1、Mei Wa Esther WooUniversity of Hong Kong Libraries 1. HR challenges for modern academic libraries 現代學術圖書館的人力資源挑戰2. Elements of performance: Skills, knowledge and talents 績效的元素: 技術、知識與才能3. Future academic librarians: What the employers and employees are looking for? 未來的學術圖書館館員: 雇主和雇員想要什么?Recruitment

2、and retention 招聘與挽留招聘與挽留 Greatest retirement waves of baby boomers (45% will retire between 2010 and 2020 in US) 嬰兒潮一代大量退休(美國45% 在2010至2020間退休) Knowledge economy and fast-changing world: People makes the difference 知識型經濟和高速變化的世界：成敗在于人才 More job opportunities for MLIS and university graduates圖書館學碩士和大

3、學畢業生有更多工作機會 Global quest for human resources: How to attract and keep Gen X and Millennials 全球也在爭奪人才：如何吸引和挽留X世代和千禧人 HR Reform and Budget Cut: More responsibility for management 人力資源改革和削減預算：管理層責任更多Tapping talents from existing staff 利用現利用現有員工的才能有員工的才能 Evolving needs of libraries: Identify new skills,

4、 knowledge and talents required for growing numbers of electronic-related or specialized positions 圖書館的需要在演變中：為不斷增加的電子或專門職位確定所需的新技術，知識和才能 People dont change that much: Dont waste time trying to put in what was left out, try to draw out what was left in 人不會改變很多：不要浪費時間添加那些或缺的東西，嘗試找出沒有發揮的 Gallup survey

5、ed over a million employees and 80,000 managers in 25 years 根據蓋洛普在根據蓋洛普在2525年內調查一百萬個雇員和年內調查一百萬個雇員和80,00080,000個經理個經理 Talented employees need GREAT MANAGERS 有有出色的經理出色的經理，就有才華出眾的雇員就有才華出眾的雇員 Greatest managers find and keep talented employees by using revolutionary wisdom 最出最出色的經理用反傳統的智慧尋找和留住有才華的雇色的經理用反

6、傳統的智慧尋找和留住有才華的雇員員Buckingham and Coffman, 1999Conventional Wisdom 傳統智慧 Select a personbased on his experience, intelligence and determination 挑選員工視乎其經驗、智力和決心 Set expectationsby defining the right steps 設定期望界定正確步驟 Motivate the personby helping him identify and overcome his weaknesses 激勵員工幫助他找出并克服缺點 De

7、velop the personby helping him learn and get promoted 栽培員工協助他學習和得到晉升 Select for talent 用人唯才用人唯才: Not simply experience, intelligence, or determination. 不是單看經驗，智力或決心 Define the right outcomes 界定所需成果界定所需成果: Not the right steps 不是在乎步驟 Focus on strengths 著眼于強項著眼于強項: Not on weaknesses 不是缺點 Find the right

8、 fit 尋找最合適的尋找最合適的: Not simply the next rung on the ladder 不是單看輩份 Focus game 游戲Three distinct elements of a persons performance 決定個人決定個人績效的三個明顯元素績效的三個明顯元素: Skills 技巧技巧How-tos of a role; capabilities that can be transferred from one person to another 如何擔當一個角色；能夠傳授給別人的一些能力 Knowledge 知識知識 Factual 事實的事實的

9、: Things you know 你知到的東西 Experiential 經驗的經驗的: Understandings you have picked up along the way 生活中累積對事物的了解 Striving 目標性的目標性的Talents explain the WHY of a person 解釋一個人為何這樣做的才能 Thinking 思考性的思考性的Talents explain the HOW of a person解釋一個人如何做事的才能 Relating 關系性的關系性的Talents explain the WHO of a person解釋一個人怎樣待人接

10、物的才能 List of most sought talents according to Gallup survey 根據蓋洛普調查最受用的才能 For recruitment, performance management, re-deployment, job redesign, team building, etc. 適用于招聘、績效評核、職位調配、重新設計現有工作、建立團隊等 Look beyond the job title and description 超越工作的職銜和描述 Institutional culture, style of the supervisor and o

