1、 make+賓語+賓語補足語make用作使役動詞表示 “使；使成為” 時，可跟復合結構，即“make+賓語+賓語補足語”，其中的賓語補足語可以是不帶to的不定式、過去分詞、形容詞或名詞。現將make的復合賓語結構小結如下：一、“make賓語n.” 意為“使、讓某人 / 某物(成為)”。如：We made him captain of our football team. 我們推選他作我們足球隊隊長。We made him our monitor. 我們選他當班長。二、“make賓語adj.” 意為 “使某人 / 某事(變得)”。如：The news that our team had won

2、made us very happy. 我們隊贏了的消息使我們大家非常高興。We must make the rivers clean. 我們必須凈化河水。友情提示：當賓語是不定式短語或從句時，多用it作形式賓語。如：I made it a condition that everybody must be on time. 我提出一個條件，人人都要準時。The heavy rain made it impossible for us to go out. 大雨使得我們無法出去。三、“make賓語do sth.（不帶to的不定式）”意為 “使某人做某事”。如:What makes the gra

3、ss grow? 什么東西使得草生長？Our teacher makes us feel more confident. 老師使得我們感到更自信了。友情提示：在被動語態中，此類結構中省略的動詞不定式 to 要還原。如：The boy was made to work twelve hours a day. 這個男孩被迫每天干十二個小時的活。Every day I am made to have an egg and some milk. 我每天不得不吃一個雞蛋，喝一些牛奶。相關鏈接：have, make, let等使役動詞和see, hear, listen to, look at, watc

4、h, notice, observe 等感官動詞都可接不帶to的不定式作賓補。help后可帶to,也可不帶to。如：Let him do whatever he wishes to do. 他想干什么就讓他干吧。Did you see him go out? 你看見他出去了嗎？I often help my mother (to) do some housework. 我經常幫助媽媽做些家務。四、“make賓語-ed（過去分詞作賓補）”這個結構指賓語接受后面的那個動作，表示被動的意思，意為 “使某人 / 某事被”。如：The strange noise made us frightened.

5、奇怪的聲音使我們感到恐懼。The good news made us excited. 這個好消息使我們興奮。友情提示：通常情況下，make后的賓語是反身代詞時，作賓補的動詞要用過去分詞，即：make oneselfV-ed （heard, known, understood）。如：He couldn't make himself heard above the noise of the traffic. 在交通嘈雜聲中他無法使自己的聲音提高到讓別人聽到。但有時，根據句子意思也可用其他形式。如：The little child stood on the chair to make hi

6、mself look taller. 那個小孩兒站在椅子上，使他看上去更高些。Rock singers, on the other hand, make music their life. 搖滾樂歌手，另一方面，把音樂當作他們的生命。五、“make+賓語+V-ing（現在分詞）”這一結構表示的意思是“使某人 / 某事一直在”。現在分詞與賓語之間存在著邏輯上的主謂關系。如：He makes the boy standing all the time. 他讓那個男孩一直站著。相關鏈接：常接V-ing形式作賓語補足語的動詞有：see, watch, hear, observe, notice, fe

7、el, find等感官動詞和look at, listen to等短語動詞以及have, keep, get, make等使役動詞。友情提示：現在分詞作賓補和不帶 to 的不定式作賓補的區別是：現在分詞一般表示動作正在進行，而不帶 to 的不定式則一般表示動作已經完成。如：I saw him putting his hand into his pocket. (動作正在進行)I saw him put his hand into his pocket. (動作已經完成)It seems that 用法此句型實質上是“主系表”結構。其中it是人稱代詞，并無實意，指的是某種情況，seems為系動詞

8、，that / as if 引導表語從句。 一、It seems that 表示“看起來”。強調根據一定的事實所得出的一種接近于實際情況的判斷，可以說表示事實。（可以轉換成“名詞或代詞 seem 動詞不定式”句型，其意不變，如果動詞不定式為to be 形容詞時，to be往往省略。）It seems that it is more difficult for women to get to the top of the company. 婦女似乎更難提升到公司的最高職位。It seems that no one knows what has happened in the park. (No

9、one seems to know what has happened in the park.) 似乎沒有人知道在公園里發生了什么事。It seems to me that he has known everything. (He seems to have known everything) 在我看來他似乎什么事都知道了。It seems to me that Mr. White will not come again. 依我看，懷特先生不會再來了。It seems that she is happy. 她似乎很高興。It seems that he likes his new job.

