1、職稱英語考試真題理工類C（閱讀理解）第三部分：概況大意與完成句子New research lights the way to super-fast computers1) Newresearch published today inthe journal Nature Communications, has demonstrated how glass can be manipulated to create a material that willallow computers to transfer information using light. This development cou

2、ld significantly increase computer processing speeds and power in the future.2) The research by the University of Surrey, in collaboration with the University ofCambridge and the University of Southampton, has found it is possible to change the electronic properties of amorphous chalcogenides, a gla

3、ss material integral to data technologies such as CDs and DVDs. By using a technique called ion doping, the team ofresearchers have discovered a material that could use lightto bring together different computing functions into one component, leading to all-optical systems.3) Computerscurrentlyuseele

4、ctronstotransferinformationandprocess applications. On the other hand, data sources such as the internet rely on optical systems; the transfer of informationusing light.Opticalfibres are used to send information around the world at the speed of light, but these signals then have to be converted to e

5、lectrical signalsonce they reach a computer, causing a significant slowdown in processing.4) ” The challenge is to find a single material that can effectively use and controllight to carry information around a computer. Much like how the web uses light to deliver information, we want to use lightto

6、both deliver and process computer data, said project leader, Dr Richard Curry of the University of Surrey.5) ” This has eluded researchers for decades, but now we have now shown how awidely used glass can be manipulated to conduct negative electrons, as well as positivecharges, creating what are kno

7、wn as p-njunctiondevices. This should enable thematerial to act as a light source, a light guide and a light detector - something that can carry and interpret optical information. In doing so, this could transform the computers of tomorrow, allowing them to effectively process information at much fa

8、ster speeds.6) The researchers expect that the results of this research willbe integrated into computers within ten years. In the short term, the glass is already being developed and used in next-generation computer memory technology known as CRAM, which may ultimately be integrated with the advance

9、s reported.23. Paragraph 2 24. Paragraph 3 25. Paragraph 4 26. Paragraph 5 A.Expectation of the discovery B.the problem of current computersC.A new findingD. The purpose of the researchE. Public reaction to the discoveryF. The use of the new material27. The result of the research can help computers

10、to increase 28. Current computers transfer information using 29. The new glass material makes it possible to fulfill different computing function30. Glass is used in the research to carry and process A.optical information B.processing speeds C.electrons D.positive chargesE.data technologies F.all-op

11、tical systemsWhy Buy Shade-Grown Coffee?When people argue about whether coffee is good forhealth, they ruesually thinking of the health of the coffee drinker. Is it food for your heart? Does it increase blood pressure? Does it help you concentrate? However, coffee affects the health of the human pop

12、ulation in other ways, too.Traditionally, coffee bushes were planted under the canopy( 樹 冠 )of taller indigenous(土生土長的 )trees. However, more and more farmers in Latin America are deforesting the land to grow full-sun coffees. At first, this increases productionbecause more coffee bushes can be plant

13、ed if there aren t any trees. With increased production come increased profits.Unfortunately,deforestingforcoffeeproductionimmediatelydecreases local-wildlifehabitat. Native birds nest and hide from predators(捕食者 )in the tall trees and migrating birds rest there.Furthermore, in the long term, the fu

14、ll-sun method also damages the ecosystem because more chemical fertilizers and pesticidesare needed to grow the coffee. The fertilizers and pesticides killinsects that eat coffee plant, but then the birds eat the poisoned insects and also die. The chemicals kill or sicken other animals as well, and

15、can even enter the water that people will eventually drink.Fortunately, farmers in Central and South America are beginning to grow more coffee bushes in the shade. We can support these farmers by buying coffee with suchlabels as “ shadegrown ”and “ birdfriendly.S”ure, these varieties might cost a li

16、ttlemore. But we re paying for the health of the birds, the land, ourselves, and the planet. Ithink it s worth it.31. 【題干】 What is the main idea of this passage? 文章的主旨是A. Farmers are changing the way they grow coffee.農(nóng)民正改變他們種咖啡的方式B. Coffee is becoming more expensive to produce. 種植咖啡越來越貴C. Shade-grow

17、 coffee is more expensive than sun-grow coffee. 蔽光生長的咖啡比向光生長的咖啡貴D. People should buy shade-grown coffee. 人們應該買蔽光生長的咖啡32. 【題干】 The functionofthe word“ Traditionally show. 段落 2 中的 traditionally作用是來顯示A. the positive effects of coffee.咖啡的積極作用B.a change of coffee growth. 咖啡種植的變化C.something that is the mo