11、ther team members and work environment also critical 機構文化，上司和其他隊員的作風和工作環境也有影響1.There will be an increased emphasis on digitizing collections, preserving digital archives, and improving methods of data storage and retrieval. 更著重數碼化館藏更著重數碼化館藏、保存、保存數碼檔案及數碼檔案及改善數改善數據儲存和提取的方法據儲存和提取的方法2.The skill set for

12、librarians will continue to evolve in response to the needs and expectations of the changing populations (student and faculty) that they serve.基于他們服務的群體基于他們服務的群體( (學生學生和學系職員和學系職員) )及其需要和期望不斷改變，圖書館館員的技術要求會繼續及其需要和期望不斷改變，圖書館館員的技術要求會繼續演變演變3.Students and faculty will increasingly demand faster and greate

13、r access to services.學生和學系職員會要求更快更多途徑學生和學系職員會要求更快更多途徑的服務的服務4.Debates about intellectual property will become increasingly common in higher education. 高等教育界對知識版權的辯論將越見高等教育界對知識版權的辯論將越見普遍普遍5.The demand for technology related services will grow and require additional funding. 與科技有關的服務要求會增加與科技有關的服務要求會增加，

14、相應須，相應須要更多撥款要更多撥款6.Higher education will increasingly view the institution as a business.高等教育機構將更像一盤生意高等教育機構將更像一盤生意7.Students will increasingly view themselves as customers and consumers, expecting high quality facilities and services.學生越來越把自己看成顧客和消費者學生越來越把自己看成顧客和消費者，期望高品質的設，期望高品質的設施和服務施和服務8.Distanc

15、e learning will be an increasingly common option in higher education and will co-exist but not threaten the traditional bricks-and-mortar model.遙距學習將是一種越來遙距學習將是一種越來越普遍高等教育選擇越普遍高等教育選擇，與傳統在課室上學的模式和平共存，與傳統在課室上學的模式和平共存9.Free, public access to information stemming from publicly funded research will conti

16、nue to grow.更多公眾要求免費獲取更多公眾要求免費獲取來自公帑資助的研究資料來自公帑資助的研究資料10. Privacy will continue to be an important issue in librarianship. 私隱權仍會是圖書館業的一個重要議題私隱權仍會是圖書館業的一個重要議題 Ability to think in multiple dimensions; see “the big picture” 多方面思索的能力多方面思索的能力；從大局著想；從大局著想 Understand and integrate the context for what tran

17、spires in libraries (Cultural, Social, Intellectual, Organizational, Political and Economic) 處事時能了解處事時能了解并融合各種影響圖書館運作的相關背景并融合各種影響圖書館運作的相關背景( (文化文化、社會社會、知知識界識界 、組織、組織、 政治和經濟政治和經濟) ) Critical thinking skills 批判性思考批判性思考 Ability to work independently 獨立處事能力獨立處事能力 Communication skills (Listening, Talking

18、, Writing) 溝溝通技巧通技巧( (聆聽、傾談、書寫聆聽、傾談、書寫) ) Presentation skills 演示技巧演示技巧 Keep up with new technology 不斷認識新科技不斷認識新科技 Understanding of organizational behavior(s) 了解組織了解組織行為行為 Ability to think strategically and tactically策略性思考策略性思考能力能力 Receptivity to constant change 接受改變的能力接受改變的能力 Ability to work well wi

19、th others 能與別人共事能與別人共事 Teamwork skills 小組工作技巧小組工作技巧 Collaboration skills 協作技巧協作技巧 Problem-solving skills 解難技巧解難技巧 Process and political skills (Consensus building, Decision making, Conflict resolution and Networking) 處事和政治技巧處事和政治技巧(建立共識建立共識、決策、調解紛爭和人際網絡、決策、調解紛爭和人際網絡) HR management 人力資源管理人力資源管理 Super

