1、Unit 4system 系統，體系solar system 太 陽 系 government systems 政府體系interest vt. 使一感興趣常用:Sth. interest Sb. interested adj. 感興 趣的 interesting adj. 令人感興趣 Ieg: What he said interested all of us.We are interested in the interesting story.1. 根據一個普遍接受的理論， 宇宙起源于一次大爆炸，這 次大爆炸把物質射向四面八 方。（背過）a widely accepted theory,

2、the universe started with .throw matter in all directions.世界上獨一無二的東西，前面 加定冠詞the,例如：the sun, the moon, the earth, the university, the world. 但是名 詞前若有adj修飾，一般用不定 冠詞 a/an。例如：There is a big moon in the sky.Start/begin with 以開始； to start/begin with 首先 =first of allwide adj.&adv. Wide 做副詞表 示具體的寬 He la

3、y here, with his eyes wide open./ wide awake.widely adv. 修飾抽象的廣泛 的 The book is widely read.Direction 表示方向常和 in,from搭配。從某個方向用from, 朝某方向用in.in all directions 四面八方in the opposite direction 朝 相反的方向例如：The woman went to the direction from which she came.這個女士走向她來的方 向。to do 一般做目的狀語，但有時 候也可做結果狀語，見課本第一段最后。Onl

4、y to do結果發現常表示意料之外的結果。例如： She went to the supermarket, only to find/only to be toldthat all the salt had been sold out.2. be to do用法，自己列出。settle 定居；解決；停留，落下；使某人坐在某個位置；精神 的鎮靜例如：We finally settled in Jinan.定居The question ishardtosettle/solve. 解決The bird settledonthebranch. 停留在樹枝上 My father settledhims

5、elfinthe sofa after work.坐在沙發上The medicine can help to settle your nerves.鎮靜神經3. last VI持續維持其后的介詞for經常省略。The meeting lasted （for） three hours.4. in time 及時 in timeto do/ in time for最終，遲早。相當于 sooner or later ,eventually例如：We were just in time for the flight.= Wewere just in time to catch the plane.Do

6、n t worry. I amsure things will get better in time.辨析：in time/ on time/ at a time（ 一次，每次）/at one time（曾經，一度）/ at times=sometimes（有時候）5. atmosphere 大氣層，經常與定冠詞聯用the atmosphere 氣氛，氛圍 例如：An atmosphere of tension（ 緊 張）f川ed Japan after the earthquake.The atmosphere over dinner was warm and friendly.6. As

7、the earth cooled down, .as在本句中為連詞，翻譯為：隨著。可以和 with復合結 構互換。例如：As time goes by, we are older and older. = With time goingby,11. unlike prep. 不像Unlike his brother, he is diligent.不像弟弟，他很勤奮。It is unlike him to be late.遲到可不像他的風格。I dislike eating fish. I like eating meat.我不喜歡吃魚，我喜歡吃肉。What is the weather li

8、ke? 天氣怎么樣？He is likely to come尸 it islikely that he will come. 他 很可能回來。12. be fundamental to對至關重要，基礎 fundamental differences 根 本的不同13. make it possible for lifeto develop 為 make錠語 + 賓補的結構在此it形式賓 語，不定式為真正的賓語。賓補可以有多種成分充當， 但不能加ing形式。例如：We made him president.我們選他做總統。Weshould try our best to make the roo

9、m clean.I spoke aloud to make myself heard.讓我自己被聽見。The mother madethe boy do his work all day.被動 The boy was made to do his work all day.14. multiply 繁殖，增加，乘例如：Cells multiply by means of cell division.The answer is 30 if you multiply 6 and 5.Your effort will multiply your chance of success.15. call

10、A B 叫.A 是 B The boy called Jim is a kind boy.I lived in what you called Greece.16. for the first time 第一 次，為介詞短語，一般做時間狀0The first time 為連詞，連 接句子It is /was the first time that sb. have/had done sth.例如：Today, I climbed on the Qianfo Mount for the first time.I fell in love with the car the first time I

11、 saw it.It is the first time that I have visited the city.lay eggs 下蛋lie - lied-lied 撒謊lie lay lain 躺，位于 lay laid laid 放置，下蛋Helaid the books on the shelf.他把書放在書架上了。The hen lays an egg a day. 這 只母雞每天下一個蛋。He lied to his mother. 他對 母親撒謊了。18. exist不及物動詞，不用于被動語態， 不用于進行時態。名詞：existence/ come into existence

12、 =come into being 形成，產生 例如：There exist warm-hearted people everywhere.Wecan' t exist without water. No one knows when the earth came into existence.19. remain vi&link-v 保持， 維持，仍然，剩余the remaining money 剩下的蛋 糕I am sorry. My work remains unfinished.After many years, he remains single./ he remai

13、ns a teacher.The problem remains to be solved.It remains to be see whether we can finish it in time.20. spread 伸展；延伸；（消 息，火）等蔓延，傳播 The news spread through the school quickly.The mother spread a cloth on the table.The fire spread quickly, but all the people were able to escape.21. thus adv 相當于 theref

14、ore 因此The universities have expanded, thus allowing more students to get a higher education.He forgot to turn on the radio and thus missed the news.He knocked out Tom, thus becoming the champion.22. in one' s turn 輪到./ by turns 輪流/ in turn 依次，輪流 反之，從而/ in return (for)作為回報例如：Today, I amin myturn

15、on duty to clean the room.The two brothers looked after their sick mother by turns.I gave him some money in return for his help.= He helped me. In return, I gave him some money.高考再現：A clean environment can help the city bid for the Olympics, which will promoteits economic development.A .in nature re

16、turn turn fact23.prevent/keep/stop from . 阻止。注意keep后的from不能省，省掉意思就是使一一直 干.Shelter/protect from 保護免受.The heavy snow prevented all of us (from) arriving at school on time.The sunglasses can shelter us from the sunlight.24. depend on依靠，依賴；取決于When we are old, we have to depend on our children to earn mo

17、ney.Whether you will stay or notdepends on you.It/that depends.看情況吧。高考再現：-How often do you eat out?-, but usually once a week. A. I have no idea.B. it depends. C. as usual D.Generally speaking25. the year to come= the coming year 在將要到來的一 年。To come做后置定語】26. block out 擋住(光線和聲音等)；忘記，抹掉The tall building

18、 blocked out the sunlight.She wanted to block out the unhappy experience.27. visit n&v visit sp.Pay a visit to sp.We are going to pay a visit to/visit the USA in the holiday.28. explain sth. to sb.= explain to sb. sth. -explanation(n)Youhad better explain to your mother the thing.29. lessenThe p

19、ain is lessening after taking the medicine.The government takes measures to lessen the impact of the earthquake.30. get/be close(adj.) to靠近close adv. 具體 的近 stand/sit close(adv.) toclosely 抽象的仔細地，嚴謹 地密切地The child examined the animal closely.31. asas結構中，若中間為第 三人稱單數名詞需要這樣： as+adj.+a/an+n+asHe is as kind a boy as you.= He is a boy as kind as you.32. 倍數表達法：A + 動詞+fi1數+asasA + 動詞 +倍數 + more than . A + 動詞 +倍數+the