1、2012年高考英語閱讀理解訓(xùn)練：社會文化類(一)(2011課標(biāo)全國)When milk arrived on the doorstepWhen I was a boy growing up in New Jersey in the 1960s, we had a milkman delivering milk to our doorstep. His name was Mr. Basille. He wore a white cap and drove a white truck. As a 5?year?old boy, I couldnt take my eyes off the coin

2、 changer fixed to his belt. He noticed this one day during a delivery and gave me a quarter out of his coin changer.Of course, he delivered more than milk. There was cheese, eggs and so on. If we needed to change our order, my mother would pen a note “Please add a bottle of buttermilk next delivery”

3、and place it in the box along with the empty bottles. And then, the buttermilk would magically appear.All of this was about more than convenience. There existed a close relationship between families and their milkmen. Mr. Basille even had a key to our house, for those times when it was so cold outsi

4、de that we put the box indoors, so that the milk wouldnt freeze. And I remember Mr.Basille from time to time taking a break at our kitchen table, having a cup of tea and telling stories about his delivery.There is sadly no home milk delivery today. Big companies allowed the production of cheaper mil

5、k, thus making it difficult for milkmen to compete. Besides, milk is for sale everywhere, and it may just not have been practical to have a delivery service.Recently, an old milk box in the countryside I saw brought back my childhood memories. I took it home and planted it on the back porch (門廊). Ev

6、ery so often my sons friends will ask what it is. So I start telling stories of my boyhood, and of the milkman who brought us friendship along with his milk.1Mr. Basille gave the boy a quarter out of his coin changer_.Ato show his magical powerBto pay for the deliveryCto satisfy his curiosityDto ple

7、ase his mother2What can be inferred from the fact that the milkman had the key to the boys house?AHe wanted to have tea there.BHe was treated as a family member.CHe was a respectable person.DHe was fully trusted by the family.3Why does home milk delivery no longer exist?ANobody wants to be a milkman

8、 now.BIt has been driven out of the market.CIts service is getting poor.DIt is forbidden by law.4Why did the author bring back home an old milk box?AHe missed the good old days.BHe wanted to tell interesting stories.CHe needed it for his milk bottles.DHe planted flowers in it.答案與解析1.C推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段最后可以

9、看出，當(dāng)時作者只是一個5歲的孩子，對送奶人腰帶上的投幣器很好奇，善良的送奶人把一枚硬幣送給作者，是為了滿足其好奇心，所以應(yīng)選C項。2.D推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段第二句可知，家里人與送奶人之間關(guān)系很密切，送奶人甚至有家里的鑰匙，由此推斷送奶人得到了充分的信任，故選D項。3.B細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段可知，激烈的競爭和購買的便利使得送奶上門退出了市場，無法存在下去，故選B項。4.A推理判斷題。由最后一段可以看出，作者有一種懷舊的心理，想念兒時的時光，感覺送奶人送來牛奶的同時，也帶來了友誼，故選A項。(二)(2011課標(biāo)全國)While small may be beautiful, tall is j

10、ust plain uncomfortable it seems, particularly when it comes to staying in hotels and eating in restaurants.The Tall Persons Club Great Britain (TPCGB), which was formed six months ago to campaign for the needs of the tall, has turned its attention to hotels and restaurants. Beds that are too small，

11、shower heads that are too low, and restaurant tables with hardly any leg?room all make life difficult for those of above average height, it says.But it is not just the extra?tall whose needs are not being met. The average height of the population has been increasing yet the standard size of beds, do

12、orways, and chairs has remained unchanged. “The bedding industry says a bed should be six inches larger than the person using it, so even a king?size bed at 66 (6 feet and 6 inches) is falling short for 25% of men, while the standard 63 bed caters for less than half of the male population，” said TPC

13、GB president Phil Heinricy，“Seven?foot beds would work fine.”Similarly, restaurant tables can cause no end of problems. Small tables, which mean the long?legged have to sit a foot or so away from them, are enough to make tall customers go elsewhere.Some have already taken note, however. At Queens Mo

14、at Houses Caledonian Hotel in Edinburgh, 66 beds are now put in as standard after requests for longer beds from taller visitors，particularly Americans.1What is the purpose of the TPCGB campaign?ATo provide better services.BTo rebuild hotels and restaurants.CTo draw public attention to the needs of t

15、he tall.DTo attract more people to become its members.2Which of the following might be a bed of proper length according to Phil Heinricy?A72B7C66D633What may happen to restaurants with small tables?AThey may lose some customers.BThey may start businesses elsewhere.CThey have to find easy chairs to m

