1、話題話題36 多元文化多元文化基礎知識自測基礎知識自測一、單詞識記一、單詞識記 1. _ n. 權威；權力權威；權力(pl.)2. _ n. 飛行器；飛機飛行器；飛機3. _ n. 行李行李4. _ n. 正義；公平正義；公平5. _ n. 苦難；艱難苦難；艱難hardship authorityaircraftluggagejustice6. _ v. 租用；雇傭租用；雇傭7. _ vi. 發生；出現發生；出現8. _ adj. 公民的；國內的公民的；國內的9. _ n. 手段；方法手段；方法10. _ adv. 無處；到處無處；到處nowhere hireoccurcivilmeans11

2、. _ vt.& n. 抓??；抓緊抓??；抓緊12. _ v. & n.改革改革 13. _ n. & adj. 代理；副職代理；副職14. _ vi. 滑動；滑行滑動；滑行n. 滑動滑動15. _ n.繁榮繁榮 boom graspreformviceslip二、單詞拓展二、單詞拓展 (A)單詞派生單詞派生1. _ adj. 清晰的清晰的; 明顯的明顯的; 明確的明確的 _ n. 差別差別; 區分區分; 卓著卓著2. _ adj. 主要的主要的 _ n. 大多數大多數; 大半大半majoritydistinctdistinctionmajor3. _ v. 處罰處罰;

3、懲罰懲罰 _ n. 處罰處罰; 懲罰懲罰4. _ vt. 指出指出; 標示標示; 表明表明; 暗示暗示 _ n. 指出指出; 標示標示; 表明表明; 暗示暗示indicationpunishpunishmentindicate5. _ adj.顯而易見的顯而易見的; 顯然的顯然的 _ adv.顯然地顯然地; 顯而易見地顯而易見地apparentapparently6. _ v. 吸引；使著迷吸引；使著迷 _ adj. 迷人的迷人的; 吸引人的吸引人的fascinatingfascinate(B)靈活運用靈活運用1. Theres a sharp _ (distinct) between wor

4、ds and deeds. 名詞作表語名詞作表語, 根據前面的冠詞可知。根據前面的冠詞可知。2. The _ (major) of senior high school students seem to prefer science to arts. 2. 因為因為the與與of之間必須填名詞之間必須填名詞, 而而the majority of 意為意為“大多數的大多數的”。distinctionmajority 3. Whoever breaks the school rules will surely receive _ (punish).3. 名詞作動詞名詞作動詞receive的賓語。的

5、賓語。4. Many students _ (apparent) do not care about the health issues of all their bad habits. 4. 副詞作狀語副詞作狀語, 修飾動詞修飾動詞do。punishmentapparently5. A _ (fascinate) talent show called “Super Girl” won nationwide popularity among teenage students.5. 形容詞作定語形容詞作定語, 修飾修飾talent show。fascinating1. _背靠背背靠背2. _ 繼

6、續存在繼續存在; 繼續生存繼續生存3. _申請申請; 請示得到請示得到4. _將將應用于應用于三、短語翻譯三、短語翻譯 applyto back to backlive onapply for5. _ 堅持堅持; 維持維持; 沿襲沿襲6. _ 習慣于習慣于新的生活方式新的生活方式7. _用用辦法辦法; ;借助借助8. _ 包括包括; 吸收吸收take in keep upused to the new way of lifeby means of .9. _ 與與合作或一起工作合作或一起工作10. _ 許多許多; 很多很多11. _ 畫線畫線; 標出標出的界線的界線12. _ 至少至少at l

7、eastteam up witha great/good manymark out四、課文回顧四、課文回顧 Exactly when the first people arrived in what we now know as California，no one really knows. However, 1_ is likely that Native Americans were living in California at least fifteen thousand years ago. Scientists believe that these first settlers 2

8、 _ (cross) the Bering Strait in the Arctic to America 3_ means of a land bridge which existed in prehistoric times. it crossed by In the 16th century, after the 4_ (arrive) of Europeans，the native people suffered greatly. Thousands were killed or forced into slavery. 5_ addition, many died from the

9、diseases brought by Europeans. However，some survived these terrible times，and today there are more Native Americans 6_ (live) in California than in any other state.arrival In living In the 18th century，California was ruled by Spain. Spanish soldiers first arrived in South America in the early 16th c

