1、高中英語語法精講之表語從句 在復合句中做表語的從句，叫做表在復合句中做表語的從句，叫做表語從句。它位于主句的語從句。它位于主句的系動詞系動詞am , is, are, was, were, seem, look, taste, remain等等之后，對主語進行解釋，說明，使主之后，對主語進行解釋，說明，使主語的內容具體化。語的內容具體化。The question is who will do it. 表語從句放在連系動詞表語從句放在連系動詞之后，充當復合句中的表語。之后，充當復合句中的表語。 The question is who will do it.The question is diff

2、icult.（ 表表 ）表語從句表語從句（ 表表 ）可接表語從句的系動詞有：可接表語從句的系動詞有： 1. be 2. feel, seem, look, appear, sound, taste, smell 3. stand, lie, remain, keep, stay 4. become, get, grow, turn, go, come, run, fall 5. prove, turn out 1. 這個故事聽起來像是真的。 The story sounds true.2. 他似乎知道這件事。 He appears to know this.例句：例句：3. 這些桔子很好吃。

3、These oranges taste good.1. This is an English-Chinese dictionary. 2. The dinner smells good. 3. He fell in love. 4. My job is to teach you English.5. The question is who will do it. 2. 2. 表語從句的構成表語從句的構成主語主語 + 系動詞系動詞 + 引導詞引導詞 + 簡單句簡單句This is why he did it. 表語從句放在表語從句放在連系動詞連系動詞之后，充當復之后，充當復合句中的表語。合句中的

4、表語。His suggestion is that we should stay calm. That is why she was late.引導詞引導詞引導詞引導詞 （系動詞）（系動詞） + 引導詞引導詞 + 簡單句簡單句 （主語）（主語） +What I want to say is that I am tired主語主語 + 系動詞系動詞 + 引導詞引導詞 + 簡單句簡單句觀察思考觀察思考：指出句子成分指出句子成分Henry was an American businessman.Henry met an American businessman. 主語主語 表語表語主語主語謂語謂語

5、賓語賓語（及物動詞）（及物動詞）連系動詞連系動詞1.1.從屬連詞從屬連詞as, as if / thoughas, as if / though引導的引導的表語從句表語從句He looked just as he had looked ten years before.It sounds as if someone is knocking at the door.他看起來還與十年前一樣。他看起來還與十年前一樣。聽起來好像有人在敲門。聽起來好像有人在敲門。 引導詞的用法（一）引導詞的用法（一）as if/though引導的表語從句常置于連系動詞引導的表語從句常置于連系動詞look, seem,

6、sound, be, become等后面，常用等后面，常用虛擬虛擬語氣，語氣，表示表示不存在不存在的動作或狀態。的動作或狀態。e.g. It sounds as if/though somebody was knocking at the door. 主語主語+連系動詞（連系動詞（look /seem /appear）+that/as if從句從句 as if, as though 引導的表引導的表語從句語從句*as if/as though引導的表語從句如果是引導的表語從句如果是事事實實，就用，就用陳述語氣陳述語氣，如果與事實，如果與事實不符不符，就，就用用虛擬語氣虛擬語氣(主句一般主句一般

7、現在時現在時，從句就用，從句就用一般過去時一般過去時，be變成變成were。主句是一般。主句是一般過去時過去時，從句用，從句用過去完成時過去完成時)。 It looks as if he were her own father. ( (與事實不符與事實不符) ) Dark clouds are gathering. It looks as if its going to rain.becausebecause引導表語從句通常用于引導表語從句通常用于“This/That/It is because”結構中。而結構中。而且主語一般不用且主語一般不用reason。My anger is becaus

8、e you havent written to me for a long time.Why were you absent from the meeting ? Was it because you were ill? 你為什么不來出席座談會？是病了么？你為什么不來出席座談會？是病了么？ 引導詞的用法（二）引導詞的用法（二）that, whythat, why 與與 becausebecause 引導表語從句時的引導表語從句時的區別區別 三者均可引導表語從句，但但 that 沒有詞義，沒有詞義，而而 why 和和 because 有自己的意思有自己的意思；另外，前者強調前者強調結果結果，后者

9、強調，后者強調原因原因。如：The reason was that you dont trust her. 原因是你不信任她。The fact is that they are angry with each other. 事實是他們生彼此的氣。He was ill. Thats why he was sent to the hospital. 他病了，所以被送到醫院來。He was sent to the hospital. Thats because he was ill. 他被送到醫院，是因為他生病了。例句：例句：(1) Thats because he didnt understand

10、 me.(2) Thats why he got angry with me .那是因為他不理解我。那是因為他不理解我。那正是他對我生氣的原因。那正是他對我生氣的原因。( (強調原因）強調原因）（強調結果）（強調結果）連接代詞連接代詞who, whom, whose, whoever, who, whom, whose, whoever, what, whatever, which, whichever,what, whatever, which, whichever,連接連接副詞副詞where, when, howwhere, when, how (1) The problem is who

11、 we can get to replace her. (2) The question is how he did it. (3) That is where he was born. 問題是我們能找到誰去替換她呢。問題是我們能找到誰去替換她呢。問題是他如何做此事的。問題是他如何做此事的。那就是他出生的地方。那就是他出生的地方。 where, when, why, how引導的表語從句引導的表語從句 連接副詞連接副詞where, when, why, how除在句中起除在句中起連接作用外，在從句中還充當時間、地點、連接作用外，在從句中還充當時間、地點、方式、原因狀語，本身具有詞義。方式、原因

12、狀語，本身具有詞義。 Thats where I cant agree with you. This is why Sara was late for the meeting. This is how they overcome the difficulties. My strongest memory is when I attended an American wedding.what 在表語從句中充當在表語從句中充當_ 表示表示_.1. The question is what caused the accident. 2. That mountain is no longer what

