1、成人高等教育學士學位英語考試復習資料一、考試題型本考試包括5個部分：閱讀理解、詞匯和語法、完形填空、英譯漢和寫作。客觀題目全部按順序統一編號。考試時間為120分鐘。第一部分閱讀理解(ReadingComprehension),共4篇短文，共20題，占總分的40%第二部分詞匯和語法(VocabularyandStructure),共40題，占總分的20%第三部分完形填空(Cloze),共20題，占總分的10%第四部分英譯漢(TranslationfromEnglishintoChinese),12個段落，占總分的15%第五部分寫作(Writing),占總分的15%閱讀理解專項練習Passage1

2、Thesecretofbeingbornluckyisasummerbirthday,withMaybabiesmostlikelytoenjoyalifetimeg00dfortune,accordingtoastudyofmorethan40,000people.Thetimeofyearatwhichyouarebornhasanenduringinfluenceonlevelsofoptimismandself-reportedluck,accordingtoaresearchbyBritishandSwedishscientists.Maywastheluckiestmonthinw

3、hichtobeborn,with50percentofthosebornthenconsideringthemselveslucky,whileOctoberwastheleastluckymonth,withjust43percentclaiminggoodfortune.Thefindingsaddtogrowingevidencethatthephenomenonofluckisnotalldowntochance,butisaffectedbyaperson'sgeneraldisposition.Otherhasgshownthatwhetherpeoplethinkthe

4、mselvesfortunatedependslessonobjectivesuccessthanonhavinga-full"or"glasshalf“ha-fempty"approachtolife."Whatweareseeingsuggeststhatsomethingisinfluencinghowpeopleperceivetheirluckiness.Myhypothesisisthatpeoplecreatetheirownluckbytraitssuchasoptimism,thatluckisapsychologicalphenome

5、nonratherthanamatterofblindchance,ProfessorRichardWiseman,wholedtheresearch.Thepatternoftheresult,withthoseborninspringandinsummerreportingthemselvesluckierthanthoseborninautumnorwinter,couldhavetwopotentialexplanations,ProfessorWisemansaid.1. Accordingtothepassage,whetherpeoplethinkthemselvesluckyo

6、rnotdependsonthefollowingfactorsEXCEPT.A. one'sobjectivesuccessB. one'sgeneraldispositionC. one'sattitudetolifeD. one'splaceofbirth2. Accordingtothepassage,thosewhowereborninregardthemselvesasthemostfortunate.A.MarchB.AprilC.MayD.October3. WhichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUEaccording

7、tothepassage?A. Optimisticpeopletendtobeluckier.B. Devotedpeopletendtobeluckier.C. Objectivesuccessismoreimportantthanone'sgeneraldispositioninfeelinglucky.D. Peopledrinkingmorewatertendtobeluckier.4. Whichofthefollowingwordscanbebestreplacetheword“trait”(Line7,Para.2)?A.Quality.B.Expectation.C.

8、Belief.D.Idea5. Whatisthebesttitleforthepassage?A. LuckisSomethingBornB. LuckisNotAllDowntoChanceC. LuckisaMatterofBlindChanceD. LuckandAgePassage2Manhasalwayswantedtofly.Someofthegreatestmeninhistoryhadthoughtabouttheproblem.Oneofthem,forexample,wasthegreatItalianartist,LeonardoDaVinci.Inthe16thcen

9、turyhemadedesignsformachinesthatwouldfly,buttheywereneverbuilt.Throughouthistory,otherlessfamousmenhadwantedtofly.AnexamplewasamaninEngland800yearsago.Hemadeapairofwingsfromchickenfeathers.Thenhefixedthemtohisbodyandjumpedintoairfromatallbuilding.Hedidnotflyveryfar.Instead,hefelltothegroundandbrokee