10、entury, 7 _ they fought against the native people and 8_ (take) their land. Two centuries later，the Spanish had settled in most parts of South America and along the northwest coast of what we now call the United States. when tookOf 9_ first Spanish to go to California，the majority were religious men

11、,10_ ministry was to teach the Catholic religion to the natives.the whose 五、句子改錯五、句子改錯1.California is a third largest state in the USA but have the largest population.2.However, some survived these terrible times, and today there are more Native Americans live in California than in other state.a the

12、 ; have haslive living; 在在other前加前加any3.In the 18th century California ruled by Spain.4.Exactly when the first people arrived in which we now know as California, no one really know.5.On 1821, the people of Mexico gained their independent from Spain.On In; independent independenceruled was ruledwhich

13、 what; know knows重點詞匯講練重點詞匯講練原句原句 By the time California elected to become the thirty-first federal state of the USA in 1850, it was already a multicultural society. 到到1850年加利福尼亞成為美國的第年加利福尼亞成為美國的第31個州個州的時候的時候, 它已經是一個有著多種文化的社它已經是一個有著多種文化的社會了會了。(B8 P2)1. elect vt. 選舉；選擇；推選選舉；選擇；推選例句例句 We elected him a

14、s our representative.我們選他作代表。我們選他作代表。 搭配搭配 elect sb. （to beas）+n.選某人當選某人當elect sb. to do sth. 選某人做某事選某人做某事運用運用 用所給詞的適當形式填空。用所給詞的適當形式填空。 We _ (elect) him monitor at the class meeting yesterday. He was elected _ (solve) this challenging problem. to solve elected 原句原句 Yes. It didnt occur to me that是的是的

15、, 我沒有想到我沒有想到(B8 P5)例句例句 It occurred to me that he would be the best person.我突然想我突然想到他也許是最佳人選。到他也許是最佳人選。 2. occur vi. 發生；出現；存在發生；出現；存在(happen, exist)sth. occurs to sb. 某事被某事被某人想起某人想起it occurs to sb. that. 某某人想起人想起說明說明 occur的過去式、過去分的過去式、過去分詞、現在分詞要雙寫詞、現在分詞要雙寫“r”：occurred, occurred，occurring。 occur是不及物動

16、詞，不能帶賓是不及物動詞，不能帶賓語，不能用于被動語態。語，不能用于被動語態。運用運用 我就要離開時我就要離開時, 想起忘了想起忘了帶鑰匙。帶鑰匙。Just as I was leaving the house, _ that I had forgotten my keys. it occurred to me3. indicate vt. 指出；表明；暗示指出；表明；暗示(show/ suggest)例句例句 His hesitation indicates unwillingness.他的猶豫表明不愿他的猶豫表明不愿意。意。 運用運用 他點頭示意我應坐的地方。他點頭示意我應坐的地方。Wit

17、h a nod of his head he _ where I should sit. 一項調查顯示，一項調查顯示，80%的中學生使用手機。的中學生使用手機。_80% of high school students use mobile phones.A survey indicates that indicated to me4. hire vt. 雇用雇用 (to employ)；租用；租用(to pay money to borrow sth for short period of time) 例句例句 Teamed up with a couple from my hotel (Pe

18、ter and Terri) and hired a car. 同飯店里的一對夫妻（彼得和泰同飯店里的一對夫妻（彼得和泰莉）作伴，我們一起租了一輛小汽車。莉）作伴，我們一起租了一輛小汽車。hire sth. out to sb. 出租某物給某人出租某物給某人hire sb. to do sth. 雇用某人做某事雇用某人做某事for hire 可供出租，用來出租可供出租，用來出租搭配搭配 運用運用 根據漢語意思完成英文句子。根據漢語意思完成英文句子。 I want to_ _ (把我的屋子出租給我的把我的屋子出租給我的一個朋友一個朋友)。 The boss was too busy, so he

19、_(雇用幾個雇用幾個工人幫忙處理工人幫忙處理) the companys routine work.hiredhire my house out to oneof my friends several workers to deal with 5. nowhere adv. 無處；到處都無無處；到處都無 (not in any place or to any place) 例句例句 Nowhere else can we find a more beautiful place than Mount Tai.我們找我們找不到比泰山更美的地方。不到比泰山更美的地方。說明說明 nowhere置于句首