16、atch the tables.DThey have to provide enough space for the long?legged.4What change has already been made in a hotel in Edinburgh?A. Tall people pay more for larger beds.B66 beds have taken the place of 63 beds.CSpecial rooms are kept for Americans.DGuest rooms are standardized.答案與解析1.C細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段第一

17、句話可知，這次活動的目的是引起公眾對高個子的人的需要的關(guān)注。2.B細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段最后一句中的“Seven?foot beds would work fine.”可知，床鋪的合適長度是7英尺。3.A推理判斷題。根據(jù)第五段可知，餐桌太小會使高個子的人們到別的地方去(吃飯)，也就是說，餐桌太小的飯店會失去一些客人。4.B細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段可知，愛丁堡的一家賓館已經(jīng)使用6英尺6英寸的床鋪作為標(biāo)準(zhǔn)床鋪，故選B項。(三)(2011課標(biāo)全國)Cassandra Feeley finds it hard to manage on her husbands income. So this year

18、 she did something more than a hobby: She planted vegetables in her yard. For her first garden, Ms. Feeley has put in 15 tomato plants, and five rows of a variety of vegetables. The familys old farm house has become a chicken house, its residents arriving next month. Last year, Ms. Rita Gartin kept

19、a small garden. This year she has made it much larger because, she said, “The cost of everything is going up and I was looking to lose a few pounds, too; so its a win?win situation all around.”They are among the growing number of Americans who, driven by higher living costs and a falling economy (經(jīng)濟

20、), have taken up vegetable gardening for the first time. Others have increased the size of their existing gardens. Seed companies and garden shops say that not since the 1970s has there been such an increase in interest in growing food at home. Now many gardens across the country have been sold out

21、for several months. In Austin, Tex., some of the gardens have a three?year waiting list.George C. Ball Jr., owner of a company, said sales of vegetable seeds and plants are up by 40% over last year, double the average growth of the last five years. Mr. Ball argues that some of the reasons have been

22、building for the last few years. The big one is the striking rise in the cost of food like bread and milk, together with the increases in the price of fruits and vegetables. Food prices have increased because of higher oil prices. People are now driving less, taking fewer vacations, so there is more

23、 time to garden.1What does the word “residents” in Paragraph 1 probably refer to?AchickensBtomatoesCgardensDpeople2Why is vegetable gardening becoming increasingly popular?AMore Americans are doing it for fun.BThe price of oil is lower than before.CTheres a growing need for fruits.DThe cost of livin

24、g is on the rise.3Which of the following might be the best title for the text?AFamily Food PlanningBBanking on GardeningCA Belt?tightening MoveDGardening as a Hobby答案與解析1.A詞義猜測題。根據(jù)前半句可知，這家的農(nóng)舍變成了雞舍，所以下個月要住進(jìn)來的應(yīng)該是“雞”。2.D推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段最后一句中的“The cost of everything is going up”和第二段第一句中的“higher living costs

25、and a falling economy”以及最后一段第三句中的“the striking rise in the cost of food like bread and milk，together with the increases in the price of fruits and vegetables”可以看出，種植蔬菜流行的原因是生活費用的提高。3.B主旨大意題。縱觀全文可知，很多人種植蔬菜不僅是出于愛好，更重要的是為了節(jié)省生活費用，所以應(yīng)選B項，bank作為動詞是“存款”的意思。(四)(2011全國卷)Since 1984, Philadelphia has been clea

26、ning up its act. One by one, graffiti?covered walls are being changed into outdoor art. So far, more than 1,800 murals (壁畫) have been painted.Philadelphia now has more murals than any other American city.The walls that were once ugly with graffiti (涂鴉) are now covered with beautiful pictures of hist

27、orical heroes and modern art, thanks to the Mural Arts Program (MAP). Its work makes schools and public places attractive, and its citizens very proud. The program began as part of Philadelphias Anti?Graffiti Network. Jane Golden is the MAPs artistic director. “When people ask me what our program is

28、 about，” she says, “I answer them with one word: hope”. Each year, the MAP offers youth art programs and workshops. Some one?time graffiti writers even help paint MAP murals.The MAPs work, says Golden, is all about developing a sense of community (社區(qū)). When a neighborhood requests a mural, the MAP w

29、orks with the people there to develop a message. Some messages have been “Safe Streets”， “Love and Care”， and “Peace Walk”The MAP receives up to 50 requests for murals each week. Last year, the workers painted 140 murals. “The making of a mural enters peoples collective memory as an extraordinary, pleasant moment in neighborhood history.” says Golden, who began as a muralist in Los Angeles.1What can be the best title for the text?ALove, f