓路機rolled cement concrete碾壓式水泥混凝土rolling terrain微丘區rotary inte

47、rchange環形立體交叉rotary intersection環形交叉roundabout環形交叉route development展線route of road道路路線route selection選線routine maintenance小修保養rubble片石running speed行駛速度rural road郊區道路saddle back埡口safety belt安全帶safety fence防護柵salty soil鹽漬土sand砂sand drain(sand pile)砂井sand gravel砂礫sand hazard沙害sand mat of subgrade排水砂墊層s

48、and patch test鋪砂試驗sand pile砂樁sand protection facilities防沙設施sand ratio砂率sand sweeping回砂sand sweeping equipment回砂機sandy soil砂性土saturated soil飽和土scraper鏟運機seal coat封層secondary trunk road(廠內)次干道，(城市)次干路seepage well滲水井segregation離析semi-rigid type base半剛性基層separate facilities分隔設施separator分隔帶sheep-foot rol

49、l羊足壓路機(羊足碾)shelter belt護路林shield盾構(盾構挖掘機)shield tunnelling method盾構法shoulder路肩shrinkage limit縮限side ditch邊溝side slope邊坡side walk人行道sieve analysis篩分sight distance視距sight distance of intersection路口視距sight line視線sight triangle視距三角形silty soil粉性土simple supported beam bridge簡支梁橋single direction thirsted p

50、ier單向推力墩single-size aggregat同粒徑集料siphon culvert倒虹涵skew bridge斜交橋skew bridge斜橋skid road集材道路公路工程英語詞匯第11頁，共13頁slab bridge板橋slab culvert蓋板涵slab staggering錯位slide滑坡slope protection護坡slump坍落度snow hazard雪害snow plough除雪機snow protection facilities防雪設施soft ground軟弱地基soft soil軟土softening point tester(ring ball

51、 method)(瀝青)軟化點儀(環球法)softening point(of bitumen)(瀝青)軟化點solubility (of bitumen)(瀝青)溶解度space headway車頭間距space mean speed空間平均速度span跨徑span by span method移動支架逐跨施工法spandrel arch腹拱spandrel structure拱上結構special vehicle特種車輛speed-change lane變速車道splitting test劈裂試驗spot speed點速度spreading in layers層鋪法springing彈簧現

52、象stabilizer穩定土拌和機stabilized soil base course穩定土基層stage for heaping soil and broken rock碎落臺staggered junction錯位交叉standard axial loading標準軸截steel bar heading press machine鋼筋冷墩機steel bridge鋼橋steel extention machine鋼筋拉伸機stiffness modulus勁度stone coating test石料裹覆試驗stone crusher碎石機stone spreader碎石撒布機stoppi

53、ng sight distance停車視距stopping truck heap(廠礦道路)阻車堤street街道street drainage街道排水street planting街道綠化street trees行道樹strengthening layer補強層strengthening of structure加固stringer縱梁striping test for aggregate集料剝落試驗structural approach limit of tunnel隧道建筑限界sub-high type pavement次高級路面subgrade路基subgrade drainage路基

54、排水submersible bridge漫水橋subsidence沉陷subsoil地基substucture下部結構superelevation超高superelevation runoff超高緩和段superstructure上部結構supported type abutment支撐式橋臺surface course面層surface evenness路面平整度surface frost heave路面凍脹surface permeameter路面透水度測定儀surface roughness路面粗糙度surface slipperinness路面滑溜surface water地表水surface-curvature apparatus路面曲率半徑測定儀surrounding rock圍巖公路工程英語詞匯第12頁，共13頁suspension bridge懸索橋switch-back curve回頭曲線T intersection丁字形交叉(T形交叉)T-shaped rigid frame bridgeT形剛構橋tack coat粘層tangent leng