20、，句子要部分置于句首，句子要部分倒裝。倒裝。運用運用 世界上沒有其他地方存在這種世界上沒有其他地方存在這種水果。水果。_ this kind of fruit exist.Nowhere else in the world does6. live on 繼續生活或生存繼續生活或生存(continue to live or exist);以以為食為食;靠靠生活生活例句例句 The customs and languages of the immigrants live on in their new home. 這些移民的風俗習慣和語言在這些移民的風俗習慣和語言在他們的新家都得以延續。他們的新家

21、都得以延續。live by doing sth.靠做某事為生靠做某事為生live up to符合；不辜負符合；不辜負聯想聯想運用運用 用用live短語的適當形式填空。短語的適當形式填空。 He still _ his parents after graduation. Mozart is dead but his music _. We should work hard and try _ our parents expectations.live up to lives ononlivesto7. mark out 用線畫出范圍；標出用線畫出范圍；標出界限界限(draw lines to s

22、how the edges of sth)；規劃出；使；規劃出；使與眾不同與眾不同例句例句 Theres a fascinating drive marked out for tourists. 有一種專有一種專門為旅游者選定的駕車游活動。門為旅游者選定的駕車游活動。運用運用 根據漢語意思完成英文句子。根據漢語意思完成英文句子。 通過努力我們成功地畫出了一個網通過努力我們成功地畫出了一個網球場。球場。With an effort we succeeded_. out a tennis court in marking 她的獨立精神使她有別于她的同學。她的獨立精神使她有別于她的同學。Her in

23、dependence of spirit_.out from her classmatesmarks her8. keep up堅持；維持；沿襲堅持；維持；沿襲(風俗、風俗、傳統等傳統等)例句例句 We students ought to keep up our traditional Chinese virtues.我們我們學生要沿襲中華名族的傳統美德。學生要沿襲中華名族的傳統美德。運用運用 我的父母為了保持家庭傳統竭我的父母為了保持家庭傳統竭盡全力。盡全力。My parents do their best _.to keep upthe family tradition9.by no me

24、ans 絕不絕不(置于句首時，要部置于句首時，要部分倒裝分倒裝)例句例句 Thanks to the advancement of new technologies， we can keep in touch with each other by means of cell phone and e-mail.由于有了先進的科技，由于有了先進的科技，我們可以通過手機和電子郵件彼此保我們可以通過手機和電子郵件彼此保持聯系。持聯系。聯想聯想 by means of用用辦法；借辦法；借助助 (=using, with the help of)提醒提醒 means作作“方法，手段方法，手段”解，單解，單

25、復數同形，作主語時要注意主謂一致。復數同形，作主語時要注意主謂一致。運用運用 她試圖借助手勢語進行解釋。她試圖借助手勢語進行解釋。She tried to explain _. 一切可能的辦法都試過了。一切可能的辦法都試過了。All possible means _(try). (3) 無論遇到什么困難無論遇到什么困難,我們絕不能放棄。我們絕不能放棄。Whatever difficulty we meet， by no means _.should we give upby means of signhave been tried language10. take in包括包括(include

26、 or cover)；吸；吸收收(absorb)例句例句 The students found it easy to take in what their teacher had taught. 學生們發現老師所教的東西很容易領學生們發現老師所教的東西很容易領會。會。(understand or absorb)運用運用 他經常駕車去鄉下呼吸那里的新鮮他經常駕車去鄉下呼吸那里的新鮮空氣?？諝?。He often drives to the countryside_. 這次旅游將包括五個著名旅游景點。這次旅游將包括五個著名旅游景點。This tour _.to take in the fresh a

27、ir therewill take in five famoustourist spots11.apply for 申請；請示得到申請；請示得到例句例句 You can apply for scholarship and work part-time in college.在大學里你可以申請在大學里你可以申請獎學金和做兼職。獎學金和做兼職。apply to適用于適用于apply.to.將將應用于應用于聯想聯想運用運用 填入一個適當的介詞。填入一個適當的介詞。 Anyone who wants to apply_ the job must meet all the requirements above. It is satisfactory to apply this new method _ our project of environmental protection.to for寫作句型仿寫寫作句型仿寫1. It is likely/unlikely that.很很/沒可沒可能能原句原句 However, it is likely that Native Americans were livin