18、st important. 最重要的事情D.how coffee production used to be. 咖啡生產(chǎn)過去如何in ”Paragraph 2 is to33. 【題干】 What does increased production of full-sun coffee bring about?【選項】陽光充足的咖啡增加的產(chǎn)量帶來什么? A.More insects.更多的昆蟲B. Better quality coffee. 質(zhì)量更好的咖啡C. Larger farms. 更大的農(nóng)場D.Higher profits.更高利潤34. 【題干】 How do farmers fi

19、nd more land for growing full-sun coffee?【選項】農(nóng)民如何找更多的土地來種植陽光充足的咖啡A. They buy more land from other farmers.B. They cut down trees.C. They move to another country.D. They turn grassland into farmland.35. 【題干】 The full-sun method may affect the following EXCEPTfull sun方式可能影響以下 .A. insects.昆蟲B.air.空氣C.b

20、rids.鳥D.humans 人類Soot(煤煙灰 )and Snow: a Hot CombinationNew reasearch from NASA scientists suggests emissions of black soot after the way sunlight reflects off snow. According to a computer simulation, black soot may be responsible for 25 percent of observed global warming over the past century.Soot i

21、n the higher latitudes( 維度 )of the Earth, where ice is more common, absorbsmore of the sunesnergy and warmth than an icy, white background. Dark -colored black carbon, or soot, absorbs sunlight, while lighter colored ice reflects sunlight.Soot in areas with snow and ice may play an important role in

22、 climate change. Also,if snow and ice covered areas begin melting, the warming effect increase, as the soot becomes more concentrated on the snow surface.” This provides a positive feed glaciers and ice sheets melt, they tend to get even dirtier.” said Dr. Jame researcher at NASA s Goddard Institute

23、 for Space Studies, New York.Hansen found soot s effect on snow albedo(反照率 ), which may be contributing to trends toward early springs in the Northern Hemisphere, such as thinninbg Arctic sea ice and melting glaciers permafrost. Soot also is believed to play a role in changes inthe atmosphere above

24、the oceans and land.“ Blackcarbon reduces the amount of energy reflected by snow back into space, thus heading the snow surface more than if there were no black carbon,Soot inscreased absorption of solar energy is especially effecntive i n warming theworld cslimate.T”his forcing is unusually effecti

25、ve, causing twice as much globalwarming as a carbon-dioxide forcing of the same magnitude.” Hansen noted.Hansen cautioned, although the role of soot in altering global climate is substantial, it does not alter the fact that greenhouse gases are the primary cause of climate warming during the past ce

26、ntury. Such gases are expected to bi the largest climate forcing for the rest of the century.The researchers found that observed warming in the Northern Hermisphere was large in the winter and spring at middle and high latitudes. These observations werecoherent with the researchers climate model sit

27、uations, which showed some of thelargest warming effects occurred when there were heavy snow cover and sufficient sunlight.36. 【題干】 Which of the following statements of soot is NOT true? A.It absorbs sun s heat.B. It is responsible for climate change.C. It reflects sunlight.D. It may account for a q

28、uarter of global warming over the past century.37. 【題干】 Which of the following areas shows a greater warming effect?A. Ice sea areas.B. Areas with black carbon.C. Areas covered with white snow.D. Melting glaciers.38. 【題干】 ” This forcing” in Paragraph 5 roe?fers t A.sun s heating on snow surface.B.so

29、ot s increased absorption of solar energy. C.carbon-dioxide s warming effect.D.snow s increased reflection of sunlight.39. 【題干】 What is the main cause of climate warming during the past century? A.Soot.B.Snow.C.Greenhouse gases.D.Wind.40【.題干】The largest warming effects happened in the Northern Hemis

30、phere withA.X sea ice and insufficient sunlight.B. light snow cover and sufficient sunlight.C. heavy snow cover and sufficient sunlight.D. thick sea ice and insufficient sunlight. A Record-Breaking RoverNASA s Mars rover Opportunityhas boldlygone where no rover has gonebefore at least in terms of di

31、stance. Since arrivingon the Red Planet in 2004, Opportunity has traveled 25.01 miles, more than any other wheeled vehicle has onanotherworld.On July 27, after years of moving about on Martian ground, the golf-cart-sized Opportunity had driven more than 24 miles, beating the previous record holder a

32、 Soviet rover sent to the moon in 1973.“ Thisis so remarkable considering Opportunity was intended to drive about 1kilometerand was never designed fordistance,s”ays John Callas,theMarsExploration Rover Project Manager.He works at NASA s Jet Propulsion Laboratory in Pasadena,California. “ But what is

33、 really importantly is not how many miles the rover has racked up, but how much exploration and discovery we have accomplished over that distance.OPPORTUNITYThe solar-powered Opportunity and its twin rover, Spirit, landed on Mars 10 years ago on a mission expected to last 3 months. The objective of the rovers was to help scientists