10、veryboneofhisbodyandrestedinpeace.ThefirstrealsteptookplaceinFrance,in1783.Twobrothers,theMontgolfiers,madeaverylarge“hotairballoon”.Theyknewthathotairrises.Whynotfillaballoonwithit?Theballoonwasmadeofclothandpaper.InSeptemberofthatyear,theKingandQueenofFrancecametoseetheballoon.Theywatcheditcarryth

11、everyfirstairpassengersintothesky.Thepassengerswereasheepandachicken.Wedonotknowhowtheyfeltaboutthetrip.Butwedoknowthatthetriplastedeightminutesandthattheanimalslandedsafely.Twomonthslater,twomendidthesamething.TheyroseaboveParisinaballoonofthesamekind.Theirtriplastedtwenty-fiveminutesandtheytravele

12、dabout.1. LeonardoDaVinci.A. saidthatmanwouldflyintheskyonedayB. builtakindofmachinewhichneverflewC. madedesignsforflyingmachinesD. drewmanybeautifulpicturesofbirds2. EighthundredyearsagoanEnglishman.A. madeakindofflyingmachineB. triedtoflywithwingsmadeofchickenfeathersC. wantedtobuildakindofballoon

13、D. triedtoflyonalargebird3. Infact,theEnglishmanwhotriedtofly.A.gotbadlywoundedB.succeededinflyingC.losthislifeD.flewonly8minutes4. Theveryfirstairpassengersintheballoonwere.A.twoanimalsB.theMontgolfiersC.twoFrenchmenD.theKingandQueen5. WhendidtwoFrenchmenriseaboveParis?A.InDecember1783.B.InSeptembe

14、r1783.C.Inthe17thcentury.D.InNovember1783.Passage3Dietingtoloseweighthasbecomeverypopularinrecentyears.Peoplehavebecomemorehealthconsciousandtrytotakebettercareoftheirbodiesbyeatingmorenutritiously（有營養的）andexercisingmoreregularlytoloseanyunnecessaryfatthattheymayhave.Notonlyarepeoplebeingmorecareful

15、aboutwhattheyeat,theyarealsoconcernedwithhowtheyeatandhowtheirmealsareprepared.Peoplearetakingmoretimeforeachmeal.Manyavoidthesocalled“plafodhamfastgersandchoosetoeatasaladorasandwichofmorehealthfulingredients（成分）inaquietrestaurantwithamoreleisurelyatmosphere.Athome,theyalsotrytotakeenoughtimetoeata

16、relaxingdinnerwithoutphoneorTVinterruptions.Whiledietingmaybeviewedasbeneficial,ithasalsobecomeaseriousproblemforAmericans,particularlyforyoungwomen.Dietingforthemhasactuallybecomeapsychologicaladdiction（依賴）.Theyeatsolittlethattheycanloseasmuchasfiftypercentoftheirtotalbodyweight,andalthoughtheylook

17、likeskeletons,theystillinsistthattheyarefat.Thecurrentwavesofexercising,dietingandtheproblemsproducedhavecausedmanyorganizationstobegineducatingthepublic.Manyschools,hospitals,healthorganizations,newspapersandmagazines,forexample,areofferingclasses,printingbookletarticles,etc.toinformthepublicofthew

18、aytoexerciseanddiet,ofthedangersofdietingtoorapidly,andoftheplacespeoplecangoformedicalhelpiftheyfindthemselvesontheroadto“dietaddiction1. Thesedayspeoplearedietingmorebecause.A. theyhavebecomefatterandfatterB. theyhaverealizedthedangerofeatingC. theyhavebecomemorehealthconsciousD. theyhavetakenbett

19、ercareofthemselves2. Whatchangeshavepeoplemadeintheatmosphereofmealtime?A. Theyaretakingmoretimeforeachmeal.B. Theyareeatinginquietrestaurantswithmoreleisurelyatmosphere.C. AthometheyareeatingwithoutphoneorTVinterruptions.D. Alloftheabove.3. “Theylooklikeskeletons"inthethirdparagraphmostprobabl