13、 it used to be .3. What he told you was what had been discussed at the meeting.主語、賓語或表語主語、賓語或表語什么，什么樣子，或所什么，什么樣子，或所的（人或事）的（人或事） 引導詞的用法（三）引導詞的用法（三）who who 在表語從句中充當在表語從句中充當_表示表示_._. The problem is who could do the work2. My trouble is who (whom) I can turn to.主語、賓語或表語主語、賓語或表語誰誰引導詞的用法（四）引導詞的用法（四） which

14、 在引導表語從句時在引導表語從句時,常充當常充當_ 表示表示 。如：。如： I read about it in some book or another,but what I dont know is which (book) it is. 定語定語, ,表語表語其中哪一個其中哪一個 引導詞的用法（五）引導詞的用法（五）1. that1) that 在從句中不擔任句子成分，無實際意不擔任句子成分，無實際意義，一般不能省略義，一般不能省略2)在表“建議，勸說，命令”的名詞idea, suggestion, request, proposal 等后面的表語從句中，謂語動詞用“should + 動

15、詞原形”（虛擬語氣），should可省略My opinion is that its getting better and better.1) My suggesstion is that we (should) start early tomorrow.引導詞的用法（一）引導詞的用法（一）名詞主語名詞主語+be+that引起的表語從句引起的表語從句主語名詞常常是主語名詞常常是表示事實，真理的名詞，如：表示事實，真理的名詞，如：fact, truth 表示看法，觀點、問題、麻煩的名詞，表示看法，觀點、問題、麻煩的名詞，如：如：idea, opinion, belief, view, news,

16、 advice, feeling, suggestion, plan, trouble, question, problem, 1.The fact is that our team has won the game.2.The truth is that she was the very person we are looking for.填空填空: The reason why we didnt trust him is _ he has often liedreason 做主語時，表語從句只能用做主語時，表語從句只能用that引導引導, 不能用不能用why 引導。句型結構為：引導。句型結

17、構為： The reason (why/for)is /was that. The reason is thatthatThe reason why he was late was that he missed the train by one minute this morning （當主語是當主語是reason時，表語從句時，表語從句要用要用that引導而不是引導而不是because）他早上來晚的原因是他晚了一分鐘而沒他早上來晚的原因是他晚了一分鐘而沒趕上火車。趕上火車。 whether在表語從句中表在表語從句中表 ,但不充當但不充當句子的成分。句子的成分。if 引導表語從句引導表語從句.

18、如如:1.What the doctor really doubts is whether my mother will recover from the serious disease soon.2. The question is whether it is worth doing.“是否是否”不能不能 引導詞的用法（五）引導詞的用法（五）四四. . 使用虛擬語氣的表語從句使用虛擬語氣的表語從句 在表示建議、勸告、命令含義的名詞后的在表示建議、勸告、命令含義的名詞后的表語從句，謂語動詞需用表語從句，謂語動詞需用should+should+動詞原形動詞原形 表示，表示，shouldshoul

19、d可省略。常見的詞有：可省略。常見的詞有：advice, advice, suggestion, order, proposal, plansuggestion, order, proposal, plan等。等。My suggestion is that we (should) start early tomorrow.表語從句引導詞注意事項表語從句引導詞注意事項1. 1. thatthat引導表語從句時引導表語從句時不能省不能省. .2. 2. ifif不能引導表語從句不能引導表語從句. .3. 3. 除除thatthat外的所有引導詞都有自外的所有引導詞都有自己的意義。己的意義。4. 4

20、. 除除that, whetherthat, whether外的所有引外的所有引導詞都須在導詞都須在從句中充當相應的從句中充當相應的成分成分 5.表語從句中，從句用陳述句語表語從句中，從句用陳述句語序序小結：小結：1. 表語從句的構成表語從句的構成: 引導詞引導詞+簡單句簡單句2. 引導詞引導詞: 連詞連詞that, whether, as ,as if 連接代詞連接代詞who, what, which連接副詞連接副詞when, where, how ,why 3. 3個注意點個注意點: if 不引導表語從句不引導表語從句主語為主語為reason時，引導詞用時，引導詞用that語序語序例題例題

21、1：The question is _ we will have our sports meeting next week.A. that B. if C. when D. whether D注意點注意點1：if 不能引導表語從句不能引導表語從句例題例題 2：The reason why he failed is _he was too careless.A. because B. that C. for D. because of B注意點注意點2： 主句主語為主句主語為reason, 只能用只能用that引導引導表語從句，不可用表語從句，不可用because. 用用because, tha

22、t, whybecause, that, why填空填空1、The reason was _ the heavy rain prevented him from coming.2、The reason _we didnt trust him is that he has often lied.3、It is _ he has often lied，so that we didnt trust him.注意點注意點3：reason后的定語從句可以用后的定語從句可以用why/that引導，引導，because一般用于一般用于it/this/that+從句句型中。從句句型中。 that whybec

23、ause注意點注意點4 4：如果從句是特殊疑問句，用陳述句語序如果從句是特殊疑問句，用陳述句語序The problem is _to take the place of John.A. who can we get B. what we can getC. who we can get D. that we can getC1. Go and get your coat. It s _you left it. A. where B. there C. there where D. where there2. The reason why he hasnt come is _. A. becau

24、se his mother is ill B. because of his mothers being ill C. that his mother is ill D. for his mother is ill A C3. That is _ we were late last time. A. that B. when C. why D. what4. _your father wants to know is_ getting on with your studies. A. What; how are you B. That；how you are C. How；that you are D. What；how you are CD1. The question is _ we will have our sports meet next week. that B. if C. when D. whether2The reason why he f