20、visory ability 指導指導 Staff development ability 員工發展員工發展 Training ability 訓練訓練 Fund management 基金管理基金管理 Project management 項目管理項目管理 Conversant with legal issues 熟悉法律事務熟悉法律事務 Grant writing 書寫申請撥款建議書寫申請撥款建議 Marketing 市場市場Public services 讀者服務讀者服務Outreach (Entertainment/Social, Information, Instruction) 外

21、外展展( (應酬應酬/ /社交、資訊、指導社交、資訊、指導) )Collection development and management (Selection, Acquisition, Organization, Delivery, Preservation) 館藏發展及館藏發展及管理管理( (挑選、采購、組織、傳遞、維護挑選、采購、組織、傳遞、維護) )Metadata services, including knowledge of various metadata standards, schema, models, and structures (Descriptive, Admi

22、nistrative, Structural, Technical)元數據服務，包括各種元元數據服務，包括各種元數據標準、綱要、模范和結構的知識數據標準、綱要、模范和結構的知識( (描述的描述的、行政的、結構的、技行政的、結構的、技術的術的) )Conversant with learning and teaching technologies 教學科技教學科技Conversant with a wide range of information technologies 資訊資訊科技科技Conversant with Web-related languages and technologie

23、s 與網與網絡相關的語言和科技絡相關的語言和科技Digital library services (Digitization, Management, Architecture) 數碼圖書館服務數碼圖書館服務( (數碼化、管理、建筑數碼化、管理、建筑) )Media services 媒體服務媒體服務 Creative/Imaginative 創新創新/ /想象想象 Flexible 有彈性有彈性 Self-motivated 自我激勵自我激勵 Confident 自信自信 Decisive 果斷果斷 Show initiative 自發自發 Entrepreneurial 企業精神企業精神

24、Risk takers 冒險冒險 Customer service 顧客服務顧客服務 Access to information 取用資訊取用資訊 Profession and professional development 職業和專業發展職業和專業發展 Change 轉變轉變 Continuous learning 不斷學習不斷學習 Themselves 自我觀感自我觀感 Ask a few open-ended questions and then try to keep quiet 問幾個開放式問題然后保持靜默 Explore past behaviour and listen for

25、 specific examples 發掘過去行為并聽取具體例子 Clues to talents: What kinds of roles one has been able to learn quickly; sources of satisfaction 尋找才能的線索: 什么職務能很快學好；工作滿足感從何而來 Know what to listen for 知道要聽取什么Exercise You are hired!練習練習- - 找個捧的館員找個捧的館員 Discuss with your group to work out a talent profile for a specif

26、ic librarian position, e.g. Multimedia Librarian or Faculty Liaison Librarian, you are going to recruit using the form distributed. 與你的組員商討一份才能要求概略來招聘某個特定的館員職位，把有關要求填寫在派發的表格上。 Design some questions/tests to find out whether candidates possess the skills and talents required. 設計一些問題/測驗去找出應征者是否具備所需才能。

27、What are our future librarians value for 未來的圖書館員重視什么未來的圖書館員重視什么? Salaries 薪金薪金 When the staff/candidates basic financial needs have been met, what will they care for? 當顧員/應征者已達到基本財政需要，他們還想要什么? Valued intangibles of librarianship 圖書館行業一些無形的價值 Such as good working environments, job security, cooperati

28、on or independency, intellectual stimulation, lifelong learning, etc.? 例如良好工作環境、工作穩定性、合作或獨立模式、智力開發、終身學習?Focus on a Strong and Vibrant Workplace 集中營造一個強健而充滿生氣的工作環境1.Do I know what is expected of me at work? 我知道上司對我的工作期望嗎?2.Do I have the materials and equipment I need to do my work right? 我有物料和器材去做好我的

29、工作嗎?3.At work, do I have the opportunity to do what I do best every day? 工作時我是否每天也有機會發揮我的所長?4.In the last seven days, have I received recognition or praise for doing good work? 在過去一周，我做得好的時候有否獲的認同或贊賞?5.Does my supervisor, or someone at work, seem to care about me as a person? 我的上司或是其他同事看來也關心我這個人嗎?6.