20、ymeans.A. theyareveryprettyB. theyareveryuglyC. theyaretoothinD. theyarestarving4. Themainideaofthelastparagraphisabout.A. howtheorganizationstrytohelppeoplewithdietingaddictionB. whatkindofmediacanbeusedtoeducatethepublicC. wherepeoplewithdietingaddictioncangotoaskforhelpD. whatcausestheorganizatio

21、nstobegineducatingthepublic5. Accordingtothepassage,wecaninferthattheatmosphereofeatinghassomethingtodowithA.dietingB.mannersC.healthD.exercisingPassage4DoyouknowwhoBenjaminBannekerwasandwhathedid?BenjaminBannekerwasaself-educatedscientistatatimewhenmostAfricanAmericanswereslaves.Bornafreeblackmanin

22、theBritishColonyofMarylandin1731,hereceivedsomeformaleducation,buthemostlyborrowedbooksandtaughthimselfscienceandmathematics.At22,heborrowedapocketwatch,andwithoutanytraining,figuredouthowtocarveaworkingwoodenclockthatchimedeachhour.Becauseofthisclock,hebecamewellknownandpeoplewouldvisithimjusttosee

23、hiscreation.Bannekerranhisfamilyfarmfrommanyyears,butwhenhewasinhislate50s,aneighborsonlenthimatelescope.Hebecameinterestedinastronomy,thestudyoftheplanetsandstars,andagaintaughthimselfanewscience.Hemadecalculationsoftides,sunrisesandsunsets,andevenpredictedaneclipse.Forseveralyearshepublishedanalma

24、nacofthesecalculations.Today,heisbestknownforpublishingsixalmanacs,called“BenjanSnnneker'sAlmanac"between1792and1797.Inthe1790s,BannekeralsohelpedsurveyandlayoutthelandforWashington,D.C.,whichbecamethenation'scapital.ForalookatBanneker'samazinglife,visittheBenjaminBannekerHistorical

25、Park&MuseuminEllicottCity,Maryland.1. WhatwasthestatusofmostAfrican-AmericansatBanneker'stime?A. MostAfrican-Americanscouldhaveformaleducation.B. MostAfrican-Americanscouldbeself-educated.C. MostAfrican-Americanshadfreedom.D. MostAfrican-Americanswereslaves.2. WhatsubjectsdidBenjaminteachhim

26、self?A. Scienceandmathematics.B. Science,mathematicsandastronomy.C. Astronomyonly.D. SixAlmanac.3. Hebecamefamousattheageof22becauseof.A.awatchB.atelescopeC.abookD.aclock4. Theword“almanac”(Line5,Para.2)probablymeans.A.abookB.anobjectC.asurveyD.adiary5. WhichofMr.Banneker'sworksisbestknown?A. Ec

27、lipseprediction.B. Helpingsurveyingthecapital.C. BenjaminBannekermasnAalc.D. Awoodenclock.Passage5Theclockstruckelevenatnight.Thewholehousewasquiet.Everyonewasinbedexceptme.Underthestronglight,Ilookedsadlybeforemeatahugepileofthattroublesomestufftheycall"books”.Iwasgoingtohavemyexaminationthene

28、xtday.“WhencanIgotobed?Iaskedmyself.Ididn'tanswer.Infact,Idarenot.Theclockstrucktwelve.“Oh,dear!"Icried.“TenmorebookstoreadbeforeIcangotobed!Wepupilsarethemostwretchedcreaturesintheworld.Daddoesnotagreewithmeonthis.Hedidnothavetoworksohardwhenhewasaboy.Theclockstrokeone.Iwasquitedesperateno

29、w.IforgotallIhadlearned.Iwastootiredto“OhmGpassleaseXffilptomorrow.Igoon.IdidtheonlythingIcould.Iprayed,dopromisetoworkhardafterwards,Amen.MyeyesweresoheavythatIcouldhardlyopenthem.Afewminuteslater,withmyheadonthedesk,Ifellasleep.1. Whentheauthorwasgoingoverhislessons,alltheothersinthehousewere.A.qu