10、他看起來很喜歡他的新工作。It seems that they don't like the idea. 他們似乎不喜歡這個主意。It seems that he is lying.看來他在撒謊。二、It seems as if .也表示“看起來，似乎”。使用該句型表示可能：若從句表示的是很可能實現的事情，從句謂語用陳述語氣；若從句表示的是與事實相反的假設或實現的可能性很小的事情時，則從句謂語要用虛擬語氣。1、從句的謂語動詞常用虛擬語氣來表示所設想的事情不真實或不可能發生/存在。It seems as if she had read this novel.看來她好像看過這本小說。It

11、seems as if it were autumn. 現在仿佛是秋天似的。It seems as if it were spring already. 似乎春天已經來了。It seems as if he knew everything. 好像他什么都知道似的。It seems as if she had been to England. 好像她到過英國似的。It seems as if they had never seen each other before. 仿佛他們以前從未見過面。It seems as if he were in a dream.看來他像是在做夢。It seemed

12、 as if the good man were trying to teach us all he knew at this last lesson.這個好心人仿佛要在最后這一堂課上把他的全部知識教給我們。2、如果可能性很大則用陳述語氣，或者句中的情況可能發生或可能被設想為真實，則仍然用陳述語氣。It seems as if our team is going to win.看來我們隊要勝了。It seems as if he has learned by heart a speech written by someone else.看來他像是背了一篇由別人寫的演講稿。It seems as

13、 if he has been at the scene of the crime似乎他好像在犯罪現場。It seems as if it is going to rain. (It seems to rain) 看來天要下雨了。It seems that she is ill. 她似乎病了。It seems that it is going to rain. 仿佛天要下雨。It seems as if Ken will win the race. 看上去肯好像能贏。It seems as if our team is going to win 看來我們隊要勝了。3、as if還可用于其它動詞

14、之后或省略句中。（as if引導的從句是“主語系動詞”結構，可省略主語和系動詞，只剩下名詞、不定式、形容詞（短語）、介詞短語或分詞。）She looks as if she were ten years younger. 她看起來好像年輕了十歲。You look as if you didnt care. 你看上去好像并不在乎。He talks as if he knew where she was. 他說話的樣子，好像他知道她在哪里似的。He talks about Rome as if he had been there before. 他說起羅馬來好像他以前去過羅馬似的。The girl

15、 listened as if she had been turned to stone. 那女孩傾聽著，一動也不動，像已經變成了石頭似的。He opened his mouth as if he would say something. 他張開嘴好像要說什么。It looks as if it might snow. 看來好像要下雪了。Tom raised his hands as if (he was going) to say something. 湯姆舉起手好像要說什么。She left the room hurriedly as if (she was) angry. 她匆忙離開房間

16、好像生氣的樣子。He acts as if (he were) a fool 他做事像個傻子。 in doing sth.【常用句式】1. be busy (in) doing sth 忙于做某事Farmers were busy (in) getting in the crops. 農民在忙著收莊稼。He was busy (in) packing, for he was leaving that night. 他那時正忙著打點行李，因為那天晚上他就要走了。Must you worry her with questions, just when she is busy (in) cookin

17、g dinner? 她正忙著做飯你干嗎偏偏問她問題? 2. be late (in) doing sth 做某事做晚了或做遲了We were late (in) having dinner. 我們吃飯吃得晚。He was late (in) coming to the office this morning. 今天早上他來辦公室來得很遲。The B.B.C. are not often late (in) broadcasting the news. 英國廣播公司通常能及時播報新聞。3. be fortunate (in) doing sth 做某事是幸運的He is fortunate (i

18、n) living to such an advanced age. 他能活到這樣的高齡真是幸運。Youre fortunate (in) being able to live in the country. 你能住在鄉間真是幸運。Were fortunate (in) having you with us. 我們很幸運，有你和我們在一起。4. spendmoney (time) (in) doing sth 花錢(時間)做某事Dont spend such a lot of time (in) dressing yourself. 別花那么多時間來打扮(自己)。Theres no fun i

19、n spending the evening (in) doing nothing. 晚上無事可干，很無聊。Dont spend your whole life (in) worrying about money. 別把一輩子都花在為錢操心上。5. wastemoney (time) (in) doing sth 浪費錢(時間)做某事He wasted his time (in) doing nothing. 他無所事事，浪費光陰。She wasted her time and money (in) paying bribes. 她將時間和金錢浪費于賄賂。6. haveluck (in) do

20、ing sth 做某事時有運氣He had no luck (in) finding a job. 他找工作不走運。Did you have any luck (in) hunting deer? 你去獵鹿運氣好嗎?7. havedifficulty (in) doing sth 做某事有困難If you should have any difficulty (in) getting spare parts ring this number. 萬一你買備件時遇到什么困難，請打這個電話號碼。Children of divorced parents may have difficulty (in)

21、 forming stable relationships themselves. 父母離婚以后，子女之間可能難以形成穩定的關系。8. finddifficulty (in) doing sth 做某事發現有困難He finds little difficulty (in) learning English. 他覺得學習英語沒什么困難。I found great difficulty (in) doing the work. 做這工作我覺得很吃力。9. havetrouble (in) doing sth做某事有困難I have some trouble (in) reading her ha

22、ndwriting. 我認她的筆跡有些困難。We had no trouble (in) finding his house. 我們沒費吹灰之力就找到了他的家。10. have bother (in) doing sth 做某事費勁 I had much bother (in) waking him. 我喊醒他有很大困難。I didnt have much bother (in) working out this problem. 我沒費什么勁就解出了這道題。11. have a problem (in) doing sth做某事有困難We had a problem (in) understanding what he says. 我們要理解他說的話有不少困難。They seem to have a problem (in) finishing the work in half an hour. 他們要在半小時內把工作干完似乎有些問題。12. have a good time (in) doing sth 做某事很開心We had a good time (in) playing tennis. 我們打網球打得很開心。The c