30、ietlylaughingathimC.workinginbed2. TheunderlinedwordA.veryhappyC.disappointed3. ReviewinghislessonsdidnB.outsideD.asleep“wretched"inPara.3probablymeansB.veryunhappyD.hopeful.'thelphimbecause.A.hehadn'tstudiedhardbeforetheexamination'tkeepthemopenB. hewasverytiredC. hiseyeslidweresoh

31、eavythathecouldnD. itwastoolateatnight4. Whatdoyousupposehappedtotheauthor?A. Hewenttochurchtoprayagain.B. Hefailedintheexam.C. Hepassedtheexambysheerluck.D. Hewaspunishedbyhisteacher.5. ThebesttitleforthepassagewouldbeA.ASlowStudentB. WorkingFarintotheNightC. TheNightbeforetheExaminationD. Goingove

32、rMyLessonsPassage6Todayanyonewillacceptmoneyinexchangeforgoodsandservices.Peopleusemoneytobuyfood,furniture,books,bicyclesandhundredsofotherstheyneedorwant.Whentheywork,theyusuallygetpaidinmoney.Mostofthemoneytodayismadeofmetalprpaper.Butpeopleusedtouseallkindsofthingsasmoney.Oneofthefirstkindsofmon

33、eywasshells.Shellswerenottheonlythingsusedasmoney.InChina,clothandkniveswereused.InthePhilippineIslands,ricewasusedasmoney.InpartsofAfrica,cattlewereoneoftheearliestmoney.Otheranimalswereusedasmoneytoo.ThefirstmetalcoinsweremadeinChina.Theywereroundandhadasquareholeinthecenter.Peoplestrungthemtogeth

34、erandcarriedthemfromplacetoplace.Differentcountrieshaveuseddifferentmetalsanddesignsfortheirmoney.ThefirstcoinsinEnglandweremadeoftin.SwedenandRussiausedcoppertomaketheirmoney.Later,othercountriesbegantomakecoinsofgoldandsilver.Butevengoldandsilverwereinconvenientifyouhadtobuysomethingexpensive.Agai

35、ntheChinesethoughtofawaytoimprovemoney.Theybegantousepapermoney.Thefirstpapermoneylookedmorelikeanotefromonepersontoanotherthanpapermoneyusedtoday.Moneyhashadaninterestinghistoryfromthedaysofshellmoneyuntiltoday.1. Whichofthefollowingcanbecitedasanexampleoftheuseofmoneyinexchangeforservices?A. Tosel

36、labicyclefor$20.B. Togetsomemoneyforoldbooksatagaragesale.C. Tobuythingsyouneedorwant.D. Togetpaidforyourwork.2. Wherewereshellsusedasmoneyinhistory?A.InthePhilippines.B.InChina.C.InAfrica.D.Wedon'tknow.3. WhydidancientChinesecoinshaveasquareholeinthecenter?A. Becauseitwouldbeeasiertoputthemtoge

37、therandcarrythemaround.B. Becauseitwouldbelighterforpeopletocarryfromplacetoplace.C. Becausepeoplewantedtomakeitlooknicer.D. Becausepeoplewantedtosavetheexpensivemetaltheyweremadefrom.4. Whydoestheauthorsaythatevengoldandsilverwereinconvenientifyouhadtobuysomethingexpensive?A. Becausetheyaredifficul

38、tforpeopletoobtain.B. Becausetheythemselvesareexpensive,too.C. Becausetheyarenoteasytocarryaround.D. Becausetheyareeasytosteal.5. Whichdoyouchooseasthebesttitleforthispassage?A. MoneyandItsUseB. DifferentThingsUsedasMoneyC. DifferentCountries,DifferentMoneyD. TheHistoryofMoneyPassage7InDenmark,paren

39、tsareallowedtosetupanewschooliftheyaredissatisfiedwiththeschoolintheareawheretheyareliving.Althoughtheseschoolshavetofollowthenationalcourse,theyareallowedalotofchoicesindecidingwhattoteach.Someofthesenewschoolsarecalled“smallschools"becauseusuallythenumberofpupilsinthemisonlysixty,butaschoolha

40、stohaveatleasttwenty-sevenpupils.CooleenbridgeSchoolinIreland,isasmallschoolsimilartotheonesinDenmark,itwassetupbyparentswhocamefromHolland,Germany,Czechoslovakia,EnglandandotherpartsofIreland.Theycamebecausetheywantedtoliveinthecountrysideandtogrowtheirownfood.InJune1986,theydecidedtostartaschool.T

41、heymanagedtogetanold,disusedprimaryschoolbuildingandstartedwithtwenty-fourchildrenagedfromfourtotwelve.Theteacherssay,Theimportantthinginschoolisdoing,notsitting.Andsothecouincludeyoga,cooking,knitting,kite-making,music,fishing,dramaandenvironmentalriverstudies,aswellasreading,writing,mathsandscienc

42、e.1. WhataretherulesforsettingupanewschoolinDenmark?A. Parentsareallowedtosetuptheirownschool.B. Theschoolhastofollowthenationalcourses.C. Theschoolhastohaveatleast27students.D. Alloftheabove.2. ThewritertellsabouttheCooleenbridgeSchoolintheIrelandbecause.A. itwassetupbyparentswhoarenotpeopleofDenma

43、rkB. itwastakenasanexampleofthiskindof“smallschool”C. thereareonlytwenty-fourchildrenD. thepupilstherewereagedfrom4to123. Whatmakesthiskindofschoolspecial?A. Itissetupbyparentsnotbygovernment.B. Itisfreetodecidewhattoteach.C. Thenumberofpupilsinitisonlysixty.D. Ithastohaveatleast27pupils.4. “Thempor

44、tantthinginschoolisdoing,notsitting.WhattheteacherssayactuallymeansA. whatweshoulddoisteachingintheclassroom,notsittingintheofficeB. childrenshoulddomorehomeworkathome,notjustsitinclasstolistentotheteachersC. childrenshouldlearnbythemselvesnotrelyonteachersD. childrenshouldlearnthroughpracticenotjus

45、tfrombooks5. Thecoursesinclude.A. yoga,cooking,knitting,kite-making,music,fishing,dramaandenvironmentalriverstudies,exceptwriting,mathsandscienceB. eitheryoga,cooking,knitting,kite-making,music,fishing,dramaandenvironmentalriverstudies,orreading,writing,mathsandscienceC. notonlyreading,writing,maths

46、andscience,butalsoyoga,cooking,knitting,kite-making,music,fishing,dramaandenvironmentalriverstudiesD. mainlyyoga,cooking,knitting,kite-making,music,fishing,dramaandenvironmentalriverstudies,andsupplemental（補充的）writing,mathsandsciencePassage8IntheUnitedStates,30percentoftheadultpopulationhasaweightpr

47、oblem.Tomanypeople,thecauseisobvious:theyeattoomuch.Butscientificevidencedoeslittletosupporttheidea.GoingbacktotheAmericaofthe1910s,wefindthatpeoplewerethinnerthantoday,yettheyatemorefood.Inthosedayspeopleworkedharderphysically,walkedmore,usedmachinesmuchlessanddidn'twatchtelevisioSeveralmoderns

48、tudies,moreover,haveshownthatfatterpeopledonoteatmoreonaveragethanthinnerpeople.Infact,someinvestigations,suchasthe1979studyof3,545Londonofficeworkers,reportthat,onbalance,fatpeopleeatlessthanslimmerpeople.Studiesshowthatslimpeoplearemoreactivethanfatpeople.AstudybyaresearchgroupatStanfordUniversity

49、SchoolofMedicinefoundthefollowinginterestingfacts:Themorethemenrun,themorebodyfattheylost.Themoretheyran,thegreateramountoffoodtheyate.Thus,thosewhorunthemostatethemost,yetlostthegreatestamountofbodyfat.1. ThephysicalproblemthatmanyadultAmericanshaveisthat.A. theyaretooslimB. theyworktoohardC. theya

50、retoofatD. theylosetoomuchbodyfat2. Accordingtothearticle,given500adultAmericans,willhaveaweightproblem.A.30B.50C.100D.1503. Isthereanyscientificevidencetosupportthateatingtoomuchisthecauseofaweightproblem?A. Yes,thereisplentyofevidence.B. Ofcourse,thereissomeevidencetoshowthisistrue.C. Thereishardl

51、yanyscientificevidencetosupportthat.D. Wedon'tknowbecausetheinformationnotgiven.4. IncomparisonwiththeadultAmericanpopulationtoday,theAmericansofthe1910s.A. atemorefoodandhadmorephysicalactivities.B. atelessfoodbuthadmoreactivitiesC. atelessfoodandhadlessphysicalexerciseD. hadmoreweightproblems5

52、. Modernscientificresearchershavereportedtousthat.A. fatpeopleeatlessfoodandarelessactiveB. fatpeopleeatmorefoodthanslimpeopleandaremoreactiveC. fatpeopleeatmorefoodthanslimpeoplebutarelessactiveD. thinpeoplerunless,buthavegreaterincreaseinfoodintakePassage9Massmedia,thetoolsofcommunication,canbediv

53、idedintotwogroups:printmediaandelectronicmedia.Byprintmedia,wemeanbooks,newspapersandmagazines.Electronicmediaincludetelevision,computer,radioandmovie.Massmediaallowustorecordandpassinformationrapidlytoalarge,scatteredaudience.Theyextendourabilitytotalktoeachotherbyhelpingusovercomebarrierscausebyti

54、meandspace.Massmediamakedailylifeeasierforusinvariousways.Firstly,theyhelpuskeepawatchonourworld.Theygatherandpassoninformationwewouldbeunlikelyorunabletoobtainonourown.Secondly,massmediahelpusarrangeourtimeandlife.Whatwetalkaboutandwhatwethinkaboutaregreatlyinfluencedbythemedia.Whenpeoplegettogethe

55、r,theytendtotalkaboutcertainhappeningsinnewspapersoronTV.Becauseweareexposedtodifferentpointsofviewthroughdifferentkindsofmediaeveryday,weareabletoevaluateallsidesofacertainissue.Thirdly,themediaareusedtopersuadepeople.Newspapers,magazinesandTVarefilledwithallkindsofcolorful,persuasiveadvertisements

56、.Thoughmanyadvertisementsmaynotsayopenlythattheywantyoutobuyacertainproduct,theydescribetheirproductsinsuchawaythatyoumaywanttobuythem.Fourthly,themediaalsoentertain.Allmediamakeeffortstoentertaintheiraudience.Forinstance,eventhoughthenewspaperisaprimemediumofinformation,italsocontainsentertainmentf

57、eatures.Television,motionpicture,someradiostationsandmagazinesaredevotedmainlytoentertainment.Itisestimatedthatinthefuture,theentertainmentfunctionofmassmediawillbecomeevenmoreimportantthanitisnow.1. Whatmakesitpossibleforpeoplelivingindifferentplacestocommunicatewitheachother?A.Printedmedia.B.Massm

58、edia.C.Electronicmedia.D.Computers.2. WhichofthefollowingfunctionsofmassmediaisNOTmentioned?A. Tomakepeoplewellinformedabouttheworld.B. Toamuseandentertainpeople.C. Tohelppeoplearrangetheirtimeandlife.D. Togivepeopleasenseofhonor.3. CertainmattersinnewspapersoronTVtendtobetalkedaboutwhenpeoplegettogetherbecause.A. peoplearecuriousaboutthemB. peopleareinfluencedbythosemassmediaC. itisfashionableforpeopletodosoD. itiseasyforpeopletocommunicateinthisway4. Howdoesadvertisementm